A method for indoor breeding of leopard coral grouper

Abstract

The application provides an indoor breeding method of Plectropomus leopardus, which comprises the following steps: disinfecting an indoor cement pool, laying air bubble stones on the bottom of the cement pool, placing a screen gauze into the cement pool so that the screen gauze adheres to the wall of the cement pool, adding a lighting lamp, adding seawater, and putting Plectropomus leopardus larvae into the cement pool; after the larvae are put into the cement pool, adjusting the water flow speed, feeding fresh and live copepods, and pulling the screen gauze up and down during feeding; stopping feeding the copepods, feeding the compound feed, adjusting the water flow speed, and pulling the screen gauze up and down during feeding; and meanwhile, illuminating 1-3 times per day. The screen gauze is additionally arranged in the indoor cement pool, the cement pool is divided into multiple parts, the feeding domestication and the light domestication are combined with the net pulling and the water flow speed adjusting, the Plectropomus leopardus has good adaptability to the indoor cement pool breeding environment, the growth performance of the Plectropomus leopardus is improved, the rapid growth of the Plectropomus leopardus is promoted, and the breeding cycle of the Plectropomus leopardus is effectively shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture, and in particular to an indoor seedling raising method for leopard gill spiny perch. Background Technology

[0002] Leopard trout (Plectropomus leopardus), also known as spotted spiny trout, leopard trout, or coral trout, is a species of fish belonging to the order Perciformes, suborder Percoidei, family Serranidae, and genus Plectropomus. It is a euryhaline bottom-dwelling fish, predatory in nature, and prefers clean water. Due to its high edible value, market demand has increased significantly. However, the aquaculture of leopard trout in my country started relatively late, and current production cannot adequately meet market demand. Furthermore, China has imposed strict requirements on aquaculture sites and wastewater discharge for leopard trout. Therefore, establishing an efficient aquaculture model suitable for leopard trout is one of the effective ways to address the challenges of aquaculture in China. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose an indoor breeding method for leopard-gill spiny perch, and to establish an indoor ecological breeding model suitable for leopard-gill spiny perch. The breeding process can be carried out without the use of drugs, and high-quality leopard-gill spiny perch can be harvested after 10 months of breeding.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] An indoor seedling cultivation method for leopard-gill spiny perch includes the following steps:

[0006] S1 Pretreatment: After disinfecting the indoor cement tank, air stones are laid at the bottom of the tank. A sieve is placed in the cement tank so that it is attached to the wall of the cement tank. A light is added below the sieve. Then seawater is added and leopard gill juveniles are released.

[0007] S2 Rearing and Domestication: 20 to 30 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, adjust the water flow rate to 20 to 45 m / min, feed them live copepods, pull the screen up and down when feeding, and fix the screen after feeding.

[0008] 21–31 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, stop feeding them copepods and start feeding them formulated feed. Adjust the water flow rate to 30–55 m / min. When feeding, pull the screen up and down. After feeding, fix the screen.

[0009] S3 Light Acclimation: For 20 to 30 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, set the light intensity to 600 to 800 Lux, provide light 1 to 3 times a day, and each light session lasts 5 to 6 hours.

[0010] 21–31 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, the light intensity is set to 800–1000 Lux, and the light is applied 1–3 times a day for 7–8 hours each time.

[0011] Through long-term training and manipulation using nets and water currents, individual differences among leopard gill juveniles can be reduced, the rate of bream defects can be decreased, and the size and quality of leopard gill juveniles can be made more uniform.

[0012] A further step is that, in step S1, the silk screen is placed to 3 / 4 to 1 / 4 of the depth of the cement pool, so that the silk screen is attached to 2 to 3 walls of the cement pool; the stocking density of the leopard-gill spiny perch juveniles is 150 to 160 per m². 2 .

[0013] A further option is that, in step S2, when feeding live copepods, feed them 1 to 2 times a day, with a daily feeding amount of 1 to 2% of the fry's body weight; when feeding formulated feed, feed them 2 to 3 times a day, with a daily feeding amount of 2 to 3% of the fry's body weight.

[0014] A further proposed solution is that, in step S2, when feeding live copepods, the water flow rate is adjusted to 40–45 m / min, and when the feeding of live copepods ends, the water flow rate is adjusted to 20–30 m / min.

[0015] A further proposed solution is that, in step S2, when feeding the compound feed, the water flow rate is adjusted to 50-55 m / min, and when the feeding of the compound feed is finished, the water flow rate is adjusted to 30-40 m / min.

[0016] A further proposed solution is that, in step S3, when feeding live copepods, the power should be turned off after each 5-6 hours of light exposure, and the light exposure should be resumed after 3-4 hours; when feeding compound feed, the power should be turned off after each 7-8 hours of light exposure, and the light exposure should be resumed after 2-3 hours.

