A special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of special nutrient regulator for spraying leaf and preparation method, and the weight ratio of each material is as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10-20 parts, complex amino acid raw powder 5-15 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 1-3 parts, rhamnolipid 15-20 parts, chelated titanium potassium 8-12 parts, emulsified pressed sesame oil 2-4 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 50-70 parts, clean water 480-680 parts;The amino acid, lipid, acid and other substances needed by the tobacco leaf petroleum ether extract synthesized by the present application are sprayed, and the phosphorus and potassium nutrition and small molecule active substance sprayed at the same time, promote the photosynthesis and secondary metabolism of leaf, increase the dry matter of leaf and the accumulation of petroleum ether extract synthesis, the yield of petroleum ether extract is increased significantly, the total sugar, potassium content and evaluation quality are improved, the chemical composition is coordinated, and the quality of tobacco leaf is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of plant nutrition regulation, and particularly relates to a leaf spraying special-purpose nutrition regulator for significantly improving the petroleum ether extract yield of flue-cured tobacco, containing various organic and inorganic nutrition components, and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The petroleum ether extract yield is a mixture of various substances (containing lipids, glycosides, organic acids, phenols, etc.) obtained by adding petroleum ether to flue-cured tobacco leaves after drying and crushing according to the standard YC / T176-2003 by Soxhlet extraction method. The tobacco leaves with high petroleum ether extract yield are soft, have sufficient aroma, light offensive odor, comfortable aftertaste, and good quality. The main factors affecting the petroleum ether extract yield of flue-cured tobacco include planting varieties, ecological conditions, cultivation measures, and nutrition status, among which, the nutrition of flue-cured tobacco is a very important aspect affecting the synthesis and accumulation of petroleum ether extract. From the differentiation of leaf bud to maturity and senescence, the flue-cured tobacco leaves perform nutrient absorption, photosynthesis, and material metabolism, and complete the synthesis and accumulation of organic acids, lipids, phenols, and other petroleum ether extracts. In this process, the organic and inorganic nutrients absorbed by the leaves play a very important role in regulating the petroleum ether extract.

[0003] The existing technologies for improving the petroleum ether extract yield of flue-cured tobacco leaves include: 1) adjusting the soil C / N ratio by adding organic fertilizers such as decomposed sesame cake and cow manure to the soil; 2) suitable transplanting and improving leaf maturity; and 3) spraying organic or inorganic nutrients on the leaves to improve the leaf nutrition. These existing technologies can improve the petroleum ether extract yield of tobacco leaves to a certain extent, but cannot significantly solve the problem of low petroleum ether extract yield.

[0004] The present application provides a leaf spraying special-purpose nutrition regulator and a preparation method thereof to overcome the defects of the existing technologies for improving the petroleum ether extract yield of flue-cured tobacco, by spraying to regulate the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the leaves, improve enzyme activity, increase the synthesis and accumulation of organic matters such as lipids, glycosides, organic acids, and phenols, significantly improve the petroleum ether extract yield of flue-cured tobacco leaves, and improve the quality and grade of tobacco leaves based on the existing technologies. SUMMARY

[0005] To this end, the present application provides a leaf spraying special-purpose nutrition regulator and a preparation method thereof to overcome the defects of the existing technologies.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is implemented as follows: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, and the weight ratio of each material is as follows: 10-20 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid raw powder, 1-3 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 15-20 parts of rhamnolipid, 8-12 parts of chelated titanium potassium, 2-4 parts of emulsified pressed sesame oil, 50-70 parts of decomposed sesame cake extract, and 480-680 parts of clean water.

[0007] The preferred weight ratio of each material is as follows: 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of compound amino acid raw powder, 2 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 18 parts of rhamnolipid, 10 parts of chelated titanium potassium, 3 parts of emulsified pressed sesame oil, 62 parts of decomposed sesame cake extract, and 580 parts of clean water.

