Electric bolt machine for railway and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an electric bolting machine for railways and its usage method, relating to the field of bolting machine technology. It includes a base plate with first track wheels mounted at both ends. A housing is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate. A track crossbeam is fixedly connected to one side of the base plate, and a second track wheel is mounted at the end of the track crossbeam away from the base plate. Two limiting rails are fixedly connected to one side of the housing, and sliding seats are slidably connected to each of the two limiting rails. An installation box is installed between the two sliding seats, and a rotating assembly for rotating bolts is provided inside the installation box. This invention allows for adjustment of the rotational torque of the counterweight sleeve during operation via an adjustable assembly. Simultaneously, the speed of the telescopic sleeve shaft can be changed to alter its rotational torque, ensuring sufficient torque for the telescopic sleeve shaft to drive it during high-torque operation, thereby significantly improving the torque adjustment range of the counterweight sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bolting machine technology, specifically an electric bolting machine for railways and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Tightening and loosening track fastener bolts is an essential task in railway track laying, major overhaul and maintenance of existing lines. It requires a large number of suitable specialized machines to replace heavy manual labor. More importantly, it ensures that the elastic fasteners of the track maintain accurate fastening pressure and that the fastening pressure of the fasteners on both sides of the rail is balanced, ultimately guaranteeing the safe operation of the railway line.

[0003] The prior art CN115990755B proposes an intelligent maintenance machine for railway bolts, including a barrel-shaped shell, a barrel-shaped elastic plate, a pump assembly, and a bolt tightening device. The barrel-shaped shell is a barrel-shaped column with an open bottom, and the barrel-shaped elastic plate is a barrel-shaped elastic plate with an open top. The top is fixed to the bottom of the barrel-shaped shell, and two positioning holes are symmetrically arranged at the bottom. This maintenance machine can tighten and loosen railway bolts.

[0004] However, the aforementioned maintenance machine still has certain shortcomings in operation. During the bolt tightening process, a sleeve needs to be placed on the bolt to achieve the desired tightness. However, in actual use, since the sleeve is located at the bottom of the equipment, it is very difficult to align it with the bolt, resulting in low work efficiency. At the same time, the device cannot adjust the bolt torque according to the actual tightening requirements, which leads to certain defects in its operation. Therefore, we provide an electric bolt machine for railways and its usage method to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electric bolting machine for railways and its method of use, so as to solve the problems of inconvenience in connecting the sleeve and the bolt and inconvenience in adjusting the torque applied to the bolt in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An electric bolting machine for railways includes a base plate, with first track wheels installed at both ends of the base plate. A housing is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate, and a track crossbeam is fixedly connected to one side of the base plate. A second track wheel is installed at the end of the track crossbeam away from the base plate. Two limiting rails are fixedly connected to one side of the housing, and sliding seats are slidably connected to each of the two limiting rails. An installation box is installed between the two sliding seats, and a rotating assembly for rotating bolts is provided inside the installation box.

[0008] Lifting side wheels are installed on both lower ends of the mounting box. A tension spring is installed between the lower end of the mounting box away from the chassis and the base plate. The chassis is provided with a lifting assembly for lifting the mounting box.

[0009] The base plate is also equipped with a locking component for locking the lifting installation box.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the rotating assembly includes a telescopic sleeve shaft, which is rotatably connected to both sides inside the mounting box. A fixed-torque cam is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic sleeve shaft. A limit slide bar is fixedly connected to the surface of the telescopic sleeve shaft. A rotating ring is slidably connected to the lower end of the telescopic sleeve shaft. A first spring passes through the telescopic sleeve shaft at the position between the rotating ring and the fixed-torque cam. A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the upper end of the telescopic sleeve shaft. A friction transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve. Adjustment assemblies for adjusting the positions of the sliding sleeve and the rotating ring are provided on both sides inside the mounting box.

[0011] Both sides of the lower end face of the mounting box are rotatably connected to a bottom shaft. The upper end of the bottom shaft is fixedly connected to a torsion bar that cooperates with a torsion cam. The lower end of the bottom shaft is provided with a mating component for cooperating with a bolt.

