A carbon intensity monitoring sensor fixture

By designing a support structure with depth and casting reinforcement, the problems of sensor fixation stability and terrain adaptability were solved, achieving stable sensor fixation and accurate measurement.

CN117889318BActive Publication Date: 2026-06-12ZHEJIANG POST & TELECOMM

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
ZHEJIANG POST & TELECOMM
Filing Date
2023-12-21
Publication Date
2026-06-12

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    Figure CN117889318B_ABST
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Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sensor fixing, in particular to a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device, a plurality of groups of carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors are fixedly installed on the upper portion of the support main body through an adjusting mechanism, the support main body is fixed on the ground through a screw plug installation base, the support main body comprises a fixing support mechanism and an adjusting mechanism, the fixing support mechanism further comprises a depth strengthening module and a pouring strengthening module, the depth strengthening module can be inserted into the ground bottom, the fixing effect of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor on the ground is strengthened, the knocking pegs can be selectively knocked into different depths, the stability is increased, the clamping block is clamped into the first clamping groove in the inner side of the connecting plate, the stop block on the rotating ring is rotated, the stop block is staggered with the clamping block, thereby fixing the four groups of pegs in the notch at the bottom end of the connecting plate, the four groups of pegs are stably placed, and the pegs are prevented from being randomly separated during transportation.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sensor mounting technology, and in particular to a mounting device for a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors used in microgrids typically include a variety of sensors such as CR6 data loggers, CO2 / H2O gas analyzers, 3D ultrasonic anemometers, and atmospheric pressure sensors. These sensors have different functions and uses, including but not limited to measuring parameters such as gas concentration, temperature, pressure, and wind speed. By combining the measurement data from various sensors, the carbon emission intensity or concentration can be obtained, and further, electricity consumption and carbon emissions can be calculated. Carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors are usually installed between the power source and load of the microgrid. These sensors are often integrated with the microgrid's energy management system, enabling data acquisition, storage, and analysis through automated systems, providing real-time carbon emission intensity monitoring and early warning functions. In microgrids, to achieve remote monitoring and management, sensors are usually installed around power lines to monitor parameters such as current and voltage in real time. Traditional wired measurement methods not only require wiring but may also be affected by environmental factors. Therefore, most sensors now use wireless communication technologies, such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi connected sensors, to transmit measurement data to a control center or dispatch center for centralized monitoring and management. Wireless sensors have advantages such as simple installation, no wiring required, and strong anti-interference capabilities, and are therefore widely used in microgrids.

[0003] Carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors used in microgrids typically require a bracket to be fixed to the ground. Fixing the sensor to the ground ensures its stability and avoids the influence of natural factors such as wind and earthquakes, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and stability of the measurement results. However, existing bracket fixing methods are relatively complex, have poor stability, and are inconvenient for dealing with complex field terrain. Carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors need to accurately measure the carbon emissions of the microgrid, and airflow and gas concentration distribution in different directions can affect the measurement results. Therefore, adjusting the orientation of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor can align it with the main emission sources or airflow direction, thereby improving measurement accuracy. The carbon emissions of the microgrid may be affected by environmental changes, such as climate and seasons. Adjusting the orientation of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor can better adapt to environmental changes, thus obtaining more accurate measurement results.

[0004] To address this, a fixed device for carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixed device for carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as poor effectiveness of terrain-adaptive fixing and the need to adjust the direction to adapt to the environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device, wherein several sets of carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors are fixedly installed on the upper part of the support body through an adjustment mechanism, the support body is fixed to the ground by screws inserting mounting bases, the support body includes a fixing support mechanism and an adjustment mechanism, the fixing support mechanism further includes a deep reinforcement module and a casting reinforcement module, the deep reinforcement module can be inserted into the ground to enhance the fixing effect of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor on the ground, and the casting reinforcement module shapes the deep reinforcement module, improves the stability of the deep reinforcement module, and ensures the fixing effect.

