Fully automatic steel bridge and erecting method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a full-automatic steel bridge and a setting method. The steel bridge comprises a plurality of hollow steel boxes; a driving structure, an assembling structure and an anchoring structure are arranged on the steel boxes; the driving structure is used for adjusting the buoyancy of the steel boxes and driving the steel boxes to move on the water surface; the assembling structure is arranged at the two ends of the steel boxes and used for connecting two adjacent groups of steel boxes into a whole; the anchoring structure comprises a plurality of corbels arranged on the side of the steel box and steel piles arranged in the corbels in the vertical direction and used for positioning the steel box on the water surface. The steel bridge is simple in structure, convenient to operate, has the functions of automatic movement, assembling, anchoring and positioning, the setting speed of the steel bridge is extremely fast, the construction is fast, the formed steel bridge structure is stable, and the steel bridge has great popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to a fully automated steel bridge and its erection method. Background Technology

[0002] The construction scheme for floating piers typically involves using pile drivers or pile-driving vessels to construct steel pipe piles; erecting horizontal and longitudinal bracing between the pile foundations; constructing Bailey bridges; and laying bridge decks. This process involves numerous steps, significant equipment investment, and a long construction period, making rapid and automated construction difficult. To address these issues, some have proposed using floating box structures to construct piers. For example, the Chinese invention patent with patent number "CN115489692A" entitled "A Prefabricated Floating Box Platform and Rotary Drilling Construction Method" describes a floating box platform comprising: a floating box anchoring segment, a standard segment, and a bow segment. Several floating box anchoring segments and standard segments are assembled to form the prefabricated floating box platform. The floating box anchoring segment includes: a landing anchor segment and a ground anchor segment, with at least one standard segment between the landing anchor segment and the ground anchor segment. The landing anchor segment includes a landing anchor and a first lifting device, and the ground anchor segment includes a ground anchor and a second lifting device. The bow segment is located at the near-shore end of the prefabricated floating box platform; one of the landing anchor segments is located at the far-shore end of the prefabricated floating box platform. Although the platform structure is simple to assemble and can be used to construct a construction platform for pile foundation construction on water, the platform structure cannot be self-assembled and can only be adjusted by external power structure. It cannot achieve self-movement, assembly, anchoring, or repositioning, thus its application scope is extremely limited, making widespread promotion and use difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a fully automatic steel bridge and its erection method.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: a fully automatic steel bridge, comprising several hollow steel boxes; the steel boxes are equipped with,

[0005] A drive structure for adjusting the buoyancy of the steel box and driving the steel box to move on the water surface;

[0006] The assembly structure is located at both ends of the steel box and is used to connect two adjacent sets of steel boxes into one unit;

[0007] An anchoring structure, comprising multiple brackets located on the side of the steel box and steel piles vertically inserted through the brackets for positioning the steel box on the water surface.

[0008] According to a fully automatic steel bridge provided in this application, the drive structure includes,

[0009] The water pump includes a drainage water pump and a water injection water pump installed inside a steel box. The inlet pipe of the drainage water pump is located inside the steel box and the outlet pipe is located outside the steel box. The inlet pipe of the water injection water pump is located outside the steel box and the outlet pipe is located inside the steel box.

[0010] The propellers are mounted on both sides of the steel box and are used to control the displacement and direction of the steel box.

[0011] According to the fully automated steel bridge provided in this application, the assembly structure includes,

[0012] Mooring piles, which are pile structures installed at one end of the steel box girder bridge in the longitudinal direction;

[0013] A cable winch is installed at the other end of the steel box along the bridge direction. The cable winch is connected to the mooring pile of another steel box by an assembled cable.

[0014] A locking cable is provided, with one end fixed to the longitudinal end of a set of steel boxes, and the other end fixedly connected to the other end of another set of steel boxes in the longitudinal direction after the two adjacent sets of steel boxes are spliced ​​together.

[0015] According to the fully automatic steel bridge provided in this application, the anchoring structure includes,

[0016] The reaction support is fixed at its lower end to a steel box and its upper end is sleeved on the outside of a steel pile.

[0017] The hydraulic jack has its upper end pressed against the reaction support, and its lower end connected to the steel pile through a pile clamp.

