Reed and methods for making reeds

Abstract

In recent years, new applications for fabrics have been constantly emerging, such as as filter media. To meet the requirements of such applications, very fine fabrics are needed, which can only be manufactured using reeds with correspondingly small pitches. In the case of manufacturing such reeds, physical effects such as capillary effect, which are currently negligible in the case of manufacturing reeds with larger pitches, occur due to the small spacing between the reed teeth. The object of the present invention is to describe a reed with a pitch of up to one-eighth of a millimeter, taking into account these characteristics, and a method for manufacturing it.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Weaving machines have been known since the 17th century. Since then, weaving machine technology has developed very rapidly. Over time, this has made it possible to produce increasingly fine fabrics with increasing precision. The basic working principles of weaving machines and weaving methods, however, remain unchanged and will not be described in more detail here, but are assumed to be known. The reed of the weaving machine has a significant influence on the development of weaving machines. Typically, the reed consists of a large number of teeth arranged side by side in the width direction while maintaining a uniform spacing. Due to the spacing, gaps are formed between adjacent teeth in the width direction of the machine. During the weaving operation, warp threads are guided through these gaps. Therefore, the reed has a direct influence on the positioning of the warp threads in the width direction of the weaving machine and, therefore, also on the position of the warp threads in the subsequent fabric. Irregularities in the reed thus lead to irregularities (e.g., stripes) in the resulting fabric during weaving. A characteristic parameter of the reed is its pitch, which is the sum of the width of the teeth and the width of the gaps between the teeth. Pitch describes how densely (finely) the teeth, or the gaps between the teeth, are arranged sequentially, and how fine the fabric produced by the reed is accordingly. While the basic structure of the reed has remained largely unchanged for centuries, design variations have occurred, generally aimed at making the reed's manufacture more economical and / or precise. Early reeds had teeth formed from reed stalks, quickly transitioning to teeth made from metal strips, where the teeth were made from increasingly thinner metal strips as the reed's fineness increased. Today, reeds typically have a smaller pitch of 80 teeth or more per centimeter. The metal strips from which the teeth are made are therefore so thin that they are very flexible and could more accurately be called foil. In the case of reeds with a coarser pitch, it is known that the teeth are bound together with thread (e.g., cotton yarn) and profile bars (mostly semi-circular bars) extending in the width direction. Here, the thread serves to adjust the spacing between adjacent teeth, thus achieving the desired tooth gap. On the other hand, the binding of the thread is used to create a connection between the teeth and the profile bar that is strong enough for further manufacturing steps (such as the bonding of the reed). Background Technology

[0002] GB727546A specifies a reed connected to cotton yarn. Semicircular rods are arranged at the end regions of the teeth of the reed, wherein the teeth are surrounded between each pair of semicircular rods facing each other in the vertical direction. Cotton yarn is wound spirally around each pair of opposing semicircular rods, wherein loops of spirally wound cotton yarn extend correspondingly between adjacent teeth of the reed, thus ensuring the spacing between adjacent teeth. To establish a strong connection between the teeth and the semicircular rods, the cotton yarn is typically soaked in bitumen. The bitumen hardens into a solid block after the reed is bound, facilitating a strong connection between the components of the reed.

[0003] DE2428097 specifies a method for manufacturing reeds in which the reed is bound with nylon yarn instead of metal wire. Here, the nylon yarn should not affect the spacing of the teeth of the reed. Therefore, the nylon yarn should be a low-twist nylon yarn, which does not resist or only resists minor resistance to deformation in its cross-section. Instead, the teeth are precisely positioned in their final positions by a suitable machine in this manufacturing method. The nylon yarn is elastic and, in a pre-tensioned state, is wound around the profile bar (guide) of the reed, such that the profile bar clamps the teeth in their final positions. This clamping should prevent slippage of the teeth. The teeth are then bonded together in a known manner (usually with a U-shaped profile). In the case of bonding, a viscous adhesive is introduced between the teeth of the reed, where capillary forces act on the teeth. A disadvantage here is that capillary forces may cause deformation and / or uneven displacement of the teeth in the bonded area. The smaller the spacing between the teeth and the thinner the teeth themselves (i.e., especially in the case of reeds with smaller pitches), the stronger this effect. Nylon yarn, as described in DE2428097, is unsuitable for reeds with smaller pitches because its slight stress cannot offset deformation.

