A degradable moisture absorption and quick-drying micro-porous composite fiber, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying micro-porous composite fiber, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of preparation and application of functional textiles.The preparation method of the degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying micro-porous composite fiber comprises the following steps: blending and composite spinning of polybutylene adipate terephthalate and polyvinyl alcohol to form a composite fiber with a skin-core structure; and then post-finishing the composite fiber with the skin-core structure, so that the polyvinyl alcohol is partially removed and a surface micro-porous structure is formed, to obtain the degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying micro-porous composite fiber.Through a series of process procedures such as selection of degradable raw materials, spinning and post-finishing, a degradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying micro-porous fiber (yarn), fabric and garment are developed, which are beneficial to meeting the environmental protection demand and functional demand of consumers on sports shoes and clothes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of preparation and application of functional textiles, and specifically relates to a biodegradable moisture-wicking and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of textile technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people are increasingly advocating a healthy lifestyle and participating in and investing more in sports. Their demands for sportswear are no longer limited to style and color, but also include higher requirements for comfort and functionality. At the same time, with global warming and increased pollution, consumers' awareness of environmental protection is constantly improving, and their environmental consciousness is continuously strengthening.

[0003] In addition, consumers have become more health-conscious in recent years, paying more attention to their own and their family members' health, and increasingly participating in sports, especially running, which has relatively simple requirements for equipment and venues, making it a more widespread and accessible sport. Marathon running is a high-energy, high-perspiration event, placing higher demands on sportswear than other sports. Among these requirements, moisture-wicking and quick-drying functionality is one of the most basic and core requirements for running apparel. Currently, most running clothing is made from conventional polyester blends, but these do not adequately meet the requirements for moisture wicking, quick-drying, and biodegradability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a biodegradable moisture-wicking and quick-drying microporous composite fiber, its preparation method, and its application in fabrics, clothing, etc. Using the biodegradable microporous composite fiber provided by the present invention can improve the moisture-wicking and quick-drying performance of fabrics and clothing, while also being biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

[0005] This invention provides a method for preparing biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fibers, comprising:

[0006] Poly(butylene adipate) and polyvinyl alcohol are blended and spun to form a core-sheath composite fiber. The core-sheath composite fiber is then finished to remove some of the polyvinyl alcohol and form a surface microporous structure, resulting in a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate) has a melting point of 120-150°C and a weight-average molecular weight of 120,000-150,000.

[0008] In embodiments of the present invention, the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 300-500, and the degree of hydrolysis is 90-95%.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer in the skin-core structure is 1:9-3:7.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0011] Poly(butylene adipate) terephthalate chips and polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and melt-granulated to obtain blended particles; the mass ratio of poly(butylene adipate) terephthalate chips to polyvinyl alcohol is 100-110:10-20.

[0012] The blended particles are melted to form a sheath spinning melt, and the melt of poly(adipic acid) / butylene terephthalate is used as the core spinning melt. The mixture is spun through a sheath-core type composite spinning assembly to obtain a composite fiber with a sheath-core structure.

[0013] The composite fiber with the core-sheath structure is washed with hot water at 70-100°C and then dried to obtain a biodegradable moisture-wicking and quick-drying microporous composite fiber; or, the composite fiber with the core-sheath structure is woven into a fabric and then washed with hot water at 70-100°C and then dried to obtain a biodegradable moisture-wicking and quick-drying microporous composite fiber.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the spinning temperature of the outer layer is 190-210°C and the spinning temperature of the core layer is 200-210°C during the spinning process.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the 70-100°C hot water washing includes: firstly, using hot water containing soda ash to perform a first hot water wash at 90-100°C, keeping it warm for 20-30 minutes, and then using hot water containing glacial acetic acid to perform a second hot water wash at 70-80°C.

[0016] The second hot water wash is followed by a cold water wash and drying to obtain biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber.

[0017] This invention provides a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber, prepared by the method described above, which has a core-sheath structure and a fiber fineness of 50D-75D.

[0018] This invention provides a fabric woven from the biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fibers described above.

