A flotation method for recovering zinc minerals from lead-sulfur scavenging tailings and a combination activator of marmatite

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of from lead sulphur sweep election tailings zinc mineral recovery ferrowavellite combination activator, belong to mineral processing technical field, ferrowavellite combination activator in the present application includes copper sulfate and thiourea.The present application also provides a kind of from lead sulphur sweep election tailings zinc mineral recovery method, including the following steps: (1) adding copper sulfate as the activator of sphalerite to lead sulphur sweep election tailings, stirring, adding collector to carry out sphalerite flotation operation;Sphalerite concentrate and sphalerite flotation tailings are obtained;(2) in sphalerite flotation tailings, ferrowavellite combination activator is activated to ferrowavellite, and then adding collector to carry out ferrowavellite flotation operation, and obtain ferrowavellite rough concentrate and tailings.The present application can effectively improve the flotation recovery rate of high-iron ferrowavellite, thereby effectively solve the problem of low recovery rate of high-iron ferrowavellite, and ultimately realize the efficient recovery of zinc mineral.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of lead-zinc sulfide ore dressing, and particularly relates to a flotation method for recovering zinc minerals from lead-zinc sulfide scavenging tailings and a ferrohedralite combined activator. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sphalerite is the most important raw material for extracting zinc. In the sphalerite lattice, iron isomorphism replaces zinc is very common, and when the iron content is high, it becomes a ferrohedralite variety. Generally speaking, the sphalerite of the high-temperature stage of mineralization has a high iron content, while the sphalerite of the medium-low temperature stage of mineralization has a low iron content. For a certain deposit, its mineralization process is often multi-period superimposed. This causes the iron content of sphalerite in the same deposit to have obvious differences in time and space.

[0003] In the flotation process of zinc sulfide, the activation process of zinc sulfide minerals is crucial. In the prior art, copper sulfate is usually used as an activator, and xanthate is used as a collector to float zinc sulfide minerals. However, due to the isomorphism of iron, sphalerite and ferrohedralite are closely associated in the same deposit. The presence of ferrohedralite has an adverse effect on the activation process using copper sulfate as an activator. The higher the iron content of sphalerite, the more difficult it is to activate copper ions. In addition, the higher the iron content, the more easily sphalerite is inhibited by inevitable ions in the slurry. Therefore, sphalerite with different iron contents exhibits different flotation behaviors. Sphalerite with a high iron content is often difficult to float and is lost in the tailings. That is, the existing technology can only better recover sphalerite with a low iron content, and the recovery of sphalerite with a high iron content is not ideal.

[0004] Therefore, when sphalerite and ferrohedralite coexist, how to efficiently recover sphalerite with a high iron content has been a technical problem that technicians in the field have been eager to solve, and it has great economic significance. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the problems in the background art, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a ferrohedralite combined activator for activating ferrohedralite when recovering zinc minerals from lead-zinc sulfide scavenging tailings.

[0006] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a flotation method for recovering zinc minerals from lead-zinc sulfide scavenging tailings. In the flotation process, traditional copper sulfate is used as a sphalerite activator to activate sphalerite, and after flotation, the ferrohedralite combined activator is used to activate the ferrohedralite in the sphalerite flotation tailings, and then flotation is performed.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A combined activator for wurtzite in recovering zinc minerals from lead-sulfur scavenging tailings, comprising copper sulfate and thiourea.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the copper sulfate and the thiourea is 1.0-2.0:1.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the copper sulfate and the thiourea is 1.5:1.

[0011] The application further provides a method for recovering zinc minerals from lead-sulfur scavenging tailings, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) adding copper sulfate as an activator for wurtzite into lead-sulfur scavenging tailings, stirring, and adding a collector to perform wurtzite flotation operation; obtaining wurtzite concentrate and wurtzite flotation tailings;

[0013] (2) adding a combined activator for wurtzite, which is composed of copper sulfate and thiourea, into the wurtzite flotation tailings to activate the wurtzite, the mass ratio of the copper sulfate and the thiourea being 1.0-2.0:1; and then adding a collector to perform wurtzite flotation operation, obtaining wurtzite concentrate and wurtzite flotation tailings.

[0014] Preferably, the wurtzite flotation operation in the step (1) comprises one-time roughing and one-time scavenging operation; and the wurtzite flotation operation in the step (2) comprises one-time roughing and one-time scavenging operation.