[0004] A similar problem arises in the reed disclosed in GB 693629A. The reed described there is bound with thermoplastic yarn. However, the teeth, yarn, and profile bar are not bonded together by casting with adhesive, but rather connected by the softening and subsequent hardening of the thermoplastic yarn. In the case of softening, the yarn loses its preload and resistance and can deform between the teeth of the reed. Here, the position of the teeth relative to each other can no longer be ensured. Therefore, uniform spacing between the individual teeth of the reed cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] The increasing demands for precision and finer manufacturing of reeds have led to the use of metal wire as a substitute for yarn in binding reeds. CA2130760C, for example, describes a reed bound with metal wire. After binding, the ends of the teeth are inserted into the open sides of U-shaped profiles and bonded within these U-shaped profiles with glue or adhesive to establish a strong connection between the various components of the reed. Using thinner thread instead of cotton yarn can produce a smaller spacing between the teeth. However, this technique has the disadvantage that the thread thickness must match the corresponding required spacing between the teeth. Therefore, reed manufacturers must allow for an appropriate amount of thread to accommodate any desired spacing between the reed teeth. Furthermore, the common manufacturing tolerances of metallic wire today, especially in the manufacture of very fine reeds (more than 80 teeth / cm, or a pitch less than one-eighth of a millimeter), i.e., reeds with very small gaps between the teeth, lead to inaccuracies in the reed itself and, consequently, in the fabric made from it. For example, a thread that is too large in diameter results in an excessively large gap between adjacent teeth. These gap errors accumulate through the numerous teeth of the reed, causing the reed to eventually become too large. An excessively large reed, however, cannot be used in a weaving machine. Therefore, attempts to improve this technology have been made in the past.

[0006] In recent years, new application areas for fabrics have emerged, such as as filter media. WO2017060765A2 describes the requirements for fabrics (“synthetic monofilament precision fabrics”) for such applications: a very uniform fabric with a uniform yarn pitch is needed, so that the fabric has the desired properties at every point. To meet the requirements of these applications, fabrics with very small pitches are additionally required. Thus, for example, WO2020115625 describes a fabric for a diesel filter suitable for filtering water from a diesel-water mixture. For this purpose, a fabric woven from yarns with yarn diameters between 10 μm and 90 μm and a mesh spacing between 5 μm and 150 μm is used. To manufacture such a fabric, a reed with a pitch of 15 μm to 240 μm is required. Another example of a new application area for fine fabrics is described in WO2019025885A1. Here, the fabric is used as a water-permeable or air-permeable seal for speakers in smartphones to prevent dust (solid particles). Such fabrics also require reeds with smaller pitches of 20 μm to 300 μm. Further examples are disclosed in WO2011132062A1 and EP3219837A1. However, the reeds described in the preceding paragraphs are unsuitable for manufacturing such fine fabrics while maintaining the required uniformity. The prior art is now discussed in an attempt to illustrate suitable reeds for manufacturing such fine fabrics.

[0007] EP3425096A1 describes the current prior art in paragraphs

[0002] to

[0015] , particularly regarding reeds with smaller pitches. To achieve a smaller pitch, the teeth of the reed have a smaller thickness, which can be less than 0.1 mm. As also described below, such teeth, due to their smaller thickness, have higher flexibility. This flexibility of the teeth makes the manufacture of reeds with smaller pitches difficult due to “processing problems.”

[0008] Furthermore, the increased capillary force mentioned earlier acts between the teeth in the case of reed bonding. Because the tooth thickness is involved in the square of the formula used to calculate the resisting torque to prevent bending, the thin teeth required for fine reeds are precisely those that are very flexible and bendable. The capillary force between the teeth can therefore cause such teeth to deform or shift due to their high flexibility (smaller restoring force in the case of bending). The result is irregularity in the reed.

[0009] EP3425095B1 discloses a reed whose teeth are designed such that, despite the capillary forces that occur during reed bonding, maintaining the same spacing between adjacent teeth is ensured. For this purpose, the teeth have spacers that provide a minimum spacing between adjacent joints. This should prevent irregularities or deformation of the teeth due to the formation of capillary forces during tooth bonding. The spacers, however, only react to the capillary forces when the minimum spacing is achieved, thus limiting irregularities. Nevertheless, this may result in different sizes of spacing between adjacent teeth of the reed, leading to irregularities in the fabric during weaving. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In the context of the current prior art, the objective of this invention is to describe a reed with fine pitch that offsets the small movement of its teeth due to capillary forces, and a method for manufacturing the reed.

