An active pressure relief mechanism and hydrogen refueling gun

Abstract

This invention discloses an active pressure relief mechanism and a hydrogen refueling gun. The active pressure relief mechanism includes a housing, an inner core, and a rotating shaft. The inner core is inserted into the housing and has an intake channel and a pressure relief channel. The intake channel and the pressure relief channel each have a control device for their opening and closing. The rotating shaft is inserted into the housing and can rotate. Two cam structures are circumferentially arranged on the rotating shaft, respectively cooperating with the devices in the intake channel and the pressure relief channel to control their opening and closing. The rotating shaft also has a middle channel. As the rotating shaft rotates, the middle channel connects the intake channel portion away from the gas source and the pressure relief channel, or disconnects the connection between the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. The hydrogen refueling gun, including the above-mentioned active pressure relief mechanism, provides reliable sealing during hydrogen refueling, ensures complete and safe removal of residual hydrogen, and is simple and reliable to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas filling devices, specifically, it relates to an active pressure relief mechanism and a hydrogen filling gun. Background Technology

[0002] Developing new energy sources is a trend pursued by society today, and fuel cells, which are pollution-free, are a trend in the development of new energy.

[0003] Fuel cells operate through electrochemical reactions, rather than through combustion (gasoline, diesel) or energy storage (batteries)—the most typical traditional backup power solutions. Combustion releases pollutants such as COx, NOx, SOx gases, and particulate matter. As mentioned above, fuel cells only produce water and heat. If hydrogen is produced from renewable energy sources (photovoltaic panels, wind power, etc.), the entire cycle is a completely harmless emission process.

[0004] Hydrogen is a low-molecular-weight gas with an explosive limit range of 4.1% to 74.2% by volume concentration. It is extremely prone to explosion, causing safety accidents. Currently, the hydrogen refueling gun market offers two pressure levels: 35MPa and 70MPa. Higher pressures require higher sealing and safety standards. In addition to meeting pressure resistance requirements, zero-leakage airtightness is also necessary. The materials used in hydrogen refueling guns must meet the requirements of high pressure resistance and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. The sealing materials must also be self-lubricating and have a high molecular structure.

[0005] However, the existing technology has the following problems: the hydrogen refueling process requires high reliability and sealing, the residual hydrogen needs to be completely and safely released, the hydrogen refueling machine is complex to operate when refueling hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and common hydrogen refueling mechanical transmissions have reverse delays that result in low reliability.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an active pressure relief mechanism and hydrogen refueling gun that is reliably sealed, can completely and safely remove residual hydrogen, and is simple to operate and more reliable.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An active pressure relief mechanism includes a housing, an inner core, and a rotating shaft.

[0010] The inner core is inserted into the outer shell. The inner core has an air intake channel and a pressure relief channel. Both the air intake and pressure relief channels are equipped with devices to control their opening and closing.

[0011] The rotating shaft is inserted into the housing and can rotate. The rotating shaft has two cam structures circumferentially arranged to cooperate with the device in the intake channel and the device in the pressure relief channel to control the opening and closing of the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. The rotating shaft is also provided with an intermediate channel. As the rotating shaft rotates, the intermediate channel connects the intake channel part away from the air source and the pressure relief channel at the blockage point in the intake channel, or disconnects the connection between the intake channel and the pressure relief channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the intake passage and the pressure relief passage are arranged vertically and in the same direction, and the rotating shaft is arranged along the direction of the intake passage and the pressure relief passage. A cam structure is set on the upper and lower sides of the shaft along its circumference to control the opening and closing of the intake passage and the pressure relief passage respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the cam structure includes a groove along the circumference of the rotation axis, the length of the groove bottom from the axis of rotation gradually changes, and the deepest part of the groove bottom of the two cam structures is located on opposite sides of the rotation axis.

[0014] Furthermore, the intermediate channel on the rotating shaft includes a through hole and an oblique hole. The through hole is arranged radially along the rotating shaft, and the oblique hole connects the through hole with the groove of the cam structure that controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief channel.