[0018] According to the fully automatic steel bridge provided in this application, the anchoring structure further includes a locking tooth; multiple locking slots are evenly arranged on the side wall of the steel pile; the locking tooth is engaged in the locking slot; the steel box is provided with a limiting structure that restricts the locking tooth from rotating to one side so as to lock the steel box on the steel pile in the vertical downward direction, and a limiting structure that can release the rotation restriction on the locking tooth.

[0019] According to the fully automatic steel bridge provided in this application, the limiting structure includes a tie rod arranged vertically; a plurality of toothed plates are provided on the side of the steel pile; one end of each toothed plate is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the steel pile, and the other end extends vertically upward at an incline, forming a vertically inclined groove with an open top between adjacent toothed plates; the toothed plates are rotatably hinged to a steel box via a horizontal rotating shaft, and a tip that can be inserted into the groove is provided on the side of the toothed plate near the steel pile; the steel box is vertically restricted to the steel pile when the tip is inserted into the groove and the lower end of the tie rod abuts against the side of the toothed plate away from the steel pile; the steel box is disconnected from the steel pile when the tie rod moves vertically upward and the groove disengages from the toothed plate.

[0020] According to the fully automatic steel bridge provided in this application, the steel box is provided with an overlapping plate at the longitudinal end of the bridge; one end of the overlapping plate is fixed to the longitudinal end of the steel box, and the other end extends to the end of another adjacent set of steel boxes when adjacent steel boxes are spliced ​​together.

[0021] A fully automatic steel bridge is characterized in that: the steel box has an inner chamber with an opening on one side at its longitudinal end; the inner chamber is provided with a telescopic single panel that can be pulled out along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and the transverse sides of the inner chamber are provided with sliding grooves arranged in the longitudinal direction of the bridge; the transverse sides of the telescopic single panel are provided with anchor rods that are slidably connected in the sliding grooves.

[0022] This application also provides a fully automatic steel bridge erection method, which is used to erect the aforementioned fully automatic steel bridge and is carried out according to the following steps:

[0023] S1. Move the steel box to the set position using the drive structure on the steel box;

[0024] S2. Adjacent steel boxes are assembled into one unit using a modular assembly structure;

[0025] S3. Use the anchoring structure to insert steel piles into the seabed, and adjust the buoyancy of the steel box girder through the drive structure to keep the steel box girder bridge deck at a suitable elevation.

[0026] S4. Install a ramp structure on the steel box on the shore side to complete the fully automated erection of the steel bridge.

[0027] According to the fully automatic steel bridge erection method provided in this application, in step S3, the method of inserting steel piles into the seabed using an anchoring structure includes: the steel pile passes vertically through the reaction frame on the steel box and extends into the underwater silt; the pile clamp at the lower end of the hydraulic jack installed on the reaction frame is fixed to the steel pile; water is injected into the hollow chamber of the steel box to change the weight of the steel box, so that the steel pile sinks into the silt under the action of gravity until the steel pile sinks to a suitable depth, thus completing the steel pile insertion process.

[0028] The advantages of this application are: 1. This application sets up a driving structure, assembly structure and anchoring structure on a hollow steel box, which can easily move the steel box to the design position and adjust the floating height of the steel box. The overall assembly and connection is very simple and the anchoring is stable. Multiple steel boxes can be connected end to end to easily form a steel bridge structure. The erection of the entire steel bridge can be carried out completely automatically without investing in other large hoisting equipment. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient and it has great promotional value.

[0029] 2. The driving structure of this application includes a water pump. The water pump can quickly change the overall buoyancy of the steel box and adjust the floating height of the steel box by injecting or pumping water into the hollow cavity of the steel box. The operation is very simple and the use is extremely convenient.

[0030] 3. The assembly structure of this application uses mooring bollards and cable winches to connect two adjacent sets of steel boxes. This splicing method is a soft connection, which is simple to operate, convenient to use, and extremely safe. Moreover, the above equipment is completely integrated on the steel box, and no other equipment needs to be invested in later. After the two sets of steel boxes are spliced ​​together, they can be locked together by locking cables, making the connection extremely firm and ensuring excellent safety during use.

[0031] 4. The anchoring structure of this application also includes a reaction frame and a hydraulic jack. The hydraulic jack is connected to the steel pile through a pile clamp. With their cooperation, the steel pile can be easily inserted and the height of the steel box can be adjusted. After the use is completed, they can also be used together to pull the steel pile out from the bottom of the water. The operation is simple and convenient. No large hoisting or pile pulling equipment is required. The structure is simple.