[0017] A further step is to turn on the lights when feeding live copepods and formulated feed at 5 to 6 a.m. every day.

[0018] A further proposed approach is that, in step S3, when feeding live copepods, the light intensity is 600 Lux; when feeding formulated feed, the light intensity is 800 Lux.

[0019] A further solution is that, in step S2, the vertical movement of the screen mesh should not exceed 10cm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention, by adding a silk screen to an indoor cement tank to divide the tank into multiple parts, combined with netting, regulating water flow rate, and light acclimatization, enables the leopard-gill perch to adapt well to the indoor cement tank breeding environment, improves its growth performance, promotes rapid growth, and effectively shortens the breeding cycle of the leopard-gill perch.

[0022] This invention establishes an indoor ecological aquaculture system for leopard-gill perch. The aquaculture process can be carried out without the use of drugs, and after 10 months of aquaculture, leopard-gill perch with an average weight of 688-705g / fish can be harvested. This invention can effectively solve the problems of aquaculture site and scale for leopard-gill perch, and can provide the market with leopard-gill perch with higher economic benefits and better quality. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0026] The main components of the compound feed are: crude protein ≥ 52.0%, crude fat ≥ 10.0%, moisture ≤ 10.0%, crude fiber ≤ 2.5%, crude ash ≤ 15.0%, lysine ≥ 3.0%, and total phosphorus 1.5% to 3.0%.

[0027] During the breeding process, the water temperature should be set at 24-26℃, the dissolved oxygen content at 9mg / L or above, the pH value at 8.0-8.6, and the ammonia nitrogen content at 0.1mg / L or below. Vitamin C and / or EM bacteria should be added regularly according to the breeding situation.

[0028] The average size of the released leopard gill juveniles was 10 cm / fish.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] An indoor seedling cultivation method for leopard-gill spiny perch, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0031] (1) Indoor cement pond: Before breeding, disinfect the indoor cement pond, lay air stones at the bottom, and place a silk screen about halfway up the pond, close to three sides, dividing the cement pond into upper and lower parts, as well as left and right parts. Add a light under the silk screen, with the light shining horizontally, that is, illuminating the bottom part of the pond below the silk screen. Add sand-filtered seawater. After the preparation is complete, put the leopard gill juveniles into the pond at a density of 150 juveniles / m³. 2 .

[0032] (2) Feeding and domestication: During the first 20 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, live copepods are fed above the screen net 1-2 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 1-2% of the juvenile weight. When feeding, pull the screen net up and down to make it as close to the pond wall as possible. The up and down pulling motion should be gentle and the amplitude should not be too large, not exceeding 10cm. Adjust the water flow speed to 40-45m / min to create water flows of different strengths in the pond. After feeding, fix the screen net and adjust the water flow speed to 20-30m / min. After the live copepod feeding stage, stop feeding copepods and feed formulated feed 2-3 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 2-3% of the juvenile weight. When feeding, pull the screen net up and down and adjust the water flow speed to 50-55m / min. After feeding, fix the screen net and adjust the water flow speed to 30-40m / min.

[0033] (3) Light acclimatization: When feeding live copepods, set the light intensity to 600 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 5-6 hours of light exposure, turn on the lights again after 3-4 hours, continue to expose the lights for 5-6 hours, and then turn off the power. When feeding compound feed, set the light intensity to 800 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 7-8 hours of light exposure, turn on the lights again after 2-3 hours, continue to expose the lights for 7-8 hours, and then turn off the power, until the leopard gill spiny perch is harvested.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] An indoor seedling cultivation method for leopard-gill spiny perch, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0036] (1) Indoor cement pond: Before breeding, disinfect the indoor cement pond, lay air stones at the bottom, and place a silk screen to about half the height of the pond, close to three sides, dividing the cement pond into upper and lower parts, as well as left and right parts. Add a light under the silk screen, with the light shining horizontally, that is, illuminating the bottom part of the pond below the silk screen. Add sand-filtered seawater. After the preparation is complete, put the leopard gill juveniles into the pond at a stocking density of 160 juveniles / m³. 2 .

[0037] (2) Feeding and domestication: During the 30-day period after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, live copepods are fed above the screen net 1-2 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 1-2% of the juvenile weight. When feeding, pull the screen net up and down to make it as close to the pond wall as possible. The up and down pulling motion should be gentle and the amplitude should not be too large, not exceeding 10cm. Adjust the water flow speed to 40-45m / min to create water flow of different strengths in the pond. After feeding, fix the screen net and adjust the water flow speed to 20-30m / min. After the live copepod feeding stage, stop feeding copepods and feed formulated feed 2-3 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 2-3% of the juvenile weight. When feeding, pull the screen net up and down to adjust the water flow speed to 50-55m / min. After feeding, fix the screen net and adjust the water flow speed to 30-40m / min.

