A method for determining the amount of swing of a chimney using a total station

Abstract

The application discloses a method for measuring chimney swing amount by using a total station, and belongs to the field of measurement. The method is used for chimney verticality measurement, and has the characteristics that a total station is used as a measuring instrument, and the single-side swing range of the chimney is ingeniously transmitted to the bottom of the chimney, and the horizontal distance value is used for calculation. The calculation process is simple, and the design value is not used for calculation, so that the error is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a method for measuring the sway of a chimney using a total station. Background Technology

[0002] Chimneys sway and vibrate under strong winds, and regulations strictly define their sway limits. Therefore, finding a suitable method for observing chimney sway is a worthwhile research topic. Currently, the paper "A Discussion on Dynamic Deformation Monitoring Methods for Super High-Rise Buildings" by Deng Rong of Tianjin Urban Construction College explores methods for observing the sway amplitude of super high-rise buildings under strong winds and other external forces. However, this method requires the chimney's design height, and construction errors can cause data deviations; it also requires the use of two instruments, amplifying errors; and its calculations using slope distance are complex. Other studies mainly focus on the verticality or settlement of chimneys as columns, without researching methods for measuring the sway of structures.

[0003] Comparative Reference 1: A method and system for measuring the verticality deviation of a chimney are disclosed, relating to the field of chimney construction and inspection technology. This invention addresses the danger and inconvenience of manually measuring the verticality of chimneys. The method for measuring the verticality deviation of a chimney includes: setting up a leveling measuring instrument at a preset location and establishing an observation coordinate system; wherein the observation coordinate system is a three-dimensional coordinate system; obtaining the coordinates of the first center point of the chimney at a first observation height in the observation coordinate system using the measuring instrument; obtaining the coordinates of the second center point of the chimney at a second observation height in the observation coordinate system using the measuring instrument; and determining the verticality deviation of the chimney based on the coordinates of the first and second center points. This method is suitable for applications requiring safe and convenient measurement of the verticality deviation of chimneys. Previously, methods required fitting the chimney's center coordinates using the measurement results and calculating the chimney's verticality using these coordinates, which was complex, and this invention could not measure the chimney's sway value.

[0004] Comparative Data 2: The article "A Discussion on Dynamic Deformation Monitoring Methods for Super High-Rise Buildings" by Deng Rong of Tianjin Urban Construction College explores the observation methods for the sway amplitude of super high-rise buildings under strong winds and other external forces. It primarily uses angle values ​​measured by a theodolite, combined with slope distance values ​​measured by a rangefinder and the design height of the structure, to calculate the sway amplitude under strong wind conditions. However, this measurement process requires the use of the chimney's design height, which can lead to data deviations due to construction errors. Furthermore, the need to use two instruments in conjunction with the measurement process amplifies the errors. The calculation process is complex because it utilizes slope distance values.

[0005] Comparative Data 3: A method for measuring the verticality of a vertical building. The steps are as follows: Using a theodolite, observe the left generatrix at the top of the chimney and lock the vertical direction of the theodolite, adjusting the horizontal angle to 0 degrees; move the theodolite horizontally to the right generatrix at the top of the chimney and record the horizontal angle α1; divide this horizontal angle by 2 to obtain the angle β1 at the midpoint; move the theodolite horizontally to this angle β1, this point being the midpoint of the top opening; lock the horizontal direction and release the vertical direction, transferring this point to a position 2 / 3 of the height of a person at the bottom of the chimney, and record this point as point 1 on the chimney; then, using the theodolite, observe the left generatrix at the bottom of the chimney, obtaining the midpoint of the bottom opening using the aforementioned method and recording this point as point 2; measure the horizontal distance L between point 1 and point 2 using a steel ruler, which is the vertical deviation of the chimney. This invention cannot measure the chimney's sway value. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for measuring the sway of a chimney using a total station, which is used for measuring the verticality of a chimney. Its feature is that it uses only a total station to measure the sway range of the chimney on one side, which is cleverly transferred to the bottom of the chimney. The horizontal distance value is used for calculation, the calculation process is simple, no design value is used in the calculation, and the error is small.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention discloses a method for measuring chimney sway using a total station, comprising the following steps:

[0009] ① Select a specific windy day, determine the wind force level at the time of measurement, and record it;

[0010] ② Set up the total station perpendicular to the wind direction and at a distance of 1-1.5 times the height of the chimney, and level it;

[0011] ③ Establish temporary control points at the total station installation location and record the installation location of the total station for future use;

[0012] ④ Aim at a feature point on the top edge of the chimney, aiming at the position furthest away from the chimney. This is the measuring point on the top ring of the chimney in a swinging state. Lock the horizontal screw of the total station.

[0013] ⑤ Rotate the telescope of the total station, aim at the bottom circle, and mark the bottom circle mark point 8 in the swing state;

[0014] ⑥ When the strong wind stops, set up the total station on the temporary control point in a light breeze, and center and level it.

[0015] ⑦ Aim at the feature point on the top edge of the chimney. This feature point is the same as the one in step ④. This point is the measuring point on the top ring of the chimney in a light wind. Lock the horizontal screw of the total station and use the prism-free mode to measure the horizontal distance b at this time.

[0016] ⑧ Rotate the total station's aiming head, aim at the bottom circle, mark the bottom circle marker point under light wind conditions, and use the prism-free mode to measure the horizontal distance a at this time;

[0017] ⑨ Use a ruler to measure the distance c between the bottom ring mark point in a light breeze and the bottom ring mark point in a swinging state;

[0018] ⑩ Calculate the correction coefficient d=b / a, and calculate the sway value of one side of the chimney under this wind condition as x=dc;

[0019] Where: x is the value of one side sway of the chimney under a certain wind force;

[0020] c represents the distance between the bottom ring marker point under light wind conditions and the bottom ring marker point under oscillating conditions;

[0021] d is the correction factor;

[0022] b is the horizontal distance between the measuring point on the top ring of the chimney and the temporary control point under light wind conditions;

[0023] 'a' represents the horizontal distance between the chimney base marker and the temporary control point under light wind conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, in step ②, the total station is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and at a distance of 1 times the height of the chimney.

[0025] Furthermore, in step ②, the total station is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and 1.2 times the height of the chimney.

[0026] Furthermore, in step ②, the total station is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and 1.3 times the height of the chimney.

[0027] Furthermore, in step ②, the total station is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and 1.5 times the height of the chimney.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] This invention uses a total station as the measuring instrument, cleverly transferring the unilateral sway range of the chimney to the bottom of the chimney, and using the horizontal distance value for calculation. The calculation process is simple, does not use the design value in the calculation, and has a small error. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 A side view of a method for measuring chimney sway using a total station;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of a method for measuring chimney sway using a total station;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a geometric calculation diagram for a method of measuring chimney sway using a total station;

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-bottom ring of the chimney, 2-top ring of the chimney in light wind, 3-top ring of the chimney in swaying condition, 4-total station, 5-measuring point of the top ring of the chimney in light wind, 6-marking point of the bottom ring in light wind, 7-measuring point of the top ring of the chimney in swaying condition, 8-marking point of the bottom ring in swaying condition. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The implementation of the technical solution will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to more clearly explain its structure and working principle.

[0036] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, this invention is a method for measuring the sway of a chimney using a total station, specifically including the following steps:

[0037] ① Select a specific windy day, determine the wind force level at the time of measurement, and record it;

[0038] ② Set up the total station 4 at a distance that is perpendicular to the wind direction and 1 to 1.5 times the height of the chimney 1, and level it;

[0039] ③ Establish a temporary control point at the location where total station 4 is set up, and record the location of total station 4 for future use;

[0040] ④ Aim at a feature point on the top edge of the chimney, aim at the position that is furthest away, which is the measuring point 7 on the top ring of the chimney in the swinging state, and lock the horizontal screw 4 of the total station.