[0015] Preferably, the wurtzite flotation tailings slurry in the step (1) is heated to 40-50℃ before the combined activator for wurtzite is added.

[0016] Preferably, the combined activator for wurtzite in the step (2) is added in an amount of 50-200g / t.

[0017] The mechanism of the application is as follows:

[0018] The combined activator of copper sulfate and thiourea realizes efficient activation of wurtzite mainly by using copper sulfate to pre-precipitate on the surface of wurtzite, and then generating cuprous sulfide by chemical reaction with thiourea, and then covering the surface of wurtzite to form a hydrophobic film. When the combined activator is applied to the flotation of lead-sulfur scavenging tailings, it is mainly based on the different flotation activities of wurtzite and wurtzite, specifically, wurtzite is more difficult to be activated and collected; when copper sulfate is used as an activator, copper sulfate exists in competition adsorption on the surface of wurtzite and wurtzite, more active copper ions will be adsorbed on the surface of wurtzite, and less will be adsorbed on the surface of wurtzite. Based on the difference in the amount of adsorption, different activators are added in stages to realize asynchronous recovery of wurtzite and wurtzite.

[0019] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. After using the traditional copper sulfate activator to activate the sphalerite and float, the combined activator in the present application can effectively improve the flotation recovery rate of high-iron sphalerite by activating the iron sphalerite through the synergistic effect of copper sulfate and thiourea, thereby effectively solving the problem of low recovery rate of high-iron sphalerite and realizing efficient recovery of zinc minerals.

[0021] 2. When using the present application to float the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings, the use amount of copper sulfate and butyl xanthate can be reduced compared with the traditional process, the beneficiation cost can be saved, and the economic benefit can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is the process flow chart of Comparative Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3 is the process flow chart of Comparative Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the present application more clear, the preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, so as to facilitate the understanding of the technicians.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The lead-sulfur scavenging tailings of a certain lead-zinc sulfide ore in Yunnan were subjected to flotation separation test research, wherein the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings contained 23.90% of Zn, and the main useful minerals were sphalerite and iron sphalerite. The gangue minerals were mainly calcite, dolomite, etc.

[0028] The process flow of the present application is adopted, as shown in Figure 1 , the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0029] (1) 250 g / t of copper sulfate was added to the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings as an activator for sphalerite, and after stirring for 3 minutes, 120 g / t of butyl xanthate was added as a collector for sphalerite roughing operation; the sphalerite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, wherein the use amount of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation.

[0030] (2) The sphalerite flotation tailings in step (1) are heated to 40 DEG C, then 100 g / t of copper sulfide and thiourea are added as a combined activator for the iron sphalerite, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfide and thiourea is 1.0:1, and 80 g / t of butyl xanthate is further added as a collector for the iron sphalerite flotation operation; the iron sphalerite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, wherein the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation; and the iron sphalerite rough concentrate and tailings are obtained.

[0031] Table 1 Test results

[0032]

[0033] According to the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that the present application can effectively realize the comprehensive recovery of zinc minerals, including sphalerite and iron sphalerite, in the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings. The grade of zinc in the sphalerite concentrate is 46.73%, and the grade of zinc in the iron sphalerite concentrate is 33.55%. The grade of zinc in the tailings is only 1.22%, and the recovery rate is 2.49%, indicating that the loss of zinc minerals in the tailings is low. Based on the above discussion, it can be considered that the present application can effectively solve the problem of low recovery rate of difficult-to-activate iron sphalerite.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A flotation separation test is conducted on the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings of a certain lead-zinc sulfide ore in Yunnan, wherein the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings contain 23.90% of Zn, and the main useful minerals are sphalerite and iron sphalerite. The gangue minerals mainly include calcite and dolomite.

[0036] The process flow of the present application is shown in Figure 1 , and the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0037] (1) 250 g / t of copper sulfate is added to the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings as an activator for sphalerite, and after stirring for 3 minutes, 120 g / t of butyl xanthate is added as a collector for the sphalerite roughing operation; the sphalerite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, wherein the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation.

