A highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function

Abstract

The invention discloses a highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn crushing function. The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn crushing function comprises a frame, a threshing part and a cleaning part, wherein the threshing part comprises a threshing drum, a concave plate screen and a top plate; a circular material channel is enclosed between the concave plate screen and the top plate, and the threshing drum is rotatably installed in the circular material channel; the threshing drum is provided with threshing teeth; the cleaning part comprises a vibrating screen body, which has a vibrating plate and a fish scale screen arranged in a front-to-back manner; and further comprises a fan for blowing airflow to the fish scale screen; the vibrating plate is tilted and installed with a high front and a low rear, and a stepped pattern is formed on its surface; the threshing part further comprises a plurality of arcuate bars fixed on the concave plate screen, and an array of teeth equidistantly arranged along an arc is formed on the inner side of the arcuate bars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop threshing and cleaning, in particular to a highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn crushing function. Background Art

[0002] Highland barley crops have very long awns, which easily become mixed with the grains and are difficult to remove. Long awns can also become embedded in the stalks. When feeding cattle and sheep in Tibetan areas, the thorns in the awns can pierce their throats, causing inflammation, a serious consequence. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively treat the awns. In the prior art, patent CN 206879501 ​​U discloses an awn removal roller, an awn removal thresher equipped with the awn removal roller, and an awn removal machine. This patent achieves the purpose of awn removal by providing a prying hole structure on the awn removal roller. However, in actual use, the prying hole structure is easily blocked by material, and this solution requires replacing the entire threshing drum structure, which significantly alters the threshing structure and is costly to modify existing threshing and sorting equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn-breaking function that can effectively screen out highland barley awns in the material during the threshing and cleaning process.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn crushing function, which includes a frame, a threshing part, and a cleaning part. The threshing part includes a threshing drum, a concave plate screen, and a top plate. A circular material channel is enclosed between the concave plate screen and the top plate. The threshing drum is rotatably installed in the circular material channel. The inner wall of the top plate has a plurality of propulsion arc plates. The threshing drum has threshing teeth.

[0005] The cleaning part includes a vibrating screen body, which has a vibrating plate and a fish scale screen arranged in a front-to-back manner; it also includes a fan for blowing air to the fish scale screen; the vibrating plate is installed at an angle with the front higher and the back lower, and a stepped pattern is formed on its surface; the material falling from the threshing part falls onto the vibrating plate, and is vibrated to move backward from the vibrating plate through the fish scale screen.

[0006] The threshing part further comprises a plurality of arcuate bars fixed on the concave screen, wherein an array of teeth equidistantly arranged along an arc line is formed on the inner side of the arcuate bars.

[0007] When the threshing part is in operation, the threshing drum rotates continuously in one direction so that the threshed highland barley material moves forward along a spiral path in the circular material channel. By providing an arc-shaped bar with teeth, grooves are formed between the teeth. When the material advances, the highland barley awn is elongated in shape, and the highland barley awn easily enters the grooves between the teeth. The width of the arc-shaped bar is less than the length of the highland barley awn. Preferably, the width of the arc-shaped bar is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the width of the highland barley awn. Since there is material such as straw between both sides of the arc-shaped bar, the straw will act on the part of the highland barley awn exposed at both ends of the arc-shaped bar when it moves circumferentially along the circular material channel under the action of the threshing drum, breaking the highland barley awn, achieving the purpose of crushing the awn, and promoting the threshing of highland barley grains. The above-mentioned arc-shaped bar has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has low cost.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning part also includes a secondary awn crushing mechanism installed on the vibrating plate; the secondary awn crushing mechanism includes a plurality of blocking parts fixed to the vibrating plate, all of the blocking parts are arranged in an array in the left-right direction, and the material moves from front to back on the moving plate; the blocking parts are arranged with the front higher and the back lower, and the inclination angle is greater than the inclination angle of the vibrating plate, so that an acute angle space with an open front side is formed between the blocking parts and the vibrating plate;

[0009] The secondary awn crushing mechanism further includes a plurality of awn crushing elements capable of moving relative to the vibration plate, and all of the awn crushing elements are arranged in a straight line in the left-right direction.