[0011] This task is solved by a reed according to the invention and a method according to the invention. The reed for a knitting machine, with a pitch of a maximum of one-eighth of a millimeter, comprises at least two teeth, wherein the teeth extend primarily in their longitudinal direction and are arranged side-by-side with tooth gaps in their width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal extension. The tooth gap is the empty space between adjacent teeth, formed by the spacing of the teeth in their width direction. Each of the at least two teeth has at least two end faces that constrain the respective teeth in a height direction perpendicular to both their longitudinal and width directions and are spaced apart from each other in that height direction. The reed includes at least two profile bars forming a functional pair, which abut (preferably faceted) at at least two end faces and are arranged opposite each other in the height direction. The profile bars extend primarily in the width direction and have a generally semi-circular profile cross-section in a plane opened by the longitudinal and height directions. However, any other profile cross-section is equally conceivable, such as a rectangular cross-section. Preferably, the reed comprises four profile bars forming two functional pairs. Furthermore, the reed includes at least one connecting device that at least partially surrounds and pulls together at least two opposing profile bars forming a functional pair, wherein the connecting device extends at least partially in the tooth gap between at least two teeth. Typically, the connecting device is helically wound around the functional pair of profile bars, wherein the teeth are within at least one coil of the helically arranged connecting device. Multiple coils may be arranged between two teeth. The connecting device is a textile yarn comprising multiple filaments, wherein the textile yarn has a greater width in the width direction in at least one position where it is in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars than in the region between the profile bars in the height direction. When the profile bars have a semi-circular cross-section, the yarn is typically placed at the circumference of the semi-circle and has direct contact with the profile bars in this region. In this region, the textile yarn extends in the width direction with a width greater than the width of the textile yarn through the tooth gap through which it extends. It thus widens outside the tooth gap. Therefore, the contact surface between the textile yarn and the profile bar is increased, and thus the increased friction surface prevents the yarn from slipping on the profile bar. Consequently, the position of the teeth in the width direction is also better fixed by the textile yarn. In this way, reeds with fine pitch and precise orientation of their teeth and tooth gaps in the width direction can be manufactured. The textile yarn thus has a direct effect on ensuring the position or the position of the teeth. Because the widening of the textile yarn occurs while maintaining the yarn volume, the height of the yarn perpendicular to the width direction decreases in the widened region. The yarn cross-section is therefore not circular in these regions. Surprisingly, it is also evident that reeds with relatively small pitches of one-eighth of a millimeter or less can be manufactured particularly uniformly in the above manner. This is more uniform in tooth gaps than is achievable in the common case where metal wire is used as a bonding element in reeds.

[0012] Advantageously, the textile yarn is elastic. Preferably, the textile yarn elastically pre-tensions the profile bar. Utilizing the elasticity of the textile yarn, the teeth can be fixed in their position under pre-tension before being bonded to the reed. This has the advantage that minor movement in the reed can be compensated for by the stretching or shrinking of the textile yarn without completely losing the pre-tension. Thus, the pre-tension, which can be minimally varied, prevents the previously connected teeth from loosening or shifting between the profile bars.

[0013] It is particularly advantageous that the textile yarn has adjacent loops with such a large width in the width direction that adjacent loops are abutting each other at least in at least one position where they are in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars. Therefore, at least partially, there is no spacing between adjacent loops of the textile yarn in the width direction. Through the contact of adjacent loops of the textile yarn, these loops mutually ensure their position relative to the profile bars and thus prevent displacement in the width direction of the teeth of the reed that are functionally connected to these loops.

