A sandwich combustion chamber

Abstract

The application discloses a sandwich combustion chamber, comprising: a combustion chamber, comprising a combustion chamber cavity, a piston body and an oil nozzle, the piston body is connected at the bottom of the combustion chamber cavity, the piston body comprises a groove, a top surface and a central axis, the central axis is the symmetry axis of the piston body; a high-temperature-resistant bushing, which is a center-symmetrical disc-shaped structure, the size of the high-temperature-resistant bushing is consistent with the size of the top surface, the high-temperature-resistant bushing is arranged at the center of the central axis, the high-temperature-resistant bushing is located at the top end of the top surface, the edge of the high-temperature-resistant bushing is fixed with the top surface, the middle part of the high-temperature-resistant bushing is bent to the groove, forming a flow guide groove of the high-temperature-resistant bushing, and the surface of the flow guide groove is a streamline structure; the depth of the groove is greater than the depth of the flow guide groove, and the flow guide groove and the groove are surrounded to form a sandwich. The piston body is protected, and the thermal efficiency is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine combustion chambers, and in particular to a sandwich-type combustion chamber. Background Technology

[0002] During the combustion process in an engine cylinder, the most significant heat loss occurs in the piston combustion chamber. Heat is dissipated to the outside through the piston, causing a decrease in combustion chamber pressure and a large heat loss, resulting in a reduction in thermal efficiency. The heat from the combustion chamber acts directly on the piston, which can easily damage the piston surface.

[0003] Existing pistons exhibit significant inertial forces during high-speed reciprocating motion, making them prone to cylinder scoring. Furthermore, insufficient material strength results in inadequate piston rigidity, preventing them from withstanding higher temperatures and pressures, thus hindering the engine's ability to achieve higher thermal efficiency. The limitations of piston materials also restrict the smoothness of the piston's inner walls, limiting its ability to guide post-combustion gases and further impeding thermal efficiency improvements.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a sandwich-type combustion chamber, characterized in that it comprises: a combustion chamber, including a combustion chamber cavity, a piston body, and a fuel injector; the piston body is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber cavity, the piston body has a cylindrical structure, the piston body includes a groove, a top surface, and a central axis, the top surface has a circular structure, the groove is centered on the center of the top surface, and the central axis is the axis of symmetry of the piston body; a high-temperature resistant bushing, which has a centrally symmetrical disc-shaped structure, the size of the high-temperature resistant bushing is the same as the size of the top surface, the high-temperature resistant bushing is centered on the central axis, the high-temperature resistant bushing is located at the top of the top surface, the edge of the high-temperature resistant bushing is fixed to the top surface, the middle part of the high-temperature resistant bushing is bent towards the groove to form a guide groove of the high-temperature resistant bushing, the surface of the guide groove has a streamlined structure; wherein, the depth of the groove is greater than the depth of the guide groove, and the guide groove and the groove enclose to form a sandwich.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the high-temperature resistant bushing further includes a central rivet and peripheral rivets. The central rivet is located at the center of the groove and the guide groove, and the peripheral rivets are located at the contact position between the high-temperature resistant bushing and the top surface. The peripheral rivets are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the guide groove further includes a guide edge, a section of the guide groove is raised towards the central axis to form a guide edge with the central axis as the center of symmetry, and the guide edge is an annular structure; wherein, the surface of the guide groove is composed of two curved surfaces, the guide edge is located at the junction of the two curved surfaces of the guide groove, and the intersection of the two curved surfaces of the guide groove forms the tip of the guide edge.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the fuel injector is positioned toward the guide along its tip.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the guide channel further includes a plurality of bushing vents, which are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the fuel injector includes a fuel jet spray, the fuel injector has a radial structure, the fuel injectors are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center, the number of fuel injectors is the same as the number of bushing vents, and the fuel outside the fuel injector forms a fuel jet structure.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the oil spray position is staggered with the bushing vent position; wherein, in longitudinal section, the oil spray connects the tip of the nozzle to the guide edge; and in cross section, one end of the oil spray is connected between adjacent bushing vents.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the number of surrounding rivets is the same as the number of oil spray jets, and the positions of the surrounding rivets are staggered with the positions of the oil spray jets.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the interlayer has an air layer structure.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the high-temperature resistant bushing is made of tungsten steel; the piston body is made of aluminum.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the various technical solutions and embodiments provided by the present invention include at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0016] 1. By setting a high-temperature resistant bushing, the piston body is protected and heat loss is reduced; 2. By setting a guide line, the heat exchange rate in the combustion chamber cavity is increased and heat dissipation loss is reduced; 3. By setting the bushing vents and fuel spray alternately, the fuel spray is prevented from being directly sprayed into the jacket. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sandwich-type combustion chamber provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2This is an enlarged view of point A in the front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sandwich-type combustion chamber provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sandwich-type combustion chamber provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This invention provides a front view of the external structure of a sandwich-type combustion chamber.

