A single device of a chain pot seedling transplanter

Abstract

The application discloses a single device of a chain-pot seedling transplanting machine matched with a conventional regular hexagonal cross-section paper chain-pot seedling book technology, and realizes automatic seedling supplying, seedling transporting, chain-pot breaking, seedling pushing and transporting, ditching, soil covering and pressing and other transplanting procedures through mechanical structures such as a seedling receiving device, a profiling device, a chain-pot breaking device, a double-finger holding and seedling pushing device and a soil covering and pressing device. The application realizes chain-pot breaking, high speed and automatic transplanting of large-plant-distance crop chain-pot seedling books by using a pure mechanical structure, and can effectively solve the problems of high labor intensity and low operation efficiency of manual transplanting and semi-automatic mechanical transplanting in China, and lays a foundation for the development of transplanting technology in the direction of labor saving and unmanned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural and forestry machinery, in particular to a single device of a chain pot seedling transplanter. Background Art

[0002] Seedling transplanting technology has the advantages of overcoming low temperatures during the seedling stage and resolving conflicts in crop growth periods and land use caused by climate or continuous cropping patterns. However, transplanting techniques in my country are mainly manual transplanting and semi-automatic mechanical transplanting. Manual transplanting is labor-intensive and inefficient, while semi-automatic transplanting requires manual feeding of seedlings. Although this reduces labor intensity to a certain extent, transplanting efficiency and quality are significantly affected by the speed of manual feeding and the duration of the operation. The overall efficiency is low, making large-scale transplanting difficult. At the same time, with the supply-side industrial restructuring and reform in my country, the rural labor force is gradually shifting to cities, and the number of people employed in agricultural production is gradually declining. This has made it more urgent to further improve the efficiency of mechanized transplanting in my country. The low level of transplanting automation and mechanization has led to high labor intensity, low production efficiency, and high production costs, which has become one of the main bottlenecks restricting the continued expansion of my country's agricultural production scale.

[0003] To achieve lightweight mechanization and efficient automation in the pot seedling transplanting process, patent JP2019071863A proposes a continuous chain transplanter based on a regular hexagonal cross-section paper pot seedling book, which can be quickly unfolded and separated in a chain during transplanting. This method is simple in the seedling raising process, but the spacing between the pots is small and fixed, which is only suitable for transplanting crops suitable for dense planting, such as green onions. Patent CN104663084A proposes a special chain-breaking transplanter that cooperates with a rectangular cross-section pot (patent CN100401871C), which can achieve high-speed chain-breaking automated transplanting of crops with large plant spacing. However, due to the bulky manufacturing equipment and complex process of its rectangular cross-section chain seedling container, it is not suitable for small and medium-sized planting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single device and method of a chain pot seedling transplanter that is compatible with the conventional regular hexagonal cross-section paper chain pot seedling book technology in response to the above problems and requirements.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A single device of a chain pot seedling transplanter includes a seedling supporting device, a profiling device, a chain breaking device, a double-finger seedling holding and pushing device, a soil covering and suppressing device, and a furrowing device. The seedling supporting device includes a front seedling supporting device, a rear seedling supporting device, and a chain pot spacing compensation device in the middle. The front seedling supporting device is used to place the chain pot seedling tray in the initial group aggregation state, the rear seedling supporting device is used to place the chain pot / independent pot body in the chain state, and the chain pot spacing compensation device in the middle is used to unfold the chain pot seedling tray and ensure the consistency of the spacing between adjacent independent pot bodies; the seedling supporting device and the soil covering and suppressing device are both arranged on the profiling device, the profiling device is used to be installed on an external traveling mechanism, the furrowing device is used to dig furrows under the travel drive of the external traveling mechanism, and the soil covering and suppressing device is used to complete the soil covering and suppressing work after the chain pot is buried in the soil.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a chain-breaking device and a double-finger clamping and seedling-pushing device, which are both arranged on the profiling device. The chain-breaking device is used to cut off adjacent chain pots to form independent pot seedlings, and to adjust the transplanting spacing in coordination with the travel speed of the external travel mechanism to adapt to the agronomic requirements of transplanting different crops. The double-finger clamping and seedling-pushing device is used to connect the power end of the external travel mechanism through the transmission part of the profiling device, rotate under the drive of the external travel mechanism, and change the movement trajectory of the chain pot during the operation process by clamping the chain pot seedling tray to transplant the chain pot to the land.

[0008] The seedling transport slide rail is fixed on the profiling device, used for placing the chain pots in the chain expanded state and separating the independent pots. The end of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device is connected to the entrance of the seedling transport slide rail, and the end of the seedling transport slide rail extends deep into the ditching device and is flush with the bottom of the ditching device.