[0014] Further advantages arise when the filaments of the textile yarn have a maximum diameter that corresponds to at most half the width of the tooth gap in the width direction. Advantageously, the filaments have a maximum diameter of at most one-third, preferably at most one-quarter, of the width of the tooth gap in the width direction. Such a textile yarn is compressible and matches the tooth gap in its dimensions in the width direction, while simultaneously providing sufficiently large resistance to compression when the width of the tooth gap is less than its nominal size. Thus, the textile yarn reacts to the deformation and / or displacement of the teeth in the width direction, for example, due to capillary forces in the case of bonding, and thus improves the uniformity of the reed's tooth gap. Similarly, the number of filaments in the yarn can affect the uniformity of the reed. Advantageously, the reed comprises at least five filaments, but preferably at least fifteen filaments.

[0015] Advantageously, the textile yarn can be compressed under applied compressive force, wherein the compressive force gradually increases with increasing compression of the textile yarn. Textile yarns with these properties can prevent the formation of irregular tooth gaps in the reed in such a way that the compressive force, especially in the case of reed bonding, reacts against the capillary force acting on the teeth, when the nominal dimension is less than the width of the tooth gap.

[0016] When the textile yarn abuts against at least one tooth on each side of the reed in the width direction, in the region between the profile bars in the height direction, a further advantage regarding the uniformity of the tooth gap is achieved. In these regions, the textile yarn thus at least partially fills the entire tooth gap between adjacent teeth in the width direction. For this purpose, the textile yarn is advantageously compressed to the nominal size of the tooth gap during reed assembly. The textile yarn therefore advantageously has a diameter larger than the nominal size of the tooth gap, yet can be compressed to the nominal size of the tooth gap.

[0017] The textile yarn is advantageously twisted and has a twist coefficient α of at least 20, wherein the following formula applies to the twist coefficient α:

[0018]

[0019] in

[0020] t = number of twists per meter of textile yarn

[0021] P t = The fineness of textile yarn, measured in tex.

[0022] Advantageously, textile yarns, however, have a twist coefficient of 20 to 100. The twist coefficient is described in DIN EN ISO 2061 and is given unitlessly in that standard. The standard is implemented as follows: "The twist coefficient describes the angle occupied by the fibers relative to the yarn axis at the yarn surface and is a measure of the stiffness of the yarn produced by twisting. Here, the twist of the yarn corresponds to a 360° twist around the longitudinal axis of the yarn. The twist of the yarn can affect its cross-sectional shape and its tensile and compressive properties. The twist coefficient is often also referred to in the literature as twist or twist factor. It characterizes the twist stiffness and is suitable for comparing the tensile and compressive properties of yarns of different finenesses. The twist coefficient indicates the number of twists per meter of length, which, in the case of the same twist stiffness, has a parameter with a fineness of 1000 tex." Consider the yarn. Yarns have the same twist stiffness when their twist coefficient is the same. Clearly, in the case of fine reeds with bound yarns, the tensile and compressive properties of yarns with twist coefficients within the aforementioned selection range bring advantages due to the uniformity of the reed. However, it is particularly advantageous for the yarn to have a twist coefficient of 45 to 65. Here, the yarn is compressed at least up to the nominal dimension of the tooth gap width. However, if it is below the nominal dimension of the tooth gap width, the compressive force gradually increases with increasing compression. The increasing compressive force reacts in this way to the nominal dimension below the tooth gap width.

[0023] Further advantages are derived when the textile yarn has 500 to 2000 twists per meter. Advantageously, the textile yarn, however, has 800 to 1800 twists per meter. With the number of twists per meter of yarn, the tensile and compressive properties of the textile yarn can be matched such that, in the case of manufacturing reeds, the most uniform tooth gap can be obtained.

[0024] Advantageously, the textile yarn has at least one filament comprising at least one of the following materials: polyamide, polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6, polyester, polyimide, polyamide-imide, polypropylene, and polyurethane. In particular, polyamide is suitable for forming textile yarns with desired tensile and compressive properties due to its material properties. Advantageously, the textile yarn may also be composed of other materials not mentioned in the above list, but which make it possible to form yarns with desired tensile and compressive properties. The filaments of the textile yarn may also advantageously comprise more than one material. The textile yarn may therefore include, for example, polyamide filaments and polyester filaments, different polyamide filaments, or different polyester filaments. Advantageously, however, all filaments of the textile yarn comprise polyamide.

[0025] To obtain the most uniform preload and tooth clearance possible, it is advantageous for the textile yarn to have a maximum tensile force related to fineness of at least 20 cN / tex. Advantageously, the textile yarn should have a maximum tensile force related to fineness of 100 cN / tex. However, it is particularly advantageous for the textile yarn to have a maximum tensile force related to fineness of 30 cN / tex to 60 cN / tex. The maximum tensile force related to fineness can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 2062.