[0019] The present invention provides a garment comprising the fabric described above.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the embodiments of this invention utilize poly(butylene adipate) / poly(terephthalate) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form a core-sheath structure composite fiber through blending and spinning. This fiber is then woven into a fabric, and after finishing, the dispersed PVA in the sheath layer is dissolved, resulting in a core-sheath structure fabric with micro-pits on the fiber surface. Alternatively, the core-sheath structure composite fiber can be finished to form fibers with a surface microporous structure before being woven into a fabric. This invention, through the selection of biodegradable raw materials, spinning, finishing, and other processes, develops a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous fiber (yarn), fabric, and garment, which helps meet consumers' environmental and functional needs for sportswear. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a morphological diagram of the microporous core yarn of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] This invention provides a method for preparing biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fibers, comprising:

[0024] Poly(butylene adipate) and polyvinyl alcohol are blended and spun to form a core-sheath composite fiber. The core-sheath composite fiber is then finished to remove some of the polyvinyl alcohol and form a surface microporous structure, resulting in a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber.

[0025] The biodegradable microporous composite fiber provided by this invention can improve the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of fabrics and clothing, while also being biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, poly(butylene adipate) / poly(terephthalate) chips and polyvinyl alcohol are respectively subjected to vacuum drum drying at 80-90°C, which can dry the two raw material particles to a moisture content of less than 50 ppm, facilitating subsequent production processes.

[0027] Poly(butylene adipate) terephthalate is generally a product obtained by esterification polymerization of adipic acid, butanediol, and terephthalic acid monomers. It is also known as poly(butylene adipate) terephthalate (PBAT resin), etc., and its macromolecular chain segment structure is shown in the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] In this structural formula, x and y represent the degree of polymerization; x is preferably between 50 and 80, and more preferably between 20 and 40. This invention does not impose any special restrictions on the source of the poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate), which can be commercially available; preferably, its melting point is 120-150°C, and its weight-average molecular weight is 120,000-150,000, specifically 120,000, 130,000, 140,000, etc.

[0030] The poly(butylene adipate) / terephthalate (PET) is a biodegradable polyester that is completely degradable and possesses excellent overall properties. Furthermore, this invention uses water-soluble polyethylene glycol for blending and spinning, which is non-toxic and has good safety; it is also a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, exhibiting good compatibility with the spinning polymer in this invention. Specifically, the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 300-500, preferably 400-500, and the degree of hydrolysis is 90-95%.

[0031] According to the mass ratio, in this embodiment of the invention, 100-110 parts of dried poly(butylene adipate) / poly(terephthalate) chips are thoroughly mixed with 10-20 parts of dried polyvinyl alcohol, and then melt-blended and extruded by a screw extruder at 190-210°C to obtain blended particles. Preferably, the blended particles are further dried to a moisture content of less than 50 ppm.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, dried blended particles are fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion at a preferred temperature of 190-210°C to obtain a sheath spinning melt. Separately, dried poly(adipate fatty acid) / butylene terephthalate (PET) chips are fed into a single-screw extruder for melt extrusion at a preferred temperature of 190-220°C to obtain a core spinning melt. The PET / PET chips in this core spinning melt have the same specifications as the raw materials described above. Then, the obtained sheath and core spinning melts are metered separately by their respective metering pumps and fed into a composite spinning box. They are then spun using a sheath-core type composite spinning assembly to obtain a sheath-core structured composite fiber.

[0033] In the composite spinning process described in this embodiment of the invention, the preferred spinning temperature for the sheath layer is 190-210℃, and the preferred spinning temperature for the core layer is 200-210℃; the spinning speed can be 800-1500 m / min, specifically 900-1200 m / min. After the nascent fibers are extruded, they are drawn or stretched, and then cooled to obtain composite fibers; wherein the preferred draw ratio is 2.3-2.5, the stretching temperature can be 70℃-90℃, and the cooling air temperature is generally 15℃-25℃.

