An automatic pressure equalization device for confined space mating surfaces

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of automated assembly technology, and specifically relates to an automatic pressure equalization device for mating surfaces in a confined space. It includes a tooling drive system, a tooling transmission hub system, a sliding clamping system, and a tooling guide frame. The tooling drive system, tooling transmission hub system, and sliding clamping system are sequentially connected and driven. The sliding clamping system is supported and guided by the tooling guide frame. The tooling drive system transmits power to the sliding clamping system through the tooling transmission hub system, realizing the clamping operation of the sliding clamping system. This invention can automatically perform the clamping operation and can detect the temperature and pressure values ​​of the clamping points in real time. It features a high degree of automation and high motion accuracy, avoiding human error. Compared with existing processes, it improves the efficiency and accuracy of clamping at the installation edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automated assembly technology, and specifically relates to an automatic pressure equalization device for mating surfaces in a confined space. Background Technology

[0002] In the core of an aero-engine, the high-pressure rotor is mainly composed of a high-pressure compressor rotor and a high-pressure turbine rotor. The mounting edge of a certain stage disk of the high-pressure compressor rotor is positioned with the adjacent disk using a stop joint. The connection process typically uses a cold-fit method. After the interference fit assembly, the temperature at the interference fit point needs to be monitored in real time. Once the temperature returns to the set temperature, the cold fit is considered complete. Currently, manual contact / non-contact temperature probes are used for non-real-time temperature measurement. Furthermore, the clamping force can only be applied by tightening pre-set nuts and bolts, resulting in low accuracy, poor efficiency, and uneven force at the clamping points. Therefore, an automatic pressure-equalizing clamping device is needed, which requires real-time monitoring of the clamping temperature and pressure to meet the high-precision assembly requirements of aero-engines.

[0003] During the assembly of the high-pressure rotor, the main assembly processes are completed sequentially, including bolt pre-installation, component docking, and tightening. Before tightening the bolts, the mounting edge needs to be clamped. The internal tightening space of the high-pressure rotor varies depending on the engine model, but all are characterized by a narrow and elongated spatial layout. The axial depth distance of the mounting edge relative to the rear shaft port of the high-pressure turbine rotor is 600-800mm. The inner diameter of the channel of the rear shaft of the high-pressure turbine rotor is φ90-150mm, and the diameter of the mounting edge is φ230-400mm. This presents challenges for the clamping mechanism, such as a long feed channel, small tightening space, and interference in multiple areas. Currently, the main method used in China is to tighten the bolts on the installation side using fixed tooling and to use thermocouples for temperature detection. The process relies heavily on manual operation, and there are no successful cases of automated tightening equipment. The following shortcomings exist: (1) Poor consistency of pressure quality: The method of manually operating mechanical tooling to pre-tighten nuts has the problem of inconsistent pressure after tightening the nuts, which cannot guarantee the consistency of the pressure at the clamping point; this leads to uneven deformation of the installation side due to inconsistent load, affecting the clamping quality; (2) Low clamping accuracy: The clamping process cannot achieve closed-loop detection of temperature and pressure, resulting in large errors and making it difficult to analyze the impact of clamping force and temperature changes on the clamping effect, and it is impossible to further evaluate the direction of upgrading the clamping process; (3) Low assembly efficiency: The existing method requires a lot of time to manually tighten the nuts, measure the temperature of the installation side, and measure the pressure between the installation sides, which is very inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an automatic pressure equalization device for confined space mating surfaces, thereby solving the problems of poor consistency in pressure application quality, low clamping accuracy, and low assembly efficiency in manual operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides an automatic pressure equalization device for confined space mating surfaces, including a tooling drive system, a tooling transmission hub system, a sliding clamping system, and a tooling guide frame. The tooling drive system, the tooling transmission hub system, and the sliding clamping system are sequentially connected by transmission. The sliding clamping system is supported and guided by the tooling guide frame. The tooling drive system transmits power to the sliding clamping system through the tooling transmission hub system to realize the clamping operation of the sliding clamping system.