[0026] Further advantages are derived when the textile yarn has a maximum tensile elongation of 10% to 80%, preferably 20% to 45%. The maximum tensile elongation can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 2062.

[0027] An advantageous embodiment of the reed does not include spacers with a pre-defined width of the tooth gap between at least two teeth. The spacers can be, for example, metal (substantially incompressible) thread, a metal spiral, or a spring. Such spacers are known in the prior art and are used in addition to coupling devices. In the case of reeds according to the prior art, they are arranged between the teeth of the reed. Especially in the case of reeds with smaller pitches of less than 0.1 mm, this is often associated with very complex manual work. Therefore, the manufacture of a reed with more than 150 teeth per cm, in which spacers are inserted between the teeth, can take several months. Therefore, this technique is not suitable for the industrial manufacture of reeds with such small pitches.

[0028] Advantageously, at least one tooth of the reed has at least one spacer block that protrudes at least on one side of the portion of the tooth in the width direction B and prevents it from falling below the minimum spacing between the at least one adjacent tooth in the width direction B. Such a spacer block is known from EP3425095B1. Here, for example... Figure 4 and 5 The tooth of the reed (#16) is shown, which has spacers (#30). All embodiments of the spacers disclosed in the patent document are advantageously combinable with the teachings of the present invention. The spacers can be used to counteract the capillary forces that occur between adjacent teeth. Thus, the tooth gaps of the reed with a smaller pitch can also be uniformly manufactured.

[0029] The following describes a method for manufacturing a reed with a pitch of up to one-eighth of a millimeter. In a first step, at least two teeth extending primarily in their longitudinal direction are arranged side-by-side in a width direction perpendicular to their longitudinal extension, with a tooth gap constructed. Each of the at least two teeth has two end faces, which are constrained and spaced apart in a height direction perpendicular to their longitudinal and width directions. Next, at least one coupling device is wound around at least two profile bars forming a functional pair and positioned opposite each other in the height direction, i.e., it at least partially surrounds and pulls the at least two profile bars together, i.e., the at least two profile bars are placed on at least two end faces of the at least two teeth. Here, the coupling device extends at least partially in the tooth gap between the at least two teeth. A textile yarn comprising a plurality of filaments is used as the coupling device, wherein the textile yarn is wound in a pre-tensioned manner, i.e., its width in the height direction in the region between the profile bars is wider in the width direction than at at least one position in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars. Pre-tensioned yarn winding means that the yarn is loaded with pre-tension and stretched in order to wind along its longitudinal direction. The textile yarn is widened outside the tooth gap, or its width increases. This increases the contact surface between the textile yarn and the profile bar, and thus prevents the yarn from slipping on the profile bar by increasing the friction surface. Therefore, the position of the teeth in the width direction is also better ensured by the textile yarn. In this way, it is possible to manufacture reeds with precise tooth pitch and precise orientation of their teeth and tooth gaps in the width direction. The described method is applicable to manufacturing reeds with all the features described in the preceding paragraphs.

[0030] Advantageously, the textile yarn is wound under pretension such that it widens in the width direction at at least one position where it is in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars, i.e., the loops of the textile yarn arranged side by side in the width direction are laterally abutted against each other in the width direction. Adjacent loops of the textile yarn are fixed to each other in this way to prevent slippage in the width direction and also to prevent slippage of the reed teeth during manufacturing.

[0031] In an additional step, the textile yarn is compressed in the width direction to the width of the tooth gap between at least two teeth. Here, however, the filaments of the textile yarn are not compressed. The compression of the yarn advantageously causes a change in the position (i.e., displacement) of the filaments and a change in the cross-sectional shape of the yarn, but not the cross-sectional shape of the individual filaments. The filaments are thus advantageously rearranged relative to each other.