[0008] A preparation method of the special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying as described above, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0009] Step 1: 62 parts of fully decomposed and pulverized sesame cake are mixed with water at a weight ratio of 1:10, stirred in a container, and soaked for 15 days, and the upper layer of the extract is filtered with a 40-mesh gauze to obtain ingredient A;

[0010] Step 2: 10 parts of compound amino acid raw powder and 2 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester are mixed to obtain ingredient B;

[0011] Step 3: 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 parts of chelated titanium potassium are mixed to obtain ingredient C;

[0012] Step 4: 3 parts of emulsified pressed sesame oil are obtained as ingredient D, and 18 parts of rhamnolipid are obtained as ingredient E;

[0013] Step 5: 580 parts of clean water are added to a reaction kettle, and then ingredients A, B and C are added, stirred at a temperature of 45°C and a speed of 200 r / min for 15 minutes, and then ingredients D and E are added, stirred at a temperature of 45°C and a speed of 200 r / min for another 15 minutes, and then the mixture is filtered with a 40-mesh gauze to obtain the nutrient regulator stock solution.

[0014] The present application has the following positive effects: compared with the prior art, the amino acids, lipids, acids and other substances required for the synthesis of the petroleum ether extract of tobacco leaves are sprayed, and the phosphorus potassium nutrients and small molecule active substances are also sprayed, which promotes the photosynthesis and secondary metabolism of the leaves, increases the dry matter and the synthesis and accumulation of the petroleum ether extract of the leaves, significantly increases the yield of the petroleum ether extract, improves the total sugar content, potassium content and smoking quality, coordinates the chemical components, and improves the quality of the tobacco leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In the specific operation, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) is selected from the commercially available product with the purity of ≥99% (P2O5≥52%, K2O≥34%). The compound amino acid raw powder is selected from the commercially available product, with the moisture content of ≤5% and the total amino acid content of ≥80% (including glycine 4.88%, alanine 5.89%, glutamic acid 14.7%, proline 5.6%, aspartic acid 9.16%, arginine 3.84%, serine 4.01%, glycine 4.88%, and phenylalanine 4.56%). The rhamnolipid is in the liquid form of the food grade. The sucrose fatty acid ester is in the powder form of the food grade (fatty acid, HLB range value 2-16). The chelated titanium potassium is in the form of the 100% water-soluble powder (K2O≥48%, chelated titanium≥2%). The rotten sesame cake extract is obtained by crushing the rotten sesame cake, mixing the cake and water in the weight ratio of 1:10, stirring in a container, soaking for 15 days, and filtering the upper layer of the extract with a 40-mesh gauze (organic matter 0.68%, total nitrogen 0.11%, total phosphorus 0.12%, and total organic acid 1.24%). The emulsified pressed sesame oil is prepared by mixing the pressed sesame oil and the vegetable oil emulsifier (ZR-5) in the weight ratio of 7:3 for more than 24 hours.

[0016] The preparation method of the nutrient regulator is as follows: Step 1: 62 parts of the fully rotten and crushed sesame cake are mixed with water in the weight ratio of 1:10, stirred in a container, soaked for 15 days, and filtered with a 40-mesh gauze to obtain ingredient A; Step 2: 10 parts of the compound amino acid raw powder and 2 parts of the sucrose fatty acid ester are mixed to obtain ingredient B; Step 3: 15 parts of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 parts of the chelated titanium potassium are mixed to obtain ingredient C; Step 4: 3 parts of the emulsified pressed sesame oil is obtained as ingredient D, and 18 parts of the rhamnolipid is obtained as ingredient E; Step 5: clean water 580 parts is added into a reaction kettle, and then the ingredients A, B and C are added, stirred at 45°C and 200 r / min for 15 minutes, then the ingredients D and E are added, stirred at 45°C and 200 r / min for another 15 minutes, and then the mixture is filtered with a 40-mesh gauze to obtain the nutrient regulator stock solution. The stock solution is divided into plastic containers with the name of the nutrient regulator and the method of use printed thereon, and then sealed and stored.