[0034] In embodiments of the present invention, the composite fiber has a core layer and, preferably, a coaxially coated sheath structure. The core layer is composed of poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate), and the sheath is formed by blending and spinning poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate) and polyvinyl alcohol. The mass ratio of the sheath to the core layer in the core-sheath composite fiber is preferably 1:9 to 3:7, specifically 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, etc. The cross-section of the composite fiber is generally circular, but other cross-sectional shapes are also possible.

[0035] In this invention, the core-sheath structure composite fiber is processed through a microporous molding and finishing process to produce a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying, microporous composite fiber. In some embodiments of this invention, the composite fiber can be woven into a fabric, and after finishing, the polyvinyl alcohol dispersed in the sheath layer can be dissolved to form a fabric with a micro-pitted structure on the fiber surface. In other embodiments, the core-sheath structure composite fiber can be directly finished to form fibers with a surface microporous structure, and then woven into a fabric.

[0036] The microporous forming process of the composite fiber according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: pretreatment – ​​first hot water wash – second hot water wash – cold water wash – drying. Specifically, the pretreatment includes: immersing the composite fiber in room temperature deionized water for 20-30 minutes to wet and disperse impurities. The temperature of the first hot water wash is 90-100℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the holding time is 20-30min; the preferred wash water formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5-2.0g / L, soda ash 3.0-5.0g / L, accelerator 0.5-1.5g / L. The penetrant is mainly fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and the accelerator is preferably sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0037] Furthermore, the preferred temperature for the second hot water wash is 70-80℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 10-20min. The wash formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5-1.0g / L, glacial acetic acid 2.0-4.0g / L, and accelerator 0.5-1.0g / L, wherein the preferred types of penetrant and accelerator are as described above. In this embodiment of the invention, a two-stage hot water washing process is preferred, which can partially dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol in the dermis, generating a uniform microporous structure only on the fiber surface, thus improving quick-drying performance. If the process is not properly controlled, causing a microporous structure inside the fiber, it will have the opposite effect on quick-drying.

[0038] The second hot water wash in this embodiment of the invention also includes a cold water wash until the fiber is neutral. The temperature of the cold water wash can be 20-25℃ and the time is 20 minutes. After conventional drying, a biodegradable moisture-absorbing and quick-drying microporous composite fiber is obtained.

[0039] In other embodiments of the present invention, the composite fibers with the core-sheath structure are woven into a fabric and then washed with hot water at 70-100°C, followed by drying to obtain biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fibers and fabric. The 70-100°C hot water washing of the fabric also includes two steps. The first hot water wash is at 90-100°C, with a heating rate of 5°C / min, and is held for 20-30 minutes. The preferred washing formula is as follows: penetrant 2.0-3.0 g / L, soda ash 3.0-5.0 g / L, and accelerator 0.5-1.5 g / L. The second hot water wash is preferably at 70-80°C, with a heating rate of 5°C / min, and is held for 10-20 minutes. The specific washing formula is as follows: penetrant 1.0-1.5 g / L, glacial acetic acid 2.0-4.0 g / L, and accelerator 0.5-1.0 g / L. The penetrants and accelerators involved in this method are the same as those described above and are not particularly limited.

[0040] This invention provides a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber, prepared by the method described above. It has a core-sheath structure, a fiber fineness of 50D-75D, and a fiber strength of 3.2-3.7 cN / dtex. The moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber described in this invention is primarily in the form of long filament yarn (which can be called microporous core-sheath yarn). The fiber surface exhibits a microporous effect (with a certain increase in specific surface area), providing excellent moisture-wicking and quick-drying properties. Furthermore, it is biodegradable after use and washing, facilitating its application.

[0041] This invention provides a fabric woven from the biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying, microporous composite fiber described above. In some embodiments of this invention, the fabric is woven from a core-sheath structure formed by blending and spinning poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate) and polyvinyl alcohol. The fabric is then finished to dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol dispersed in the yarn sheath, resulting in a microporous fabric with a surface microporous structure. The blending and spinning process is as described above. This invention does not impose special limitations on the weaving process; it can be woven or knitted, and can be a plain weave or other conventional structure. The fabric weight can be 110-130 g / m². 2 Suitable for clothing applications. The finishing process includes the microporous molding process mentioned above, which mainly involves washing the fabric with hot water to dissolve some of the polyvinyl alcohol, resulting in a microporous fabric with a surface microporous structure. This fabric has good moisture absorption and quick-drying properties and is also biodegradable. Conventional printing and dyeing processes can then be performed.