[0015] The inner core is also provided with a second air intake channel, which is located between the air intake channel and the pressure relief channel. One end of the second air intake channel is connected to the air intake channel part away from the air source from the blocking point in the air intake channel, and the other end extends toward the rotating shaft. When the rotating shaft rotates so that the deepest part of the groove bottom of any cam structure is aligned with the air intake channel or the pressure relief channel, the other end of the second air intake channel is aligned and connected with the through hole on the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the two cam structures are located on both sides of the longitudinal section of the rotation axis, perpendicular to the center line of the through hole in the intermediate channel on the rotation axis.

[0017] Furthermore, along the circumferential direction of the rotation axis, the groove depths of the two cam structures exhibit opposite trends, with one groove depth gradually increasing and the other groove depth gradually decreasing.

[0018] Furthermore, the feature is that: a push rod and an intake pipe are arranged along the axial direction in the intake channel, the intake pipe is fixedly arranged, the push rod can move axially, one end of the push rod cooperates with the cam structure on the rotating shaft that controls the opening and closing of the intake channel, and the other end rotates with the rotating shaft and separates from the intake pipe to open the intake channel or to block the intake channel by pushing against the intake pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the end of the push rod adjacent to the rotating shaft is curved, or a ball bearing is inlaid at this end of the push rod to contact the cam structure on the rotating shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure relief channel is equipped with an air guide pipe, disc spring, exhaust seat, exhaust pipe, and compression spring.

[0021] The air guide pipe, exhaust seat, and exhaust pipe are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the pressure relief channel. The air guide pipe and exhaust seat can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief channel, while the exhaust pipe is fixedly installed. One end of the air guide pipe is in contact with the cam structure on the rotating shaft that controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief channel, and the other end is adjacent to the exhaust seat and rotates with the rotating shaft to separate from the exhaust seat to open the pressure relief channel or to block the pressure relief channel by abutting against the exhaust seat. The outer circumference of the air guide pipe is a stepped shaft, and the inside of the pressure relief channel is a stepped hole. A disc spring is sleeved on the side of the outer step of the air guide pipe that is away from the rotating shaft, and the other end of the disc spring abuts against the step inside the pressure relief channel. A compression spring is installed between the exhaust seat and the exhaust pipe.

[0022] The hydrogen refueling gun includes the active pressure relief mechanism described in any of the above, and also includes an exhaust passage. One end of the exhaust passage is located in the housing. When the rotating shaft rotates so that the deepest part of the groove bottom of any cam structure is aligned with the intake passage or the pressure relief passage, this end of the exhaust passage is aligned with and connected to the through hole on the rotating shaft and connected to the second intake passage.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0024] This invention discloses an active pressure relief mechanism and a hydrogen refueling gun. The active pressure relief mechanism includes a housing, an inner core, and a rotating shaft. The inner core is inserted into the housing and has an intake channel and a pressure relief channel. The intake channel and the pressure relief channel are equipped with devices for controlling their opening and closing. The rotating shaft is inserted into the housing and can rotate. Two cam structures are circumferentially arranged on the rotating shaft, respectively cooperating with the devices in the intake channel and the pressure relief channel to control their opening and closing. The rotating shaft also has a middle channel. As the rotating shaft rotates, the middle channel connects the intake channel portion away from the gas source and the pressure relief channel, or disconnects the connection between the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. The hydrogen refueling gun, including the above-mentioned active pressure relief mechanism, provides reliable sealing during hydrogen refueling, ensures complete and safe removal of residual hydrogen, and is simple and reliable to operate.

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen refueling gun, which includes an active pressure relief mechanism, during gas refueling according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen refueling gun, which includes an active depressurization mechanism, during depressurization according to the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Inner core; 3. O-ring; 4. Intake pipe; 5. Exhaust pipe; 6. Compression spring; 7. Exhaust seat; 8. Air guide pipe; 9. Disc spring; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Push rod; 12. Ball bearing; 13. Compression nut; 14. Cam cover; 15. Screw; 16. Second intake channel; 17. Through hole.