[0010] During the cleaning process of the material, the vibrating plate and the fish scale screen vibrate synchronously to push the material forward. In the process, part of the barley awns are blocked by multiple blocking parts, and the posture gradually changes to a horizontal state. The blocked barley awns accumulate at the root of the blocking part. The awn breaking element can move periodically relative to the vibrating plate to break the barley awns blocked by the blocking part, so that secondary awn breaking can be achieved. When the broken awns reach the fish scale screen part, they are more easily blown away by the airflow, which can greatly reduce the content of barley awns in the cleaned barley.

[0011] Furthermore, the awn shredding elements are each mounted on a mounting shaft that is fixed relative to the frame. During operation, the vibrating plate itself performs reciprocating vibration, thereby feeding the blocked barley awns toward the awn shredding elements to achieve severing of the barley awns. This eliminates the need for a separate motor or other power element for the awn shredding elements, thereby saving costs and reducing the system's failure rate.

[0012] Preferably, the blocking portion has a slit in the middle, along which the awn-crushing element can move, and the position on the vibration plate corresponding to the slit also has a slit, which is aligned with the slit and is longer than the slit. Steps are formed on the vibration plate, resulting in stepped stripes on the vibration plate, with the slit running through several of the steps. During the process of breaking the barley awns, the awns are pushed to the side of the nearest step, breaking the barley awns. The step acts as a check valve, preventing the barley awns from continuing to move forward. In the early stages of the backward vibration of the vibration plate, the barley awns are first pushed backward to between the root of the blocking portion and the step closest to the root of the blocking portion. During this process, the awn-crushing element is located behind the root of the blocking portion. Subsequently, as the vibration plate continues to vibrate backward, the awn-crushing element reaches before the root of the blocking portion and pushes the barley awns to the side of the nearest step, breaking the barley awns. In this way, the breaking position is reasonable and the success rate of breaking is high.

[0013] Furthermore, the secondary awn crushing mechanism further includes a plurality of inclined guide plates placed in front of the blocking portion. During operation, the material first passes through the guide plates and then moves to the blocking portion, which can guide the front and rear vertical barley awns into an inclined posture, making them easier to be intercepted by the blocking portion, thereby preventing the barley awns from being missed.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibrating screen body includes a plurality of the secondary awn crushing mechanisms, which are arranged in the front-rear direction of the vibrating plate, so that multiple awn crushing operations can be performed, thereby increasing the awn crushing effect on the highland barley awns.

[0015] Furthermore, the blocking parts corresponding to the secondary awn-breaking mechanisms are staggered in the left-right direction. This can increase the layout density of the blocking parts in the left-right direction, improve the interception rate of highland barley awns, and allow the broken awns to be intercepted and broken again, thereby improving the awn-breaking effect.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By installing curved teeth on the concave screen, awn crushing can be performed during the threshing process, increasing the amount of awn crushed during threshing. The curved teeth are easy to install and are a low-cost and convenient retrofit for existing conventional threshing and cleaning equipment.

[0018] By installing a secondary barley awn crushing mechanism on the vibrating plate, the longer barley awns contained in the material can be effectively intercepted and broken during the cleaning process, making the barley awns more easily blown away by the airflow generated by the fan, thereby improving the cleaning effect and reducing the impurity content of the obtained barley grains. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn-crushing function;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the structural diagram of the threshing part;

[0021] Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the arc bar;

[0022] Figure 4 This is the structural diagram of the cleaning part;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the vibration plate and the secondary awn-breaking mechanism in the first state;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the vibration plate and the secondary awn-breaking mechanism in the second state;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a top view of the structure of the vibration plate and the secondary crushing mechanism.