[0012] The mounting box also contains a drive assembly for driving the friction transmission wheel to rotate.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the adjustment assembly includes a bidirectional screw, which is rotatably connected to both sides inside the mounting box. A first push plate is threadedly connected to the threaded end of the lower end of the bidirectional screw, and the first push plate is rotatably connected to a rotating ring. A second push plate is threadedly connected to the threaded end of the upper end of the bidirectional screw, and the second push plate is rotatably connected to the lower end of a sliding sleeve. Limiting rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the threads at both ends of the bidirectional screw. A second motor for driving the bidirectional screw to rotate is provided on both sides of the upper surface of the mounting box.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the mating assembly includes a clutch sleeve, a counterweight sleeve fixedly connected to the lower end of the clutch sleeve, a wrench groove for engaging with a bolt being opened at the lower end of the counterweight sleeve, a push plate fixedly connected to one side of the wrench groove, a positioning hole being opened at the upper end of the side of the counterweight sleeve away from the wrench groove, a fan blade fixedly connected to the connecting rod between the counterweight sleeve and the clutch sleeve, a second clutch insert wheel fixedly connected to the lower end face inside the clutch sleeve, a circular hole communicating with the interior being opened at the upper end face of the clutch sleeve, a bottom shaft passing through the circular hole at the upper end of the clutch sleeve, a first clutch insert wheel engaging with the second clutch insert wheel being fixedly connected to the lower end of the bottom shaft, an air pump installed at the lower end inside the housing, an air blowing pipe being provided at the output end of the air pump, the outlet end of the air blowing pipe being located at the bottom plate near the bottom shaft, for engaging with the fan blade to drive the clutch sleeve to rotate, and a positioning assembly for engaging with the positioning hole to position the counterweight sleeve on the bottom plate.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the positioning component includes a hollow box, which is fixedly connected to the base plate near the counterweight sleeve by a bracket. A positioning plate is slidably connected inside the hollow box. The lower end of the positioning plate away from the hollow box is inclined. An end roller is rotatably connected to the upper end of the positioning plate away from the hollow box. The lower end of the end roller is conical. A second spring is installed at both the upper and lower ends of the hollow box, located between the positioning plate and the inner end face of the hollow box. An iron sheet is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate away from the end roller. An electromagnet is installed in the middle of the inner end face of the hollow box.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the drive assembly includes a support frame, two of which are fixedly connected inside the mounting box near the center. A conical friction wheel for cooperating with the friction transmission wheel is rotatably connected to the inclined surface of the support frame. A reduction gear is also installed on the connecting shaft of the conical friction wheel. A first motor is also installed at the lower end of the inclined surface of the support frame. A motor gear for driving the reduction gear to rotate is installed at the output end of the first motor.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lifting assembly includes a handle, which is located on both sides of the chassis. The end of the handle is rotatably connected to the chassis. A crossbar is fixedly connected between the handle and the diagonal bar. Bottom limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the lower ends of both sides of the chassis.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the locking assembly includes a vertical bracket, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate near the mounting box. A hanging block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting box on the side away from the chassis. A limiting top box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting box. A locking strip is slidably connected inside the limiting top box. The locking strip has an inclined surface that cooperates with the hanging block at the end near the mounting box. Side sliders are fixedly connected to both sides of the locking strip at the positions on both sides of the limiting top box. A third spring is installed on both sides inside the limiting top box. A handle is fixedly connected to the end of the locking strip away from the mounting box.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a controller is installed on the upper surface of the chassis, and a storage battery for power supply is installed inside the upper part of the chassis. The storage battery, the second motor, the first motor, the air pump and the electromagnet are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention, through the setting of a first track wheel, a second track wheel, and a track crossbeam, can move along the rail during operation. The wrench slot is open, allowing it to be engaged with a bolt. Then, the drive assembly rotates the counterweight sleeve, which in turn rotates the bolt to tighten or loosen it. During operation, the positioning assembly ensures that the wrench slot always faces the bolt before engaging it, facilitating the engagement of the wrench slot with the bolt. This allows the worker to simply push the device to engage the wrench slot with the bolt, making it convenient to use and avoiding the inconvenience of the sleeve not engaging with the bolt in existing technologies, thus greatly improving work efficiency.