[0032] 5. The steel pile and steel box of this application can be stably connected by the mutual cooperation of the locking teeth and the locking groove. At the same time, when the steel box needs to be adjusted, it will not affect the upward and downward movement of the steel box, making the whole adjustment method very simple. The steel box can use gravity to insert the steel pile under the cooperation of the locking teeth and the locking groove, which is extremely convenient.

[0033] 6. The combination structure of the locking teeth and the tooth groove in this application is extremely simple. The tooth groove is a vertically inclined groove with an open top. With the help of the locking teeth and the pull rod, the upward movement of the steel box is not restricted when the locking teeth are inserted into the tooth groove, but the downward movement of the steel box is restricted. When the pull rod is pulled to disengage the locking teeth from the tooth groove, the steel box can move in both directions. This method not only facilitates the vertical adjustment of the steel box, but also facilitates the operation of driving the steel pile using the weight of the steel box, which greatly improves the efficiency of steel box anchoring and adjustment and reduces the difficulty.

[0034] 7. This application sets up overlapping plates on the steel boxes, with the overlapping plates overlapping between two adjacent sets of steel boxes. This can avoid the problem of large gaps between adjacent steel boxes affecting the safety of personnel passage, improve the integrity of the steel bridge deck, and greatly enhance safety and practicality.

[0035] 8. This application features a telescopic plank on the steel box. The telescopic plank can be retracted into the inner box and pulled out to be attached to the shore side when in use, serving as a plank. In other words, the steel bridge of this application automatically integrates a plank structure, which greatly facilitates the passage of people. Moreover, the structure of the telescopic plank is extremely simple, and it does not take up extra space after being retracted into the inner box, making it easy to store.

[0036] 9. The steel bridge erection method of this application is very simple. The entire bridge erection process can be moved, assembled, anchored and adjusted entirely through the structure on the steel box, without the need for other equipment structures. The construction is very simple and the resulting steel bridge structure has excellent safety.

[0037] 10. This application utilizes the weight of a steel box to drive steel piles. By changing the weight of the steel box, the steel piles automatically sink to the bottom of the water under the pressure of the steel box. The overall operation is simple and the construction is convenient.

[0038] The steel bridge structure proposed in this application is simple and easy to operate. The steel box has the functions of automatic movement, assembly, anchoring and adjustment. The steel bridge can be erected very quickly, the construction is fast, and the resulting steel bridge structure is stable, which has great promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 : A top view of the steel box in this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This application Figure 1 AA view;

[0041] Figure 3 This application Figure 1 BB view;

[0042] Figure 4 This application Figure 1 CC view;

[0043] Figure 5 This application Figure 1 DD view;

[0044] Figure 6 This application Figure 1 EE view;

[0045] Figure 7 This application Figure 4 FF view;

[0046] Figure 8 This application Figure 1 GG view;

[0047] Figure 9 : A schematic diagram of the overlapping structure of the two steel box sections in this application;

[0048] Figure 10 : A schematic diagram of the telescopic single-panel extension and overlap of the steel box in this application;

[0049] Wherein: 1—steel box; 2—bracket; 3—steel pile; 4—water pump; 5—mooring bollard; 6—cable winch; 7—locking cable; 8—reaction support; 9—hydraulic jack; 10—pile clamp; 11—tooth clamp; 12—groove; 13—tie rod; 14—lap plate; 15—inner chamber; 16—telescopic single plate; 17—slide groove; 18—anchor bolt; 19—guardrail socket; 20—lap plate groove. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] This application relates to a fully automated steel bridge and its corresponding erection method. The bridge is constructed using multiple hollow steel boxes, which float on water. These boxes integrate various structures and can be moved, assembled, anchored, and repositioned autonomously. Adjacent boxes are moved, repositioned, and joined together on the water surface before being anchored to form the desired bridge structure, facilitating the passage of personnel and equipment. The steel bridge structure is erected completely automatically, requiring no additional equipment. The overall operation is simple, construction is extremely convenient, and the assembled bridge structure is stable and highly safe. Furthermore, the subsequent dismantling of this steel bridge is also extremely convenient.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figures 1-10As shown, the steel bridge of this application includes several hollow steel boxes 1. The hollow interior of each steel box 1 contains a hollow cavity containing liquid and gas. That is, the steel box 1 of this application can float on the water surface. At the same time, the buoyancy of the steel box 1 can be changed by adjusting the specific gravity of the steel box 1, so that the floating height of the steel box 1 is adjustable.