[0038] (2) The sphalerite flotation tailings in step (1) are heated to 40 DEG C, then 100 g / t of copper sulfide and thiourea are added as a combined activator for the iron sphalerite, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfide and thiourea is 1.0:1, and 80 g / t of butyl xanthate is further added as a collector for the iron sphalerite flotation operation; the iron sphalerite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, wherein the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation; and the iron sphalerite rough concentrate and tailings are obtained.

[0039] Table 2 Test results

[0040]

[0041] According to the test results in Table 2, compared with copper sulfide and thiourea as the activator of marmatite in Example 1, the mass ratio of copper sulfide and thiourea is 1.5:1 in Example 2, and a better flotation effect is obtained. The zinc grade in the tailings is further reduced to 1.15%, and the recovery rate is reduced to 2.31%, indicating that the loss of zinc minerals in the tailings is further lower. Notably, the zinc grade in the marmatite rough concentrate is basically the same, but the zinc recovery rate increases by 0.7%. In summary, it is shown that the present application can effectively solve the problem of low recovery rate of difficultly activated marmatite.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] A flotation separation test is conducted on the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings of a lead-zinc sulfide ore in Yunnan, wherein the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings contain 23.90% of Zn, and the main useful minerals are sphalerite and marmatite. The gangue minerals are mainly calcite and dolomite.

[0044] The process flow of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0045] (1) 250 g / t of copper sulfate is added to the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings as the activator of sphalerite, and after stirring for 3 minutes, 120 g / t of butyl xanthate is added as the collector for sphalerite roughing operation; the sphalerite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, and the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation.

[0046] (2) The sphalerite flotation tailings in step (1) are heated to 40℃, and then 100 g / t of copper sulfide and thiourea are added as the combined activator of marmatite, with a mass ratio of 2.0:1, and 80 g / t of butyl xanthate is added as the collector for marmatite flotation operation; the marmatite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, and the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation; marmatite rough concentrate and tailings are obtained.

[0047] According to the test results in Table 3, compared with copper sulfide and thiourea as the activator of marmatite in Example 2, the mass ratio of copper sulfide and thiourea is 2.0:1 in Example 3, and the flotation effect is slightly worse. The zinc grade in the tailings is 1.58%, and the recovery rate is 3.30%. The zinc grade in the marmatite rough concentrate is basically the same, but the zinc recovery rate is 7.47%. In combination with the experimental results of Example 1 and Example 2, on the one hand, it is shown that the mass ratio of copper sulfide and thiourea is 1.5:1 to obtain the best flotation effect, and on the other hand, it is shown that the present application can effectively solve the problem of low recovery rate of difficultly activated marmatite.

[0048] Table 3 Test results

[0049]

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] A flotation separation test was carried out on the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings of a lead-zinc sulfide ore in Yunnan by using a traditional beneficiation process in Comparative Example 1, wherein the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings contain 23.90% of Zn, and the main useful minerals are sphalerite and marmatite. The gangue minerals mainly include calcite and dolomite.

[0052] The traditional process flow is shown in Figure 2 The test results are shown in Table 4, and the specific operation steps are as follows: first, 400 g / t of copper sulfate is added to the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings as an activator for zinc minerals, and after stirring for 3 minutes, 200 g / t of butyl xanthate is added as a collector for zinc roughing operation. The zinc flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, wherein the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation. In order to make the test more rigorous, under the condition that the traditional process flow is unchanged, a group of conditional tests are added, and the dosage of copper sulfate in the roughing operation is increased to 450 g / t, and the dosage of butyl xanthate is increased to 300 g / t, and the dosage of butyl xanthate in the scavenging operation is half of that in the roughing operation.

[0053] Table 4 Test results

[0054]

