Sound absorbing and insulating material and method of manufacture

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, and discloses a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material and a preparation method. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material disclosed in the application comprises sound-insulating layers, sound-absorbing layers and sound-insulating layers connected in sequence. The raw materials of the sound-insulating layers comprise silicone rubber, modified thermoplastic elastomer, hydroxyl silicone oil, a compatibilizer and a crosslinking agent. The raw materials of the sound-absorbing layers comprise ceramsite, cement, a water reducing agent, plant fibers and water. The raw materials of the modified thermoplastic elastomer comprise acrylate rubber, montmorillonite, silicon carbide, MPTMS, butyl acrylate, an initiator and a vulcanizing agent. The preparation method of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material comprises the following steps: (1) preparing the sound-absorbing layers; (2) preparing the modified thermoplastic elastomer; (3) preparing the sound-insulating layers and pressing the sound-absorbing layers and the sound-insulating layers to obtain the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material prepared by the application has good sound-absorbing and sound-insulating effects and can be widely applied to various occasions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, in particular to a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of industrialization, the noise problem of mechanical equipment is increasingly serious, which has a great impact on people's life and work environment. In order to solve this problem, people usually use sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials to reduce noise. However, the existing sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials have certain limitations in sound-absorbing and sound-insulating effects, and cannot be applied to all occasions. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material with good sound-absorbing and sound-insulating effects, especially for mechanical equipment noise control. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, develop a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material with good sound-absorbing and sound-insulating effects, especially for mechanical equipment noise control, the present application provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] On the one hand, the present application provides a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material, which comprises sound-insulating layers, sound-absorbing layers and sound-insulating layers connected in turn; the sound-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 100-140 parts of silicone rubber, 32-57 parts of modified thermoplastic elastomer, 7-13 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 6-11 parts of compatibilizer and 1.5-4 parts of crosslinking agent; the sound-absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 43-55 parts of ceramsite, 26-38 parts of cement, 3.2-5.5 parts of water reducing agent, 7-16 parts of plant fiber and 4-11.4 parts of water; the raw materials of the modified thermoplastic elastomer comprise acrylate rubber, montmorillonite, silicon carbide, MPTMS, butyl acrylate, initiator and vulcanizing agent in a weight ratio of 80-120:18-25:8-14:0.4-0.6:0.3-0.6:0.5-1.2:1.5-2.5.

[0005] By adopting the technical scheme, the modified thermoplastic elastomer is prepared by using MPTMS and butyl acrylate to graft and modify the mixture of montmorillonite and silicon carbide, and then blending the modified mixture of montmorillonite and silicon carbide with acrylate rubber, and adopting a dynamic vulcanization method; the montmorillonite plays a filling and increasing role as a filler, and improves the tensile modulus of the modified thermoplastic elastomer, and is a functional mineral filler; the silicon carbide particles are dispersed into the thermoplastic elastomer and then into the entire sound insulation layer material, so that the compactness is improved, the compressive strength of the sound insulation layer is improved, and the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation layer is strengthened; the silicon carbide dispersed on the surface of the sound insulation layer can also improve the oxidation resistance of the entire sound insulation and sound absorption material, and prolong the service life. The addition of the silicon carbide can also reduce the use of the antioxidant. Research shows that when the amount of the antioxidant is too large, the gel content in the material prepared after irradiation and crosslinking will be significantly reduced, thereby affecting the toughness and strength of the prepared material.

[0006] Optionally, the raw materials of the modified thermoplastic elastomer include acrylate rubber, montmorillonite, silicon carbide, MPTMS, butyl acrylate, an initiator and a vulcanizing agent, and the weight ratio of the acrylate rubber, the montmorillonite, the silicon carbide, the MPTMS, the butyl acrylate, the initiator and the vulcanizing agent is 95:23:12:0.4:0.5:0.5:1.8.

[0007] Optionally, the plant fiber is selected from one or more of bamboo fiber, birch fiber and straw fiber.