[0022] 2. The present invention can adjust the rotational torque of the counterweight sleeve during operation by setting the adjustment component. During the adjustment, the speed of the telescopic sleeve shaft can also be changed at the same time to change the rotational torque of the telescopic sleeve shaft. This allows the telescopic sleeve shaft to obtain sufficient torque for driving when the counterweight sleeve is working at high torque, thereby greatly improving the torque adjustment range of the counterweight sleeve. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the bottom of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting box in this invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic sleeve shaft in this invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind vane in this invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hollow box in this invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limiting top box in this invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clutch sleeve in this invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight sleeve in this invention.

[0035] The components include: 1. Base plate; 2. First track wheel; 3. Vertical bracket; 4. Handle bar; 5. Mounting box; 6. Second motor; 7. Limiting track; 8. Controller; 9. Chassis; 10. Bottom limiting block; 11. Second track wheel; 12. Track crossbeam; 13. Lifting side wheel; 14. Tension spring; 15. Double-acting screw; 16. Clutch sleeve; 17. Push plate; 18. Counterweight sleeve; 19. Torque cam; 20. First motor; 21. Rotating ring; 22. Torque bar; 23. Positioning hole; 24. Fan blade; 25. Bottom shaft; 26. First spring; 27. First push plate; 28. Slide... 29. Second push plate; 30. Friction transmission wheel; 31. Conical friction wheel; 32. Support frame; 33. Reduction gear; 34. Motor gear; 35. Telescopic sleeve shaft; 36. Limiting slide bar; 37. Hollow box; 38. Electromagnet; 39. Second spring; 40. Positioning insert plate; 41. End roller; 42. Iron sheet; 43. Hanging block; 44. Limiting top box; 45. Handle; 46. Locking bar; 47. Third spring; 48. Side slider; 49. First clutch insert wheel; 50. Second clutch insert wheel; 51. Wrench slot; 52. Air pipe; 53. Air pump; 54. Sliding seat. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-12 In this embodiment of the invention, an electric bolting machine for railways includes a base plate 1. First track wheels 2 are mounted at both ends of the base plate 1. A housing 9 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate 1. A track crossbeam 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the base plate 1. A second track wheel 11 is mounted at the end of the track crossbeam 1 away from the base plate 1. Two limiting rails 7 are fixedly connected to one side of the housing 9. Sliding seats 54 are slidably connected to each of the two limiting rails 7. An installation box 5 is installed between the two sliding seats 54. The installation box 5 contains a rotating assembly for rotating bolts. A controller 8 is mounted on the upper surface of the housing 9. A battery for power supply is installed inside the upper part of the housing 9. The battery, a second motor 6, a first motor 20, an air pump 53, and an electromagnet 38 are all electrically connected to the controller 8. During operation, the machine can move along the railway rail using the first track wheels 2, the second track wheels 11, and the track crossbeam 12. The rotating assembly can tighten or loosen bolts during operation, making it convenient to use.

[0038] The rotating assembly includes a telescopic sleeve shaft 35, which is rotatably connected to both sides inside the mounting box 5. A torsion cam 19 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35. A limit slide bar 36 is fixedly connected to the surface of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35. A rotating ring 21 is slidably connected to the lower end of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35. A first spring 26 passes through the telescopic sleeve shaft 35 between the rotating ring 21 and the torsion cam 19. A sliding sleeve 28 is slidably connected to the upper end of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35. A friction transmission wheel 30 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 28. Adjustment assemblies for adjusting the positions of the sliding sleeve 28 and the rotating ring 21 are provided on both sides inside the mounting box 5.