[0032] Further advantages arise when the filaments of the textile yarn are compressed at a nominal width below the tooth gap. In this way, the compressive force increases disproportionately below the nominal width, and the textile yarn or its filaments react against the nominal width below the tooth gap. Thus, in the manufacture of reeds, the tooth gap can be ensured to be as uniform as possible. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 Figure 1 A spatial view of a reed with a large number of teeth (2) arranged side by side in the width direction (B) with the tooth gap (5) is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 Figure 2 Showing the passage according to Figure 1 The cross section of the reed lies in a plane opened by the longitudinal (L) and height (H) directions and extends through the tooth gap (5) between the two teeth (2).

[0035] Figure 3 Figure 3 Showing according to Figure 2 The cross section AA.

[0036] Figure 4 Figure 4 Showing according to Figure 2 The cross section BB.

[0037] Figure 5 Figure 5 Showing according to Figure 2 Detail C, in which the textile yarn (4) has twist.

[0038] Figure 6 Figure 6 as Figure 3 The same was shown according to Figure 2 The cross section AA. Compared to Figure 3 , textile yarn (4) however includes more filaments (8).

[0039] Figure 7 Figure 7 as Figure 4 The same was shown according to Figure 2 The cross section BB. In contrast to 4, the adjacent loops of the textile yarn (4) are, however, laterally abutting each other in the width direction (B). Detailed Implementation

[0040] Figure 1 A spatial view of the reed 1 is shown. The reed 1 includes a large number of teeth 2, which are arranged side by side in the width direction B with tooth gaps 5 between adjacent teeth 2. Four profile bars 3 are positioned above and below the teeth 2 in the height direction H. Each pair of profile bars 3, mirror-facing each other in the height direction H, forms a functional pair and surrounds the teeth 2 between them in the height direction H. Each pair of textile yarns 4 is correspondingly spirally surrounded by the functional pair of profile bars 3, so that the loops of the textile yarns 4 are correspondingly extended through their tooth gaps 5 and in this way connect the profile bars 3 and the teeth 2.

[0041] Figure 2 Showing the passage according to Figure 1 The cross-section of the reed 1 is shown. This cross-section extends in a plane opened by the longitudinal direction L and the height direction H and is located in the tooth gap 5 exactly between the two teeth 2. The tooth gap 5 is therefore not labeled in this figure. Only one tooth 2 is shown because it obscures the other teeth 2 of the reed in this view. At the left and right ends of the teeth 2 in the figure, there are two profile bars 3 forming functional pairs. The profile bars 3 are placed on the end faces 6 of the teeth 2 and are pressed against the end faces 6 by the textile yarn 4 that surrounds the profile bars 3 with pre-tension. Thus, a clamping force is applied to the teeth 2, which is suitable for securing the position of the teeth 2 and preventing displacement in the width direction B. In the figure, one loop of textile yarn 4 is wound around each functional pair of profile bars 3. These loops respectively begin at the highest position of the textile yarn 4 in the height direction H, which can be identified as the position where the textile yarn 4 is cut. The cut surface 7 of the textile yarn 4 is shown in shaded. These coils extend in one complete loop around the functional pair of the profile bar 3 and then transition into the next coil of the textile yarn 4, which extends in the tooth gap 5 after the tooth 2 shown.

[0042] Figure 3 Showing according to Figure 2The cross-section AA shows how the textile yarn 4 is arranged in the tooth gaps 5. In this embodiment, the textile yarn 4 consists of eleven filaments 8 and is wound around the profile bar 3 such that a loop of the textile yarn 4 extends in each tooth gap 5. Therefore, the textile yarn 4 is shown cut once in each tooth gap 5 in this figure. The textile yarn 4 is a twisted yarn and has a generally circular cross-section in its original state before being wound around the profile bar 3. In the case of assembling the reed 1, this cross-section is compressed, however. Figure 3 For example, it can be identified that the cross-section of the textile yarn 4 is compressed between the teeth 2 of the reed 1 such that it matches the width 9 of the tooth gap 5 in the width direction B. The textile yarn 4 thus abuts against the teeth 2 on both sides in the width direction B. Here, the positions of the filaments 8 can be moved closer to each other. Preferably, the individual filaments 8 are not compressed. Thus, the textile yarn 4 can be compressed to the nominal size of the width 9 of the tooth gap 5 with a defined force consumption. In the case of a size lower than the nominal size, it is advantageous to produce compression of the individual filaments 8, which requires a significantly greater compressive force. In this way, a reaction can be made to a size lower than the nominal size of the width 9 of the tooth gap 5. This characteristic of the textile yarn 4 can be obtained by the filaments 8 having a maximum diameter 13 that corresponds to a maximum of half the width 9 of the tooth gap 5. Figure 2 The meaning of pitch 11 in this patent application is also shown again. Pitch 11 is the sum of the width 9 of the tooth gap 5 and the tooth width 10 in the width direction B.