[0017] The application amount and the application method of the nutrient regulator are as follows: specifically, 666.6m 2 The nutrient regulator stock solution 2 kg is mixed with clean water 40-50 kg, and then sprayed on the leaves of the tobacco plants in the vigorous growth period, the present budding period and the round top period by using a knapsack sprayer or a misting machine. The leaves are sprayed on the back and the front in the afternoon after 4 o'clock on sunny days or all day on cloudy days, so as to improve the absorption of the nutrient regulator by the leaves. If it rains 24 hours after the spraying, the spraying should be supplemented in time after the rain stops.

[0018] Example 1: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, each material raw material weight ratio as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 parts, composite amino acid raw powder 15 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 3 parts, rhamnolipid 20 parts, chelated titanium potassium 12 parts, emulsified pressed sesame oil 4 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 70 parts, clean water 680 parts.

[0019] Example 2: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, each material raw material weight percentage as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10 parts, composite amino acid raw powder 5 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 1 part, rhamnolipid 15 parts, chelated titanium potassium 8 parts, emulsified pressed sesame oil 2 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 50 parts, clean water 480 parts.

[0020] Example 3: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, each material raw material weight ratio as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15 parts, composite amino acid raw powder 10 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 2 parts, rhamnolipid 18 parts, chelated titanium potassium 10 parts, emulsified pressed sesame oil 3 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 62 parts, clean water 580 parts.

[0021] Example 4: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, each material raw material weight ratio as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15 parts, composite amino acid raw powder 10 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 2 parts, chelated titanium potassium 10 parts, emulsified pressed sesame oil 3 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 62 parts, clean water 580 parts.

[0022] Example 5: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, each material raw material weight ratio as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 2 parts, rhamnolipid 18 parts, chelated titanium potassium 10 parts, emulsified pressed sesame oil 3 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 62 parts, clean water 580 parts.

[0023] Example 6: a special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying, each material raw material weight ratio as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15 parts, composite amino acid raw powder 10 parts, sucrose fatty acid fat 2 parts, rhamnolipid 18 parts, chelated titanium potassium 10 parts, rotten sesame cake extract 62 parts, clean water 580 parts.

[0024] The special nutrient regulator for leaf spraying of example 3 in the technical scheme of the application is used, and is sprayed in the vigorous growth period, present budding period and round top period of flue-cured tobacco respectively (2kg of the original solution is used each time, and 40-50kg of clean water is added). 2 The test group M: 20kg of rotten sesame cake base fertilizer is applied per 666.6m 2 The prior art control group CK1: 20kg of rotten sesame cake base fertilizer is applied per 666.6m 2 The prior art control group CK2: 20kg of rotten sesame cake base fertilizer is applied per 666.6m 2, and the leaves were sprayed with a foliar fertilizer prepared from potassium sulfate, lecithin, and plant acid three times. The test group and the control group were the same tobacco field, and the planting soil, fertilization, and other field management measures were the same. The tobacco leaves were cured in the same batch curing barn, and the planting variety was Zhongyan 100. The test results are as follows.

[0025] The difference in the petroleum ether extract yield of the test group and the control group: the petroleum ether extract yield of the fresh leaves collected at the 13th leaf position was determined at 65 DEG C, and the results are shown in Table 1. Compared with the control group CK1, the petroleum ether extract yield of the fresh tobacco leaves of the test group M increased by 0.57%, and the petroleum ether extract yield of the cured C3F grade tobacco leaves increased by 0.72%. Compared with the control group CK2, the petroleum ether extract yield of the fresh tobacco leaves of the test group M increased by 0.23%, and the petroleum ether extract yield of the cured C3F grade tobacco leaves increased by 0.43%. Spraying the prepared nutrient regulator of the application significantly improved the petroleum ether extract yield of the tobacco leaves.

[0026] Table 1 Petroleum ether extract yield of the test group and the control group (%)

[0027]

[0028] Note: Different letters represent a significant level of P = 0.05.

[0029] The difference in the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves of the test group and the control group: the results of the chemical composition of the C3F grade tobacco leaves of the test group and the control group are shown in Table 2. Compared with the control groups CK1 and CK2, the total sugar, reducing sugar, and potassium content of the test group M increased significantly, and the nitrogen-containing compounds decreased. Spraying the prepared nutrient regulator of the application can improve the coordination of the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves and improve the intrinsic quality of the tobacco leaves.

