An ecological household garbage treatment system and method

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological treatment system and method, and belongs to the technical field of municipal garbage treatment. The ecological treatment system comprises a water culture device, a water washing and purifying device, a gas collecting device and a domestic garbage aerobic fermentation device. Organic matters in domestic garbage are decomposed by using aerobic fermentation, so that the weight of the garbage is reduced. The high temperature generated by aerobic fermentation can not only kill pathogenic microorganisms in the domestic garbage, but also make water evaporate rapidly, further reducing the weight of the garbage. Water-soluble gases such as ammonia in the gas generated by aerobic fermentation of the domestic garbage are dissolved in water after being treated by the water washing and purifying device, so as to provide nutrients for the growth of aquatic plants in the water culture device. Carbon dioxide provides gas fertilizer for the photosynthesis of plants, and the emission of odor is avoided. The ecological treatment of the domestic garbage is realized, and the quantity, volume and emission of the domestic garbage are reduced. The ecological treatment method can be well applied to the ecological treatment system.

Description

[0001] The application is a divisional application of the original application with the application number 202311673718.2 and the filing date of December 7, 2023, and the invention name is "a domestic waste aerobic fermentation device, ecological treatment system and method". TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The application belongs to the technical field of municipal waste treatment, and specifically relates to an ecological treatment system and method for domestic waste. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the acceleration of urbanization and the concentration of urban population, efficient environmental protection treatment of the generated domestic waste has become an important content of urban management. The urban domestic waste mainly includes kitchen waste, domestic waste, paper packaging, plant residues, and metals, plastics, and foam packaging, etc. The organic matter content is between 50% and 70%, and the water content is between 50% and 60%. Because the organic matter in the domestic waste is easy to rot, easy to breed mosquitoes and produce foul-smelling gas, it is easy to cause serious environmental hazards, and the harmless treatment of domestic waste has become an urgent requirement for current urban development.

[0004] The current domestic waste treatment methods in China mainly include waste composting, waste landfilling and waste power generation, etc. Waste composting is simple and easy to popularize, but due to the complex composition of domestic waste, the application of compost products is limited, therefore, the application of urban domestic waste composting treatment is less. Domestic waste landfilling is mainly suitable for some small and medium-sized towns due to large land occupation and limited treatment capacity. At the same time, due to the problems of leachate and foul-smelling gas treatment in the process of waste landfilling, there is also a certain potential environmental pollution, and with the reduction of available land, waste landfilling treatment has been unable to meet the requirements of urban waste treatment, and volume reduction has become the basic requirement for the sustainable operation of waste landfilling. And for large and medium-sized cities, due to the high population concentration, the amount of domestic waste is large, in order to fundamentally solve the problem of domestic waste treatment, waste incineration for power generation has become the main way of waste treatment in large and medium-sized cities. Compared with waste landfilling treatment, the quality of domestic waste incineration for power generation is relatively high, and the high water content not only increases the transportation cost but also harms the stable operation of the boiler, affecting the safety of the system, so water removal and improvement of combustible matter content have important practical significance for the stable operation of waste power generation.

[0005] In recent years, with the improvement of urban residents' living standards and the popularization of clean energy, the proportion of organic components in urban domestic waste has gradually increased, which has significantly improved the content of combustible and degradable substances in waste, although it has led to an increase in water content in waste to some extent. Carrying out source domestic waste water removal and weight reduction and volume reduction and quality improvement is an important way for urban domestic waste treatment.

[0006] The aerobic fermentation is a process of decomposing and transforming organic matter by aerobic microorganisms. The high temperature formed in the aerobic fermentation process of domestic waste can kill harmful pathogenic bacteria in the domestic waste and remove water, so as to effectively solve the liquid leakage and pathogen spread in waste transportation. However, a large amount of carbon dioxide and odor gas will be produced in the aerobic fermentation process of domestic waste, which will cause certain harm to the environment if not purified.

[0007] In addition, the material needs to be turned over 1-2 times per day in the aerobic fermentation process to fully mix the material and supplement the oxygen required for fermentation. In the prior art, mechanical turning over is generally used. In order to prevent the mechanical device from damaging the side wall and the bottom of the fermentation tank, the turning over moving part is generally kept a certain distance from the side wall and the bottom of the fermentation tank, which causes the material to be not fully turned over and a certain dead zone to exist. Meanwhile, the mechanical turning over is to release water vapor and odor and contact with air at the moment of turning over. Since the effective contact time of the material and air is short, the material cannot be fully oxygenated, which often causes the material at the bottom to enter an anoxic state soon after being turned over, resulting in insufficient fermentation of the material. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide an aerobic fermentation device for domestic waste to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0009] The present application provides an aerobic fermentation device for domestic waste in the first aspect, which comprises a fermentation tank, a wind turning over device and an aeration device.

[0010] The upper part of the fermentation tank is provided with a working platform which moves back and forth along the material turning over direction.