[0007] Preferably, the deep reinforcement module includes four sets of nails fitted inside the support body. The upper outer side of the nails is fixedly connected with nail handles. The nail handles extend through the slide rail to the outside of the support body and are slidably connected with the slide rail. A notch is opened on one side of the slide rail, and the nail handles are engaged in the groove at the bottom end of the connecting plate fitted on the outside of the support body.

[0008] Preferably, the inner side of the connecting plate is evenly provided with four sets of first slots and four sets of second slots arranged in a ring, and the outer side of the bracket body is evenly provided with four sets of blocks arranged in a ring, all of which are adapted to the first slots and the second slots.

[0009] Preferably, a ring is rotatably connected to the outer side of the slide, and four sets of blocks are evenly arranged in a ring on the outer side of the ring, each block being adapted to the first and second slots.

[0010] Preferably, the rotatable angle of the nail handle is equal to the angle between the first slot and the second slot, and the four sets of nail handles can be combined to form a complete column.

[0011] Preferably, the casting reinforcement module includes a casting cylinder fitted inside four sets of nails, with one end of the casting cylinder connected to a casting channel and the other end of the casting channel extending to the outside of the support body.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a direction rotation module and a position fixing module. The direction rotation module includes a first rotating cylinder rotatably connected to the upper end of the support body, a second rotating cylinder sleeved on the outer side of the first rotating cylinder, and a third rotating cylinder sleeved on the outer side of the second rotating cylinder. A handle is provided on the lower outer side of the first, second, and third rotating cylinders. A first support plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first rotating cylinder, a second support plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the second rotating cylinder, and a third support plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the third rotating cylinder. A carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor is installed on the upper end of the first, second, and third support plates.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the first tray is smaller than the length of the second tray, and the length of the second tray is smaller than the length of the third tray.

[0014] Preferably, the position fixing module includes a counterweight water tank fixedly installed on the upper end of the first support plate. The bottom end of the counterweight water tank passes through the support body and the first rotating drum through a water supply pipe and a water delivery pipe, and is fixedly connected to a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump is fixedly installed on the outside of the support body. A discharge pipe is connected to the water delivery pipe, and a solenoid valve is installed on the discharge pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the water supply pipe and the water delivery pipe are rotatably connected, and the diameter of the water supply pipe is equal to the diameter of the water delivery pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention, through the design of a casting reinforcement module in conjunction with a depth reinforcement module, allows the hammering of four sets of nails to be driven into different depths, increasing stability. The locking block is inserted into the first slot on the inner side of the connecting plate, and the stop block on the ring is rotated to offset the stop block from the locking block, thereby fixing the four sets of nails located in the notch at the bottom of the connecting plate. This facilitates stable placement of the four sets of nails and prevents them from detaching during transportation. The four sets of nails in the notch are then rotated into the slide, and the locking block is inserted into the second slot on the inner side of the connecting plate. The connecting plate can then be hammered to drive the four sets of nails in. The convergence of the pointed ends at the bottom of the four sets of nails increases penetration and strengthens the driving effect. Furthermore, concrete is poured into the gaps between the four sets of nails through the casting cylinder and casting channel, shaping the nails and strengthening the fixing effect while preventing them from being pulled out, thus improving the stability of the fixing effect.

[0018] 2. This invention designs a fixed-position module in conjunction with a directional rotation module. Three sets of handles, via a first, second, and third rotating drum, can respectively adjust the direction of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors at the top of the first, second, and third support plates. The different lengths of the first, second, and third support plates prevent mutual interference between the directional adjustments of the upper carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors. Furthermore, by using a hydraulic pump to deliver water to the counterweight tank to increase weight, the positions of the first, second, and third support plates can be tightened, preventing the upper carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors from changing direction due to wind or other factors. The water in the counterweight tank can be drained through the discharge pipe, reducing the weight of the counterweight tank and restoring the directional adjustment function of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor mounting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor mounting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This invention provides a mounting device for a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cross-section at point AA;