[0009] Further, the chain bowl spacing compensation device comprises special-shaped gears, pin shafts and special-shaped gear driving mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device, the special-shaped gear driving mechanisms are fixed to the Y-shaped seedling feeding device, long push rods are arranged on the special-shaped gears, the long push rods on the two special-shaped gears are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device, the chain bowl passes between the two special-shaped gears, the special-shaped gear driving mechanisms can drive the two special-shaped gears to relatively rotate on the horizontal plane, and the long push rods are used for pushing the chain bowl to the outlet end of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device, so as to uniformly and intermittently push the chain bowl downward, compensate for the long-spacing connection generated in the folding process of the chain bowl seedling book during manufacturing, and ensure the consistency of the spacing between adjacent independent pot bodies.

[0010] Further, the profiling device comprises a transmission bearing seat, a row spacing adjusting seat, connecting rods, profiling springs, a transmission chain tensioning device, a profiling movable frame, support side plates, a depth limiting plate connecting device, laser monitoring switch fixing holes, a ditching device, a depth limiting plate adjusting support, a depth limiting plate and a depth limiting plate adjusting fixed pin; the transmission bearing seat is used for installing a transmission shaft; the row spacing adjusting seat is used for fixing a transplanting module, and the transplanting row spacing can be adjusted by changing the installation positions of the two row spacing adjusting seats; one end of each connecting rod is fixed to the end of the row spacing adjusting seat through a pin connection in a vertical direction, and the other end of each connecting rod is fixed to one end of the profiling movable frame through a pin connection; the profiling springs are fixed to the connecting rods at two ends; the inner sides of the ends of the profiling movable frame are connected to the two support side plates through bolt connections; the depth limiting plate connecting device is connected to the lower left of the two support side plates through a pin connection, the ditching device is connected to the lower right of the two support side plates through a bolt connection, the laser detection switch fixing holes are reserved in the middle for installing laser detection switches, and the depth limiting plate adjusting fixed pin is fixed to the upper part; the front end of the depth limiting plate is fixed to the depth limiting plate connecting device through a bolt, and the rear end of the depth limiting plate is connected to the depth limiting plate adjusting device through a bolt; the depth of the transplanting operation can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the depth limiting plate adjusting device and the depth limiting plate adjusting fixed pin before the transplanting operation.

[0011] Further, the chain breaking device comprises a chain wheel transmission mechanism, a chain breaking knife holder and chain breaking knives, the two chain breaking knives are respectively installed on one side of the chain breaking knife holder, one end of the chain wheel transmission mechanism is connected to the driving shaft of the double-finger seedling pushing device, the other end of the chain wheel transmission mechanism is connected to the chain breaking knife holder through a vertical diverter, and the chain wheel transmission mechanism is used for driving the chain breaking knives to rotate in a vertical plane under the rotation of the driving shaft to cut the chain and complete the chain breaking work.

[0012] Furthermore, the double-finger clamping seedling pushing device includes a chain slide rail, a bearing seat, a transmission sprocket, a driving shaft, a quick-release nut, a support side plate, a driven shaft, an adjustable bearing seat, an end execution device and a transplanting chain. The two bearing seats are fixed oppositely to the outside of the front end of the support side plate, and the driving shaft is installed through the two bearing seats; the first transplanting sprocket is installed in the middle of the driving shaft, and the transmission sprocket is installed at the end, and the sprocket and the driving shaft are connected for transmission by a flat key; the two adjustable bearing seats are fixed oppositely to the outside of the rear end of the support side plate, the driven shaft is installed through the two adjustable bearing seats, and the second transplanting sprocket is fixed to the driven shaft In the middle, the first transferring sprocket and the second transferring sprocket are kept in the same plane, and the center distance between the two sprocket shafts can be adjusted by rotating the adjustable bearing seat adjusting nut to keep the chain in a tensioned state; the two chain slides are installed opposite to each other on the inner side of the supporting side plates to limit the chain running trajectory; the end actuator is fixed to the transferring chain through an externally threaded bearing, which is used to clamp the chain bowl in the chain state / independent bowl to move along a predetermined trajectory, and the externally threaded bearings are installed opposite to each other and keep the bearings outward. During operation, the bearings move in the chain slide groove to keep the chain running along the predetermined trajectory.