[0011] The wind turning over device comprises a conveying fan, a material conveying pipe connected with the inlet end of the conveying fan, a feeding port located at the bottom of the material conveying pipe and a discharging port connected with the outlet end of the conveying fan. The conveying fan is fixed on the working platform and can move back and forth with the working platform to drive the feeding port and the discharging port to move back and forth. When the fermentation tank needs to be turned over, the working platform is moved to the target position. Under the negative pressure of the conveying fan, the material in the fermentation tank is sucked into the material conveying pipe through the feeding port, and then is scattered through the discharging port, so as to complete the turning over of the fermentation tank.

[0012] The aeration device comprises a plurality of evenly arranged air distribution pipes. The air distribution pipes are fixed on the working platform and can move back and forth with the working platform. The air distribution pipes are connected with an external oxygen-containing gas source to provide oxygen for the fermentation material.

[0013] Preferably, the aerobic fermentation device further comprises a feeding hopper, a crusher and an air separator located at one end of the fermentation tank.

[0014] The crusher is located inside the feeding hopper for crushing large pieces of household garbage, and the air separator is located below the crusher for screening the crushed household garbage and blowing the household garbage meeting the screening requirements into the fermentation tank for fermentation.

[0015] The fermentation tank is provided with a discharge hopper at the last end of the material movement; the discharge hopper is connected with a compacting compressor, and the compacting compressor is used for compressing the fermented material.

[0016] Preferably, a cutter is arranged at the feeding port; the cutter is connected with a driving motor, and the driving motor is used for driving the cutter to rotate at high speed to crush the fermented material.

[0017] The material conveying pipe is a flexible telescopic pipe.

[0018] The feeding port is connected with a driving device, and the driving device is used for driving the feeding port to move up and down and horizontally.

[0019] Preferably, two groups of guide plates are arranged at the discharge port, one group of guide plates is used for horizontal swinging, and the other group of guide plates is used for up and down swinging, so that the material is uniformly thrown and scattered.

[0020] Preferably, the wind force turning and throwing device further comprises a buffer dustproof cover towards the discharge port and the fermentation tank behind the discharge port; the buffer dustproof cover is a flexible foldable capsule structure and is fixed on the working platform through a folding rod.

[0021] Preferably, a second supporting frame capable of moving up and down is further arranged on the working platform; the air supply pipe is connected with the external oxygen-containing gas source.

[0022] The air distribution pipe is connected with the air supply pipe through a telescopic hose; the air distribution pipe is further connected with the second supporting frame and can move up and down with the second supporting frame.

[0023] The air distribution pipe is L-shaped, comprising a horizontal segment and a vertical segment, and an aeration hole is arranged on the lower side wall of the horizontal segment.

[0024] The oxygen-containing gas is oxygen gas with an oxygen volume content of greater than or equal to 70%.

[0025] The second aspect of the present application provides a household garbage ecological treatment system, comprising a water culture device, a water washing and purifying device, a gas collecting device and a household garbage aerobic fermentation device.

[0026] The household garbage aerobic fermentation device is used for aerobic fermentation of household garbage.

[0027] The gas collecting device is used for collecting the gas generated by the household garbage aerobic fermentation device.

[0028] The water washing and purifying device is used for water washing and purifying the fermentation gas collected by the gas collecting device to obtain washing water and purified gas;

[0029] The water culture device uses the washing water as cultivation water and uses the purified gas as photosynthesis gas fertilizer to cultivate aquatic plants, and the washing water is purified by the aquatic plants, and the washing water after cultivation of the aquatic plants is circulated and delivered to the water washing and purifying device as water washing water.

[0030] Preferably, the ecological household garbage treatment system comprises a greenhouse, and the water culture device and the household garbage aerobic fermentation device are located in the same greenhouse.

[0031] Preferably, the water washing and purifying device comprises a water washing tower, a condensation tower and a purification tower which are sequentially communicated; the water washing tower is used for water washing and absorbing water-soluble gas in the fermentation gas; the condensation tower is used for removing water in the gas after water washing; the water in the water washing tower after water washing and the water condensed by the condensation tower are delivered to the water culture device as the washing water; and the purification tower is used for further purifying the gas after water washing and condensation to obtain the purified gas.

[0032] The water culture device comprises a plurality of vertically arranged and sequentially communicated water culture tanks, and the water outlet of the lowermost water culture tank is communicated with the water washing tower; the washing water is first delivered to the uppermost water culture tank and is purified by the plurality of water culture tanks step by step, and is returned to the water washing tower from the water outlet of the lowermost water culture tank as water washing water.

[0033] The third aspect of the present application provides an ecological household garbage treatment method, which is suitable for the ecological household garbage treatment system as described above, and the ecological household garbage treatment method comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1. The household garbage is subjected to aerobic fermentation by the household garbage aerobic fermentation device, and the fermentation gas is collected by the gas collecting device;

[0035] S2. The collected fermentation gas is subjected to water washing and purification by the water washing and purifying device to obtain washing water and purified gas, the washing water is used as cultivation water of the aquatic plants in the water culture device, and the purified gas is used as photosynthesis gas fertilizer of the aquatic plants;

[0036] S3. The cultivation water of the aquatic plants is collected after cultivation and is circulated to step S2 for water washing and purification of the fermentation gas.