[0038] (3) Light acclimatization: When feeding live copepods, set the light intensity to 800 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 5-6 hours of light, turn on the lights again after 3-4 hours, and continue to light for 5-6 hours before turning off the power. When feeding compound feed, set the light intensity to 1000 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 7-8 hours of light, turn on the lights again after 2-3 hours, and continue to light for 7-8 hours before turning off the power, until the leopard gill spiny perch is harvested.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] An indoor seedling cultivation method for leopard-gill spiny perch, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0041] (1) Indoor cement pond: Before breeding, disinfect the indoor cement pond, lay air stones at the bottom, and place a silk screen about halfway up the pond, close to three sides, dividing the cement pond into upper and lower parts, as well as left and right parts. Add a light under the silk screen, with the light shining horizontally, that is, illuminating the bottom part of the pond below the silk screen. Add sand-filtered seawater. After the preparation is complete, put the leopard gill juveniles into the pond at a density of 150 juveniles / m³. 2 .

[0042] (2) Feeding and domestication: During the first 20 days after the juvenile leopard gills were introduced into the pond, live copepods were fed above the screen netting 1-2 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 1-2% of the juvenile weight. The water flow rate was adjusted to 40-45 m / min during feeding and to 20-30 m / min after feeding. After the live copepod feeding period, the copepod feeding was stopped and formulated feed was fed 2-3 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 2-3% of the juvenile weight. The water flow rate was adjusted to 50-55 m / min during feeding and to 30-40 m / min after feeding.

[0043] (3) Light acclimatization: When feeding live copepods, set the light intensity to 600 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 5-6 hours of light exposure, turn on the lights again after 3-4 hours, continue to expose the lights for 5-6 hours, and then turn off the power. When feeding compound feed, set the light intensity to 800 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 7-8 hours of light exposure, turn on the lights again after 2-3 hours, continue to expose the lights for 7-8 hours, and then turn off the power, until the leopard gill spiny perch is harvested.

[0044] Comparative Example 1

[0045] An indoor seedling cultivation method for leopard-gill spiny perch, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0046] (1) Indoor cement ponds: Before breeding, the indoor cement ponds are disinfected, and air stones are laid at the bottom. Lighting is installed below the cement pond, with the light shining horizontally onto the bottom of the pond. Sand-filtered seawater is added. After the preparations are complete, leopard gill juveniles are released into the pond at a density of 150 juveniles / m³. 2 .

[0047] (2) Feeding and domestication: During the first 20 days after the juvenile leopard gills were introduced into the pond, live copepods were fed above the screen netting 1-2 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 1-2% of the juvenile weight. When feeding, the water flow rate was adjusted to 40-45 m / min to create water flows of varying strengths in the pond. After feeding, the water flow rate was adjusted to 20-30 m / min. After the live copepod feeding period, the copepod feeding was stopped, and formulated feed was fed 2-3 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 2-3% of the juvenile weight. When feeding, the water flow rate was adjusted to 50-55 m / min. After feeding, the water flow rate was adjusted to 30-40 m / min.

[0048] (3) Light acclimatization: When feeding live copepods, set the light intensity to 600 Lux and set the light mode to turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day and turn off the power after 10-12 hours of continuous light. When feeding compound feed, set the light intensity to 800 Lux and set the light mode to turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day and turn off the power after 14-16 hours of continuous light, until the leopard gill spiny perch is harvested.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] An indoor seedling cultivation method for leopard-gill spiny perch, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0051] (1) Indoor cement pond: Before breeding, disinfect the indoor cement pond, lay air stones at the bottom, and place a silk screen about halfway up the pond, close to three sides, dividing the cement pond into upper and lower parts, as well as left and right parts. Add a light under the silk screen, with the light shining horizontally, that is, illuminating the bottom part of the pond below the silk screen. Add sand-filtered seawater. After the preparation is complete, put the leopard gill juveniles into the pond at a density of 150 juveniles / m³. 2 .

[0052] (2) Feeding and acclimatization: During the first 20 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, live copepods are fed above the screen net 1-2 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 1-2% of the juvenile's body weight. When feeding, pull the screen net up and down to keep it as close to the pond wall as possible. The up and down pulling motion should be gentle and the amplitude should not be too large, not exceeding 10cm. After feeding, fix the screen net. After the live copepod feeding stage, stop feeding copepods and feed formulated feed 2-3 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 2-3% of the juvenile's body weight. When feeding, pull the screen net up and down. After feeding, fix the screen net. After the juvenile leopard gills have adapted to the pond for 5 days, adjust the water flow rate to 20-30m / min until the leopard gills are harvested.