[0042] The present invention also provides a garment comprising the fabric described above. The garment provided by the present invention can be used for running and other sportswear, thereby meeting consumers' demands for environmentally friendly and moisture-wicking quick-drying sportswear.

[0043] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0044] The raw materials involved in the embodiments of this invention are all commercially available. Among them, the poly(butylene adipate) terephthalate chips are prepared at 120-150°C with a weight-average molecular weight of 140,000-150,000. The polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of polymerization of 400-500 and a degree of alcoholysis of 90-95%.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] The method for preparing the biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber includes the following steps:

[0047] 1) The poly(butylene adipate) / terephthalate chips and polyvinyl alcohol were dried in a vacuum drum at 80-90℃ until the moisture content of the two raw materials was below 50PPM.

[0048] 2) After thoroughly mixing 100-110 parts of dried poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate) chips and 15-20 parts of dried polyvinyl alcohol, the mixture is melt-blended, extruded, and granulated using a screw extruder at 200-210℃ to obtain blended particles. The blended particles are then dried to a moisture content of less than 50 PPM.

[0049] 3) The dried blended particles are fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion at a temperature of 195-200℃ to obtain the skin layer spinning melt; the dried poly(adipate) / butylene terephthalate chips are fed into a single-screw extruder for melt extrusion at a temperature of 200-205℃ to obtain the core layer spinning melt.

[0050] 4) The formed sheath and core spinning melts are metered by their respective metering pumps (the mass ratio of sheath to core is 2:8) and then fed into the composite spinning box for spinning via the sheath-core type composite spinning assembly; the sheath spinning temperature is 195-200℃, the core spinning temperature is 200-210℃; the spinning speed is 1350m / min, the draw ratio is 2.3-2.5, the stretching temperature is 80℃-90℃, and the cooling air temperature is 15℃-25℃.

[0051] 5) The obtained 75D / 72F core yarn (circular cross section, 3.2-3.5cN / dtex) is woven to obtain a six-die pique fabric.

[0052] 6) The microporous forming process of the fiber fabric includes: pretreatment – ​​first hot water wash – second hot water wash – cold water wash – drying. The first hot water wash is performed at 90-100℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 30min; the formula is as follows: penetrant 2.0-3.0g / L, soda ash 4.0-5.0g / L, accelerator 0.5-1.0g / L. The second hot water wash is performed at 70-80℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min and a holding time of 20min; the formula is as follows: penetrant 1.0-1.5g / L, glacial acetic acid 3.0-4.0g / L, accelerator 0.5-1.0g / L. The cold water wash is performed at 20-25℃ for 20min. All penetrants are fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, and all accelerators are sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0053] The resulting microporous fabric has a basis weight of 120 g / m². 2 ; Figure 1 This is a morphological diagram of the microporous core-sheath yarn in Example 1, showing a microporous structure on the fiber surface.

[0054] The performance of the microporous fabric before and after the microporous forming process was tested, and the results are as follows. As can be seen from the comparison, the fabric formed by microporous forming of the present invention has improved moisture absorption and quick-drying performance, and at the same time has good biodegradability.

[0055] Table 1. Results of moisture absorption, quick-drying properties, and biodegradability tests of the microporous fabric in Example 1.

[0056]

[0057] Note: The water droplet diffusion time was tested on both the front and back sides (usually the side closest to the user's skin). The national standard does not require a water droplet diffusion time on the back side. Additionally, the fabric's "total biodegradability" and "volatile solids content" were not tested before washing.

[0058] Table 2. Test results of fabrics that are only woven and not microporous.

[0059]

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The method for preparing the biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber includes the following steps:

[0062] 1) The poly(butylene adipate) / terephthalate chips and polyvinyl alcohol were dried in a vacuum drum at 80-90℃ until the moisture content of the two raw materials was below 50PPM.