[0037] The aerobic fermentation device for municipal solid waste provided in this application employs a wind-powered turning and aeration device. Compared to existing mechanical turning technologies, it eliminates dead zones in the turning process, ensuring more sufficient oxygen supply and more thorough fermentation. The ecological treatment system provided in this application utilizes aerobic fermentation to decompose organic matter in municipal solid waste, reducing its weight. The high temperatures generated by aerobic fermentation not only kill pathogenic microorganisms in the waste but also rapidly evaporate moisture, further reducing its weight. Water-soluble gases such as ammonia produced during aerobic fermentation are treated by a water washing and purification device and then dissolved in water, providing nutrients for the growth of aquatic plants in the hydroponic device. Carbon dioxide provides nutrient for plant photosynthesis, preventing odor emissions and achieving ecological treatment that reduces the volume, weight, and emissions of municipal solid waste. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the eco-friendly municipal solid waste treatment system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view diagram;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an eco-friendly method for treating municipal solid waste, provided as a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, 1-Air separator; 2-Crusher; 3-Feed hopper; 4-Greenhouse; 5-Hydropon; 6-Connecting water pipe; 7-Arched roof; 8-Gas collection pipe; 9-Fermentation room; 10-Buffer dust cover; 11-Side wall; 12-Fermentation tank; 121-Fermentation tank front end; 122-Fermentation tank rear end; 13-Discharge hopper; 14-Compact compressor; 15-Folding rod; 16-Air supply pipe; 17-Air distribution pipe; 18-Second support frame; 19-Working platform; 20- 21-Conveying fan; 22-First support frame; 23-Cutter; 24-Feed inlet; 25-Material conveying pipe; 26-Discharge outlet; 27-Water collection tank; 28-Boosting pump; 29-Water conveying pipe; 30-Greenhouse roof; 31-Water outlet tank; 32-Pressure pump; 33-Water outlet pipe; 34-Working passage; 35-Maintenance passage; 36-Exhaust fan; 37-Water washing tower; 38-Condensation tower; 39-Pressure fan; 40-Purification tower; 41-Water collection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0042] This embodiment provides an aerobic fermentation device for municipal solid waste, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a fermentation tank 12, a wind-powered turning device, and an aeration device.

[0043] The domestic waste is decomposed in the fermentation tank 12 until it is completely decomposed. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, in order to fully ferment, the domestic waste needs to be crushed and screened to remove large pieces of material that are not easy to decompose. Preferably, a feeding hopper 3, a crusher 2 and an air separator 1 are arranged at one end of the fermentation tank, the crusher 2 is arranged inside the feeding hopper, the air separator 1 is arranged below the crusher 2, the large pieces of material are crushed by the crusher 2, and then the crushed material is air separated by the air separator 1, the material with lighter weight is blown into the fermentation tank for aerobic decomposition, and at the same time, a decomposed fermentation agent is added, the amount of the agent added is 0.5% of the weight of the waste, and the moisture content is adjusted according to the water content of the domestic waste, preferably, the washing water is used to control the initial water content of the domestic waste to be 60%-70%; the remaining material after air separation can be manually sorted to remove metal, plastic, brick and stone which are not easy to decompose, and the easily decomposed components are manually crushed and then put into the fermentation tank 12.

[0044] The domestic waste needs to be turned over 1-2 times a day in the fermentation tank 12 to fully mix the material and supplement the oxygen required for fermentation. The air turning device provided in the application uses the negative pressure of the conveying fan to suck the small pieces of material on the front side into the material conveying pipe, and then the material is thrown and scattered in the rear fermentation tank after the conveying fan, so as to realize the turning and mixing of the material and the displacement of the material to the rear.

[0045] Specifically, the upper part of the fermentation tank 12 is provided with a working platform 19 which can reciprocate along the turning direction. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, generally, the fermentation material is turned from the feeding direction to the discharging direction, the feeding direction is generally at the front end 121 of the fermentation tank, and the discharging direction is at the rear end 122 of the fermentation tank, that is, the working platform can reciprocate along the front and rear ends of the fermentation tank. Preferably, a guide rail is arranged above the fermentation tank, and the working platform moves stably along the guide rail driven by a motor, the moving speed is adjustable, and the guide rail can be supported by the side walls 11 located on both sides of the fermentation tank.

[0046] The air turning device comprises a conveying fan 20, a material conveying pipe 24 connected with the inlet end of the conveying fan 20, a feeding port 23 located at the bottom of the material conveying pipe 24, and a discharging port 25 connected with the outlet end of the conveying fan 20; the conveying fan is fixed on the working platform and can drive the feeding port and the discharging port to reciprocate with the working platform.