[0007] The sliding clamping system includes an upper sliding clamping mechanism, a middle waist support mechanism, a lower sliding support mechanism, and a bidirectional drive mechanism. The bidirectional drive mechanism is connected to the tooling transmission hub system. The upper sliding clamping mechanism, the middle waist support mechanism, and the lower sliding support mechanism are connected in sequence and are located outside the bidirectional drive mechanism. The bidirectional drive mechanism is used to drive the upper sliding clamping mechanism and the lower sliding support mechanism to clamp or release synchronously.

[0008] The bidirectional drive mechanism includes a sliding nut, a lower sliding nut, and a bidirectional screw. The upper end of the bidirectional screw is connected to the tooling transmission hub system, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the tooling guide frame. The upper sliding nut and the lower sliding nut are respectively connected to two reverse threads on the bidirectional screw.

[0009] The mid-waist support mechanism includes a mid-waist support block, which is rotatably sleeved on the middle of the bidirectional lead screw and fixedly connected to the tooling guide frame.

[0010] The upper sliding pressing mechanism includes at least two linkage mechanisms arranged symmetrically; the linkage mechanism includes upper folding linkage I, upper folding linkage II and upper folding linkage III that are hinged in sequence, wherein upper folding linkage III is hinged to the middle waist support block and upper folding linkage I is hinged to the upper sliding nut.

[0011] The lower sliding support mechanism and the upper sliding pressing mechanism have the same structure and are mirror images of each other on both sides of the middle waist support block.

[0012] The upper folding link III serves as the clamping link for performing clamping. The clamping point end integrates a temperature and pressure sensor, which can detect the temperature and pressure values ​​of the clamping point in real time in a closed loop.

[0013] The tooling guide frame includes a bottom fixed block, a bottom support bearing seat, and multiple guide optical shafts. The bottom support bearing seat is rotatably connected to the lower end of the bidirectional lead screw. The bottom fixed block is disposed on the bottom support bearing seat and is connected to the tooling drive system through multiple guide optical shafts. The upper sliding nut and the lower sliding nut are slidably engaged with the guide optical shafts.

[0014] The tooling transmission hub system includes a torque transmission spindle and a fixed drum. The torque transmission spindle is rotatably installed inside the fixed drum, and its upper end is connected to the tooling drive system. The lower end of the torque transmission spindle is connected to the bidirectional drive mechanism.

[0015] The torque transmission spindle is provided with a protective sleeve on its outer side.

[0016] The tooling drive system includes a servo motor and reducer, a tooling connection plate and a flange assembly, wherein the output end of the servo motor and reducer is connected to the lower flange assembly at the upper end of the torque transmission spindle through the upper flange assembly; the housing of the servo motor and reducer is connected to the rear axle of the engine through the tooling connection plate.