[0026] In the figure: 10-frame; 1-threshing drum; 11-threshing teeth; 2-concave screen; 3-top plate; 4-vibrating screen body; 41-vibrating plate; 41a-step portion; 41b-gap; 42-fish scale screen; 43-fan; 5-arc bar; 51-tooth portion; 6-secondary awn crushing mechanism; 61-blocking portion; 62-awn crushing element; 63-guide plate; 64-mounting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn-breaking function shown in the figure comprises a frame 10, a threshing part and a cleaning part. Figure 2 As shown, the threshing part includes a threshing drum 1, a concave screen 2 and a top plate 3; a circular material channel is enclosed between the concave screen 2 and the top plate 3, the threshing drum 1 is rotatably installed in the circular material channel, and the inner wall of the top plate 3 has a plurality of propulsion arc plates; the threshing drum 1 has threshing teeth 11.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the cleaning part includes a vibrating screen body 4, which has a vibrating plate 41 and a fish scale screen 42 arranged in a front-to-back manner; it also includes a fan 43 for blowing air flow to the fish scale screen 42; the vibrating plate 41 is installed tilted with the front higher and the back lower, and a stepped pattern is formed on its surface; the material falling from the threshing part falls onto the vibrating plate 41, and is subjected to vibration and moves backward from the vibrating plate 41 through the fish scale screen 42.

[0030] The threshing part also includes a plurality of arc-shaped bars 5 fixed on the concave screen 2, such as Figure 3As shown, an array of teeth 51 equidistantly arranged along the arc is formed on the inner side of the arc strip 5 .

[0031] When the threshing part is in operation, the threshing drum 1 rotates continuously in one direction so that the threshed highland barley material moves forward along a spiral path in the circular material channel. By providing an arc-shaped bar 5 with a tooth portion 51, a groove is formed between the tooth portions 51. When the material advances, the highland barley awn is elongated in shape and easily enters the groove between the tooth portions 51. The width of the arc-shaped bar 5 is less than the length of the highland barley awn. Preferably, the width of the arc-shaped bar 5 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the width of the highland barley awn. Since there is material such as straw between both sides of the arc-shaped bar 5, the straw will act on the part of the highland barley awn exposed at both ends of the arc-shaped bar 5 when it moves circumferentially along the circular material channel under the action of the threshing drum 1, breaking the highland barley awn, achieving the purpose of crushing the awn, and promoting the threshing of highland barley grains. The above-mentioned arc-shaped bar 5 has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has low cost.

[0032] Preferably, the cleaning part further comprises a secondary awn crushing mechanism 6 mounted on the vibration plate 41; Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the secondary awn crushing mechanism 6 includes a plurality of blocking parts 61 fixed on the vibration plate 41, all of the blocking parts 61 are arranged in an array in the left-right direction, and the material moves from front to back on the moving plate 41; the blocking parts 61 are tilted so as to be higher in the front and lower in the back, and their tilt angles are larger than the tilt angles of the vibration plate 41, so that an acute-angle space with an open front side is formed between the blocking parts 61 and the vibration plate 41; the secondary awn crushing mechanism 6 also includes a plurality of awn crushing elements 62 that can move relative to the vibration plate 41, and all of the awn crushing elements 62 are arranged in a straight line in the left-right direction.

[0033] During the cleaning process of the material, the vibration plate 41 and the fish scale screen 42 vibrate synchronously to push the material forward. In the process, part of the barley awns are blocked by multiple blocking parts 61, and the posture gradually changes to a horizontal state. The blocked barley awns accumulate at the root of the blocking part 61. The awn breaking element 62 can move periodically relative to the vibration plate 41 to break the barley awns blocked by the blocking part 61, so that secondary awn breaking can be achieved. When the broken awns reach the fish scale screen 42, they are more easily blown away by the airflow, which can greatly reduce the content of barley awns in the cleaned barley.

[0034] Preferably, the awn crushing elements 62 are all mounted on a mounting shaft 64, and the mounting shaft 64 is fixed relative to the frame 10. During operation, since the vibration plate 41 itself performs reciprocating vibration motion, the vibration plate 41 can feed the blocked barley awns toward the awn crushing elements 62 to achieve cutting of the barley awns. There is no need to separately provide a motor or other power element for the awn crushing element 62, which can save costs and reduce the failure rate of the system.