[0030] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides an active pressure relief mechanism, comprising a housing 1, an inner core 2, and a rotating shaft 10.

[0036] The inner core 2 is inserted laterally into the outer shell 1. An air intake channel and a pressure relief channel are laterally provided on the inner core 2. The air intake channel and the pressure relief channel are arranged vertically and in the same direction. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 1 , 2As shown, the intake passage is at the top, and the pressure relief passage is at the bottom. Both the intake and pressure relief passages are equipped with devices to control their operation.

[0037] The rotating shaft 10 is inserted longitudinally into the housing 1 along the arrangement direction of the intake channel and the pressure relief channel and can rotate. The rotating shaft 10 is provided with a cam structure on each of its upper and lower sides along its circumference, which cooperates with the device in the intake channel and the device in the pressure relief channel to control the opening and closing of the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. That is, the two cam structures on the rotating shaft 10 control the action of the device in the intake channel and the pressure relief channel respectively, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the intake channel and the pressure relief channel.

[0038] The cam structure includes a groove along the circumference of the rotation axis 10. The length of the groove bottom from the axis of the rotation axis 10 gradually changes, that is, the groove depth gradually changes, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the deepest part of the groove bottom of the two cam structures is located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft 10.

[0039] A push rod 11 and an intake pipe 4 are arranged axially in the intake channel. The intake pipe 4 is fixed, while the push rod 11 can move axially. One end of the push rod 11 engages with a cam structure on the rotating shaft 10 that controls the opening and closing of the intake channel. The other end rotates with the rotating shaft 10, allowing this end of the push rod 11 to separate from the intake pipe 4, thus opening the intake channel, or to press against the intake pipe 4, thus blocking the intake channel. To improve the sealing effect, an O-ring 3 is provided as a sealing ring at the end of the push rod 11 adjacent to the intake pipe 4. The push rod 11 is a stepped shaft, and its outer step engages with the step inside the intake channel, limiting the push rod 11 to move a certain distance toward the rotating shaft 10. When the rotating shaft 10 rotates, it pushes the push rod 11 toward the intake pipe 4 and blocks the intake pipe 4. This blockage point is the obstruction point in the intake channel. The intake pipe is hollow, while the push rod 11 is solid. When air is intakeed, gas flows into the intake channel from the intake pipe.

[0040] To reduce friction and ensure smooth operation, the end of the push rod 11 adjacent to the rotating shaft 10 is curved, or a ball bearing 12 is embedded at this end of the push rod 11 to contact the cam structure on the rotating shaft 10. In this embodiment, a ball bearing 12 is embedded at this end of the push rod 11 to contact the cam structure on the rotating shaft 10.

[0041] The rotating shaft 10 is also provided with an intermediate channel. As the rotating shaft 10 rotates, the intermediate channel connects the intake channel portion away from the air source and the pressure relief channel at the blockage point in the intake channel, or disconnects the connection between the intake channel and the pressure relief channel.

[0042] The intermediate channel on the rotating shaft 10 includes a through hole 17 and an oblique hole. The through hole 17 is arranged radially through the rotating shaft 10, and the oblique hole connects the through hole 17 with the groove of the cam structure that controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief channel.

[0043] In this embodiment, the inner core 2 is further provided with a second air intake channel 16, which is located between the air intake channel and the pressure relief channel. One end of the second air intake channel 16 connects to the air intake channel portion facing away from the air source at the blocking point in the air intake channel, and the other end extends toward the rotating shaft 10. When the rotating shaft 10 rotates so that the deepest part of the groove bottom of any cam structure on the rotating shaft 10 is aligned with the air intake channel or the pressure relief channel, the other end of the second air intake channel is aligned and connected with the through hole on the rotating shaft 10. In this way, the middle channel on the rotating shaft 10 is connected to the air intake channel portion facing away from the air source at the blocking point in the air intake channel through the second air intake channel.