[0047] Preferably, a cutter 22 is arranged at the feeding port 23, the cutter 22 is driven by a driving device such as a motor to rotate at a high speed, and the cutter 22 crushes the large particles or the fermented material which is caked during the fermentation process again, the cut material is sucked into the material conveying pipe 24 under the negative pressure formed by the conveying fan 20, so as to prevent the material conveying pipe from being blocked, improve the conveying safety, and also be beneficial to subsequent full fermentation. Preferably, the cutter 22 is installed at the bottom of the feeding port, and the lowest part does not protrude from the lower edge of the feeding port, so as to prevent damage to the bottom of the fermentation tank.

[0048] The feeding port is preferably movable up and down and horizontally, and in normal operation, the feeding port is displaced downward from the uppermost layer of the material pile, at which time the cutter contacts the material and cuts the material, and the cut material is sucked by the negative pressure of the conveying fan, and then the feeding port is horizontally displaced to the left and right, and the material is sucked while being displaced, and when the edge of the side of the fermentation tank is reached, the feeding port is displaced backward, so that the material is sucked layer by layer. The discharging port is arranged close to the upper part of the fermentation tank, so that the output material can be uniformly scattered in the fermentation tank. When the fermentation tank needs to be turned over, the working platform is moved to the target position, and under the action of the negative pressure of the conveying fan, the material in the fermentation tank is sucked into the material conveying pipe through the feeding port, and then is scattered backward through the discharging port, so that the turning over of the fermentation tank is completed.

[0049] Preferably, the working platform is provided with a first support frame 21, and the first support frame 21 is provided with a driving device for driving the feeding port to move up and down and horizontally. Specifically, the driving device such as a motor can drive the feeding port to move through a traction rope, a gear and a rack mechanism, so that full coverage of the material in the fermentation tank is formed, and the existence of dead zones is avoided. In order to adapt to the movement of the feeding port, the material conveying pipe 24 is preferably a flexible and telescopic pipe.

[0050] Preferably, the discharging port is provided with two groups of guide plates, one group of which can swing horizontally, more specifically, swing along the left and right sides of the fermentation tank, and the other group of which can swing up and down. The guide plates that swing horizontally control the left and right scattering directions of the material, and the guide plates that swing up and down control the scattering distance of the material. The two groups of guide plates are started at the same time to realize uniform distribution of the scattered garbage in the fermentation tank, and improve the uniformity of the material mixing. In order to reduce dust, the application also provides a buffer dust cover 10 that covers the discharging port 25 and a section of the fermentation tank behind the discharging port. The buffer dust cover 10 is a flexible and foldable capsule structure, and is fixed to the working platform 19 through a folding rod 15. During the turning over operation, the buffer dust cover is opened and covers above the material in the fermentation tank, so that the garbage falls in the dust cover. When the working platform moves backward, it can be folded forward and stored.

[0051] The aeration device includes a plurality of uniformly arranged air distribution pipes 17. The air distribution pipes 17 are fixed to the working platform, and the air distribution pipes 17 are connected with an external oxygen-containing gas source. When the working platform moves to turn over the material, the air distribution pipes move with the working platform to aerate the fermentation material pile, so that the material has sufficient oxygen for aerobic fermentation. In the prior art, the oxygen is obtained only by the contact between the material and air during the turning over process. In the present application, the air distribution pipes can be inserted into the material to forcibly aerate by using a high-pressure gas source, so that the oxygen is introduced into the material and diffused in the material, and the oxygen supply is strengthened, so that the material can obtain more sufficient oxygen.

[0052] Preferably, the multiple air distribution pipes are arranged in a direction different from the turning direction, and are further preferably arranged vertically, that is, when the material is turned from the front end to the rear end of the fermentation tank, the air distribution pipes are arranged in a linear array along the left and right sides of the fermentation tank, and when the air distribution pipes move forward and backward along with the working platform in the turning direction, the oxygen supply area of the air distribution pipes arranged left and right can cover the entire area of the fermentation tank, preventing the problem of insufficient oxygen supply in some areas.

[0053] Preferably, the air distribution pipe 17 is L-shaped, including a horizontal section and a vertical section, and the length of the horizontal section is not less than 1 meter. Aeration holes are arranged on the lower side wall of the horizontal section at a distance of 40 cm from the vertical section in the rear end direction. The aeration holes are uniformly arranged with a spacing of 15-20 cm and a hole diameter of not less than 5 mm. Since the material thrown from the discharge port mainly falls into the rear fermentation tank, there is less material near the discharge port. Therefore, opening aeration holes at a position close to the vertical section may result in ineffective aeration, and therefore, aeration holes are opened on the rear side for higher aeration efficiency. Opening aeration holes on the lower side wall can prevent the material from blocking the aeration holes, and the impact of the airflow can also ensure sufficient oxygen supply to the bottom material.