[0056] The steel box 1 integrates multiple functional modules, including a drive structure, an assembly structure, and an anchoring structure. The drive structure adjusts the buoyancy of the steel box 1 and propels it across the water surface. This drive structure includes components for moving the steel box 1 and for adjusting its buoyancy. Adjusting the buoyancy allows for both adjusting the buoyancy height of the steel box 1 and adjusting its weight to aid in the driving of the steel piles. The assembly structure, located at both ends of the steel box 1, connects adjacent sets of steel box 1 into a single unit. This assembly structure can pull and stretch adjacent sets of steel box 1 together, and after connection, it secures the adjacent sets of steel box 1 together to form a unified steel bridge structure. The anchoring structure includes multiple brackets 2 located on the side of the steel box 1 and steel piles 3 vertically inserted through the brackets 2 to position the steel box 1 on the water surface. The anchoring structure is achieved by inserting the steel piles 3 into the bottom of the water and passing through the brackets 2, which can effectively position the steel box 1 at the designed position on the water surface. The steel piles 3 restrict the horizontal movement of the steel box 1.

[0057] During actual installation, follow these steps:

[0058] S1. Move the steel box 1 to the set position using the drive structure on the steel box 1;

[0059] S2. The adjacent steel boxes 1 are assembled into one unit through the assembly structure;

[0060] S3. Using the anchoring structure, insert steel piles 3 into the bottom of the water, and adjust the buoyancy of the steel box 1 through the driving structure to make the bridge deck of the steel box 1 at a suitable elevation.

[0061] S4. Install a ramp structure on the steel box 1 on the shore side to complete the fully automated erection of the steel bridge.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, the above-described driving structure has been optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the drive structure of this embodiment includes a water pump 4, which is installed inside the steel box 1. The water pump 4 includes a drainage water pump and a water injection water pump. The inlet pipe of the drainage water pump is located inside the steel box 1 and the outlet pipe is located outside the steel box 1. It is used to drain the water inside the steel box 1. The inlet pipe of the water injection water pump is located outside the steel box 1 and the outlet pipe is located inside the steel box 1. It is used to inject the water from the outside into the steel box 1.

[0063] The water pump 4, along with its inlet and outlet pipes, is used to adjust the buoyancy of the steel tank 1. When the water pump 4 injects water into the hollow cavity of the steel tank 1, the specific gravity of the steel tank 1 increases, the buoyancy of the steel tank 1 decreases, the weight of the steel tank 1 increases, and the floating height of the steel tank 1 decreases. When the water pump 4 pumps water out of the hollow cavity of the steel tank 1, the specific gravity of the steel tank 1 decreases, the buoyancy increases, the weight decreases, and the floating height increases.

[0064] The structure of the water pump 4, together with the inlet and outlet pipes, can adjust the floating height of the steel box 1 so that the final bridge deck height of the steel bridge meets the design requirements. On the other hand, it can also adjust the weight of the steel box 1 to facilitate the driving of the steel piles 3.

[0065] In other embodiments of this application, the above-described assembly structure has been optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 1 , 5 As shown in Figure 9, the assembly structure includes a mooring bollard 5, a cable winch 6, and a locking cable 7. The mooring bollard 5 is a pile structure installed at one end of the steel box 1 along the bridge direction. The cable winch 6 is installed at the other end of the steel box 1 along the bridge direction and is connected to the mooring bollard 5 of another steel box 1 through the assembly cable. One end of the locking cable 7 is fixed to the end of a set of steel boxes 1 along the bridge direction, and the other end is fixedly connected to the other end of another set of steel boxes 1 along the bridge direction after the two adjacent sets of steel boxes 1 are assembled.

[0066] The mooring bollard 5 and the cable winch 6 are the traction and tensioning structures during assembly. During assembly, the other end of the assembly cable is first attached to the mooring bollard 5 of the adjacent steel box 1. Then, the cable winch 6 is activated to apply tension to the assembly cable, forcing the two steel boxes 1 to move towards each other. The two cable winches 6 at the ends of the steel boxes 1 along the bridge direction are tensioned synchronously until the ends of the two steel boxes 1 along the bridge direction are joined together. Then, the locking cable 7 is used to fix the two steel boxes 1, thus completing the assembly process of the two steel boxes 1.