[0044] The two cam structures are located on both sides of the rotating shaft 10, and the groove depth changes in opposite directions. That is, taking the longitudinal section of the rotating shaft perpendicular to the center line of the through hole in the middle channel on the rotating shaft, the two cam structures on the rotating shaft 10 are located on both sides of this longitudinal section; and the groove depth of the two cam structures changes in opposite directions, that is, along the circumference of the rotating shaft, the groove depth of one groove gradually increases, and the groove depth of the other groove gradually decreases.

[0045] The pressure relief channel is equipped with an air guide pipe 8, a disc spring 9, an exhaust seat 7, an exhaust pipe 5, and a compression spring 6. The air guide pipe 8, the exhaust seat 7, and the exhaust pipe 5 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the pressure relief channel. The air guide pipe 8 and the exhaust seat 7 can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief channel, while the exhaust pipe 5 is fixedly installed.

[0046] One end of the air duct 8 is in contact with the cam structure on the rotating shaft 10 that controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief channel, and the other end is adjacent to the exhaust seat 7 and rotates with the rotating shaft 10 to separate from the exhaust seat 7 to open the pressure relief channel or to block the pressure relief channel by pressing against the exhaust seat 7.

[0047] The outer periphery of the air guide tube 8 is a stepped shaft, and the interior of the pressure relief channel is a stepped hole. A disc spring 9 is sleeved on the side of the outer step of the air guide tube 8 that is away from the rotating shaft 10, and the other end of the disc spring 9 abuts against the step inside the pressure relief channel.

[0048] A compression spring 6 is installed between the exhaust seat 7 and the exhaust pipe 5.

[0049] Both the air guide pipe 8 and the exhaust pipe 5 are hollow, while the exhaust seat 7 is solid but its external dimensions are smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure relief channel at its location. When the exhaust seat 7 comes into contact with the air guide pipe 8, it blocks the air guide pipe 8 to block the pressure relief channel. During pressure relief, gas flows from the air guide pipe 8 into the pressure relief channel, bypasses the exhaust seat 7, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 5.

[0050] A clamping nut 13 is provided on the upper part of the rotating shaft 10 to fix the rotating shaft 10 to the outer casing 1. A cam cover 14 and a handle are provided on the top of the rotating shaft 10, and the three are connected by screws 15. When the handle is turned, it can drive the rotating shaft 10 and the cam cover 14 to rotate.

[0051] The active pressure relief mechanism of this invention is used in gas refueling equipment, and its working process is described in the description of the active pressure relief mechanism in the hydrogen refueling gun in Example 2.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The hydrogen refueling gun includes the aforementioned active pressure relief mechanism and also includes an exhaust passage. One end of the exhaust passage is located in the housing 1. When the rotating shaft 10 rotates so that the deepest part of the groove bottom of any cam structure is aligned with the intake passage or the pressure relief passage, this end of the exhaust passage is aligned with the through hole 17 on the rotating shaft 10 and connected to the second intake passage 16. The other end of the exhaust passage is located at the hydrogen refueling gun head, which is connected to the device to be refueled.

[0054] Before refueling, the hydrogen refueling gun is in a state of... Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, push rod 11 abuts against intake pipe 4, thus blocking the intake passage and preventing hydrogen from entering the hydrogen refueling gun from the high-pressure hose connected to intake pipe 4. Under the action of disc spring 9, the guide pipe 8 in the lower pressure relief passage enters the groove in the cam structure on the rotating shaft at one end, separating the guide pipe 8 from the exhaust seat 7, keeping the pressure relief passage unobstructed. The space inside the hydrogen refueling gun is connected to the hose connected to exhaust pipe 5, maintaining a low-pressure state inside the hydrogen refueling gun.