[0041] ⑤ Rotate the aiming part of the total station 4, aim at the bottom circle, and mark the bottom circle mark point 8 in the swing state;

[0042] ⑥ When the strong wind stops, set up the total station 4 on the temporary control point in a light wind and center and level it;

[0043] ⑦ Aim at the feature point on the top edge of the chimney (the same point as before). This point is the measuring point 5 on the top ring of the chimney under light wind conditions. Lock the horizontal screw 4 of the total station and use the prism-free mode to measure the horizontal distance b at this time.

[0044] ⑧ Rotate the aiming part of the total station 4, aim at the bottom circle, mark the bottom circle mark point 6 under light wind conditions, and measure the horizontal distance a at this time using the prism-free mode;

[0045] ⑨ Use a ruler to measure the distance c between the bottom ring mark 6 in a light breeze and the bottom ring mark 8 in a swaying state;

[0046] ⑩ Calculate the correction coefficient d=b / a, and calculate the sway value of one side of the chimney under this wind condition as x=dc.

[0047] Where: x is the value of one side sway of the chimney under a certain wind force;

[0048] c is the distance between the bottom ring marker 6 under light wind conditions and the bottom ring marker 8 under oscillation conditions;

[0049] d is the correction factor;

[0050] b is the horizontal distance between measuring point 5 on the top ring of the chimney and the temporary control point under light wind conditions;

[0051] a represents the horizontal distance between the chimney base marker 6 and the temporary control point under light wind conditions.

[0052] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the sway of a chimney using a total station, characterized in that, The steps include the following: ① Select a specific windy day, determine the wind force level at the time of measurement, and record it; ② Set up the total station (4) perpendicular to the wind direction and at a distance of 1-1.5 times the height of the chimney (1), and level it; ③Establish a temporary control point at the location where the total station (4) is set up, and record the location of the total station (4) for future use; ④ Aim at a feature point on the top edge of the chimney, aim at the farthest position, which is the measuring point (7) of the top ring of the chimney in the swing state, and lock the total station (4) horizontally. ⑤ Rotate the aiming part of the total station (4), aim at the bottom circle, and mark the bottom circle mark point (8) in the swing state. ⑥ When the strong wind stops, set up the total station (4) on the temporary control point in a light wind and level it; ⑦ Aim at the feature point on the top edge of the chimney. This feature point is the same as the one in step ④. This point is the chimney top ring measuring point (5) under light wind conditions. Lock the total station (4) with the horizontal screw and use the prism-free mode to measure the horizontal distance b at this time. ⑧ Rotate the aiming part of the total station (4), aim at the bottom circle, mark the bottom circle mark point (6) under light wind conditions, and use the prism-free mode to measure the horizontal distance a at this time; ⑨ Use a ruler to measure the distance c between the bottom ring mark (6) in a light breeze and the bottom ring mark (8) in a swinging state; ⑩ Calculate the correction coefficient d=b / a, and calculate the sway value of one side of the chimney under this wind condition as x=dc; Where: x is the value of one side sway of the chimney under a certain wind force; c is the distance between the bottom ring marker (6) in a light breeze and the bottom ring marker (8) in a swinging state; d is the correction factor; b is the horizontal distance between the measuring point (5) on the top ring of the chimney and the temporary control point under light wind conditions; a is the horizontal distance between the chimney base marker (6) and the temporary control point under light wind conditions.

2. The method for measuring chimney sway using a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step ②, the total station (4) is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and at a distance of 1 times the height of the chimney (1).

3. The method for measuring chimney sway using a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step ②, the total station (4) is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and 1.2 times the height of the chimney (1).

4. The method for measuring chimney sway using a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step ②, the total station (4) is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and 1.3 times the height of the chimney (1).

5. The method for measuring chimney sway using a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step ②, the total station (4) is set up at a location perpendicular to the wind direction and 1.5 times the height of the chimney (1).

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