[0067] The locking cable 7 is actually a rope structure with loops at both ends. The loops at both ends of the locking cable 7 are respectively fitted onto the vertical posts at the ends of the two sets of steel boxes 1, which can quickly fix the two adjacent sets of steel boxes 1 together.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the above-mentioned anchoring structure has been optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figures 5, 7, and 8, the anchoring structure of this embodiment includes a reaction support 8 and a hydraulic jack 9. The lower end of the reaction support 8 is fixed on the steel box 1, and the upper end is sleeved on the outside of the steel pile 3. The upper end of the hydraulic jack 9 is pressed against the reaction support 8, and the lower end is connected to the steel pile 3 through a pile clamp 10.

[0069] The combined structure of the reaction support 8 and the hydraulic jack 9 can realize both the driving and extraction operations of the steel pile 3. When the steel pile 3 needs to be driven, the steel pile 3 passes vertically through the reaction support on the steel box 1 and extends into the underwater silt. The pile clamp 10 at the lower end of the hydraulic jack 9 installed on the reaction support is fixed to the steel pile 3. Water is injected into the hollow cavity of the steel box 1 to change the weight of the steel box 1, so that the steel pile 3 sinks into the silt under the action of gravity. After the steel pile 3 sinks by a telescopic length, the pile clamp 10 releases the steel pile 3, the hydraulic jack 9 retracts the pile clamp 10, and the pile clamp 10 clamps the steel pile 3 again, and the steel pile 3 is locked to the steel box 1. The weight of the steel box 1 is used again to drive the steel pile 3 to sink, and this process is carried out gradually until the steel pile 3 sinks to a suitable depth, completing the insertion process of the steel pile 3. Throughout the entire pile driving process, the steel box 1 can maintain a constant floating height on the water surface, or its gravity can be adjusted according to the required weight of the pile. At the beginning of pile driving, the required weight is relatively small. As the steel pile 3 is gradually driven deeper, the required weight increases. Water can be injected into the steel box 1 by the water pump 4 to achieve the purpose of gravity adjustment, as long as the steel box 1 is kept floating on the water surface.

[0070] When the steel bridge is completed and pile extraction is required, the steel box 1 can be used as a supporting platform. A hydraulic jack 9 applies a vertically upward pulling force to the steel pile 3, extending the hydraulic jack 9 to its maximum length. Then, the pile clamp 10 clamps the steel pile 3. As the hydraulic jack 9 retracts, it applies another vertically upward pulling force to the steel pile 3. The steel box 1 bears the reaction force, relying on its buoyancy; therefore, the buoyancy of the steel box 1 should be maximized. After the hydraulic jack 9 retracts to its minimum stroke, the pile clamp 10 disengages from the steel pile 3. The process continues gradually, following the steps described above, until the lower end of the steel pile 3 is removed from the water, completing the pile extraction operation.

[0071] In actual use, the connection state between the steel box 1 and the steel pile 3 needs to be changed according to the actual operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, a locking tooth 11 is provided on the steel box 1, and multiple locking slots 12 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the steel pile 3. The locking tooth 11 is engaged in the locking slot 12. The steel box 1 is provided with a limiting structure that restricts the locking tooth 11 from rotating to one side so as to lock the steel box 1 on the steel pile 3 in the vertical downward direction, and can release the rotation restriction on the locking tooth 11.

[0072] During pile driving and extraction operations, vertical movement between steel pile 3 and steel box 1 is unrestricted. When the steel bridge is in use, vertical downward movement of steel pile 3 relative to steel box 1 is unrestricted, but vertical upward movement of steel pile 3 relative to steel box 1 is restricted.

[0073] like Figure 8As shown, the limiting structure includes a vertically arranged pull rod 13, and a plurality of toothed pieces are provided on the side of the steel pile 3. One end of the toothed piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the steel pile 3, and the other end extends vertically upward. A vertically inclined slot 12 with an open upper end is formed between adjacent toothed pieces. The tooth 11 is rotatably hinged to the steel box 1 through a horizontal rotating shaft. The side of the tooth 11 near the steel pile 3 is provided with a tip that can be inserted into the slot 12. When the tip of the steel box 1 is inserted into the slot 12 and the lower end of the pull rod 13 abuts against the side of the tooth 11 away from the steel pile 3, the vertical downward movement of the steel box 1 is restricted and connected to the steel pile 3. When the pull rod 13 moves vertically and disengages from the tooth 11, the steel box 1 is disconnected from the steel pile 3.