[0017] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an automatic pressure equalization device for confined space mating surfaces. It uses a servo motor to output stable torque as the power source and a bidirectional lead screw built into the transmission hub as the power conversion mechanism. This converts the rotational torque into the clamping force of the upper and lower sliding clamping system. Furthermore, the clamping points of the upper and lower sliding clamping system are equipped with miniature temperature and pressure sensors. Therefore, this invention can automatically perform the clamping operation and detect the temperature / pressure values ​​of the clamping points in real time. This invention uses a human-machine interface touch panel to operate the CNC system, which features a high degree of automation and high motion accuracy, avoiding human error. Compared with existing processes, it improves the efficiency and accuracy of edge clamping. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an automatic pressure equalization device for a confined space mating surface according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an automatic pressure equalization device for a confined space mating surface according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of an automatic pressure equalization device for a confined space mating surface according to the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Tooling drive system; 2. Tooling connecting plate; 3. Tooling transmission hub system; 4. Upper sliding clamping mechanism; 5. Mid-waist support mechanism; 6. Lower sliding support mechanism; 7. Tooling guide frame; 8. Servo motor and reducer; 9. Upper flange assembly; 10. Lower flange assembly; 11. Bearing end cover; 12. Upper bearing seat assembly; 13. Tooling connecting upper plate; 14. Tooling connecting transition plate; 15. Torque transmission spindle; 16. Fixture. 17. Drum cylinder, 18. Protective cylinder, 19. Lower bearing housing assembly, 20. Lower transition flange I, 21. Lower transition flange II, 22. Upper sliding nut, 23. Upper folding connecting rod I, 24. Upper folding connecting rod II, 25. Middle waist support block, 26. Lower sliding nut, 27. Bidirectional lead screw, 28. Bottom fixing block, 29. Bottom support bearing housing, 30. Bottom end cover, 31. Temperature / pressure sensor, 32. Guide optical axis. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic pressure equalization device for a confined space mating surface, including a tooling drive system 1, a tooling transmission hub system 3, a sliding clamping system, and a tooling guide frame 7. The tooling drive system 1, the tooling transmission hub system 3, and the sliding clamping system are sequentially connected by transmission. The sliding clamping system is supported and guided by the tooling guide frame 7. The tooling drive system 1 transmits power to the sliding clamping system through the tooling transmission hub system 3 to realize the clamping operation of the sliding clamping system.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tooling drive system 1 includes a servo motor and reducer 8, a tooling connecting plate 2, and an upper flange assembly 9. The output end of the servo motor and reducer 8 is connected to the tooling transmission hub system 3 via the upper flange assembly 9. The housing of the servo motor and reducer 8 is connected to the rear axle of the engine via the tooling connecting plate 2. In this embodiment, the servo motor and reducer 8 provides power for clamping, and the upper flange assembly 9 connects the reducer output shaft to the tooling transmission hub system 3. Both the servo motor and reducer 8 and the upper flange assembly 9 are fixed on the tooling connecting plate 2. Therefore, the rotational power of the servo motor is transmitted to the tooling transmission hub system 3, and the shaft of the tooling transmission hub system 3 can rotate relative to the tooling connecting plate 2.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tooling transmission hub system 3 includes a torque transmission spindle 15 and a fixed drum 16. The torque transmission spindle 15 is rotatably mounted inside the fixed drum 16, and the upper and lower ends of the torque transmission spindle 15 are supported by an upper bearing seat assembly 12 and a lower bearing seat assembly 18, respectively. A bearing end cover 11 is provided on the outer side of the upper bearing seat assembly 12. The upper and lower ends of the torque transmission spindle 15 are respectively provided with a lower flange assembly 10 and a lower transition flange I 19. The lower flange assembly 10 is connected to the upper flange assembly 9 at the output end of the servo motor and reducer 8, and the lower transition flange I 19 at the lower end of the torque transmission spindle 15 is connected to the sliding clamping system for transmission.

[0026] Furthermore, a protective sleeve 17 is provided on the outer side of the torque transmission spindle 15. When the servo motor rotates, the torque transmission spindle 15 is supported by the bearing housing assemblies at both ends, which can efficiently transmit power. All mechanisms are protected by the external protective sleeve 17 to prevent accidental impacts from damaging the force transmission mechanism.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sliding clamping system includes an upper sliding clamping mechanism 4, a middle waist support mechanism 5, a lower sliding support mechanism 6, and a bidirectional drive mechanism. The bidirectional drive mechanism is connected to the torque transmission spindle 15 of the tooling transmission hub system 3. The upper sliding clamping mechanism 4, the middle waist support mechanism 5, and the lower sliding support mechanism 6 are connected in sequence and are disposed on the outside of the bidirectional drive mechanism. The bidirectional drive mechanism is used to drive the upper sliding clamping mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6 to perform synchronous clamping or releasing functions.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional drive mechanism includes a sliding nut 21, a lower sliding nut 26, and a bidirectional lead screw 27. The upper end of the bidirectional lead screw 27 is provided with a lower transition flange II 20, which is connected to the lower transition flange I 19 at the lower end of the torque transmission spindle 15. The lower end of the bidirectional lead screw 27 is rotatably connected to the tooling guide frame 7. The upper sliding nut 21 and the lower sliding nut 26 are respectively connected to two reverse threads on the bidirectional lead screw 27. The mid-waist support mechanism 5 includes a mid-waist support block 25, which is rotatably sleeved on the middle of the bidirectional lead screw 27 via a copper sleeve and fixedly connected to the tooling guide frame 7.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, the upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 includes at least two symmetrically arranged linkage mechanisms; the linkage mechanisms include upper folding linkage I 22, upper folding linkage II 23, and upper folding linkage III 24, which are hinged sequentially, wherein upper folding linkage III 24 is hinged to the middle waist support block 25, and upper folding linkage I 22 is hinged to the upper sliding nut 21. Preferably, the upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 includes four linkage mechanisms arranged symmetrically in pairs.