[0023] Figure 4 This invention provides a mounting device for a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This invention provides a mounting device for a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of cross-section at point BB;

[0026] Figure 7 This invention provides a mounting device for a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor. Figure 6 Enlarged view of point D;

[0027] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the fixing support mechanism of a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Support body; 2. Carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor; 3. Mounting base; 4. Stake; 5. Stake handle; 6. Slide rail; 7. Notch; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Slot; 10. First slot; 11. Second slot; 12. Locking block; 13. Ring; 14. Stop block; 15. Casting cylinder; 16. Casting channel; 17. First rotating cylinder; 18. Second rotating cylinder; 19. Third rotating cylinder; 20. Rotary handle; 21. First support plate; 22. Second support plate; 23. Third support plate; 24. Counterweight water tank; 25. Water supply pipe; 26. Water delivery pipe; 27. Hydraulic pump; 28. Discharge pipe; 29. ​​Solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a technical solution: a carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device. Several sets of carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 are fixedly installed on the top of a support body 1 via an adjustment mechanism. The support body 1 is fixed to the ground by screws inserted into mounting bases 3. The support body 1 includes a fixing support mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. The fixing support mechanism further includes a deep reinforcement module and a casting reinforcement module. The deep reinforcement module can be inserted into the ground to enhance the fixing effect of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 on the ground. The casting reinforcement module shapes the deep reinforcement module, improves its stability, and ensures the fixing effect. Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figure 8As shown, the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor 2 used in microgrids typically requires a bracket to be fixed to the ground. Fixing the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor 2 to the ground ensures its stability and avoids the influence of natural factors such as wind and earthquakes, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement results. However, the existing bracket fixing method is relatively complex and has poor stability, making it inconvenient to deal with complex field terrain. The deep reinforcement module includes four sets of stakes 4 fitted inside the bracket body 1. The upper outer part of the stakes 4 is fixedly connected to the nail handle 5. The nail handle 5 extends through the slide rail 6 to the outside of the bracket body 1 and is slidably connected to the slide rail 6. A notch 7 is provided on one side of the track 6. Specifically, during transportation, the nail handle 5 on the nail post 4 is generally locked in the notch 7 to prevent the nail handle 5 from sliding the nail post 4 out along the track 6. By striking the nail handle 5, the four sets of nail posts 4 can be driven into different depths, increasing stability. The nail handle 5 is locked in the slot 9 at the bottom of the connecting plate 8 sleeved on the outside of the support body 1. The inner side of the connecting plate 8 is evenly provided with four sets of first slots 10 and four sets of second slots 11 arranged in a ring. The outer side of the support body 1 is evenly provided with four sets of locking blocks 12 arranged in a ring. The locking blocks 12 are all connected to the first slots 10 and the second slots 11. Specifically, the nail handle 5 is not stable enough when locked in the notch 7. The notch 7 at the bottom of the connecting plate 8 limits the nail handle 5 to prevent it from rotating randomly into the slide 6 during transportation. Furthermore, the first slot 10 is locked onto the locking block 12 to prevent the connecting plate 8 from rotating randomly. When the nail handle 5 rotates into the slide 6, the locking block 12 can be switched to the second slot 11, allowing the connecting plate 8 to assist the four sets of nails 4 in entering the ground simultaneously, enhancing the driving effect. A ring 13 is rotatably connected to the outside of the slide 6. Four sets of stop blocks 14 are evenly arranged in a ring on the outside of the ring 13. All 14 are adapted to the first slot 10 and the second slot 11. The rotatable angle of the nail handle 5 is equal to the angle between the first slot 10 and the second slot 11. The four sets of nail handles 5 can be combined to form a complete column. Since the upper end of the connecting plate 8 lacks obstruction, the connecting plate 8 is easy to move along the support body 1 during transportation. Rotating the ring 13 will cause the stop block 14 on the ring 13 to be misaligned with the locking block 12, preventing the stop block 14 from being locked into the first slot 10 and the second slot 11. This will restrict the connecting plate 8 from moving along the support body 1, so as to achieve stable placement of the four sets of nails 4 and not hinder the normal driving of the nails 4.