[0013] Furthermore, the end execution device in the two-finger seedling clamping device includes a seedling clamping device, a spring, a base, and an external threaded bearing. The seedling clamping device is fixed to the upper end of the base by a pin connection, and the external threaded bearing is installed at the lower end of the base and connected to the transplanting chain. A spring is installed at the bottom of the seedling clamping device and rotates around the rotating axis to achieve automatic opening and resetting. During operation, when the seedling clamping device moves to the seedling transport slide rail, it automatically closes and engages at the chain bowl connection under the restrictions on both sides of the rail to clamp the chain bowl / independent bowl body in the chain state and moves it from the front seedling supporting device to the rear seedling supporting device according to a predetermined trajectory.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil covering and pressing device includes a floating connecting rod, a soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate, a rotatable pin sleeve, a pressing spring, a soil covering and pressing wheel floating plate, a limiting groove, a soil covering and pressing wheel, and a connecting bolt; the two soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plates are symmetrically placed and fixed to the end of the depth limit plate by connecting bolts, and the rotatable pin sleeve is installed at the end of the soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate; the two soil covering and pressing wheel floating plates are symmetrically fixed to the soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plates by pin connections; one end of the floating connecting rod is fixed to the end of the soil covering and pressing wheel floating plate by pin connection, the pressing spring is installed on the periphery of the floating connecting rod, and the other end passes through the rotatable pin sleeve; the lower end of the soil covering and pressing wheel is tilted inward, and during the transplanting operation, the soil covering and pressing wheel can float up and down following the undulations of the ground, and squeeze the soil inward to cover the soil while following the forward movement of the traveling device.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] The present invention uses a chain pot seedling book as raw material, which is stretched out to form a plane-focused distributed chain pot seedling tray, and completes the seedling raising operation through processes such as filling nutrient matrix, sowing, and covering with soil; and utilizes a chain seedling pot transplanting device with a seedling supporting device, a profiling device, a chain breaking device, a double-finger clamping seedling pushing device, and a soil covering and pressing device to realize automated seedling supply, seedling transportation, chain breaking and seedling separation, seedling pushing and transporting, ditching, soil covering and pressing, and automatically complete crop transplanting operations. The present invention can realize two modes of high-speed continuous transfer and high-speed chain-breaking transplantation, which can be selected according to needs. In the high-speed continuous transfer mode, there is no need to use a chain-breaking device and a double-finger clamping and seedling-pushing device. The chain pot high-speed continuous transfer mode is realized under the forward movement of the travel mechanism. In the high-speed chain-breaking transplantation, it is necessary to use a chain-breaking device to break the chain and a double-finger clamping and seedling-pushing device for transfer. It has a wide range of applications and many usage scenarios. The present invention uses an automated chain seedling pot transplanting device to improve transplanting efficiency, effectively solving the problems of high labor intensity and low operating efficiency in manual transplanting and semi-automatic mechanical transplanting in my country, and laying the foundation for the development of transplanting technology towards labor-saving and unmanned directions.

[0017] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the chain pot seedling book being spread out into a tray;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the chain pot seedling tray;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chain pot transplanting device;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seedling supporting device;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the chain bowl spacing compensation device;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the chain bowl spacing compensation device;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the profiling device;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chain breaking device;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a working diagram of the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device;

[0028] Figure 11Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the end effector;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the end-effector holding and pushing seedlings;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil covering and suppression device.

[0031] The following are the attachments represented by each number:

[0032] 1. Seedling holding device;

[0033] 1-1. Seedling tray, 1-2. Seedling tray support device, 1-3. Y-shaped seedling feeding device, 1-4. Brush, 1-5. Chain bowl spacing compensation device, 1-5-1. Special-shaped gear, 1-5-2. Pin, 1-5-3. Special-shaped gear drive mechanism; 1-6. Seedling transport rail fixing device, 1-7. Seedling transport rail;

[0034] 2. Profiling device;

[0035] 2-1. Transmission bearing seat, 2-2. Row spacing adjustment seat, 2-3. Connecting rod, 2-4. Contour spring, 2-5. Transmission chain tensioner, 2-6. Contour movable frame, 2-7. Support side plate, 2-8. Depth limit plate connection device, 2-9. Chain breaker transmission mechanism fixing hole, 2-10. Ditching device, 2-11. Depth limit plate adjustment support, 2-12. Depth limit plate, 2-13. Depth limit plate adjustment fixing pin;

[0036] 3. Chain breaking device;

[0037] 3-1. Mounting frame, 3-2. Vertical diverter, 3-3. Chain breaker rack, 3-4. Chain breaker knife, 3-5. Chain breaker transmission mechanism

[0038] 4. Two-finger holding and pushing device;

[0039] 4-1. Chain slide, 4-2. Bearing seat, 4-3. Drive chain, 4-4. Driving shaft, 4-5. Quick-release nut, 4-6. Support side plate, 4-7. Driven shaft, 4-8. Adjustable bearing seat, 4-9. End effector, 4-9-1. Seedling gripper, 4-9-2. Spring, 4-9-3. Base, 4-9-4. Externally threaded bearing, 4-10. Transplanting chain;

[0040] 5. Soil covering and suppression device;

[0041] 5-1. Floating connecting rod, 5-2. Soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate, 5-3. Rotatable pin sleeve, 5-4. Suppression spring, 5-5. Soil covering and pressing wheel floating plate, 5-6. Limiting groove, 5-7. Soil covering and pressing wheel, 5-8. Connecting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] A chain seedling pot seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step S1, chain pot seedling cultivation - using a chain pot expansion device to expand the chain pot seedling book to form a honeycomb-shaped planar focused distribution chain pot seedling tray and fix it to the fixing device, filling the chain pot seedling tray with matrix to the height of the chain pot, using a hole pressing device to compress downward above the chain pot seedling tray to form a seed hole, using a sowing device to sow a predetermined amount of crop seeds in the seed hole, covering the top with nutrient matrix, and watering and fertilizing until the seedlings reach the 2-3 leaf stage;

[0045] Step S2, rotary tillage and land preparation: tilling the field to a size of less than 4 cm, a length of crop roots on the soil surface less than 10 cm, and a tillage depth greater than 15 cm. Ditching and ridge formation are performed according to the number of rows operated by the transplanter, and the ridge surface is leveled and compacted using a pressing device.