[0008] Further, the plant fiber is a modified plant fiber, and a preparation method of the modified plant fiber is as follows: the plant fiber is beaten, dried, subjected to semi-carbonization treatment, and subjected to crushing to obtain fibers with an average length of 1.5-3 mm; the fibers are soaked in a 15-25 wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and then are left to stand for 3-5 h; and the fibers are taken out and dried to obtain the modified plant fiber.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the modified plant fiber is doped into the cement-based sound absorption material, the surface of the semi-carbonized plant fiber still retains part of the hydroxyl groups, the affinity of the plant fiber to the surface of the haydite and the cementitious material is improved, and the dispersion is promoted; meanwhile, the toughness and tensile strength of the semi-carbonized plant fiber are obviously improved, which is beneficial to improving the compressive strength of the sound absorption layer, and the modified plant fiber and the haydite are filled with each other to form more cavities in the cement matrix after the cement is formed, thereby further improving the sound absorption performance.

[0010] Optionally, the sound absorption layer includes the following raw materials in the following weight parts: 43-55 parts of haydite, 28-35 parts of cement, 3.2-5.5 parts of water reducing agent, 7-16 parts of plant fiber, and 6-8 parts of water.

[0011] Optionally, the crosslinking agent is TMPTMA.

[0012] Optionally, the ceramsite comprises coarse ceramsite and fine ceramsite in a weight ratio of 2-4:5, the average particle size of the coarse ceramsite is 2 mm, and the average particle size of the fine ceramsite is 0.7 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the ceramsite comprises coarse ceramsite and fine ceramsite in a weight ratio of 3:5, the average particle size of the coarse ceramsite is 2 mm, and the average particle size of the fine ceramsite is 0.7 mm.

[0014] Further, the water absorption rate of the ceramsite within 1 h is 8-15.5 wt%.

[0015] Preferably, the water absorption rate of the ceramsite within 1 h is 12 wt%.

[0016] In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, adding a water reducing agent and plant fibers into water to obtain a mixed solution, pre-mixing ceramsite and cement, adding the mixed solution into the pre-mixed ceramsite and cement to stir, pouring into a mold to press and form, and obtaining a sound-absorbing layer for standby use;

[0018] S2, adding montmorillonite, silicon carbide, MPTMS, butyl acrylate and an initiator into a solvent to perform a polymerization reaction, filtering, taking the filter residue, drying, mixing the filter residue and acrylate rubber in a mixing mill, then adding a vulcanizing agent to vulcanize, hot-pressing and cold-pressing on a vulcanizing machine, and cooling to obtain a modified thermoplastic elastomer;

[0019] S3, mixing and kneading silicon rubber, hydroxyl silicone oil, a compatibilizer, a crosslinking agent and the modified thermoplastic elastomer obtained in step S2 to obtain a mixed material in a molten state, pouring and coating the mixed material on the surface of the sound-absorbing layer, cooling, and irradiating under nitrogen protection with an irradiation dose of 60-85 kGy to obtain a sound-insulating layer, and pressing the sound-absorbing layer and the sound-insulating layer to obtain the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material.

[0020] Optionally, in step S1, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer is controlled to be 32-46 mm when the sound-absorbing layer is pressed and formed in the mold; and in step S3, the thickness of the sound-insulating layer is controlled to be 11-18 mm after irradiation.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer is controlled to be 40 mm when the sound-absorbing layer is pressed and formed in the mold; and in step S3, the thickness of the sound-insulating layer is controlled to be 14 mm after irradiation.

[0022] In summary, the application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The sound absorbing and insulating material prepared by the present application has good sound absorbing and insulating effects, and can be widely applied to various occasions, such as mechanical equipment noise control.

[0024] 2. The sound absorbing and insulating material prepared by the present application has low raw material cost and simple preparation method, and is suitable for industrial production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with examples.

[0026] The present application designs a sound absorbing and insulating material, which comprises sound insulating layers, sound absorbing layers and sound insulating layers connected in sequence; the sound insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of silicone rubber, 32-57 parts of modified thermoplastic elastomer, 7-13 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 6-11 parts of compatibilizer and 1.5-4 parts of crosslinking agent; the sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-55 parts of ceramsite, 26-38 parts of cement, 3.2-5.5 parts of water reducing agent, 7-16 parts of plant fiber and 4-11.4 parts of water; the raw materials of the modified thermoplastic elastomer comprise acrylate rubber, montmorillonite, silicon carbide, MPTMS, butyl acrylate, initiator and vulcanizing agent in a weight ratio of 80-120:18-25:8-14:0.4-0.6:0.3-0.6:0.5-1.2:1.5-2.5.