[0039] During operation, the rotational torque of the counterweight sleeve 18 can be adjusted by the set adjustment components. At the same time, the speed of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35 can be changed to change the rotational torque of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35. This ensures that the telescopic sleeve shaft 35 can obtain sufficient torque to drive the counterweight sleeve 18 when it is operating at high torque, thereby greatly improving the torque adjustment range of the counterweight sleeve 18.

[0040] The adjustment assembly includes a bidirectional screw 15, which is rotatably connected to both sides inside the mounting box 5. A first push plate 27 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the bidirectional screw 15, and the first push plate 27 is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 21. A second push plate 29 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the bidirectional screw 15, and the second push plate 29 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the sliding sleeve 28. Limiting rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the threads at both ends of the bidirectional screw 15. A second motor 6 for driving the bidirectional screw 15 to rotate is provided on both sides of the upper surface of the mounting box 5.

[0041] During operation, when it is necessary to increase the output torque of the counterweight sleeve 18, the second motor 6 can drive the bidirectional screw 15 to rotate. The rotation of the clutch sleeve 16 drives the first push plate 27 to move downward, and at the same time drives the sliding sleeve 28 to move upward. The downward movement of the first push plate 27 can compress the first spring 26, thereby increasing the pressure on the torque cam 19, which can increase the torque of the counterweight sleeve 18. At the same time, the upward movement of the friction transmission wheel 30 can change the contact position with the conical friction wheel 31, thereby changing the transmission ratio between the friction transmission wheel 30 and the conical friction wheel 31. This makes the rotation speed of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35 slower and the torque increased, providing sufficient torque for the bottom shaft 25. When it is necessary to reduce the torque of the counterweight sleeve 18, it is only necessary to control the second motor 6 to drive the bidirectional screw 15 to reverse.

[0042] Both sides of the lower end face of the mounting box 5 are rotatably connected to a bottom shaft 25. The upper end of the bottom shaft 25 is fixedly connected to a torsion bar 22 that cooperates with a torsion cam 19. The lower end of the bottom shaft 25 is provided with a mating component for cooperating with a bolt. The mating component includes a clutch sleeve 16. The lower end of the clutch sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to a counterweight sleeve 18. The lower end of the counterweight sleeve 18 is provided with a wrench groove 51 for cooperating with the bolt. A push plate 17 is fixedly connected to one side of the wrench groove 51. The push plate 17 can push the bolt to rotate slightly during operation. When the corner of the hexagonal block at the upper end of the bolt does not correspond to the corner inside the wrench groove 51, the push plate 17 will push the bolt to the position that matches the wrench groove 51, thereby ensuring that the wrench groove 51 can be smoothly engaged with the counterweight sleeve 18.

[0043] The counterweight sleeve 18 has a positioning hole 23 on its upper end on the side away from the wrench groove 51. A fan blade 24 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod between the counterweight sleeve 18 and the clutch sleeve 16. A second clutch pulley 50 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the clutch sleeve 16. A circular hole communicating with the interior is opened on the upper end face of the clutch sleeve 16. The bottom shaft 25 passes through the circular hole at the upper end of the clutch sleeve 16. A first clutch pulley 49 that cooperates with the second clutch pulley 50 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bottom shaft 25. An air pump 53 is installed at the lower end of the inside of the housing 9. An air blowing pipe 52 is provided at the output end of the air pump 53. The outlet end of the air blowing pipe 52 is located on the bottom plate. The base plate 1 is located near the bottom shaft 25 and is used to cooperate with the fan blade 24 to drive the clutch sleeve 16 to rotate. The base plate 1 is also provided with a positioning component for positioning the counterweight sleeve 18 in cooperation with the positioning hole 23. During operation, the torque output of the counterweight sleeve 18 can be achieved by adjusting the pressure applied to the fixed torque cam 19 by the first spring 26. When rotating the bolt, the counterweight sleeve 18 can drive the bolt to rotate for tightening. When the bolt torque reaches the set torque, the fixed torque cam 19 will continuously separate from the fixed torque bar 22 under the action of the fixed torque cam 19 cam groove, interrupting the torque output, thereby ensuring the fixing torque of the bolt and preventing the bolt from being over-tightened.