[0046] Step S3, crop transplanting - using a chain pot transplanting device with a seedling holding device, a profiling device, a chain breaking device, a double-finger holding and pushing device, and a soil covering and pressing device to perform crop transplanting operations.

[0047] 2. The working process of high-speed chain breaking and transfer is as follows:

[0048] Step S1: Figures 1-2 As shown, place the chain pot seedling tray of appropriate age on the seedling receiving tray, pull the starting end of the chain pot seedling tray along the bottom of the seedling supply tray to make it unfold in an orderly chain-like manner, and place the starting end of the chain pot along the Y-shaped seedling feeding device through the brush and the chain pot spacing compensation device on the seedling transport slide rail, keeping 1-2 pots engaged with the end actuator in the double-finger clamping and seedling pushing device;

[0049] Step S2, start the chain pot seedling transplanter unit and move it forward along the carriage surface under the action of the power device, the depth limit plate is close to the carriage surface to control the planting depth, the relative position between the depth limit plate adjustment support and the depth limit plate adjustment fixing pin can be adjusted to adjust the planting depth during operation, the furrowing device cuts the carriage surface to form a seed furrow, the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device rotates in an orderly manner under the action of the transmission system, the transmission ratio of the transmission system can be changed to change the rotation speed of the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device to achieve variable plant spacing planting during operation, and the chain seedling pot moves forward in an orderly manner along the seedling transport rail under the action of the end actuator;

[0050] Step S3: When the chain seedling pot passes through the chain breaking device, the photoelectric switch recognizes that the end effector is approaching, the chain breaking device is activated, and the chain breaking knife rotates 180 degrees to cut off the connection of the chain seedling pot to form an independent seedling pot;

[0051] Step S4: The independent seedling pot moves downward along the seedling transport rail under the action of the end effector until it falls into the seed ditch;

[0052] Step S5: The soil covering and pressing device gathers the soil on both sides of the seed furrow toward the independent seedling pot and completes the pressing. The independent seedling pot is planted upright, and the planting work is completed.

[0053] Step S6: Repeat the above steps until all planting work is completed.

[0054] 3. The working process of high-speed continuous transfer is as follows:

[0055] Step S1: Figures 1-2 As shown, place the chain pot seedling tray of appropriate age on the seedling receiving tray, pull the starting end of the chain pot seedling tray along the bottom of the seedling supply tray to make it unfold in an orderly chain-like manner, and place the starting end of the chain pot along the Y-shaped seedling feeding device through the brush and the chain pot spacing compensation device on the seedling transport slide rail, keeping 1-2 pots engaged with the end actuator in the double-finger clamping and seedling pushing device;

[0056] Step S2, start the chain pot seedling transplanter unit and move it forward along the carriage surface under the action of the power device, the depth limit plate is close to the carriage surface to control the planting depth, and the relative position between the depth limit plate adjustment support and the depth limit plate adjustment fixing pin can be adjusted to adjust the planting depth during operation, the furrowing device cuts the carriage surface to form a seed furrow, the chain seedling pot is fixed in the seed furrow at the end, and the forward drive of the travel mechanism drives the starting end of the chain pot seedling tray to be orderly unfolded in a chain and directly transplanted into the seed furrow;

[0057] Step S3: The soil covering and suppressing device gathers the soil on both sides of the seed furrow to the independent seedling pot and completes the suppression, and the whole planting work of the chain pot seedling tray is completed. Figure 3 As shown, a single-unit chain pot seedling transplanter comprises a seedling support device 1, a profiling device 2, a chain-breaking device 3, a two-finger gripping and pushing device 4, and a soil covering and suppressing device 5. The seedling support device 1 is used to place the chain pot seedling tray and transport the chain pot from the seedling supply device to the ground; the profiling device 2 is used to perform ground-level profiling, maintain transplanting depth, and improve transplanting quality; the chain-breaking device 3 is used to separate the chain pots into individual seedling pots, facilitating adjustable plant spacing and adapting to different crops; the two-finger gripping and pushing device 4 is used to control the seedling's movement trajectory during operation, achieving precise transplanting; and the soil covering and suppressing device 5 is used to cover and suppress the chain pots after they are placed in the soil.