[0030] Furthermore, the upper folding linkage Ⅲ24 serves as the clamping linkage for performing clamping, and the clamping point end integrates a temperature and pressure sensor 31, which can detect the temperature and pressure values ​​of the clamping point in real time in a closed loop. Figure 3 As shown.

[0031] In this embodiment, the lower sliding support mechanism 6 and the upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 have the same structure and are mirror images of each other on both sides of the middle waist support block 25.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tooling guide frame 7 includes a bottom fixing block 28, a bottom support bearing seat 29, and multiple guide optical shafts 32. The bottom support bearing seat 29 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the bidirectional lead screw 27, and a bottom end cap 30 is provided on the outer side of the bottom support bearing seat 29. The bottom fixing block 28 is disposed on the bottom support bearing seat 29 and is connected to the tooling drive system 1 through multiple guide optical shafts 32; the upper sliding nut 21 and the lower sliding nut 26 are slidably engaged with the guide optical shafts 32. In this embodiment, the tooling guide frame 7 includes four guide optical shafts 32 evenly distributed circumferentially. The function of the guide optical shafts 32 is to fix the position of the middle waist support block 25, complete the anti-rotation and guiding functions of the upper sliding nut 21 and the lower sliding nut 26, and complete the rolling pair support of the end of the bidirectional lead screw 27.

[0033] During operation, the upper sliding nut 26 converts rotational force into axial pressure. The upper folding connecting rods I 22, II 23, and III 24 unfold the clamping point. Upper folding connecting rod III 24 is the clamping rod that performs the clamping action. A miniature temperature and pressure sensor 31 is integrated at the end of the clamping point, allowing real-time measurement of the temperature and pressure. The upper sliding nut is guided by four guide shafts 32 and driven by one end of a bidirectional lead screw 27. When clamping is required, the bidirectional lead screw 27 rotates, and the upper sliding nut 26 is stopped by the guide shafts 32, allowing it to move downwards. This drives the upper folding connecting rods I 22, II 23, and III 24 to complete the hinged linkage movement. Upper folding connecting rods I 22 and II 23 press down, causing upper folding connecting rod III 24 to clamp the rear shaft mounting edge.

[0034] During the clamping operation of the linkage mechanism, the upper sliding clamping mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6 move symmetrically towards the middle waist support block 25 simultaneously, driving the upper folding connecting rod I 22 and the upper folding connecting rod II 23 to open and pressing down the upper folding connecting rod III 24. Similarly, the motion principle of the lower sliding support mechanism 6 is exactly the same as that of the upper sliding clamping mechanism 4. The two systems are "mirror" motions. A copper sleeve is interference-fitted at the connection between the middle waist support block 25 and the double-acting screw 27 to reduce the coefficient of friction when rotating relative to the double-acting screw 27. Therefore, the double-acting screw 27 can complete low-friction rotation under the sliding support pair of the middle waist support block 25. Since the motion principle of the lower sliding support mechanism 6 is exactly the same as that of the upper sliding clamping mechanism 4, and the two systems are "mirror" arrangements, further details are omitted.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tooling connecting plate 2 includes a tooling connecting upper plate 13, a tooling connecting transition plate 14, and four lifting points fixed on the tooling connecting upper plate 13. Before the tooling is used, the tooling connecting transition plate 14 is manually installed onto the engine rear axle. At this time, the tooling connecting transition plate 14 is fixedly connected to the rear axle, and the tooling connecting upper plate 13 is fixedly connected to the tooling as a whole. The tooling is then hoisted into the engine rear axle through the four lifting points. The tooling connecting upper plate 13 is then manually connected to the tooling connecting transition plate 14. This is the only step involving manual intervention. After this step is completed, the preparation work before the tooling is used is finished.