[0032] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 as well as Figure 8As shown, because the driven stakes 4 are easily damaged and their stability is difficult to guarantee, the casting reinforcement module includes a casting cylinder 15 fitted inside the four sets of stakes 4. The upper end of the casting cylinder 15 is connected to one end of the casting channel 16, and the other end of the casting channel 16 extends to the outside of the support body 1. When the stakes 4 are driven in, external concrete is poured into the casting channel 16. The concrete enters the gap between the four sets of stakes 4 through the casting cylinder 15 and the casting channel 16, which can shape the stakes 4, strengthen the fixing effect, prevent the stakes 4 from being pulled out at will, and improve the stability of the fixing effect.

[0033] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 As shown, because the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor 2 needs to accurately measure the carbon emissions of the microgrid, and the airflow and gas concentration distribution in different directions may affect the measurement results, adjusting the direction of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor 2 can align it with the main emission source or airflow direction, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. The carbon emissions of the microgrid may be affected by environmental changes, such as climate and seasons. Adjusting the direction of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor 2 can better adapt to environmental changes, thereby obtaining more accurate measurement results. The adjustment mechanism also includes a direction rotation module and a position fixing module. The direction rotation module includes a first rotating cylinder 17 rotatably connected to the upper end of the support body 1, a second rotating cylinder 18 sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder 17, and a third rotating cylinder 19 sleeved on the outside of the second rotating cylinder 18. The first rotating cylinder 17, the second rotating cylinder 18, and the third rotating cylinder 19 are connected to the support body 1. A handle 20 is provided on the lower outer side of the third rotating drum 19. A first support plate 21 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first rotating drum 17, a second support plate 22 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the second rotating drum 18, and a third support plate 23 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the third rotating drum 19. Carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 are installed on the upper ends of the first support plate 21, the second support plate 22, and the third support plate 23. The length of the first support plate 21 is smaller than the length of the second support plate 22, and the length of the second support plate 22 is smaller than the length of the third support plate 23. In use, the three sets of handles 20 are rotated respectively, and the three sets of second support plates 22 can adjust the direction of the first rotating drum 17, the second rotating drum 18, and the third rotating drum 19 respectively. Since the lengths of the first support plate 21, the second support plate 22, and the third support plate 23 are different, the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 at the upper end will not interfere with each other.

[0034] As one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 as well as Figure 5As shown, because the three sets of throttles 20 can drive the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 on the first support plate 21, the second support plate 22, and the third support plate 23 to rotate respectively through the first rotating drum 17, the second rotating drum 18, and the third rotating drum 19, it is necessary to fix the first support plate 21, the second support plate 22, and the third support plate 23 to ensure the stability of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 and prevent the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors 2 from changing direction due to wind force, etc. The position fixing module includes a counterweight water tank 24 fixedly installed on the upper end of the first support plate 21. The bottom end of the counterweight water tank 24 passes through the support body 1 and the first rotating drum 17 through the water supply pipe 25 and the water delivery pipe 26 and is fixedly connected to a hydraulic pump 27. The hydraulic pump 27 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support body 1. A discharge pipe 28 is connected to the water delivery pipe 26, and a discharge pipe 28 is provided on the discharge pipe 28. Solenoid valve 29 is rotatably connected to water supply pipe 25 and water delivery pipe 26. The diameter of water supply pipe 25 is equal to the diameter of water delivery pipe 26. In use, hydraulic pump 27 is started. Hydraulic pump 27 sends external water into counterweight water tank 24 through water supply pipe 25 and water delivery pipe 26. The increased weight of counterweight water tank 24 causes the first rotating drum 17, second rotating drum 18 and third rotating drum 19 stacked at the bottom to press against the first support plate 21, second support plate 22 and third support plate 23 stacked at the bottom, thereby preventing the first support plate 21 on the first support plate 21, second support plate 22 and third support plate 23 from changing direction at will. Solenoid valve 29 is started. Solenoid valve 29 drains water from counterweight water tank 24 through water supply pipe 25, water delivery pipe 26 and discharge pipe 28, thereby restoring the directional adjustment function of throttle 20 to carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor 2.