[0054] The air distribution pipe and the working platform are preferably connected by the following structure: a second support frame 18 and a supply air pipe 16 are arranged on the working platform, an external oxygen-containing gas source is first connected to the supply air pipe, and the supply air pipe is connected to the air distribution pipe 17 through a flexible hose. To improve the fermentation effect and reduce the amount of gas treatment, the application adopts an oxygen-enriched air supply form. Air is treated by an oxygen-enriching machine to obtain oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of more than 70%, and then compressed by a compressor and supplied to the fermentation pile through the supply air pipe and the air distribution pipe. A plurality of air distribution pipes are uniformly fixed on the second support frame 18, and the distance between the air distribution pipes is 30-35 cm. The second support frame 18 drives the air distribution pipe 17 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the distance between the air distribution pipe and the bottom of the fermentation tank, so that the air distribution pipe can supply oxygen at the bottom and in the middle of the material after being lifted. Preferably, the material at the bottom of the tank is forcibly supplied with oxygen during the forward turning process, and the material in the middle is forcibly supplied with oxygen during the return process after the turning is completed, thereby ensuring that the material at the bottom of the tank has sufficient oxygen supply in a turning cycle, and avoiding insufficient oxygen supply leading to insufficient decomposition. Specifically, the air distribution pipe moves downward during the forward turning operation, and the distance between the air distribution pipe and the bottom of the fermentation tank is maintained at about 20 cm; when the working platform moves backward after the turning is completed, the air distribution pipe is lifted, and the distance between the air distribution pipe and the bottom of the fermentation tank is maintained at about 50 cm.

[0055] The fermented garbage can be compressed to obtain garbage blocks with high density. Preferably, the fermentation tank is provided with a discharge hopper 13 at the last end of the material movement, the discharge hopper is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, facilitating discharging. The discharge hopper 13 is connected with a compacting compressor 14, which is preferably a hydraulic compressor, to compress the fermented material to form garbage blocks with regular shape. Further preferably, the compacting compressor has a tapered contraction section in the front section of the forming cavity and an equal cross-section section in the rear section. The taper of the contraction section can be adjusted to adjust the density of the garbage blocks, which is generally 5°-10°; the cross-section of the equal cross-section section is rectangular, and the length is not less than 50 cm. The formed garbage blocks are cuboids with basically consistent size, facilitating stacking and loading and unloading.

[0056] During the above-mentioned aerobic fermentation process of the domestic garbage, the material decomposition and transformation and water evaporation reduce the weight of the material, and the material morphology changes during the composting process, and then the material is compressed by the compressor to obtain garbage blocks with certain density. Especially, the compression mold with certain taper can obtain higher density, for example, the front section of the forming cavity is a contraction section with a taper of 5°-10°, and the density of the garbage blocks after compression forming can reach 0.8-1.1 g / cm 3 , facilitating stacking and loading and unloading.

[0057] The existing technology generally uses a machine to turn and throw the fermented material. The wind turning and throwing device provided in the present application uses negative pressure to move the material, which can completely suck the material at the bottom and side of the fermentation tank, reducing the dead zone of turning and throwing. Meanwhile, the process of material conveying and throwing out of the discharge port is itself a process of mass transfer of material and air in full contact, and the material and air are in contact for a long time, and the oxygen is more sufficient. Meanwhile, to further ensure that the material at the lower part of the fermentation tank (the upper part is in contact with air, and the diffusion of air can provide oxygen) has sufficient oxygen supply, the aeration device provided in the present application moves and works synchronously with the wind turning and throwing device under the action of the working platform, and forcibly supplies oxygen to the material at the lower part of the fermentation tank during the forward turning and throwing and the backward process, ensuring that the material at the lower part of the fermentation tank has sufficient oxygen supply in a turning and throwing cycle. Compared with the existing technology, the present application can provide more sufficient oxygen supply for the material, and the fermentation is more sufficient, and the aerobic decomposition effect of the garbage is better.

[0058] As described above, a large amount of carbon dioxide and foul-smelling gas will be generated in the aerobic fermentation process, which is harmful to the environment. The present application also provides a domestic garbage ecological treatment system and method to solve the technical problem, which reduces the content of organic matter and water in the garbage by using aerobic fermentation, absorbs and purifies the carbon dioxide and foul-smelling gas generated in the aerobic fermentation by using the water washing purification device, removes ammonia, small-molecule organic acids and other gases with odor and soluble in water, and avoids the diffusion of foul-smelling gas; further purifies and absorbs the carbon dioxide generated in the garbage fermentation by using plants, reduces the emission of greenhouse gases, and realizes the ecological treatment of reducing the volume, weight and emission of domestic garbage.

[0059] Specifically, the ecological treatment system comprises a hydroponic device, a water washing and purifying device, a gas collecting device and a domestic waste aerobic fermentation device.

[0060] The domestic waste aerobic fermentation device ferments the domestic waste, reduces the content of organic matter and water in the waste, and produces gas mainly containing carbon dioxide and ammonia during the fermentation process. In addition to carbon dioxide and ammonia, trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide, nitrous oxide and other gases are also produced during the aerobic fermentation of the waste. The domestic waste aerobic fermentation device can adopt the aerobic fermentation device in the prior art or the aerobic fermentation device provided in the present application.