[0058] like Figure 3As shown, a single device of a chain pot seedling transplanter is characterized in that it includes a seedling supporting device 1, a shaping device 2, a chain breaking device 3, a double-finger seedling holding and pushing device 4, a soil covering and suppressing device 5 and a furrowing device. The seedling supporting device 1 includes a front-end seedling supporting device, a rear-end seedling supporting device and a chain pot spacing compensation device 1-5 in the middle. The front-end seedling supporting device is used to place the chain pot seedling tray in the initial group aggregation state, the rear-end seedling supporting device is used to place the chain pot / independent pot body in the chain state, and the chain pot spacing compensation device 1-5 in the middle is used to unfold the chain pot seedling tray and ensure the consistency of the spacing between adjacent independent pot bodies; the seedling supporting device 1 and the soil covering and suppressing device 5 are both arranged on the shaping device 2, the shaping device 2 is used to be installed on an external traveling mechanism, the furrowing device is used to dig furrows under the travel drive of the external traveling mechanism, and the soil covering and suppressing device 5 is used to complete the soil covering and suppressing work after the chain pot is entered into the soil.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the seedling support device 1 includes a seedling tray 1-1, a seedling tray support device 1-2, a Y-shaped seedling feeding device 1-3, a brush 1-4, a chain pot spacing compensation device 1-5, a seedling transport slide rail fixing device 1-6, and a seedling transport slide rail 1-7. The seedling tray 1-1 is fixed to the seedling tray support device 1-2, the Y-shaped seedling feeding device 1-3 is fixed to the profiling device 2, the end of the seedling tray 1-1 is connected to the entrance of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device 1-3, the brush 1-4 is fixed to the Y-shaped seedling feeding device 1-3, the seedling transport slide rail is fixed to the profiling device 2, the end of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device 1-3 is connected to the entrance of the seedling transport slide rail 1-7, and the end of the seedling transport slide rail 1-7 extends into the interior of the trenching device and is flush with the bottom of the trenching device.

[0060] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the chain bowl spacing compensation device 1-5 includes a special-shaped gear 1-5-1, a pin 1-5-2, and a special-shaped gear drive mechanism 1-5-3. Special-shaped gear 1-5-1 is fixed to seedling transport rail 1-7 via pin 1-5-2, and special-shaped gear drive mechanism 1-5-3 is fixed to seedling transport rail 1-7. During operation, the special-shaped gear drive mechanism 1-5-3 enables the two special-shaped gears 1-5-1 to rotate toward each other at a uniform speed, moving the chain bowl downward at preset time intervals. In this embodiment, the special-shaped gear drive mechanism is a sprocket drive combined with a gear mechanism. One end of the sprocket is connected to the driving shaft of the two-finger gripping seedling pushing device 4, and the other end drives the two gears equipped with special-shaped gears to rotate horizontally toward each other through a vertical diverter.

[0061] like Figure 7As shown, the profiling device 2 includes a transmission bearing seat 2-1, a row spacing adjustment seat 2-2, a connecting rod 2-3, a profiling spring 2-4, a transmission chain tensioning device 2-5, a profiling movable frame 2-6, a supporting side plate 2-7, a depth limit plate connecting device 2-8, a chain breaking device transmission mechanism fixing hole 2-9, a ditching device 2-10, a depth limit plate adjustment support 2-11, a depth limit plate 2-12, and a depth limit plate adjustment fixing pin 2-13. The transmission bearing seat 2-1 is used to install the transmission shaft; the row spacing adjustment seat 2-2 is used to fix the transplanting module, and the transplanting row spacing can be adjusted by changing the installation position of the two row spacing adjustment seats; one end of the two connecting rods 2-3 is fixed to the end of the row spacing adjustment seat 2-2 by pin connection, and is installed opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the other end is fixed to one end of the contoured movable frame 2-6 by pin connection; the two ends of the contoured spring 2-4 are fixed to the connecting rod 2-3 respectively; the inner side of the end of the contoured movable frame 2-6 is connected to the two supporting side plates 2-7 by bolts; the lower left of the two supporting side plates 2-7 The front end of the depth limit plate 2-12 is fixed to the depth limit plate connecting device 2-8 by a bolt, and the rear end is connected to the depth limit plate adjusting device 2-11 by a bolt. Before the transplanting operation, the relative position of the depth limit plate adjusting device 2-11 and the depth limit plate adjusting fixing pin 2-13 can be adjusted to achieve the depth adjustment of the transplanting operation.

[0062] like Figure 8 As shown, the chain breaking device includes a sprocket transmission mechanism 3-5, a chain breaking knife holder 3-3, and a chain breaking knife 3-4. The two chain breaking knives 3-4 are respectively installed on one side of the chain breaking knife holder 3-3. One end of the sprocket transmission mechanism 3-5 is connected to the driving shaft 4-4 of the double-finger clamping and pushing seedling device 4, and the other end is connected to the chain breaking knife holder 3-3 through a vertical steering gear. The sprocket transmission mechanism 3-5 is used to drive the chain breaking knife (3-4) to rotate in a vertical plane under the rotation of the driving shaft 4-4 to cut off the chain bowl connection to complete the chain breaking work.