[0055] During refueling, the operator rotates the cam cover 14 using a handle, which in turn rotates the intermediate rotating shaft 10 via screws and limiting holes on the cam cover 14. The lower cam structure of the rotating shaft 10 first pushes the vent pipe 8 into the exhaust seat 7, causing them to abut against each other. The compression spring 6 provides support to the exhaust seat 7, ensuring sufficient sealing force even under high pressure, allowing the exhaust seat 7 to block the vent pipe 8 and thus the pressure relief channel, separating the space inside the hydrogen refueling gun from the exhaust pipe 5. Continuing to rotate the cam cover 14 and the rotating shaft 10 using the handle, the deepest groove of the cam structure at the upper end of the rotating shaft 10 aligns with the push rod 11. Under the action of the high-pressure medium inside the intake pipe 4, the push rod 11, along with the ball bearing 12, is tightly pressed against the rotating shaft 10. At this time, the state inside the gun is as follows... Figure 1 As shown, the push rod is separated from the air intake pipe 4, the air intake channel is unobstructed, one end of the second air intake channel is connected to the air intake channel, and the other end of the second air intake channel is aligned and connected to the through hole 17 on the rotating shaft 10. The exhaust channel is also aligned and connected to the through hole 17 on the rotating shaft 10 and connected to the second air intake channel 16, thereby achieving unobstructed flow from the air intake channel to the hydrogen refueling nozzle. The hydrogen refueling nozzle is connected to the equipment to be refueled. The hydrogen refueling machine is connected to the equipment to be refueled through the hose, air intake pipe 4 and the hydrogen refueling nozzle to achieve hydrogen refueling of the equipment to be refueled, while the pressure relief channel is blocked.

[0056] After hydrogen refueling is completed, the hydrogen pressure in the inlet pipe 4 and the hydrogen pressure in the refueling gun are balanced. The handle is then rotated in the opposite direction, which in turn rotates the cam cover 14 and the rotating shaft 10. The rotating shaft 10 pushes the ball bearing 12 to move the push rod 11 to the right until the O-ring 3 on the push rod and the inlet pipe 4 are sealed together, thus blocking the inlet passage. The handle is then rotated in the opposite direction again, and the deepest groove in the cam structure at the lower end of the rotating shaft 10 aligns with the gas guide pipe 8. Under the action of the disc spring 9, the gas guide pipe 8 disengages from the exhaust seat 7, opening the pressure relief passage and releasing the high-pressure hydrogen in the refueling gun. Once the pressure inside the gun is completely released, the refueling gun can be disconnected from the hydrogen refueling port of the equipment to be refueled, completing the entire hydrogen refueling process.

[0057] Appendix Figure 1 , 2 This refers to the rear half of the hydrogen refueling gun; the front half of the hydrogen refueling gun has the same structure as described in CN202110555426.3. Figure 1 The structure on the left side of the cam cover is the same as that in this invention. The hydrogen refueling gun also includes the filling end, sliding sleeve, one-way valve core, filling tube, chuck, limiting mechanism, and limiting ring as described in CN202110555426.3. The structure and operation process are the same and will not be described again. The cam cover in this invention is also convex, which can achieve the same function as the cam cover in CN202110555426.3 in pushing the sliding sleeve 1 to slide axially.

[0058] The hydrogen refueling gun of this invention is a Type A hydrogen refueling gun as specified in the national standard. At all times, the refueling hose connected to the Type A hydrogen refueling gun carries high-pressure hydrogen, and the inlet pipe 4 is always kept under high pressure. Therefore, the hydrogen refueling gun needs to have one or more integrated valves inside.