[0027] The plant fiber is selected from one or more of bamboo fiber, birch fiber and straw fiber.

[0028] The plant fiber is modified plant fiber, and the preparation method of the modified plant fiber is as follows: the plant fiber is beaten, dried, subjected to semi-carbonization treatment at a treatment time of 55-75 min and a treatment temperature of 160-220℃, crushed to obtain fibers with an average length of 1.5-3 mm, soaked in a 15-25 wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, left to stand for 3-5 h, taken out, dried, and the modified plant fiber is prepared.

[0029] The sound absorbing and insulating material of the present application is prepared by the following method, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1, the water reducing agent and the plant fiber are added to water, stirred to obtain a mixed solution, the ceramsite and the cement are pre-mixed, added to the mixed solution and stirred, poured into a mold and pressed to form, and the sound absorbing layer is prepared and reserved;

[0031] S2, the montmorillonite, the silicon carbide, the MPTMS, the butyl acrylate and the initiator are added to a solvent, subjected to polymerization reaction, filtered, the filter residue is taken out and dried, the filter residue and the acrylate rubber are subjected to internal mixing, then the vulcanizing agent is added for vulcanization, and the modified thermoplastic elastomer is prepared after hot pressing and cold pressing on a vulcanizing machine and cooling.

[0032] S3, the silicone rubber, hydroxyl silicone oil, compatibilizer, crosslinking agent and modified thermoplastic elastomer prepared in step S2 are subjected to mixing and kneading to obtain a mixed material in a molten state, the mixed material is cast on the surface of the sound-absorbing layer, cooled, and subjected to irradiation under nitrogen protection at an irradiation dose of 60-85 kGy to obtain a sound-insulating layer, and the sound-absorbing layer and the sound-insulating layer are subjected to pressing to obtain a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material.

[0033] The technical problem solved by the present application is that the noise of mechanical equipment is increasingly serious, which has a great impact on people's life and work environment. The present application develops a sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material with a three-layer structure of a sound-insulating layer, a sound-absorbing layer and a sound-insulating layer, which has good sound-absorbing and sound-insulating effects, especially in dealing with the noise of mechanical equipment, and can be widely used in various noisy occasions. The sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material prepared by the present application has low raw material cost and simple preparation method, and is suitable for industrial production.

[0034] The raw materials used in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0035] Methyl vinyl silicone rubber, Hubei Rishengchang New Material Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0036] Acrylate rubber, Jinjinle Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0037] Butyl acrylate, Jinan Aocheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0038] Hydroxyl silicone oil, Guangzhou Rongda Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0039] Ethylene-butyl acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer, CAS No.: 64652-60-4;

[0040] Benzoyl peroxide, Fuchen (Tianjin) Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;

[0041] MPTMS (Methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), Jiangsu Chengguang Coupling Agent Co., Ltd.;

[0042] Montmorillonite, Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0043] Silicon carbide, Hubei Xinmingtai Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0044] Ceramsite, Pingxiang Di'er Chemical Filler Co., Ltd. in Jiangxi Province, which is mainly made of ceramic, corundum mullite and feldspar;

[0045] Cement, (silicate cement) Zhengzhou Aikemu Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0046] Water reducing agent, calcium lignosulfonate, Tesco Chemical (Hubei) Co., Ltd.;

[0047] TMPTMA (trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate), Hubei Chengfeng Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0048] Preparation Example 1-5

[0049] Preparation Example 1-5 is a modified thermoplastic elastomer prepared by different proportions of raw materials, see Table 1 for details.

[0050] Among them, the initiator used in Preparation Example 1-5 is benzoyl peroxide, and the vulcanizing agent used in Preparation Example 1-5 is N,N-dicyclohexyl-1,6- hexanediamine.