[0061] The gas collecting device is used to collect the gas produced by the fermentation of the domestic waste aerobic fermentation device. Preferably, the gas collecting device in the present application comprises a gas collecting pipe 8 arranged directly above the domestic waste aerobic fermentation device, which collects the fermentation gas and water vapor, and then transports them to the water washing and purifying device for purification treatment. Preferably, the gas collecting pipe is connected with an induced draft fan 36 for gas transportation. The induced draft fan is in a normally open state to ensure that the upper part of the fermentation tank is in a slightly negative pressure state, thereby avoiding the overflow and diffusion of the fermentation gas.

[0062] The water washing and purifying device is used to water wash and purify the fermentation gas collected by the gas collecting device, so as to obtain washing water absorbing water-soluble gas such as ammonia and purified gas containing carbon dioxide; the washing water is used as water for cultivating aquatic plants in the hydroponic device, the purified gas containing carbon dioxide is used as photosynthesis gas fertilizer for the aquatic plants, and the ammonia in the washing water can be absorbed and utilized by the plants as nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, the washing water can be purified by cultivating aquatic plants, and the purified water can be transported to the water washing and purifying device for water washing, so as to achieve the purpose of recycling.

[0063] Preferably, the ecological treatment system in the present application is provided with a greenhouse 4, and the hydroponic device and the domestic waste aerobic fermentation device are located in the same greenhouse. Further preferably, the domestic waste aerobic fermentation device is located in the lower part of the greenhouse, and the hydroponic device is located in the upper part of the greenhouse, so as to realize the complementation of matter and energy between aerobic fermentation and plant growth. The greenhouse is not only conducive to maintaining the fermentation temperature of the waste and improving the fermentation effect, but also provides a suitable temperature for plant growth, promotes plant growth, and reduces the diffusion of waste gas produced by aerobic fermentation of the waste and heat loss. In addition, the oxygen produced by plant growth can diffuse into the fermentation tank to provide part of the oxygen for the aerobic fermentation of the waste.

[0064] Preferably, the water washing and purifying device comprises a water washing tower 37, a condensing tower 38 and a purifying tower 40 connected in sequence. The water washing tower 37 absorbs water-soluble gases such as ammonia in the fermentation gas by water washing; the condensing tower 38 is used to remove the moisture in the gas after water washing to obtain condensed water; the moisture after water washing of the water washing tower and the condensed moisture of the condensing tower are collectively used as washing water to enter the water collecting tank 26 through the water collecting pipe 41, and the water outlet of the water collecting tank is transported to the water culture device through the lifting pump 27 and the water conveying pipe 28 to provide nutrients for plant growth, which is absorbed by plants to achieve the purpose of purification, and the excess part of the water outlet of the water collecting tank can also be transported to the front end of the fermentation tank for adjusting the moisture of the feed; the purifying tower 40 is preferably activated carbon, which further purifies the gas after water washing to obtain purified gas, which is introduced into the greenhouse closed space by the pressure fan 39 to provide carbon dioxide gas fertilizer for plant photosynthesis.

[0065] Preferably, the water culture device comprises a plurality of vertically arranged water culture tanks 5, and the height between each layer can be adjusted. Plants such as lettuce, celery and green vines that like water and grow in large quantities are cultivated by using the water culture tank, and the ammonia in the washing water is purified by using plants.

[0066] The water inlet position and the water outlet position of the water culture tank are located at both ends of the water culture tank, and a water outlet is arranged at the water outlet position of the water culture tank. A connecting water pipe 6 is arranged at the water outlet to directly communicate with the water inlet of the lower water culture tank, and the water outlet of the lowermost water culture tank is communicated with the water washing tower 37. The washing water is first transported to the uppermost water culture tank through the lifting pump 27 and the water conveying pipe 28, and flows from one end to the other end of the water culture tank, and then enters the next layer of water culture tank after overflowing. The overall water flow path is S-shaped, and is purified step by step through the multiple layers of water culture tanks to improve the purification effect. Finally, the water outlet of the lowermost water culture tank is transported to the water outlet tank 30 through the water outlet pipe 32, a filtering device is arranged in the water outlet tank, and the filtered water is stored in the clean water tank 33. The water outlet of the clean water tank 33 is returned to the water washing tower 37 through the pressure pump 31 as water washing water.

[0067] The ecological treatment system provided by the present application utilizes aerobic fermentation to decompose the organic matter in household garbage, thereby reducing the weight of the garbage. The high temperature generated by aerobic fermentation not only kills pathogenic microorganisms in the household garbage, but also causes the water to evaporate rapidly, thereby further reducing the weight of the garbage. The water-soluble gases such as ammonia in the gas generated by aerobic fermentation of the household garbage are dissolved in water after water washing to provide nutrients for plant growth, and the carbon dioxide provides gas fertilizer for plant photosynthesis, thereby avoiding odor emission. In addition, the greenhouse arranged for the aerobic fermentation and plant growth realizes the complementation of matter and energy between the aerobic fermentation and the plant growth, improves the garbage fermentation effect and promotes the plant growth, reduces the diffusion of the waste gas generated by aerobic fermentation of the garbage and reduces the heat loss, and realizes the ecological treatment of reducing the amount, volume and emission of the household garbage.