[0035] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0036] This invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device, comprising a support body (1), wherein a plurality of carbon emission intensity monitoring sensors (2) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the support body (1) by means of an adjustment mechanism, and the support body (1) is fixed to the ground by means of screws inserted into the mounting base (3), characterized in that: The main body of the support (1) includes a fixed support mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. The fixed support mechanism also includes a deep reinforcement module and a casting reinforcement module. The deep reinforcement module can be inserted into the ground to enhance the fixing effect of the carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor (2) on the ground. The casting reinforcement module shapes the deep reinforcement module, improves the stability of the deep reinforcement module, and ensures the fixing effect. The adjustment mechanism also includes a direction rotation module and a position fixing module. The direction rotation module includes a first rotating cylinder (17) rotatably connected to the upper end of the support body (1). A second rotating cylinder (18) is sleeved on the outside of the first rotating cylinder (17). A third rotating cylinder (19) is sleeved on the outside of the second rotating cylinder (18). A handle (20) is provided on the lower part of the outer side of the first rotating cylinder (17), the second rotating cylinder (18) and the third rotating cylinder (19). A first support plate (21) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first rotating cylinder (17). A second support plate (22) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the second rotating cylinder (18). A third support plate (23) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the third rotating cylinder (19). A carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor (2) is installed on the upper end of the first support plate (21), the second support plate (22) and the third support plate (23). The length of the first support plate (21) is smaller than the length of the second support plate (22). The length of the second support plate (22) is smaller than the length of the third support plate (23). The position fixing module includes a counterweight water tank (24) fixedly installed on the upper end of the first pallet (21). The bottom end of the counterweight water tank (24) passes through the support body (1) and the first rotating drum (17) through the water supply pipe (25) and the water delivery pipe (26) and is fixedly connected to a hydraulic pump (27). The hydraulic pump (27) is fixedly installed on the outside of the support body (1). A discharge pipe (28) is connected to the water delivery pipe (26), and a solenoid valve (29) is provided on the discharge pipe (28).

2. The carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deep reinforcement module includes four sets of nails (4) fitted inside the support body (1). The nails (4) are fixedly connected to the upper outer side of the nail handle (5). The nail handle (5) extends through the slide (6) to the outside of the support body (1) and is slidably connected to the slide (6). A notch (7) is opened on one side of the slide (6). The nail handle (5) is locked in the slot (9) at the bottom of the connecting plate (8) fitted on the outside of the support body (1).

3. The carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner side of the connecting plate (8) is evenly provided with four sets of first slots (10) and four sets of second slots (11) arranged in a ring. The outer side of the bracket body (1) is evenly provided with four sets of locking blocks (12) arranged in a ring. The locking blocks (12) are all adapted to the first slots (10) and the second slots (11).

4. The carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the slide (6) is rotatably connected to a ring (13), and four sets of blocks (14) are evenly arranged in a ring on the outer side of the ring (13). The blocks (14) are all adapted to the first slot (10) and the second slot (11).

5. The carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor mounting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotatable angle of the nail handle (5) is equal to the angle between the first slot (10) and the second slot (11), and the four sets of nail handles (5) can be combined to form a complete column.

6. The carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor mounting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The casting reinforcement module includes a casting cylinder (15) fitted inside four sets of nails (4). The upper end of the casting cylinder (15) is connected to one end of a casting channel (16), and the other end of the casting channel (16) extends to the outside of the support body (1).

7. The carbon emission intensity monitoring sensor fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply pipe (25) and the water delivery pipe (26) are rotatably connected, and the diameter of the water supply pipe (25) is equal to the diameter of the water delivery pipe (26).