[0035] Preferably, the blocking portion 61 has a slit in the middle, and the awn-breaking element 62 can move along the slit, and the position corresponding to the slit on the vibration plate 41 also has a slit 41b, the slit 41b is aligned with the slit, and the length of the slit 41b is longer than the length of the slit. A stepped portion 41a is formed on the vibration plate 41 so that the vibration plate 41 has stepped stripes, and the slit 41b runs through several stepped portions 41a. In the process of breaking the barley awns, the awns-breaking element 62 pushes the barley awns to the side of the nearest stepped portion 41a to break the barley awns, and the stepped portion 41a acts as a check to prevent the barley awns from continuing to move forward. In the early stage of the backward vibration of the vibration plate 41, the barley awns are first pushed backward to between the root of the blocking portion 61 and the stepped portion 41a closest to the root of the blocking portion 61. During this process, the awn-breaking element 62 is located behind the root of the blocking portion 61 (such as Figure 5 As shown), when the vibration plate 41 continues to vibrate backward, the awn-breaking element 62 reaches the root of the blocking portion 61 and pushes the barley awn to the side of the nearest step 41a to break the barley awn (as shown). Figure 6 As shown). In this way, the breaking position is reasonable and the breaking success rate is high.

[0036] Preferably, if Figure 7 As shown, the secondary awn crushing mechanism 6 further includes a plurality of inclined guide plates 63 placed in front of the blocking portion 61. During operation, the material first passes through the guide plates 63 and then moves to the blocking portion 61, which can guide the front and rear vertical barley awns into an inclined posture, making them easier to be intercepted by the blocking portion 61, thereby preventing the barley awns from being missed.

[0037] Preferably, the vibrating screen body 4 includes a plurality of secondary awn crushing mechanisms 6, which are arranged in the front-rear direction of the vibrating plate 41. In this way, multiple awn crushing operations can be performed to increase the awn crushing effect on the highland barley awns.

[0038] Preferably, the blocking parts 61 corresponding to the secondary awn crushing mechanisms 6 are staggered in the left-right direction. In this way, the layout density of the blocking parts 61 in the left-right direction can be increased, the interception rate of the barley awns can be improved, and the broken awns can be intercepted and broken again, thereby improving the awn crushing effect.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highland barley threshing and cleaning device with an awn crushing function, comprising a frame (10), a threshing part and a cleaning part, wherein the threshing part comprises a threshing drum (1), a concave plate screen (2) and a top plate (3); a circular material channel is enclosed between the concave plate screen (2) and the top plate (3), and the threshing drum (1) is rotatably installed in the circular material channel; the threshing drum (1) is provided with threshing teeth (11); The cleaning part includes a vibrating screen body (4), the vibrating screen body (4) having a vibrating plate (41) and a fish scale screen (42) arranged in a front-to-back manner; and a fan (43) for blowing air to the fish scale screen (42); the vibrating plate (41) is installed with its front higher and its back lower, and its surface is formed with stepped patterns; Its characteristics are: The threshing part further comprises a plurality of arc-shaped bars (5) fixed on the concave screen (2), wherein an array of teeth (51) arranged equidistantly along an arc is formed on the inner side of the arc-shaped bars (5), and the width of the arc-shaped bars (5) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the length of the barley awn; The cleaning part further comprises a secondary awn-breaking mechanism (6) mounted on the vibration plate (41); the secondary awn-breaking mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of blocking portions (61) fixed on the vibration plate (41), and all the blocking portions (61) are arranged in an array in the left-right direction; The secondary awn crushing mechanism (6) further includes a plurality of awn crushing elements (62) capable of moving relative to the vibration plate (41), and all of the awn crushing elements (62) are arranged in a straight line in the left-right direction; The blocking portion (61) has a slit in the middle, the awn-breaking element (62) can move along the slit, and the vibration plate (41) also has a slit at a position corresponding to the slit, the slit is aligned with the slit, and the length of the slit is longer than the length of the slit.

2. The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blocking portion (61) is tilted so that it is higher in the front and lower in the back, and its tilt angle is greater than that of the vibration plate (41).

3. The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The awn-breaking elements (62) are all mounted on a mounting shaft (64), and the mounting shaft (64) is fixedly mounted relative to the frame (10).

4. The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The secondary awn crushing mechanism (6) further comprises a plurality of inclined guide plates (63) disposed in front of the blocking portion (61).

5. The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The vibrating screen body (4) includes a plurality of the secondary awn crushing mechanisms (6), and the plurality of the secondary awn crushing mechanisms (6) are arranged in the front-to-back direction of the vibrating plate (41).

6. The highland barley threshing and cleaning device with awn crushing function according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The blocking parts (61) corresponding to the secondary awn-breaking mechanisms (6) are staggered in the left-right direction.

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