[0044] The positioning component includes a hollow box 37, which is fixedly connected to the base plate 1 near the counterweight sleeve 18 by a bracket. A positioning insert plate 40 is slidably connected inside the hollow box 37. The lower end of the positioning insert plate 40 away from the hollow box 37 is inclined. An end roller 41 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the positioning insert plate 40 away from the hollow box 37. The lower end of the end roller 41 is conical. A second spring 39 is installed at both the upper and lower ends of the hollow box 37, located between the positioning insert plate 40 and the inner end face of the hollow box 37. An iron sheet 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning insert plate 40 away from the end roller 41. An electromagnet 38 is installed in the middle of the inner end face of the hollow box 37.

[0045] During operation, after the bolt is turned, the mounting box 5 is lifted, causing the counterweight sleeve 18 to separate from the bolt. After separation, the counterweight sleeve 18 moves upward and contacts the inclined surface of the positioning plate 40, causing the positioning plate 40 to retract into the hollow box 37. Then, after the positioning hole 23 rises to the position of the positioning plate 40, the positioning plate 40 will be inserted into the positioning hole 23 under the action of the second spring 39 to lock the counterweight sleeve 18, so that the opening of the counterweight sleeve 18 faces the next bolt that needs to be turned. When the positioning hole 23 and the positioning plate 40 are not on the same vertical line, the positioning plate 40 will not be inserted into the positioning hole 23 even if it is at the same height as the positioning hole 23. At this time, the air pump 53 outputs compressed gas to drive the fan blade 24 to rotate the counterweight sleeve 18. After the counterweight sleeve 18 rotates one revolution, the positioning plate 40 will inevitably be inserted into the positioning hole 23 to lock the counterweight sleeve 18.

[0046] The mounting box 5 is also equipped with a drive assembly for driving the friction transmission wheel 30 to rotate. The drive assembly includes a support frame 32, with two support frames 32 fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting box 5 near the center. A conical friction wheel 31 for cooperating with the friction transmission wheel 30 is rotatably connected to the inclined surface of the support frame 32. A reduction gear 33 is also installed on the connecting shaft of the conical friction wheel 31. A first motor 20 is also installed at the lower end of the inclined surface of the support frame 32. A motor gear 34 for driving the reduction gear 33 to rotate is installed at the output end of the first motor 20. During operation, the first motor 20 drives the motor gear 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the reduction gear 33 to rotate. The rotation of the reduction gear 33 drives the conical friction wheel 31 to rotate, which in turn drives the friction transmission wheel 30 to rotate. The rotation of the friction transmission wheel 30 achieves the rotation of the telescopic sleeve shaft 35.

[0047] Lifting wheels 13 are installed on the lower ends of both sides of the mounting box 5. A tension spring 14 is installed between the lower end of the mounting box 5 away from the chassis 9 and the base plate 1. The chassis 9 is provided with a lifting assembly for lifting the mounting box 5. The lifting assembly includes a handle 4, which is located on both sides of the chassis 9. The end of the handle 4 is rotatably connected to the chassis 9. A crossbar is fixedly connected between the diagonal bars of the handle 4. Bottom limit blocks 10 are fixedly connected to the lower ends of both sides of the chassis 9. During operation, after the bolt knob is turned, the worker moves the handle 4 upward to move the mounting box 5 upward. The mounting box 5 moves upward and hooks onto the locking assembly, which allows the counterweight sleeve 18 to disengage from the bolt. After disengagement, the base plate 1 can be moved.

[0048] The base plate 1 is also provided with a locking assembly for locking the raised mounting box 5; the locking assembly includes a vertical bracket 3, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate 1 near the mounting box 5. A hanging block 43 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the side of the mounting box 5 away from the chassis 9. A limiting top box 44 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting box 5. A locking strip 46 is slidably connected inside the limiting top box 44. The locking strip 46 has an oblique angle at the end near the mounting box 5 that cooperates with the hanging block 43. On the side, the locking bar 46 is fixedly connected to side sliders 48 on both sides of the limiting top box 44. The limiting top box 44 is equipped with third springs 47 on both sides inside. The end of the locking bar 46 away from the mounting box 5 is fixedly connected to a handle 45. In use, after the mounting box 5 moves upward, the hanging block 43 will hook onto the end of the locking bar 46 to lock the mounting box 5. When it is necessary to release, pull the handle 45 to retract the end of the locking bar 46 into the limiting top box 44 to release the mounting box 5.