[0053] (3) Light acclimatization: When feeding live copepods, set the light intensity to 600 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 5-6 hours of light exposure, turn on the lights again after 3-4 hours, continue to expose the lights for 5-6 hours, and then turn off the power. When feeding compound feed, set the light intensity to 800 Lux and set the light mode as follows: turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day, turn off the power after 7-8 hours of light exposure, turn on the lights again after 2-3 hours, continue to expose the lights for 7-8 hours, and then turn off the power, until the leopard gill spiny perch is harvested.

[0054] Test 1

[0055] After 10 months of rearing, the average weight and survival rate of the harvested leopard gills were recorded, and the results are shown in the table below.

[0056] Table 1. Statistical results of average weight and survival rate of leopard gill perch.

[0057] project Body weight (g / tail) Survival rate (%) Example 1 705 95.5 Example 2 688 94.7 Example 3 645 91.5 Comparative Example 1 622 89.8 Comparative Example 2 665 92.6

[0058] As shown in Table 1 above, this invention, by adding a silk screen to the indoor cement tank to divide the tank into multiple parts, combined with netting, adjusting water flow rate for domestication, and light domestication, enables the leopard-gilled spiny perch to have good adaptability to the indoor cement tank breeding environment, improves the growth performance of the leopard-gilled spiny perch, promotes its rapid growth, and effectively shortens the breeding cycle of the leopard-gilled spiny perch. Compared with Example 3, Examples 1 and 2, by adjusting the netting and water flow rate during feeding, provided moderate swimming training for the leopard-gill sea bass fry, which helped accelerate their metabolism and enhance their immunity and survival rate. Compared with Comparative Example 1, excessively long continuous light exposure in Examples 1 and 2 actually reduced the growth performance of the leopard-gill sea bass fry. Compared with Comparative Example 2, in Examples 1 and 2, the leopard-gill sea bass fry maintained a relatively fixed position in the cement pond by constantly adjusting their swimming direction and speed under different flow rates. However, when water flow was continuously increased, the fry's swimming became directionless under low flow conditions, and they were prone to fatigue as the swimming time increased. Low flow rates also easily led to the accumulation of nitrite nitrogen in the water, causing the ammonia nitrogen content to rise slowly.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for indoor seedling cultivation of leopard-gill spiny perch, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Pretreatment: After disinfecting the indoor cement tank, air stones are laid at the bottom of the tank. A sieve is placed to 3 / 4 to 1 / 4 of the depth of the cement tank, so that the sieve is attached to 2 to 3 walls of the cement tank. A light is added below the sieve. Then seawater is added and leopard gill juveniles are released. S2 Rearing and Domestication: 20-30 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, adjust the water flow rate to 20-45 m / min, feed them live copepods, pull the screen up and down when feeding, and fix the screen after feeding. 21-31 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, stop feeding them copepods and start feeding them formulated feed. When feeding, move the screen up and down. After feeding, fix the screen in place. In step S2, when feeding live copepods, adjust the water flow rate to 40-45 m / min, and when the feeding of live copepods is finished, adjust the water flow rate to 20-30 m / min. In step S2, when feeding the compound feed, the water flow rate is adjusted to 50~55 m / min, and when the compound feed feeding is finished, the water flow rate is adjusted to 30~40 m / min. S3 Light Acclimation: For 20-30 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, set the light intensity to 600-800 Lux, provide light 1-3 times a day, and each light session lasts 5-6 hours. 21-31 days after the juvenile leopard gills are introduced into the pond, the light intensity is set to 800-1000 Lux, and the light is applied 1-3 times a day for 7-8 hours each time.

2. The indoor seedling raising method for leopard-gill spiny perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stocking density of the leopard-gill spiny perch juveniles was 150-160 individuals / m². 2 .

3. The indoor seedling raising method for leopard-gill spiny perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, when feeding live copepods, feed them 1-2 times a day, with a daily feeding amount of 1-2% of the fry's body weight; when feeding formulated feed, feed them 2-3 times a day, with a daily feeding amount of 2-3% of the fry's body weight.

4. The indoor seedling raising method for leopard-gill spiny perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when feeding live copepods, the power is turned off after each 5-6 hours of light exposure, and the light is turned on again after 3-4 hours; when feeding compound feed, the power is turned off after each 7-8 hours of light exposure, and the light is turned on again after 2-3 hours.

5. The indoor seedling raising method for leopard-gill spiny perch according to claim 4, characterized in that, When feeding live copepods and formulated feed, turn on the lights at 5-6 am every day.

6. The indoor seedling raising method for leopard-gill spiny perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the light intensity is 600 Lux when feeding live copepods and 800 Lux when feeding compound feed.

7. The indoor seedling raising method for leopard-gill spiny perch according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the vertical movement of the screen should not exceed 10 cm.