[0030] Table 2 Chemical composition of the C3F grade tobacco leaves of the test group and the control group

[0031]

[0032] The difference in the sensory evaluation quality of the test group and the control group: the C3F grade tobacco leaves of the test group and the control group were made into single cigarettes for sensory evaluation, and the results are shown in Table 3. Compared with the control groups CK1 and CK2, the aroma score of the test group M increased by 0.5 points and 0.3 points, respectively, and the total score increased by 2.6 points and 1.2 points, respectively. The sensory evaluation quality of the test group was significantly improved.

[0033] Table 3 Sensory evaluation results of the C3F grade tobacco leaves of the test group and the control group

[0034]

[0035] The special nutrient regulator for improving the petroleum ether extract yield of tobacco leaves prepared by example 3 (PF3), example 4 (PF4), example 5 (PF5) and example 6 (PF6) in the technical scheme of the application is sprayed with 40 kg of water respectively in the vigorous growth period, the present budding period and the round top period of tobacco. The same tobacco field is used for each treatment, the soil, fertilization and other field management measures are the same, the tobacco leaves are cured in the same curing barn, and the planting variety is Zhongyan 100. The petroleum ether extract yield of the tobacco in each treatment is determined, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0036] Table 4 Petroleum ether extract yield of different examples

[0037]

[0038] Note: Different letters represent significant level of P=0.05.

[0039] Compared with PF3, the petroleum ether extract yield of PF4, PF5, PF5 and PF3 is lower due to the absence of rhamnolipid, compound amino acid raw powder and emulsified pressed sesame oil respectively. The petroleum ether extract yield of C3F grade tobacco after curing of PF4 is 0.55% lower than that of PF3, which indicates that rhamnolipid has a greater effect on the petroleum ether extract yield. The petroleum ether extract yield of PF5 is 0.36% lower than that of PF3, which indicates that compound amino acid raw powder has a certain influence on the petroleum ether extract yield. The petroleum ether extract yield of PF6 is 0.18% lower than that of PF3, which indicates that the contribution of emulsified pressed sesame oil to the improvement of the petroleum ether extract yield is lower than that of rhamnolipid and compound amino acid raw powder.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a nutrient regulator specifically for foliar spraying, wherein the weight proportions of the raw materials are as follows: 10-20 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-15 parts compound amino acid powder, 1-3 parts sucrose fatty acid ester, 15-20 parts rhamnose glycolipid, 8-12 parts chelated potassium titanium, 2-4 parts emulsified pressed sesame oil, 50-70 parts fermented sesame cake extract, and 480-680 parts purified water; characterized in that… Its preparation method is as follows: Step 1: Take 62 portions of fully fermented and crushed sesame cakes and mix them with water at a weight ratio of 1:

10. Stir in a container and soak for 15 days. Take the upper layer of extract and filter it through a 40-mesh screen to obtain ingredient A. Step 2: Take 10 parts of compound amino acid raw powder and 2 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, and mix them to obtain ingredient B; Step 3: Take 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 parts of chelated potassium titanium, and mix them to obtain ingredient C; Step 4: Take 3 parts of emulsified pressed sesame oil to obtain ingredient D, and take 18 parts of rhamnolipin to obtain ingredient E; Step 5: Add 580 parts of clean water to the reactor, add ingredients A, B and C, and stir for 15 minutes at 45℃ and 200r / min. Then add ingredients D and E, and stir for another 15 minutes at 45℃ and 200r / min. After mixing thoroughly, filter through a 40-mesh screen to obtain the nutrient regulator stock solution.

2. The method for preparing the foliar spray-specific nutrient regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preferred weights of each raw material are as follows: 15 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts compound amino acid powder, 2 parts sucrose fatty acid ester, 18 parts rhamnolipolipid, 10 parts chelated potassium titanium, 3 parts emulsified pressed sesame oil, 62 parts fermented sesame cake extract, and 580 parts clean water.

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