[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During operation, the first track wheel 2 and the second track wheel 11 are placed on the rail, and then the device is moved by pushing the lever 4. When the wrench slot 51 is engaged with the hexagonal block at the upper end of the bolt, the handle 45 is pulled to retract the end of the locking strip 46 into the limiting top box 44, thereby releasing the mounting box 5. After release, the mounting box 5 will move downward under the action of gravity and the tension spring 14, causing the first clutch insert wheel 49 to engage with the second clutch insert wheel 50. Then, the first motor 20 is started. At the same time as starting, the electromagnet 38 works simultaneously, attracting the iron plate 42 to retract the positioning insert plate 40 into the hollow box 37. When the counterweight sleeve 18 is released from its lock, the first motor 20 drives the motor gear 34 to rotate. The motor gear 34 drives the reduction gear 33 to rotate, which in turn drives the conical friction wheel 31 to rotate. The conical friction wheel 31 then drives the friction transmission wheel 30 to rotate, which in turn drives the telescopic sleeve shaft 35 to rotate. The telescopic sleeve shaft 35 then drives the torsion cam 19, which in turn drives the bottom shaft 25. The bottom shaft 25 then drives the counterweight sleeve 18 to rotate, thus tightening the bolts. After tightening is complete, the first motor 20 is turned off. The machine 20 and electromagnet 38 are then used. The worker moves the lever 4 upwards, causing the mounting box 5 to move upwards. At this time, the second clutch wheel 50 separates from the first clutch wheel 49 under gravity. The mounting box 5 moves upwards and hooks onto the locking assembly, allowing the counterweight sleeve 18 to disengage from the bolt. After separation, the counterweight sleeve 18 moves upwards and contacts the inclined surface of the positioning plate 40, causing the positioning plate 40 to retract into the hollow box 37. Then, after the positioning hole 23 rises to the position of the positioning plate 40, the positioning plate 40, under the action of the second spring 39, inserts into the positioning hole 23, thus locking the counterweight sleeve 18. Locking ensures that the opening of the counterweight sleeve 18 faces the next bolt that needs to be turned. When the positioning hole 23 and the positioning plate 40 are not on the same vertical line, the positioning plate 40 will not be inserted into the positioning hole 23 even if it is at the same height as the positioning hole 23. At this time, the air pump 53 outputs compressed gas to drive the fan blade 24 to rotate the counterweight sleeve 18. After the counterweight sleeve 18 rotates one revolution, the positioning plate 40 will inevitably be inserted into the positioning hole 23 to lock the counterweight sleeve 18, thereby making the opening of the counterweight sleeve 18 face the next bolt that needs to be turned. Then, the equipment can be moved to the next bolt that needs to be turned.