[0055] According to the test results in Table 4, under the condition that the total amount of activator and collector is the same as in Example 2, the comprehensive recovery effect of zinc minerals in the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings is poor by using the traditional flotation process and the traditional activator. The grade of zinc in the zinc concentrate is 45.49%, which is basically the same as the comprehensive grade of the sphalerite concentrate and the marmatite concentrate in Example 2 of the present application. The recovery rate of zinc in the tailings is 6.95% higher than that in Example 2 of the present application. The high recovery rate of zinc in the tailings indicates that the loss rate of zinc minerals is high. On the other hand, when the dosage of copper sulfate is increased to 450 g / t and the dosage of butyl xanthate is increased to 300 g / t, the recovery rate of zinc in the tailings is 8.81%, which is reduced by 0.45%, indicating that increasing the dosage of activator and collector in roughing can further recover zinc minerals. However, the recovery rate of zinc in the tailings is still 6.50% higher than that in Example 2 of the present application. In addition, by comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 1, the dosage of copper sulfate and butyl xanthate can be reduced when the flotation of the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings is carried out by using the present application compared with the traditional process. In summary, the present application can effectively realize the recovery of zinc minerals.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] In order to test more rigorous, using the flotation process in Example 2 on a lead sulfide zinc mine in Yunnan lead and sulfur scavenging tailings flotation separation test research, lead and sulfur scavenging tailings in the grade of 23.90% Zn, mainly by sphalerite, marmatite, calcite and dolomite, etc. The specific steps are as follows, need to explain, different from Example 2 is that in step (2), using copper sulfate instead of copper sulfide and thiourea as the activator of marmatite.

[0058] Test flow chart see Figure 3 , the specific steps are as follows, the test results are shown in Table 5.

[0059] (1) to the lead and sulfur scavenging tailings 250 g / t copper sulfate as the activator of sphalerite, stirring for 3 minutes, adding 120 g / t collector butyl xanthate for sphalerite roughing operation; sphalerite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, in which the dosage of butyl xanthate is half of the roughing operation.

[0060] (2) to the sphalerite flotation tailings in step (1) 100 g / t copper sulfide as the activator of marmatite, and then add 80 g / t collector butyl xanthate for marmatite flotation operation; marmatite flotation operation includes one roughing and one scavenging operation, in which the dosage of butyl xanthate is half of the roughing operation; marmatite rough concentrate and tailings are obtained.

[0061] Table 5 test results

[0062]

[0063] According to the test results in Table 5, compared with Example 2, even if the same process flow chart is used in Comparative Example 2, the total amount of activator and collector is the same, the zinc grade in the marmatite rough concentrate is only 23.55%, and the zinc recovery rate is only 4.05%, which is 9.91% and 5.05% lower than that in Example 2 of the application, respectively. The recovery rate of zinc in the tailings is 6.85%, which is 4.54% higher than that in Example 2 of the application. In summary, it shows that the combination of copper sulfate and thiourea activator has strong activation effect on marmatite, which can effectively solve the problem of low recovery rate of difficult activation marmatite.

[0064] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and content without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A ferwulfhamite group combination activator for the recovery of zinc minerals from lead-sulfur cleaning tailings, characterized by: consists of copper sulfate and thiourea; the mass ratio of the copper sulfate and the thiourea is 1.0-2.0:1; the main zinc-containing minerals in the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings are sphalerite and marmatite; The method for recovering zinc minerals from lead-sulfur scavenging tailings by using the marmatite combined activator comprises the following steps: (1) adding copper sulfate as an activator for sphalerite into the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings, stirring, and adding a collector to perform sphalerite flotation operation; sphalerite concentrate and sphalerite flotation tailings are obtained; the main zinc-containing minerals in the lead-sulfur scavenging tailings are sphalerite and marmatite; (2) adding the marmatite combined activator into the sphalerite flotation tailings to activate marmatite, and then adding a collector to perform marmatite flotation operation, so as to obtain marmatite rough concentrate and tailings.

2. A combined activator of the wurtzite group for the recovery of zinc minerals from lead-sulfur cleaning tailings according to claim 1, characterized by: The mass ratio of the copper sulfate and the thiourea is 1.5:

1.

3. A combined activator of the iron-sphalerite group for the recovery of zinc minerals from lead-sulfur scavenger tailings according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it is composed of: The sphalerite flotation operation in the step (1) comprises one roughing and one scavenging operation; the marmatite flotation operation in the step (2) comprises one roughing and one scavenging operation.

4. A combined activator of franswustite group for the recovery of zinc minerals from lead-sulfur cleaning tailings according to claim 1, characterized by: The sphalerite flotation tailings slurry in the step (1) is heated to 40-50℃ before the marmatite combined activator is added.

5. A combined activator of franswustite group for the recovery of zinc minerals from lead-sulfur cleaning tailings according to claim 1, characterized by: The adding amount of the marmatite combined activator in the step (2) is 50-200g / t.

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