[0068] The application also provides a household garbage ecological treatment method, which is suitable for the household garbage ecological treatment system and includes the following steps: S1. The household garbage is subjected to aerobic fermentation by using a household garbage aerobic fermentation device, and a gas collection device is used to collect the fermentation gas, which mainly contains carbon dioxide and ammonia; S2. The collected fermentation gas is subjected to water washing and purification by using a water washing and purification device, so that washing water for absorbing water-soluble gas such as ammonia and purified gas containing carbon dioxide are obtained, the washing water is used as the cultivation water of the water culture plants in the water culture device, and the purified gas is used as the photosynthesis gas fertilizer of the water culture plants; and S3. The cultivation water of the water culture plants is collected and recycled to step S2 for water washing and purification of the fermentation gas.

[0069] The method utilizes aerobic microorganisms to ferment and treat the household garbage, changes the shape of the garbage and reduces the weight of the garbage; the high temperature generated by aerobic fermentation promotes the evaporation of water in the garbage and also kills pathogenic bacteria carried in the garbage, so that the harmless treatment requirement is met. In view of the large amount of carbon dioxide and foul gas generated in the process of aerobic fermentation of the household garbage, the carbon dioxide and ammonia in the foul gas are recycled by using the photosynthesis and nutrient requirement of plants, the diffusion of the foul gas is avoided, the environmental hazards in the process of aerobic fermentation of the household garbage are reduced, and the ecological treatment effect is achieved. Therefore, the aerobic fermentation characteristics of the household garbage are utilized to perform in-situ composting pretreatment of the household garbage and recycle the gaseous products generated in the fermentation of the household garbage by using the photosynthesis and nutrient requirement of plants, which is an important way for reducing the volume and weight of the household garbage, can effectively solve the invalid transportation of urban household garbage and the influence on garbage combustion for power generation, and achieves the purpose of ecological pretreatment of the household garbage.

[0070] The application can also be used for composting and fermentation treatment of livestock and poultry manure, sludge, straw and other perishable organic materials, and can also be used as a treatment method for dehydration and weight reduction of the above-mentioned materials.

[0071] The application provides a preferred embodiment, which uses the system shown in Figures 1-2 and the flow shown in Figure 3 to perform ecological treatment of household garbage, and the specific process is as follows:

[0072] A sunlight greenhouse 4 is established, the top 29 of the greenhouse adopts an arch shape, a plurality of water culture tanks 5 are arranged in the upper space in the greenhouse, water plants such as lettuce, celery and green vines are planted in the water culture tanks, a fermentation room 9 with an arch-shaped top 7 is arranged in the lower central area, and working passages 34 are arranged on both sides of the lower area for the entry and exit of workers. A fermentation tank 12 is arranged in the central area of the fermentation room 9, and maintenance passages 35 are arranged on both sides of the fermentation tank. The fermentation tank 12 is constructed by using a light-transmitting material. A gas collection pipe 8 is arranged on the upper part of the fermentation tank for collecting the fermentation gas and the evaporated water vapor. A water washing tower 37, a condensation tower 38 and a purification tower 40 are arranged outside the greenhouse.

[0073] First, the household garbage is crushed by a crusher, and the packaging bag (box), long branches, large leaves, plastic bottles and other large pieces of garbage are crushed into small pieces of 3-5 cm. The small pieces of garbage are winded by the air separator 1 during falling, and the light and small pieces of garbage are directly blown into the fermentation tank and covered on the surface of the fermented material. Then, the fermentation agent is sprayed on the surface of the covered garbage to promote rapid fermentation. At the same time, a plurality of material classification boxes are arranged at different positions from the air outlet to temporarily store the garbage falling at different distances during the wind selection process. Then, the large pieces of garbage that can be fermented are crushed again and put into the fermentation tank.

[0074] The household garbage is decomposed in the fermentation tank until it is completely composted. The wind force turning device is used to turn and throw 1-2 times a day during the fermentation process to fully mix the material and supplement the oxygen required for fermentation. At the same time, the material is turned and thrown, and the buffer dust cover 10 is opened to make the garbage fall in the dust cover. The fermentation process uses oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of more than 70% to supply oxygen for garbage decomposition. The oxygen-enriched air is prepared by an oxygen-enriching machine, pressurized by a compressor, and then introduced into the fermentation material through the air supply pipe and the air distribution pipe.

[0075] The waste gas generated by fermentation is collected by the gas collection pipe 8, enters the water washing tower, condenser and purification tower through the induced draft fan 36 for treatment. After the water washing tower sprays water to absorb ammonia gas, small molecule volatile acid and other gases that are easily dissolved in water in the waste gas, it is delivered to the water culture tank by a lifting pump to provide nutrients for plant growth, and part of it is delivered to the front end of the fermentation tank for adjusting the moisture content of the feed. The gas treated by purification is delivered to the greenhouse by a pressure fan and used as a gas fertilizer for plant photosynthesis.