[0043] Figure 4 Showing the passage according to Figure 2The cross-section BB of the reed 1 is shown. Numerous teeth 2 are cut out. In the longitudinal direction L after the cross-section, a profile bar 3 is shown above the teeth 2. In the width direction B, one tooth gap 5 is arranged between each adjacent tooth 2. The two tooth gaps 5 on the left in the illustration are completely filled with textile yarn 4 in both the width direction B and the height direction H. The textile yarn 4 thus causes a uniform structure in the tooth gaps 5. For illustrative purposes, three tooth gaps 5 without textile yarn 4 are shown in the illustration. In reality, these tooth gaps 5 are also filled with textile yarn 4. The textile yarn 4 is twisted around its longitudinal axis at a twist angle 12 and exits from the tooth gap 5 above in the height direction H. As it exits the tooth gap 5, the textile yarn abuts against the profile bar 3 and widens in the width direction B. Therefore, it has a greater width in the region where it abuts against the profile bar 3 than in the region where it extends between the teeth 2 in the tooth gap 5. Here, the textile yarn 4 widens in the height direction H with increasing distance from the tooth gap 5, until adjacent loops of the textile yarn 4 are close to each other in the width direction B. In this way, adjacent loops of the textile yarn 4 mutually ensure their position and the position of the tooth 2 in the width direction 2. As the textile yarn 4 widens in the width direction B, its height 14 decreases perpendicular to the width direction B and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the textile yarn 4. This characteristic of the textile yarn 4... Figure 5 It is shown in the middle, which shows according to Figure 2 Detail C. The extent to which the textile yarn 4 widens in the width direction B or shrinks in its height 14 can be affected by the twisting of the textile yarn 4. This effect is more pronounced in the case of weakly twisted yarns (smaller twist angle 12) or untwisted yarns compared to the case of strongly twisted yarns (larger twist angle 12).

[0044] Figure 6 It roughly shows the relationship with Figure 3 Same view. The textile yarn 4, however, includes more filaments (exactly 22 filaments). The filaments have a smaller maximum diameter 13, which is less than one-third the width 9 of the tooth gap 5. Such a textile yarn 4 can better match the tooth gap 5. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a reed 1 with a higher uniformity of tooth gap.

[0045] Figure 7 It roughly shows the relationship with Figure 4 Same view. The textile yarn 4, however, has different elongation and compression characteristics. Similarly, in this embodiment, the textile yarn 4 widens in the width direction B outside the tooth gap 5. Conversely, in... Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the textile yarn 4 is not widened to such an extent that adjacent loops of the textile yarn 4 are sideways to each other in the width direction B.

[0046] Figures 1 to 7The actual dimensions of the various components of reed 1 are not shown in proportion. Therefore, it is not a scale drawing but a schematic sketch showing the basic features of the invention.

[0047] List of reference numerals

[0048] 1. Reed weaving

[0049] 2 teeth

[0050] 3. Profile bar

[0051] 4. Textile yarn

[0052] 5. Tooth gap

[0053] 6 End face

[0054] 7. Cut surface of textile yarn 4

[0055] 8 fine filaments

[0056] 9. Width of tooth gap 5

[0057] 10 tooth width

[0058] 11 pitch

[0059] 12. Twist Angle

[0060] The highest diameter of filament 8 (13)

[0061] 14. Height of textile yarn 4

[0062] B Width direction

[0063] H (height direction)