[0036] This invention provides an automatic pressure equalization device for confined space mating surfaces. The entire clamping power output is completed through a tooling drive system 1. The power output uses a servo motor torque control mode combined with a position control mode to ensure stable clamping force output. The tooling connecting plate 2 connects the tooling to the engine rear axle, establishing a stable relative position between the tooling and the engine rear axle. The tooling transmission hub system 3 transmits the power of the drive motor, allowing the power to pass through the deep rear axle drum section and be supported by bearing seats at both ends, ensuring efficient energy utilization of the drive motor for long-distance torque transmission. The upper sliding clamping mechanism 4 converts the driving power into clamping power, clamping the upper surface of the mounting edge. The middle waist... The function of the support mechanism 5 is to fix the ends of the linkage mechanism of the upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6. The center of the middle waist support mechanism 5 is located at the center of the upper and lower surfaces of the mounting edge, thus ensuring that the upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6 can move symmetrically relative to the center of the mounting edge to be pressed. The function of the lower sliding support mechanism 6 is to convert the driving power into the pressing power and press the lower surface of the mounting edge. The upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6 integrate miniature temperature and pressure sensors, which can detect the temperature and pressure values ​​of the pressing point in real time in a closed loop. The tooling guide frame 7 guides the movement of the upper sliding pressing mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6 and fixes the position of the waist support mechanism 5. This invention uses a servo motor to output stable torque as the power source and a bidirectional lead screw built into the transmission hub as the power conversion mechanism. This converts the rotational torque into clamping force for the upper sliding clamping mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6. Furthermore, miniature temperature and pressure sensors are built into the clamping points of the upper sliding clamping mechanism 4 and the lower sliding support mechanism 6. Therefore, this invention can automatically perform the clamping operation and detect the temperature / pressure values ​​of the clamping points in real time. This invention uses a human-machine interface touch panel to operate the CNC system, featuring high automation and high motion precision, avoiding human error. Compared with existing processes, it improves the efficiency and accuracy of edge clamping during installation.

[0037] This invention provides an automatic pressure equalization device for confined space mating surfaces, used for the clamping operation of high-pressure rotor blade disks in aero-engines. It offers advantages such as good clamping quality consistency, high clamping force detection accuracy, and high tightening efficiency. During operation, the device is positioned at the engine's rear shaft port via a connecting tooling plate. All drive motors, electric cylinders, and pneumatic cylinders are controlled by a CNC system. The electric cylinders and motors are controlled by built-in encoders, while the pneumatic cylinders utilize external magnetic switches for closed-loop position detection. The specific implementation process includes the following steps:

[0038] Return all electrical components to their initial positions: rotate the motor to zero position and retract the clamping points. At this point, all clamping points are located within the projection of the cylindrical surface of the protective cylinder 17 (the outer cylindrical diameter of the protective cylinder 17 is smaller than the minimum diameter of the rear shaft). The portion of the tooling extending into the rear shaft will not interfere with the minimum diameter of the rear shaft. The zero point is detected by the absolute encoder of the motor. Only after the encoder feedback indicates zero can the CNC system proceed with subsequent operations.

[0039] Pre-installation of equipment: Install the adapter tooling connecting transition plate 14 on the rear axle of the engine, and hoist the entire equipment onto the adapter tooling connecting transition plate 14 to complete the positioning of the entire equipment and the rear axle of the engine.

[0040] Automatic clamping action execution: The servo motor and reducer 8 rotate, driving the torque transmission spindle 15. The torque transmission spindle 15 drives the bidirectional lead screw 27 to rotate. The upper sliding lead screw nut 21 and the lower sliding lead screw nut 26 move symmetrically along the bidirectional lead screw 27 towards the middle waist support block 25, driving the linkage mechanism to clamp the clamping link to the mounting edge.

[0041] Automatic temperature and pressure detection: Temperature and pressure sensors are integrated at the end of the clamping point. The contact measurement is used to directly detect the temperature and pressure of the clamping point in a closed loop and transmit the data back to the CNC system in real time. The system further adjusts the clamping force according to the pressure value. After the specified pressure is reached, the servo motor stops rotating and the motor shaft is locked by the locking mechanism built into the servo motor to maintain the clamping force under the specified pressure.