[0063] like Figure 9 、 Figure 10As shown, the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device includes a chain slide 4-1, a bearing seat 4-2, a transmission sprocket 4-3, a driving shaft 4-4, a quick-release nut 4-5, a support side plate 4-6, a driven shaft 4-7, an adjustable bearing seat 4-8, an end actuator 4-9, and a transplanting chain 4-10. The support side plate 4-6 is used to fix each device; the two bearing seats 4-2 are fixed oppositely to the outside of the front end of the support side plate 4-6, and the driving shaft 4-4 is installed through the two bearing seats 4-2; the first transplanting sprocket is installed in the middle of the driving shaft 4-4, and the transmission sprocket 4-3 is installed at the end, and the sprocket and the driving shaft 4-4 are connected by a flat key for transmission; the two adjustable bearing seats 4-8 are fixed oppositely to the outside of the rear end of the support side plate 4-6, and the driven shaft 4-7 is installed through the two adjustable bearing seats 4-8, the second transplanting sprocket is fixed in the middle of the driven shaft 4-7, and the first transplanting sprocket and the second The transplanting sprockets are kept in the same plane. During the operation, the adjustable bearing seat 4-8 can be rotated to adjust the center distance between the two sprocket shafts by adjusting the nut to keep the chain 4-10 in a tensioned state; the two chain slides 4-1 are installed opposite to each other on the inner side of the supporting side plate 4-6 to limit the running trajectory of the chain 4-10; the end actuator 4-9 is fixed to the transplanting chain 4-10 through the external threaded bearing 4-9-4, and the external threaded bearing 4-9-4 is installed opposite to each other and keeps the bearing outward. During operation, the bearing moves in the chain slide groove to keep the chain running according to the predetermined trajectory.

[0064] like Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, the end effector in the seedling holding device includes a seedling holding device 4-9-1, a spring 4-9-2, a base 4-9-3, and an external threaded bearing 4-9-4. The seedling holding device 4-9-1 is fixed to the upper end of the base 4-9-3 by a pin connection, and the external threaded bearing 4-9-4 is installed at the lower end of the base 4-9-3 and connected to the transplanting chain 4-10. The spring 4-9-2 installed at the bottom of the seedling holding device 4-9-1 rotates around the rotation axis to automatically open. During operation, when the seedling holding device 4-9-1 moves to the seedling transport slide rail 1-7, it automatically closes and clamps the chain pot under the constraints on both sides to transport the seedlings. The seedling holding device 4-9-1 can change different shapes according to the shape of the chain pot to better fix the chain pot and reduce the substrate loss rate.

[0065] like Figure 13As shown, the soil covering and pressing device includes a floating connecting rod 5-1, a soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate 5-2, a rotatable pin sleeve 5-3, a pressing spring 5-4, a soil covering and pressing wheel floating plate 5-5, a limiting groove 5-6, a soil covering and pressing wheel 5-7, and a connecting bolt 5-8; the two soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plates 5-2 are symmetrically placed and fixed to the end of the depth limit plate 2-12 by connecting bolts 5-8, and the rotatable pin sleeve 5-3 is installed at the end of the soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate 5-2; the two soil covering and pressing wheel floating plates 5-6 are symmetrically fixed to the soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate 5-2 by pin connection; one end of the floating connecting rod 5-1 is fixed to the end of the soil covering and pressing wheel floating plate 5-5 by pin connection, and the pressing spring 5-4 is installed on the outer periphery of the floating connecting rod 5-1, and the other end passes through the rotatable pin sleeve 5-3; during the transplanting operation, the soil covering and pressing wheel 5-7 can float up and down with the undulations of the ground, and squeeze the soil inward to cover the soil while following the forward movement of the traveling device.