[0076] The household garbage after fermentation is prepared into high-density garbage blocks by a compacting machine, so as to realize the ecological treatment of reducing the volume, weight and emission of household garbage.

[0077] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to the embodiments once they know the basic inventive concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An eco-friendly municipal solid waste treatment system, characterized in that, This includes hydroponic devices, water washing and purification devices, gas collection devices, and aerobic fermentation devices for domestic waste; The aerobic fermentation device for municipal solid waste is used to perform aerobic fermentation on municipal solid waste; the aerobic fermentation device for municipal solid waste includes a fermentation tank, a wind-powered turning device, and an aeration device. The upper part of the fermentation tank is equipped with a working platform that moves back and forth along the material turning direction; The wind-powered turning and turning device includes a conveying fan, a material conveying pipe connected to the inlet end of the conveying fan, a feed inlet located at the bottom of the material conveying pipe, and a discharge outlet connected to the outlet end of the conveying fan. A cutter is provided at the feed inlet; the cutter is connected to a drive motor, which drives the cutter to rotate at high speed to crush the fermented material. The material conveying pipe is a flexible, extendable pipe. A drive device is connected to the feed inlet, which drives the feed inlet to move up and down and horizontally. The conveying fan is fixed to the working platform and can move the feed inlet and the discharge outlet back and forth with the working platform. Two sets of guide plates are provided at the discharge outlet, one set for horizontal swinging and the other set for vertical swinging, so that the material is evenly scattered. When the fermentation tank needs to be turned and turned, the working platform is moved to the target position. Under the negative pressure of the conveying fan, the material in the fermentation tank is sucked into the material conveying pipe through the feed inlet and then scattered through the discharge outlet, completing the turning and turning operation of the fermentation tank. The aeration device includes multiple evenly arranged air distribution pipes; the air distribution pipes are fixed to the working platform and can move back and forth with the working platform; the working platform is also provided with a second support frame that can move up and down, and the air distribution pipes are also connected to the second support frame and can move up and down with the second support frame; the air distribution pipes are connected to an external oxygen-containing gas source to provide oxygen to the fermentation material. The gas collection device is used to collect the gas produced by the aerobic fermentation device for municipal solid waste. The water washing and purification device is used to wash and purify the fermentation gas collected by the gas collection device to obtain washing water and purified gas. The hydroponic device uses the washing water as cultivation water and the purified gas as photosynthetic fertilizer to cultivate aquatic plants. The washing water is purified by cultivating aquatic plants, and the washing water is then circulated back to the water purification device as washing water.

2. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes a greenhouse, and the hydroponic device and the aerobic fermentation device for domestic waste are located in the same greenhouse.

3. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water washing and purification device includes a water washing tower, a condensation tower, and a purification tower connected in sequence; the water washing tower is used to wash and absorb water-soluble gases in the fermentation gas; the condensation tower is used to remove moisture from the gas after water washing; the water from the water washing tower and the water condensed in the condensation tower are used together as the washing water and transported to the hydroponic device; the purification tower is used to further purify the gas after water washing and condensation to obtain the purified gas.

4. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The hydroponic device includes multiple layers of vertically arranged and sequentially connected hydroponic tanks. The outlet of the lowest hydroponic tank is connected to the washing tower. The washing water is first transported to the uppermost hydroponic tank, purified step by step through multiple hydroponic tanks, and then flows back to the washing tower from the outlet of the lowest hydroponic tank as washing water.

5. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collection device includes a gas collection pipe located directly above the aerobic fermentation device for municipal solid waste, and the gas collection pipe is connected to an induced draft fan.

6. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation tank is equipped with a discharge hopper at the rear end of the material movement; the discharge hopper is connected to a compact compressor, which is used to compress the fermented material. The front section of the forming cavity of the dense compressor is a tapered shrinking section, and the rear section is a shape-retaining section with a constant cross-section.

7. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter is installed at the bottom of the feed inlet, and its lowest point does not protrude beyond the lower edge of the feed inlet.

8. The ecological waste treatment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arrangement direction of the multiple air distribution pipes is inconsistent with the material turning direction.

9. An eco-friendly method for treating municipal solid waste, characterized in that, The municipal solid waste eco-friendly treatment system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the municipal solid waste eco-friendly treatment method comprises the following steps: S1. The domestic waste is aerobically fermented using the aforementioned domestic waste aerobic fermentation device, and the gas generated during fermentation is collected using the aforementioned gas collection device; S2. The collected fermentation gas is washed and purified using the water washing and purification device to obtain washing water and purified gas. The washing water is used for cultivation of hydroponic plants in the hydroponic device, and the purified gas is used as photosynthetic gas fertilizer for the hydroponic plants. S3. Collect the water used for hydroponic plant cultivation and recycle it to step S2 for the water washing and purification of the fermentation gas.

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