[0051] The preparation method of the modified thermoplastic elastomer in Preparation Example 1-5 is: montmorillonite, silicon carbide, MPTMS, butyl acrylate and initiator are added to 95wt% ethanol solvent, polymerization reaction is carried out, refluxed for 2h, then filtered, take the filter residue, put the filter residue and acrylate rubber into the mixing machine for mixing 1.5h, the temperature is set to 180℃, then add the vulcanizing agent, hot press in the vulcanizing machine at 195℃ for 5min, cold press for 5min, stand cooling, to prepare the modified thermoplastic elastomer.

[0052] Preparation Example 6-10

[0053] Preparation Example 6-10 is an acoustic layer prepared by different proportions of raw materials, see Table 2 for details.

[0054]

[0055] Among them, the weight ratio of the ceramsite in Preparation Example 6-10 is 3:5 of coarse ceramsite and fine ceramsite, wherein the average particle size of the coarse ceramsite is 2mm, and the average particle size of the fine ceramsite is 0.7mm.

[0056] The water absorption rate of the ceramsite in Preparation Example 6-10 is 12wt% within 1h.

[0057] The plant fiber in Preparation Example 6-10 is unmodified plant fiber, which is a mixture of bamboo fiber and straw fiber with a mass ratio of 1:1, and the average length is 2mm.

[0058] The preparation process of the acoustic layer in Preparation Example 6-10 is: water reducing agent and plant fiber are added to water, stirred to obtain a mixed solution, ceramsite and cement are pre-mixed, added to the mixed solution and stirred, poured into a mold and pressed into shape, and then placed for 12h to obtain the acoustic layer, the thickness of the acoustic layer is about 40mm.

[0059] Preparation Example 11-15

[0060] Preparation Examples 11-15 are sound insulation layers prepared with different raw material ratios, as shown in Table 3.

[0061] In Preparation Examples 11-15, the compatibilizer is an ethylene-butyl acrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer.

[0062] In Preparation Examples 11-15, the crosslinking agent is TMPTMA.

[0063] Preparation of Preparation Examples 11-15: The silicone rubber, hydroxyl silicone oil, compatibilizer, crosslinking agent, and modified thermoplastic elastomer prepared in Preparation Examples 1-5 are subjected to banburying at a temperature of 160°C, followed by kneading for 15 min to obtain a mixture in a molten state. The mixture is cast onto the surface of the sound-absorbing layer prepared in Preparation Examples 6-10, cooled, and subjected to irradiation under nitrogen protection using gamma rays from a 60Co plate source at a dose rate of 5x103Gy / h, with the irradiation dose controlled to be 75 kGy, to obtain a sound insulation layer with a thickness of about 14 mm.

[0064] Examples 1-13

[0065] Examples 1-13 are sound-absorbing sound insulation materials prepared with different raw material ratios, as shown in Table 4.

[0066] In each group of examples, the modified thermoplastic elastomer is the raw material of the thermoplastic elastomer used in the sound insulation layer of the corresponding group of examples.

[0067] The preparation method of Examples 1-13 is as follows: The material forming the sound insulation layer on both sides of the sound-absorbing layer is subjected to pressing to obtain a sound-absorbing sound insulation material with a total thickness of 68 mm.

[0068] Example 14

[0069] Example 14 is based on Example 2, with the difference that the plant fibers in the sound-absorbing layer of Example 14 are modified plant fibers, and the preparation method of the modified plant fibers is as follows: The mixed fibers of bamboo and straw in a mass ratio of 1:1 are beaten, dried, and subjected to semi-carbonization treatment, i.e., heating treatment in an oxygen-free environment, for a treatment time of 70 min and a treatment temperature of 180°C. The fibers are then crushed to obtain fibers with an average length of 2 mm. The fibers are soaked in a 20wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, left to stand for 4 h, taken out, and dried to obtain the modified plant fibers.

[0070] Examples 15-16

[0071] Example 15 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 15 the specific raw material ratio of the sound-absorbing layer is 50 kg of ceramic granules, 30 kg of cement, 4.2 kg of water reducing agent, 13 kg of plant fiber, and 6 kg of water.