[0066] The foregoing is an example of the best mode of carrying out the present invention. Any portion not described in detail herein is common knowledge within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims. Any equivalent transformation based on the technical teachings of the present invention is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chain pot seedling transplanter single device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a seedling supporting device (1), a profiling device (2), a chain breaking device (3), a double-finger holding and pushing seedling device (4), a soil covering and suppressing device (5) and a furrowing device. The seedling supporting device (1) comprises a front seedling supporting device, a rear seedling supporting device and a chain pot spacing compensation device (1-5) in the middle. The front seedling supporting device is used to place the chain pot seedling tray in the initial grouped aggregated state, the rear seedling supporting device is used to place the chain pots in the chain state and the independent pot bodies, and the chain pot spacing compensation device (1-5) in the middle is used to unfold the chain pot seedling tray and ensure the consistency of the spacing between adjacent independent pot bodies; the seedling supporting device (1) and the soil covering and suppressing device (5) are both arranged on the profiling device (2), the profiling device (2) is used to be installed on an external traveling mechanism, the furrowing device is used to perform furrowing under the driving of the external traveling mechanism, and the soil covering and suppressing device (5) is used to complete the soil covering and suppressing work after the seedlings in the pots are buried in the soil; The seedling holding device (1) comprises a seedling supply tray (1-1), a seedling tray support device (1-2), a Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3), a brush (1-4), a chain pot spacing compensation device (1-5), a seedling transport slide rail fixing device (1-6) and a seedling transport slide rail (1-7); the seedling supply tray (1-1) is fixed on the seedling tray support device (1-2) and is used to hold the chain pot seedling tray in an initial group aggregation state; the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3) is fixed on the profiling device (2) and is used to correct the chain pot movement trajectory in the chain unfolded state to ensure the feeding posture; the end of the seedling supply tray (1-1) is connected to the entrance of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3); the brush (1-4) is fixed The Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3) is used to ensure that the chain pot is in a tensioned state during the transportation process; the chain pot spacing compensation device (1-5) is installed on the upper end of the seedling transport slide rail (1-7) and is used to compensate for the long spacing connection generated during the folding process of the chain pot seedling book during the production process, thereby ensuring the consistency of the spacing between adjacent independent pots; the seedling transport slide rail (1-7) is fixed on the profiling device (2) and is used to place the chain pot in the chain unfolded state and separate the independent pots. The end of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3) is connected to the entrance of the seedling transport slide rail (1-7), and the end of the seedling transport slide rail (1-7) is deeply inserted into the furrowing device (2-10) and is flush with the bottom of the furrowing device (2-10); The chain bowl spacing compensation device (1-5) comprises a special-shaped gear (1-5-1) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3), a pin shaft (1-5-2) and a special-shaped gear driving mechanism (1-5-3). The special-shaped gear driving mechanism (1-5-3) is fixed on the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3). A long shifting rod is provided on the special-shaped gear (1-5-1). The long shifting rods on the two special-shaped gears (1-5-1) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3). The chain bowl passes through the two special-shaped gears. The special-shaped gear driving mechanism (1-5-3) can drive the two special-shaped gears (1-5-1) to rotate relative to each other on a horizontal plane, and utilize a long lever to shift the chain pot toward the outlet end of the Y-shaped seedling feeding device (1-3), so as to shift the chain pot downward at uniform intervals, compensate for the long-spaced connection generated during the folding process of the chain pot seedling album during production, and ensure the consistency of the spacing between adjacent independent pots. The special-shaped gear driving mechanism (1-5-3) is a sprocket transmission combined with a gear mechanism, and the power source is an external travel mechanism.

2. A chain pot seedling transplanter unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a chain-breaking device (3) and a double-finger holding and pushing device for seedlings. Both the chain-breaking device (3) and the double-finger holding and pushing device for seedlings are arranged on the profiling device (2). The chain-breaking device (3) is used to cut off adjacent chain pots to form independent pot seedlings, and to adjust the transplanting spacing in coordination with the travel speed of the external travel mechanism to adapt to the agronomic requirements of different crop transplanting. The double-finger holding and pushing device (4) is used to connect the power end of the external travel mechanism through the transmission part of the profiling device (2), rotate under the drive of the external travel mechanism, and control the movement trajectory of the chain pot during the operation by clamping, so as to transplant the chain pot to the land.

3. The chain pot seedling transplanter monomer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The profiling device (2) comprises a transmission bearing seat (2-1), a row spacing adjustment seat (2-2), a connecting rod (2-3), a profiling spring (2-4), a transmission chain tensioning device (2-5), a profiling movable frame (2-6), a first supporting side plate (2-7), a depth limit plate connecting device (2-8), a chain breaking device transmission mechanism fixing hole (2-9), a ditching device (2-10), a depth limit plate adjustment support (2-11), a depth limit plate (2-12) and a depth limit plate adjustment fixing pin (2-13); the transmission bearing seat (2-1) is used for installing the transmission shaft; the row spacing adjustment seat (2-2) is used for fixing the transplanting module, and the transplanting row spacing can be adjusted by changing the installation position of the two row spacing adjustment seats; one end of the two connecting rods (2-3) is respectively fixed to the end of the row spacing adjustment seat (2-2) by a pin, and the other end is respectively fixed to the profiling The invention relates to a method for adjusting the depth of the planting base, wherein the first support plate (2-7) is connected to the first support plate (2-8) by bolts; the first support plate (2-7) is connected to the first support plate (2-8) by bolts; the first support plate (2-7) is connected to the first support plate (2-10) by bolts at the bottom left; a chain-breaking device transmission mechanism fixing hole (2-9) is reserved in the middle for installing the chain-breaking device transmission mechanism; a depth-limiting plate adjustment fixing pin (2-13) is fixed on the top; the front end of the depth-limiting plate (2-12) is fixed to the depth-limiting plate connection device (2-8) by bolts; the rear end is connected to the depth-limiting plate adjustment support (2-11) by bolts; before the transplanting operation, the relative position of the depth-limiting plate adjustment support (2-11) and the depth-limiting plate adjustment fixing pin (2-13) can be adjusted to achieve the depth adjustment of the transplanting operation.