[0074] The locking teeth 11 and the locking slots 12 form a unidirectional ratchet gripper structure. When the steel box 1 is inserted into the locking slot 12 at its tip and the lower end of the pull rod 13 abuts against the side of the locking teeth 11 away from the steel pile 3, the vertical downward movement of the steel box 1 relative to the steel pile 3 is restricted. When the steel box 1 is used as a steel bridge, this state prevents the steel box 1 from sinking (even if the steel bridge sinks due to heavy load, it will sink along with the steel pile 3, which will be inserted deeper). At this time, the upward movement of the steel box 1 is unrestricted, and the locking teeth 11 can disengage from the locking slots 12 and then insert into an upward locking slot 12, reconnecting the steel box 1 with the steel pile 3. When the limiting effect of the pull rod 13 is released, the locking teeth 11 flip downward and disengage from the locking slots 12, releasing the limiting connection between the steel pile 3 and the steel box 1, allowing the steel box 1 and the steel pile 3 to move freely vertically.

[0075] To improve the stability of the connection, this embodiment provides four sets of slots 12 on the side wall of the steel pile 3. The four sets of slots 12 are arranged symmetrically in pairs on the side wall of the steel pile 3. Each set of slots 12 includes multiple slots 12 spaced apart along the axial direction of the steel pile 3. The steel box 1 is provided with corresponding locking teeth 11 structures to facilitate the connection between the steel box 1 and the steel pile 3.

[0076] In some embodiments of this application, this embodiment further optimizes some other structures of the steel bridge. In order to avoid large gaps between adjacent steel boxes 1 that affect passage, this embodiment provides an overlapping plate 14 at the longitudinal end of the steel box 1. One end of the overlapping plate 14 is fixed to the longitudinal end of the steel box 1, and the other end extends to the end of another adjacent set of steel boxes 1 when adjacent steel boxes 1 are spliced ​​together.

[0077] In fact, in this embodiment, the steel box 1 has a groove for placing the overlapping plate 14 on the upper end face of the end where the overlapping plate 14 is set, such as... Figure 1 , 6One end of the lap plate 14 is placed in the groove of a set of steel boxes 1, and the other end is placed in the lap plate groove 20 of another set of steel boxes 1 (the two ends of the steel box 1 are respectively provided with grooves and lap plate grooves 20. The groove is a structure for installing the lap plate 14 of the steel box 1, and the lap plate groove 20 is used to place the lap plate 14 of another set of steel boxes 1 when connecting two adjacent steel boxes 1). The upper end surface of the lap plate 14 is flush with the upper surface of the steel box 1. The bridge deck of the final steel bridge is flat and easy to pass.

[0078] In addition, this embodiment also provides an inner chamber 15 with an opening on one side at the longitudinal end of the steel box 1, such as... Figure 1 , 6 As shown in Figure 10, the inner chamber 15 is equipped with a telescopic single panel 16 that can be pulled out along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The transverse bridge direction of the inner chamber 15 is provided with sliding grooves 17 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The transverse bridge direction of the telescopic single panel 16 is provided with anchor rods 18 that are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 17.

[0079] After the steel bridge is assembled, to facilitate the connection between the steel bridge and the shore, this embodiment installs a telescopic panel 16 on the steel box 1 near the shore. When the steel bridge is not yet formed, the telescopic panel 16 retracts and is placed inside the inner box 15 (e.g., Figure 1 and 6 As shown), after the steel bridge is formed, it is pulled out from the inner box 15. The pulling process is very simple. By applying an outward force along the bridge direction to the telescopic slab 16, the anchor rod 18 slides outward in the sliding groove 17 until the telescopic slab 16 extends. The end of the telescopic slab 16 can be attached to the bank side (e.g., Figure 10 As shown, it is used as a springboard to facilitate the passage of personnel and equipment.

[0080] This application also provides two rows of guardrail slots 19 on the upper surface of the steel box 1 in the transverse direction on both sides. Each row includes multiple guardrail slots 19 arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The guardrail slots 19 can be used as the installation and fixing structure for guardrails. By installing guardrails into the guardrail slots 19, the safety of the entire steel bridge during passage can be improved.