[0050] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one technical solution. This method of description is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A railway electric bolting machine, comprising a base plate (1), wherein first track wheels (2) are mounted on both ends of the base plate (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the base plate (1) is fixedly connected to the housing (9). A track crossbeam (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the base plate (1). A second track wheel (11) is installed at the end of the track crossbeam (12) away from the base plate (1). Two limiting rails (7) are fixedly connected to one side of the housing (9). Sliding seats (54) are slidably connected to both limiting rails (7). An installation box (5) is installed between the two sliding seats (54). A rotating assembly for rotating bolts is provided inside the installation box (5). Lifting side wheels (13) are installed on both lower ends of the mounting box (5). A tension spring (14) is installed between the lower end of the mounting box (5) away from the chassis (9) and the base plate (1). A lifting assembly for lifting the mounting box (5) is provided on the chassis (9). The base plate (1) is also provided with a locking component for locking the raised mounting box (5); The mounting box (5) has a bottom shaft (25) rotatably connected to both sides of its lower end face. The bottom shaft (25) has a fixed torsion bar (22) that cooperates with the fixed torsion cam (19) fixedly connected to its upper end. The bottom shaft (25) is provided with a mating component for cooperating with bolts at its lower end. The mating assembly includes a clutch sleeve (16), a counterweight sleeve (18) fixedly connected to the lower end of the clutch sleeve (16), a wrench groove (51) for engaging with a bolt being opened at the lower end of the counterweight sleeve (18), a push plate (17) fixedly connected to one side of the wrench groove (51), a positioning hole (23) being opened at the upper end of the side of the counterweight sleeve (18) away from the wrench groove (51), a fan blade (24) fixedly connected to the connecting rod between the counterweight sleeve (18) and the clutch sleeve (16), a second clutch insert wheel (50) fixedly connected to the lower end face inside the clutch sleeve (16), and a positioning hole (23) being opened at the upper end face of the clutch sleeve (16) for engaging with the bolt. The bottom shaft (25) passes through the circular hole at the upper end of the clutch sleeve (16). The lower end of the bottom shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the first clutch wheel (49) that cooperates with the second clutch wheel (50). An air pump (53) is installed at the lower end of the machine box (9). The air pump (53) has an air blowing pipe (52) at its output end. The outlet end of the air blowing pipe (52) is located on the bottom plate (1) near the bottom shaft (25) and is used to cooperate with the fan blade (24) to drive the clutch sleeve (16) to rotate. The bottom plate (1) is also provided with a positioning component for positioning the counterweight sleeve (18) in cooperation with the positioning hole (23). The positioning component includes a hollow box (37), which is fixedly connected to the base plate (1) near the counterweight sleeve (18) by a bracket. A positioning plate (40) is slidably connected inside the hollow box (37). The lower end of the side of the positioning plate (40) away from the hollow box (37) is inclined. An end roller (41) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the side of the positioning plate (40) away from the hollow box (37). The lower end of the end roller (41) is conical. A second spring (39) is installed at both the upper and lower ends of the hollow box (37) between the positioning plate (40) and the inner end face of the hollow box (37). An iron sheet (42) is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate (40) away from the end roller (41). An electromagnet (38) is installed in the middle of the inner end face of the hollow box (37). The rotating assembly includes a telescopic sleeve shaft (35), which is rotatably connected to both sides inside the mounting box (5). A fixed torque cam (19) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35). A limit slide bar (36) is fixedly connected to the surface of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35). A rotating ring (21) is slidably connected to the lower end of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35). A first spring (26) is inserted between the rotating ring (21) and the fixed torque cam (19) of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35). A sliding sleeve (28) is slidably connected to the upper end of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35). A friction transmission wheel (30) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve (28). Adjustment assemblies for adjusting the positions of the sliding sleeve (28) and the rotating ring (21) are provided on both sides inside the mounting box (5). The mounting box (5) is also equipped with a drive assembly for driving the friction transmission wheel (30) to rotate. The adjustment assembly includes a bidirectional screw (15), which is rotatably connected to both sides inside the mounting box (5). A first push plate (27) is threaded on the lower end of the bidirectional screw (15), and the first push plate (27) is rotatably connected to the rotating ring (21). A second push plate (29) is threaded on the upper end of the bidirectional screw (15), and the second push plate (29) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the sliding sleeve (28). Limiting rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the threads of the bidirectional screw (15). A second motor (6) for driving the bidirectional screw (15) to rotate is provided on both sides of the upper surface of the mounting box (5).

2. The electric bolting machine for railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a support frame (32), and two support frames (32) are fixedly connected inside the mounting box (5) near the center. A conical friction wheel (31) for cooperating with the friction transmission wheel (30) is rotatably connected on the inclined surface of the support frame (32). A reduction gear (33) is also installed on the connecting shaft of the conical friction wheel (31). A first motor (20) is also installed at the lower end of the inclined surface of the support frame (32). A motor gear (34) for driving the reduction gear (33) to rotate is installed at the output end of the first motor (20).