[0059] This invention discloses an active pressure relief mechanism and a hydrogen refueling gun. The active pressure relief mechanism includes a housing, an inner core, and a rotating shaft. The inner core is inserted into the housing and has an intake channel and a pressure relief channel. The intake channel and the pressure relief channel are equipped with devices for controlling their opening and closing. The rotating shaft is inserted into the housing and can rotate. Two cam structures are circumferentially arranged on the rotating shaft, respectively cooperating with the devices in the intake channel and the pressure relief channel to control their opening and closing. The rotating shaft also has a middle channel. As the rotating shaft rotates, the middle channel connects the intake channel portion away from the gas source and the pressure relief channel, or disconnects the connection between the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. The hydrogen refueling gun, including the above-mentioned active pressure relief mechanism, provides reliable sealing during hydrogen refueling, ensures complete and safe removal of residual hydrogen, and is simple and reliable to operate.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can also be further combined or replaced. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active pressure relief mechanism, characterized in that: Includes outer shell, inner core, and rotating shaft. The inner core is inserted into the outer shell. The inner core has an air intake channel and a pressure relief channel. Both the air intake and pressure relief channels are equipped with devices to control their opening and closing. The rotating shaft is inserted into the housing and can rotate. The rotating shaft is circumferentially equipped with two cam structures that cooperate with the devices in the intake channel and the pressure relief channel to control the opening and closing of the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. The rotating shaft is also equipped with an intermediate channel. As the rotating shaft rotates, the intermediate channel connects the intake channel part away from the air source and the pressure relief channel at the blockage point in the intake channel, or disconnects the connection between the intake channel and the pressure relief channel. The intake passage and the pressure relief passage are arranged vertically and in the same direction. The rotating shaft is arranged along the direction of the intake passage and the pressure relief passage. A cam structure is set on the upper and lower sides of the shaft along its circumference to control the opening and closing of the intake passage and the pressure relief passage respectively. The cam structure includes a groove along the circumference of the rotation axis, the length of the groove bottom from the axis of rotation gradually changes, and the deepest part of the groove bottom of the two cam structures is located on opposite sides of the rotation axis; The intermediate channel on the rotating shaft includes a through hole and an oblique hole. The through hole is arranged radially along the rotating shaft, and the oblique hole connects the through hole with the groove of the cam structure that controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief channel. The inner core also has a second air intake channel, which is located between the air intake channel and the pressure relief channel. One end of the second air intake channel connects to the portion of the air intake channel away from the air source, which is blocked by the air intake point, and the other end extends towards the rotation axis. When the rotating shaft rotates so that the deepest part of the groove bottom of any cam structure is aligned with the intake passage or the pressure relief passage, the other end of the second intake passage is aligned and connected with the through hole on the rotating shaft.

2. The active pressure relief mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two cam structures are located on either side of the longitudinal section of the rotating shaft, which is perpendicular to the center line of the through hole in the middle channel.

3. The active pressure relief mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the circumferential direction of the rotation axis, the groove depths of the two cam structures exhibit opposite trends: one groove depth gradually increases, while the other groove depth gradually decreases.

4. The active pressure relief mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A push rod and an intake pipe are arranged along the axial direction of the intake passage. The intake pipe is fixed, and the push rod can move axially. One end of the push rod is engaged with the cam structure on the rotating shaft that controls the opening and closing of the intake channel, and the other end rotates with the rotating shaft to separate from the intake pipe to open the intake channel or to block the intake channel by pushing against the intake pipe.

5. The active pressure relief mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the push rod adjacent to the rotating shaft is curved, or a ball bearing is inlaid at this end of the push rod to contact the cam structure on the rotating shaft.

6. The active pressure relief mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel is equipped with an air guide pipe, disc spring, exhaust seat, exhaust pipe, and compression spring. The air guide pipe, exhaust seat and exhaust pipe are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the pressure relief channel. The air guide pipe and exhaust seat can move along the axial direction of the pressure relief channel, while the exhaust pipe is fixedly installed. One end of the air duct contacts the cam structure on the rotating shaft that controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief passage, while the other end is adjacent to the exhaust seat and rotates with the rotating shaft to separate from the exhaust seat, either opening the pressure relief passage or pressing against the exhaust seat to block the pressure relief passage. The outer circumference of the air duct is a stepped shaft, and the interior of the pressure relief channel is a stepped hole. A disc spring is fitted onto the side of the outer step of the air duct that faces away from the rotation axis, and the other end of the disc spring abuts against the step inside the pressure relief channel. A compression spring is installed between the exhaust seat and the exhaust pipe.

7. A hydrogen refueling gun, characterized in that: The active pressure relief mechanism according to any one of claims 1-6 further includes an exhaust passage, one end of which is located in the housing. When the rotating shaft rotates to align the deepest part of the groove bottom of any cam structure with the intake passage or the pressure relief passage, this end of the exhaust passage is aligned with and connected to the through hole on the rotating shaft and connected to the second intake passage.

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