[0081] During actual assembly, steel box 1 floats on the water surface. Water pump 4 inside steel box 1 pumps or drains water to adjust its buoyancy. Once the desired position is achieved, pumping or draining stops. Then, the propeller on the side of steel box 1 is used to adjust its position. Combined with the integrated control and positioning system on steel box 1, it gains autonomous movement, automatically adjusting to the set position. The locking cable 7 on steel box 1 is connected to the mooring post 5 on the adjacent section of steel box 1. Then, the cable winch 6 is activated, causing the adjacent steel boxes 1 to move towards each other until they are joined together. The overlapping plate 14 of one section of steel box 1 is adjusted and placed into the overlapping plate groove 20 of the adjacent section, ensuring a smooth, gapless connection between the adjacent sections. After all steel boxes 1 are assembled, the pile clamp 10 is fixedly connected to the steel pile 3, and the hydraulic jack is used. The top 9 extends based on the reaction support 8, driving the steel pile 3 downwards in the opposite direction. At this time, the tip of the clamp 11 is inserted into the groove 12. The steel pile 3 can only move downwards relative to the steel box 1, and cannot move upwards relative to the steel box 1. The pile clamp 10 releases the steel pile 3, the hydraulic jack 9 retracts one stroke, and the pile clamp 10 clamps the steel pile 3 again. Then, the steel pile 3 continues to extend downwards according to the above process until the lower end of the steel pile 3 is inserted below the mud surface. Water is injected into the steel box 1 through the water pump 4 to increase the weight of the steel box 1. Under the action of gravity, the tip of the steel pile 3 continues to sink below the mud surface until it is driven to the set depth. All the steel piles 3 on the steel box 1 are driven into place in this way to complete the fixation of the steel box 1. The telescopic single panel 16 at the ends of the steel box 1 near the shore along both sides of the bridge is pulled out so that the free end of the telescopic single panel 16 overlaps on the ground on the shore to form a plank structure, thus completing the automatic erection of the steel bridge.

[0082] When the steel bridge needs to be dismantled, the telescopic single panel 16 at the ends of the steel box 1 near the shore along both sides of the bridge is pulled back, causing the telescopic single panel 16 to retract into the inner box 15; the tie rod 13 is released from its contact with the slot 11, the pile clamp 10 is used to fix the steel pile 3, and then the water pump 4 is used to pump out the water from the steel box 1, causing the buoyancy of the steel box 1 to increase continuously. Under the action of the buoyancy of the steel box 1, the steel pile 3 is pulled out from below the mud surface, and the steel box 1 floats on the water surface; then the pile clamp 10 is released, and the hydraulic pump... The hydraulic jack 9 extends to its maximum stroke, the pile clamp 10 clamps and fixes the steel pile 3, the hydraulic jack 9 retracts one stroke, and the steel pile 3 is retracted vertically. This process is repeated until the steel pile 3 moves vertically to the set height. The overlapping plate 14 of the adjacent segments is retracted, the locking cable 7 is released from the connection of the mooring pile 5 on the adjacent steel box 1, and the adjacent steel box 1 is released. The pusher on the steel box 1 is used to drive the steel box 1 to move until the steel box 1 is recovered and the steel bridge is dismantled.

[0083] The bridge direction indicated in this application Figure 1 The left and right directions of the middle, the horizontal bridge pointing to Figure 1 The vertical direction in the middle, the vertical direction refers to Figure 1 The direction perpendicular to the paper is defined as follows: the direction perpendicular to the paper outwards is the upward direction, and the direction perpendicular to the paper inwards is the downward direction.