[0042] Automatic retraction action: The automatic retraction action is exactly the same as the automatic clamping action, only in reverse, so it will not be described in detail.

[0043] Operation completed: The CNC system checks whether the motor has returned to zero. After the CNC system completes its self-check and zeroing operation, the entire equipment is lifted off the engine.

[0044] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, extensions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic pressure equalization device for a confined space mating surface, characterized in that, It includes a tooling drive system (1), a tooling transmission hub system (3), a sliding clamping system, and a tooling guide frame (7). The tooling drive system (1), the tooling transmission hub system (3), and the sliding clamping system are connected in sequence. The sliding clamping system is supported and guided by the tooling guide frame (7). The tooling drive system (1) transmits power to the sliding clamping system through the tooling transmission hub system (3) to realize the clamping operation of the sliding clamping system. The sliding clamping system includes an upper sliding clamping mechanism (4), a middle waist support mechanism (5), a lower sliding support mechanism (6), and a bidirectional drive mechanism. The bidirectional drive mechanism is connected to the tooling transmission hub system (3). The upper sliding clamping mechanism (4), the middle waist support mechanism (5), and the lower sliding support mechanism (6) are connected in sequence and are located on the outside of the bidirectional drive mechanism. The bidirectional drive mechanism is used to drive the upper sliding clamping mechanism (4) and the lower sliding support mechanism (6) to perform synchronous clamping or releasing functions. The pressing point end of the sliding pressing system is integrated with a temperature and pressure sensor (31), which can detect the temperature and pressure value of the pressing point in real time in a closed loop. The tooling transmission hub system (3) includes a torque transmission spindle (15); the tooling drive system (1) includes a servo motor and reducer (8), a tooling connecting plate (2) and a flange assembly, wherein the output end of the servo motor and reducer (8) is connected to the lower flange assembly (10) at the upper end of the torque transmission spindle (15) through the upper flange assembly (9); the housing of the servo motor and reducer (8) is connected to the rear axle of the engine through the tooling connecting plate (2).

2. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional drive mechanism includes a sliding nut (21), a lower sliding nut (26), and a bidirectional screw (27). The upper end of the bidirectional screw (27) is connected to the tooling transmission hub system (3), and the lower end is rotatably connected to the tooling guide frame (7). The upper sliding nut (21) and the lower sliding nut (26) are respectively connected to two reverse threads on the bidirectional screw (27).

3. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mid-waist support mechanism (5) includes a mid-waist support block (25), which is rotatably sleeved on the middle of the bidirectional lead screw (27) and fixedly connected to the tooling guide frame (7).

4. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper sliding pressing mechanism (4) includes at least two linkage mechanisms symmetrically arranged; the linkage mechanism includes upper folding linkage I (22), upper folding linkage II (23) and upper folding linkage III (24) hinged in sequence, wherein the upper folding linkage III (24) is hinged to the middle waist support block (25) and the upper folding linkage I (22) is hinged to the upper sliding nut (21); The lower sliding support mechanism (6) and the upper sliding pressing mechanism (4) have the same structure and are mirror images of each other on both sides of the middle waist support block (25).

5. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper folding link Ⅲ (24) serves as a clamping link for performing clamping.

6. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tooling guide frame (7) includes a bottom fixing block (28), a bottom support bearing seat (29), and multiple guide optical shafts (32). The bottom support bearing seat (29) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the bidirectional lead screw (27). The bottom fixing block (28) is set on the bottom support bearing seat (29) and is connected to the tooling drive system (1) through multiple guide optical shafts (32). The upper sliding nut (21) and the lower sliding nut (26) are slidably engaged with the guide optical shafts (32).

7. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling transmission hub system (3) also includes a fixed drum (16), the torque transmission spindle (15) is rotatably installed inside the fixed drum (16), and its upper end is connected to the tooling drive system (1), and the lower end of the torque transmission spindle (15) is connected to the bidirectional drive mechanism.

8. The automatic pressure equalization equipment for confined space mating surfaces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The torque transmission spindle (15) is provided with a protective sleeve (17) on its outer side.

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