[0072] Example 16 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 16 the specific raw material ratio of the sound-absorbing layer is 50 kg of ceramic granules, 30 kg of cement, 4.2 kg of water reducing agent, 13 kg of plant fiber, and 11.4 kg of water.

[0073] Examples 17-19

[0074] Example 17 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 17 the ceramic granules in the sound-absorbing layer include coarse ceramic granules and fine ceramic granules in a weight ratio of 2:5, wherein the coarse ceramic granules have an average particle size of 2 mm and the fine ceramic granules have an average particle size of 0.7 mm.

[0075] Example 18 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 18 the ceramic granules in the sound-absorbing layer include coarse ceramic granules and fine ceramic granules in a weight ratio of 4:5, wherein the coarse ceramic granules have an average particle size of 2 mm and the fine ceramic granules have an average particle size of 0.7 mm.

[0076] Example 19 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 19 the ceramic granules in the sound-absorbing layer include coarse ceramic granules and fine ceramic granules in a weight ratio of 3:5, wherein the coarse ceramic granules have an average particle size of 3.2 mm and the fine ceramic granules have an average particle size of 0.7 mm.

[0077] Examples 20-21

[0078] Example 20 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 20 the ceramic granules in the sound-absorbing layer have a water absorption rate of 15.5 wt% within 1 h.

[0079] Example 21 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 21 the ceramic granules in the sound-absorbing layer have a water absorption rate of 8 wt% within 1 h.

[0080] Examples 22-23

[0081] Example 22 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 22 the thickness of the sound-insulating layer is controlled to be 11 mm, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer is controlled to be 46 mm, and the total thickness of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material is 68 mm, to produce the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material.

[0082] Example 23 is based on Example 2, except that in Example 23 the thickness of the sound-insulating layer is controlled to be 18 mm, the thickness of the sound-absorbing layer is controlled to be 32 mm, and the total thickness of the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material is 68 mm, to produce the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating material.

[0083] Comparative Examples 1-3

[0084] Comparative Example 1 is based on Example 2, except that no silicon carbide is added during the preparation of the modified thermoplastic elastomer in Comparative Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 2 is based on Example 2, except that no montmorillonite is added during the preparation of the modified thermoplastic elastomer in Comparative Example 2.

[0086] Comparative Example 3 is based on Example 2, except that no plant fiber is added in the sound-absorbing layer in Comparative Example 3.

[0087] Performance testing

[0088] The average sound absorption coefficients of Examples 1-23 and Comparative Examples 1-3 at low frequency 100-400 Hz, medium frequency 400-1000 Hz and high frequency 1000-5000 Hz were determined according to the standard GB / T 18696.1-2004, respectively. The sound absorption coefficient is defined as the ratio of the absorbed sound wave intensity to the total incident sound wave intensity when the sound wave is vertically incident to the surface of the material, and the value is between 0 and 1. The average sound absorption coefficient refers to the average value of the sound absorption coefficients in each frequency band. The detection frequency band is set every 50 Hz increase in low frequency (excluding 400 Hz); the detection frequency band is set every 100 Hz increase in medium frequency (including 400 Hz and 1000 Hz); the detection frequency band is set every 500 Hz increase in high frequency (excluding 1000 Hz).