4. The chain pot seedling transplanter monomer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chain-breaking device comprises a chain-breaking device transmission mechanism (3-5), a chain-breaking knife frame (3-3) and a chain-breaking knife (3-4). The two chain-breaking knives (3-4) are respectively mounted on one side of the chain-breaking knife frame (3-3). One end of the chain-breaking device transmission mechanism (3-5) is connected to the driving shaft (4-4) of the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device (4), and the other end is connected to the chain-breaking knife frame (3-3) via a vertical steering gear. The chain-breaking device transmission mechanism (3-5) is used for driving the chain-breaking knife (3-4) to rotate at a uniform speed in a vertical plane under the rotation of the driving shaft (4-4) to cut off the chain bowl connection and complete the chain-breaking work.

5. The chain pot seedling transplanter monomer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-finger holding and pushing seedling device comprises a chain slide rail (4-1), a bearing seat (4-2), a transmission sprocket (4-3), a driving shaft (4-4), a quick-release nut (4-5), a second supporting side plate (4-6), a driven shaft (4-7), an adjustable bearing seat (4-8), an end execution device (4-9) and a transplanting chain (4-10). The two bearing seats (4-2) are fixed oppositely to the outside of the front end of the second supporting side plate (4-6), and the driving shaft (4-4) is installed through the two bearing seats (4-2); the first transplanting sprocket is installed in the middle of the driving shaft (4-4), and the transmission sprocket (4-3) is installed at the end thereof, and the sprocket and the driving shaft (4-4) are connected for transmission via a flat key; the two adjustable bearing seats (4-8) are fixed oppositely to the outside of the rear end of the second supporting side plate (4-6), and the driven shaft (4-7) is installed through the two adjustable bearing seats (4-8). The first and second transfer sprockets are kept in the same plane, and the center distance between the two sprocket shafts can be adjusted by rotating the adjustable bearing seat (4-8) to adjust the nut, so as to keep the transfer chain (4-10) in a tensioned state; the two chain slide rails (4-1) are oppositely installed on the inner side of the second support side plate (4-6) to limit the running track of the transfer chain (4-10); the end execution device (4-9) is fixed on the transfer chain (4-10) through the external threaded bearing (4-9-4) to clamp the chain bowl in the chain state and the bowl in the independent state to move along a predetermined track; the external threaded bearing (4-9-4) is opposite and keeps the bearing installed outward, and during operation, the bearing moves in the chain slide groove to keep the transfer chain running along the predetermined track.

6. The chain pot seedling transplanter unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end execution device in the double-finger holding and pushing seedling device comprises a holding seedling remover (4-9-1), a spring (4-9-2), a base (4-9-3), and an external threaded bearing (4-9-4). The holding seedling remover (4-9-1) is fixed to the upper end of the base (4-9-3) by a pin connection mode. The external threaded bearing (4-9-4) is installed at the lower end of the base (4-9-3) and is connected to the transplanting chain (4-10). A spring (4-9-2) is installed at the bottom of the holding seedling remover (4-9-1) to rotate around the rotation axis to realize automatic opening and resetting. During operation, when the holding seedling remover (4-9-1) moves to the seedling transport slide rail (1-7), it automatically closes and engages with the chain pot connection under the constraints of both sides thereof, so as to hold the chain pot in the chain state and the independent pot body and move them from the front seedling supporting device to the rear seedling supporting device according to a predetermined trajectory.

7. The chain pot seedling transplanter unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil covering and suppressing device comprises a floating connecting rod (5-1), a soil covering and suppressing wheel fixing plate (5-2), a rotatable pin sleeve (5-3), a suppressing spring (5-4), a soil covering and suppressing wheel floating plate (5-5), a limiting groove (5-6), a soil covering and suppressing wheel (5-7), and a connecting bolt (5-8); the two soil covering and suppressing wheel fixing plates (5-2) are symmetrically placed and fixed to the ends of the depth limiting plate (2-12) by connecting bolts (5-8); the rotatable pin sleeve (5-3) is installed at the ends of the soil covering and suppressing wheel fixing plate (5-2); the two soil covering and suppressing wheel floating plates (5-5) are symmetrically placed and fixed to the ends of the depth limiting plate (2-12) by connecting bolts (5-8); the two soil covering and suppressing wheel floating plates (5-6) are symmetrically placed and fixed to the ends of the depth limiting plate (2-12) by connecting bolts (5-8); the two soil covering and suppressing wheel floating plates (5-7) are symmetrically placed and fixed to the ends of the depth limiting plate (2-12) by connecting bolts (5-8); the two soil covering and suppressing wheel floating plates (5-8 ... 5-5) are symmetrically fixed to the soil covering and pressing wheel fixing plate (5-2) through pin connection; one end of the floating connecting rod (5-1) is fixed to the end of the soil covering and pressing wheel floating plate (5-5) through pin connection; a pressing spring (5-4) is installed on the outer periphery of the floating connecting rod (5-1), and the other end passes through a rotatable pin sleeve (5-3); the lower end of the soil covering and pressing wheel (5-7) is inclined inwardly, and during the transplanting operation, the soil covering and pressing wheel (5-7) can float up and down following the undulations of the ground, and squeeze the soil inward to cover the soil while following the forward movement of the traveling device.

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