[0064] L longitudinal

[0065] α twist coefficient

Claims

1. A reed (1) for a braiding machine with a maximum pitch (11) of 1 / 8 mm, having the following characteristics: a) at least two teeth (2), wherein, The teeth (2) extend mainly in their longitudinal direction (L) and are arranged side by side with each other in the case of constructing tooth gaps (5) in the width direction (B) of their extension perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L). b) wherein the at least two teeth (2) respectively have two end faces (6) that limit the corresponding teeth (2) in a height direction (H) extending perpendicular to their longitudinal direction (L) and their width direction (B) and are spaced apart from each other in the height direction (H). c) At least two profile bars (3) forming a functional pair, which abut against the at least two end faces (6) and are positioned opposite each other in the height direction (H). d) At least one connecting device that at least partially surrounds and tensions with each other at least two opposing profile bars (3) forming a functional pair. e) wherein the connecting device extends at least partially in the tooth gap (5) between the at least two teeth (2), Its features are, f) The bonding device is a textile yarn (4), which comprises a plurality of filaments (8), g) The textile yarn (4) has a greater width in the width direction (B) in the region between the contour bars (3) in the height direction (H) than at least one position in which it is in direct contact with at least one of the contour bars (3).

2. The loom reed (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The textile yarn (4) is elastic.

3. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) has adjacent loops that are so wide in the width direction (B) that the adjacent loops are in direct contact with each other at least at a position where they are in direct contact with at least one of the profile bars (3).

4. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The filament (8) has a maximum diameter (13) that is up to half the width (9) of the tooth gap (5).

5. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) can be compressed under the condition of applying a compressive force, wherein the compressive force gradually increases with the increase of compression of the textile yarn (4).

6. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) is located in the region between the profile bars (3) in the height direction (H) and abuts against at least one tooth (2) on each side in the width direction (B).

7. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) is twisted, and the textile yarn (4) has a twist coefficient α of at least 20, wherein the following formula applies to the twist coefficient: in t = the number of twists per meter of the textile yarn (4), P t = the fineness of the textile yarn (4) in tex.

8. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) has at least one filament comprising at least one of the following materials: polyamide, polyester, polyimide, polyamide-imide, polypropylene, and polyurethane.

9. The reed (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The polyamide is polyamide 6.6 or polyamide 6.

10. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) has a fineness-related maximum tensile strength of at least 20 cN / tex.

11. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) has a maximum tensile elongation of 10% to 80%.

12. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) has a maximum tensile elongation of 20% to 45%.

13. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The reed (1) does not include a spacer shim through which the width of the tooth gap (5) between the at least two teeth (2) is pre-given.

14. The reed (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, At least one tooth (2) has at least one spacer block that protrudes at least on one side relative to a large portion of the tooth (2) in the width direction (B) and prevents a minimum spacing relative to at least one adjacent tooth (2) in the width direction (B).

15. A method for manufacturing a reed (1) with a pitch (11) of up to 1 / 8 mm, comprising the following steps: a) At least two teeth (2) extending primarily in their longitudinal direction (L) are arranged side by side in the width direction (B) perpendicular to their longitudinal direction (L) in the case of constructing tooth gaps (5). b) wherein the at least two teeth (2) respectively have two end faces (6) that limit the corresponding teeth (2) in a height direction (H) extending perpendicular to their longitudinal direction (L) and their width direction (B) and are spaced apart from each other in the height direction (H). c) At least one coupling device is wound around at least two profile bars (3) that form a functional pair and are positioned opposite each other in the height direction (H) in such a way that it at least partially surrounds the at least two profile bars (3) and pulls them together in such a way that the at least two profile bars (3) are placed on at least two end faces (6) of the at least two teeth (2). d) Among them, The connecting device extends at least partially in the tooth gap (5) between at least two teeth (2). Its features are, e) A textile yarn (4) comprising multiple filaments (8) is used as a bonding device. f) The textile yarn (4) is wound in such a pre-tight condition that it widens in the width direction (B) at at least one position in which it is in direct contact with at least one of the contour bars (3).

16. The method for manufacturing reed (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that, The textile yarn (4) is wound in a pre-tightened state such that it widens in the width direction (B) at at least one position in direct contact with at least one of the contour bars (3), such that the loops of the textile yarn (4) arranged side by side in the width direction (B) are side-by-side in the width direction (B) and abut each other in the width direction (B).

17. The method for manufacturing a reed (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 16, characterized in that, a) The textile yarn (4) is compressed in the width direction (B) between the at least two teeth (2) to the width (9) of the tooth gap (5). b) And the filaments (8) of the textile yarn (4) are not compressed here.

18. The method for manufacturing a reed (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 16, characterized in that, The filaments (8) of the textile yarn (4) are compressed in a manner that is below the nominal size of the width (9) of the tooth gap (5).

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