[0063] 2) After thoroughly mixing 100-110 parts of dried poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate) chips and 15-20 parts of dried polyvinyl alcohol, the mixture is melt-blended, extruded, and granulated using a screw extruder at 200-210℃ to obtain blended particles. The blended particles are then dried to a moisture content of less than 50 PPM.

[0064] 3) The dried blended particles are fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion at a temperature of 195-200℃ to obtain the skin layer spinning melt; the dried poly(adipate) / butylene terephthalate chips are fed into a single-screw extruder for melt extrusion at a temperature of 200-205℃ to obtain the core layer spinning melt.

[0065] 4) The formed sheath and core spinning melts are metered by their respective metering pumps (the mass ratio of sheath to core is 2:8) and then fed into the composite spinning box for spinning via a sheath-core type composite spinning assembly; the sheath spinning temperature is 195-200℃, the core spinning temperature is 200-210℃; the spinning speed is 1350m / min, the draw ratio is 2.3-2.5, the stretching temperature is 80℃-90℃, and the cooling air temperature is 15℃-25℃; in addition to obtaining 75D / 72F composite fibers, 50D / 48F composite fibers are spun using the same spinning process through different spinnerets;

[0066] 5) The microporous forming process of the yarn includes the following steps: pretreatment – ​​first hot water wash – second hot water wash – cold water wash – drying. The first hot water wash is at a temperature of 90-100℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and a holding time of 30min; the formula is as follows: penetrant 1.0-2.0g / L, soda ash 4.0-5.0g / L, accelerator 0.5-1.0g / L. The second hot water wash is at a temperature of 70-80℃, with a heating rate of 5℃ / min, and a holding time of 20min; the formula is as follows: penetrant 0.5-1.0g / L, glacial acetic acid 3.0-4.0g / L, accelerator 0.5-1.0g / L. The cold water wash is at a temperature of 20-25℃ for 20min. The penetrant is always fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and the accelerator is always sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0067] 6) The obtained 50D / 48F microporous core-sheath yarn and 75D / 72F microporous core-sheath yarn are woven to produce a fabric called double-sided bird's-eye fabric with a weight of 110g / m². 2 .

[0068] The performance test results are as follows:

[0069] Table 3. Test results of moisture absorption, quick-drying properties, and biodegradability of the microporous fabric in Example 2.

[0070]

[0071] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention has developed a biodegradable moisture-wicking and quick-drying microporous fiber (yarn), fabric and clothing through a series of processes such as selecting biodegradable raw materials, spinning, and finishing, which helps to meet consumers' environmental protection and functional needs for sports footwear and apparel.

[0072] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber, characterized in that, include: Polybutylene adipate / terephthalate chips were mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and then melt-granulated to obtain blended particles. The mass ratio of the poly(butylene adipate / terephthalate) chips to polyvinyl alcohol is 100-110:10-20. The blended particles are melted to form a sheath spinning melt, and the melt of poly(adipic acid) / butylene terephthalate is used as the core spinning melt. The mixture is spun through a sheath-core type composite spinning assembly to obtain a composite fiber with a sheath-core structure. During the spinning process, the sheath spinning temperature is 190-210℃ and the core spinning temperature is 200-210℃. The composite fiber with the core-sheath structure is washed with hot water at 70-100℃. The washing process includes: first, a first hot water wash at 90-100℃ using hot water containing soda ash, followed by a heat treatment for 20-30 minutes; then, a second hot water wash at 70-80℃ using hot water containing glacial acetic acid. After drying, a biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber is obtained.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The poly(butylene adipate) has a melting point of 120-150°C and a weight-average molecular weight of 120,000-150,000.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 300-500, and the degree of alcoholysis is 90-95%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer in the skin-core structure is 1:9 to 3:

7.

5. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The second hot water wash is followed by a cold water wash and drying to obtain biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber.

6. A biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-5, has a core-sheath structure, and has a fiber fineness of 50D-75D.

7. A fabric, characterized in that, It is woven from the biodegradable, moisture-wicking, quick-drying microporous composite fiber as described in claim 6.

8. A garment, characterized in that, Includes the fabric as described in claim 7.

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