[0089] The determination results are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] By analyzing the data in Table 5 and Table 6, it can be obtained that, when the weight ratio of the acrylate rubber, the montmorillonite and the silicon carbide in the modified thermoplastic elastomer is 95:23:12, the performance of the sound insulation layer is better, so that the average sound absorption coefficient of the sound insulation and sound absorption material prepared is higher; by comparing Example 2 and Example 14 with Comparative Example 3, it can be obtained that, when the plant fiber is added in the preparation of the sound absorption layer, the performance of the sound absorption layer can be obviously enhanced, and when the plant fiber is replaced by the modified plant fiber, the performance of the sound absorption layer is further improved, so that the average sound absorption coefficient of the sound insulation and sound absorption material prepared is further increased; by comparing Examples 1-14 with Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be obtained that, only when the montmorillonite or the silicon carbide is added in the modified thermoplastic elastomer at the same time, the density and the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation layer material can be ensured; by comparing Example 2 with Examples 15 and 16, it can be obtained that, when the weight ratio of the water and the cement in the sound absorption layer is controlled in the range of 0.15-0.3, the performance of the sound absorption layer can be further improved, when the water-cement ratio is too large, the density of the sound absorption layer will be large, which affects the sound absorption performance of the sound absorption layer, and the average sound absorption coefficient of the sound insulation and sound absorption material prepared will be obviously reduced; by comparing Example 2 with Examples 17-21, it can be obtained that, the parameters of the ceramsite in the sound absorption layer will obviously affect the performance of the sound absorption layer, mainly in the proportion of the amount of use of the coarse ceramsite and the fine ceramsite, the particle size of the coarse ceramsite and the fine ceramsite, and the water absorption rate of the ceramsite, which all need to be controlled in a reasonable range.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sound absorbing and sound insulating material, characterized by, The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of silicone rubber, 32-57 parts of modified thermoplastic elastomer, 7-13 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 6-11 parts of compatibilizer, and 1.5-4 parts of crosslinking agent. The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-55 parts of ceramsite, 26-38 parts of cement, 3.2-5.5 parts of water reducing agent, 7-16 parts of plant fiber, and 4-11.4 parts of water. The raw materials of the modified thermoplastic elastomer comprise acrylate rubber, montmorillonite, silicon carbide, methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, butyl acrylate, initiator and vulcanizing agent in a weight ratio of 95:23:12:0.4:0.5:0.5:1.

8. The plant fiber is selected from one or more of bamboo fiber, birch fiber and straw fiber. The plant fiber is modified plant fiber, and the modified plant fiber is prepared by the following method: beating and throwing the plant fiber, drying, semi-carbonization treatment for 55-75 min at a temperature of 160-220℃, crushing to obtain fibers with an average length of 1.5-3 mm, soaking the fibers in a 15-25 wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, standing for 3-5 h, taking out, drying, and obtaining the modified plant fiber. The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-55 parts of ceramsite, 26-38 parts of cement, 3.2-5.5 parts of water reducing agent, 7-16 parts of plant fiber, and 4-11.4 parts of water.

2. A sound absorbing and insulating material according to claim 1, wherein The crosslinking agent is trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.

3. A sound absorbing and insulating material according to claim 1, wherein The ceramsite comprises coarse ceramsite and fine ceramsite in a weight ratio of 2-4:5, the average particle size of the coarse ceramsite is 2 mm, and the average particle size of the fine ceramsite is 0.7 mm.

4. The sound absorbing and insulating material according to claim 1, wherein The water absorption rate of the ceramsite is 8-15.5 wt% within 1 h.

5. A sound absorbing and insulating material according to claim 4, wherein The method comprises the following steps:

6. A method of producing the sound absorbing and sound insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, S1, adding the water reducing agent and plant fiber into water to obtain a mixed solution, pre-mixing the ceramsite and cement, adding the mixed solution into the ceramsite and cement, and pouring into a mold to press and form the sound insulation layer; S2, adding the montmorillonite, silicon carbide, methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, butyl acrylate and initiator into a solvent, polymerizing, filtering, taking the filter residue, drying, mixing the filter residue and acrylate rubber in an internal mixer, then adding the vulcanizing agent to vulcanize, hot pressing and cold pressing on a vulcanizing machine, and cooling to obtain the modified thermoplastic elastomer; S3, mixing the silicone rubber, hydroxyl silicone oil, compatibilizer, crosslinking agent and the modified thermoplastic elastomer obtained in step S2 in an internal mixer to obtain a molten mixture, pouring the mixture on the surface of the sound insulation layer, cooling, and irradiating under nitrogen protection at a dose of 60-85 kGy to obtain the sound insulation layer, and pressing the sound insulation layer and the sound insulation layer to obtain the sound insulation and sound absorption material. In step S1, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is controlled to be 32-46 mm when the sound insulation layer is pressed and formed in the mold; and in step S3, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is controlled to be 11-18 mm after irradiation.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the sound absorbing and insulating material is prepared by mixing the sound absorbing and insulating material with a binder and a solvent, and then drying the mixture. ​

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