3. The electric bolt machine for railways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a handle (4), which is located on both sides of the housing (9). The end of the handle (4) is rotatably connected to the housing (9). A crossbar is fixedly connected between the diagonal bars of the handle (4). Bottom limit blocks (10) are fixedly connected to the lower ends of both sides of the housing (9).

4. The electric bolting machine for railways according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking assembly includes a vertical bracket (3), which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base plate (1) near the mounting box (5). A hanging block (43) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting box (5) away from the chassis (9). A limiting top box (44) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting box (5). A locking strip (46) is slidably connected inside the limiting top box (44). The locking strip (46) has an inclined surface that cooperates with the hanging block (43) at one end near the mounting box (5). Side sliders (48) are fixedly connected to both sides of the locking strip (46) at both ends of the limiting top box (44). A third spring (47) is installed on both sides inside the limiting top box (44). A handle (45) is fixedly connected to the end of the locking strip (46) away from the mounting box (5).

5. A railway electric bolting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the chassis (9) is equipped with a controller (8), and the upper part of the chassis (9) is equipped with a storage battery for power supply. The storage battery, the second motor (6), the first motor (20), the air pump (53) and the electromagnet (38) are all electrically connected to the controller (8).

6. A method of using the electric bolt machine for railways as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: During operation, place the first track wheel (2) and the second track wheel (11) on the rail, and then push the equipment to move by using the lever (4). When the wrench slot (51) is engaged with the hexagonal block at the top of the bolt, pull the handle (45) to retract the end of the locking strip (46) into the limiting top box (44), thereby releasing the mounting box (5). After release, the mounting box (5) will move downward under the action of gravity and the tension spring (14), so that the first clutch insert (49) and the second clutch insert (50) are engaged. Then start the first motor (20). At the same time as starting, the electromagnet (38) works simultaneously, attracting the iron plate (42) to retract the positioning insert (40) into the hollow box (37). When the internal lock on the counterweight sleeve (18) is released, the first motor (20) will drive the motor gear (34) to rotate. The motor gear (34) can drive the reduction gear (33) to rotate. The rotation of the reduction gear (33) can drive the conical friction wheel (31) to rotate. The rotation of the conical friction wheel (31) can drive the friction transmission wheel (30) to rotate. The rotation of the friction transmission wheel (30) realizes the rotation of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35). The rotation of the telescopic sleeve shaft (35) drives the fixed torsion cam (19). The rotation of the fixed torsion cam (19) drives the bottom shaft (25). The bottom shaft (25) drives the counterweight sleeve (18) to rotate. The rotation of the counterweight sleeve (18) realizes the tightening of the bolt. Step 2: After tightening, turn off the first motor (20) and electromagnet (38). Then, the worker lifts the lever (4) upwards, causing the mounting box (5) to move upwards. At this time, the second clutch wheel (50) separates from the first clutch wheel (49) under the action of gravity. The mounting box (5) moves upwards and hooks onto the locking assembly, which allows the counterweight sleeve (18) to disengage from the bolt. After separation, the counterweight sleeve (18) moves upwards and contacts the inclined surface of the positioning plate (40), causing the positioning plate (40) to retract into the hollow box (37). Then, after the positioning hole (23) rises to the position of the positioning plate (40), the positioning plate (40) will be inserted into the positioning hole (23) under the action of the second spring (39). To lock the counterweight sleeve (18), the opening of the counterweight sleeve (18) is directed toward the next bolt that needs to be turned. When the positioning hole (23) and the positioning plate (40) are not on the same vertical line, the positioning plate (40) and the positioning hole (23) will not be inserted into the positioning hole (23) even if they are at the same height. At this time, the air pump (53) outputs compressed gas to drive the fan blade (24) to rotate the counterweight sleeve (18). After the counterweight sleeve (18) has rotated one revolution, the positioning plate (40) will inevitably be inserted into the positioning hole (23) to lock the counterweight sleeve (18), thereby making the opening of the counterweight sleeve (18) face the next bolt that needs to be turned. Then, the equipment can be moved to the next bolt that needs to be turned.

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