[0084] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fully automatic steel bridge, characterized in that: It includes several hollow steel boxes (1); the steel boxes (1) are provided with, A drive structure for adjusting the buoyancy of the steel box (1) and driving the steel box (1) to move on the water surface; The assembly structure is located at both ends of the steel box (1) and is used to connect two adjacent sets of steel boxes (1) into one unit; An anchoring structure, the anchoring structure including a plurality of brackets (2) located on the side of the steel box (1) and steel piles (3) vertically inserted through the brackets (2) for positioning the steel box (1) on the water surface. The driving structure includes, Water pump (4), the water pump (4) includes a water injection pump and a water drainage pump installed in a steel box (1). The water inlet pipe of the water drainage pump is located inside the steel box (1) and the water outlet pipe is located outside the steel box (1). The water inlet pipe of the water injection pump is located outside the steel box (1) and the water outlet pipe is located inside the steel box (1). The thrusters are located on both sides of the steel box (1) and are used to control the displacement and direction of the steel box (1); The anchoring structure also includes a locking tooth (11); the steel pile (3) has a plurality of slots (12) evenly arranged on its side wall; the locking tooth (11) is engaged in the slot (12); the steel box (1) is provided with a limiting structure that restricts the locking tooth (11) from rotating to one side so as to lock the steel box (1) on the steel pile (3) in the vertical downward direction, and can release the rotation restriction on the locking tooth (11).

2. The fully automatic steel bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly structure includes, Mooring pile (5), the mooring pile (5) is a pile structure installed at one end of the steel box (1) along the bridge direction; Cable winch (6), the cable winch (6) is installed at the other end of the steel box (1) along the bridge, and the cable winch (6) is connected to the mooring pile (5) of another steel box (1) by assembling a cable; Locking cable (7), one end of which is fixed to the end of a set of steel boxes (1) along the bridge direction, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mooring pile (5) of another set of steel boxes (1) after the two adjacent sets of steel boxes (1) are spliced ​​together.

3. The fully automatic steel bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring structure includes, The reaction support (8) is fixed at its lower end to the steel box (1) and at its upper end to the outside of the steel pile (3); A hydraulic jack (9) is used, with its upper end pressed against the reaction support (8) and its lower end connected to the steel pile (3) via a pile clamp (10).

4. A fully automatic steel bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a vertically arranged pull rod (13); the steel pile (3) is provided with multiple toothed pieces on its side; one end of the toothed piece is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the steel pile (3), and the other end extends vertically upward, forming a vertically inclined slot (12) with an open top between adjacent toothed pieces; the tooth (11) is rotatably hinged to the steel box (1) through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the tooth (11) is provided with a tip that can be inserted into the slot (12) on the side near the steel pile (3); the steel box (1) is vertically restricted to move downward when the tip is inserted into the slot (12) and the lower end of the pull rod (13) abuts against the side of the tooth (11) away from the steel pile (3); the steel box (1) is disconnected from the steel pile (3) when the pull rod (13) moves vertically upward and the slot is disengaged from the tooth (11).

5. A fully automatic steel bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The steel box (1) is provided with an overlap plate (14) at the end along the bridge direction; one end of the overlap plate (14) is fixed to the end along the bridge direction of the steel box (1), and the other end extends to the end of another set of steel boxes (1) when adjacent steel boxes (1) are spliced ​​together.

6. A fully automatic steel bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The steel box (1) has an inner box chamber (15) with an opening on one side at the end along the bridge direction; the inner box chamber (15) is provided with a telescopic single panel (16) that can be pulled out along the bridge direction, and the inner box chamber (15) has sliding grooves (17) arranged along the bridge direction on both sides in the transverse direction; the telescopic single panel (16) has anchor rods (18) that are slidably connected in the sliding grooves (17) on both sides in the transverse direction.

7. A fully automated method for erecting steel bridges, characterized in that: The erection method is used to erect a fully automatic steel bridge as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is carried out according to the following steps: S1. Move the steel box (1) to the set position using the drive structure on the steel box (1); S2. The adjacent steel boxes (1) are assembled into one unit by means of the assembly structure; S3. Using the anchoring structure, insert steel piles (3) into the bottom of the water, and adjust the buoyancy of the steel box (1) through the driving structure so that the bridge deck of the steel box (1) is at a suitable elevation. S4. Arrange the scaffolding structure on the steel box (1) on the shore side to complete the fully automatic erection of the steel bridge.

8. The fully automatic steel bridge erection method as described in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the method of inserting the steel pile (3) into the bottom of the water using the anchoring structure includes: the steel pile (3) passes vertically through the reaction frame on the steel box (1) and extends into the underwater silt, the pile clamp (10) at the lower end of the hydraulic jack (9) installed on the reaction frame is fixed to the steel pile (3), water is injected into the hollow cavity of the steel box (1) to change the gravity of the steel box (1), so that the steel pile (3) sinks into the silt under the action of gravity until the steel pile (3) sinks to a suitable depth, and the insertion process of the steel pile (3) is completed.

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