[0021] The labels in the diagram represent: 1-piston body, 2-high temperature resistant bushing, 21-bushing vent, 22-guide edge, 23-guide groove, 3-jacket, 4-oil jet spray, 5-surrounding rivet, 6-intermediate rivet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises", "made for", etc., shall be understood to include the stated elements or components, without excluding other elements or other components.

[0023] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sandwich-type combustion chamber that protects the piston body 1, reduces heat loss, and prevents fuel jets from being directly injected into the sandwich 3.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] This embodiment provides a sandwich-type combustion chamber, including: a combustion chamber comprising a combustion chamber cavity, a piston body 1, and a fuel injector. The piston body 1 is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber cavity and has a cylindrical structure. The piston body 1 includes a groove, a top surface, and a central axis. The top surface has a circular structure, and the groove is centered on the center of the top surface. The central axis is the axis of symmetry of the piston body 1. A high-temperature resistant bushing 2 has a centrally symmetrical disc-shaped structure. The dimensions of the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 are the same as those of the top surface. The high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is centered on the central axis and located at the top of the top surface. The edge of the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is fixed to the top surface. The middle part of the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 bends towards the groove to form a guide groove 23 of the high-temperature resistant bushing 2. The surface of the guide groove 23 has a streamlined structure. The groove depth is greater than the guide groove 23 depth, and the guide groove 23 and the groove enclose a sandwich 3.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, in order to increase the thermal efficiency of the combustion chamber, protect the piston surface, and solve the problems of the prior art, a high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is provided. The high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is preferably made of a high-strength material among high-temperature resistant materials. The existing engine piston groove is streamlined, which better receives the thrust and guides the flow of the combustion mixture. In this embodiment, a streamlined high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is provided to replace the piston's force-bearing surface. The purpose is twofold: firstly, because the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is made of a high-strength material, the temperature and thrust of the combustion chamber will not damage the piston body 1; and secondly, the piston body 1 can be made of a lighter material. The materials used are as follows: First, the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 and the piston body 1 are made of different materials according to their different functions. The surface of the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 can be set as a curved surface with a smaller radius, and the piston body 1 can be reduced in weight, achieving two benefits at once. Second, the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 replaces the piston to absorb the temperature and thrust of the combustion chamber, protecting the piston body 1 and reducing heat dissipation loss. Third, in this embodiment, the depth of the groove of the piston body 1 can be set deeper than that of the prior art, increasing the volume of the interlayer 3 and reducing heat dissipation loss. At the same time, since the piston body 1 is smaller, the piston weight is reduced, preventing cylinder scoring.

[0027] In this embodiment, "upper" and "top" refer to the direction in which the piston body 1 points towards the combustion chamber; "lower" and "bottom" refer to the direction in which the combustion chamber points towards the piston body 1. The description in this embodiment is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, but rather to disclose one implementation method so that those skilled in the art can understand that many changes can be made according to methods not described but deduced from or other implementations of this invention.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 further includes a central rivet 6 and surrounding rivets 5. The central rivet 6 is located at the center of the groove and the guide groove 23, and the surrounding rivets 5 are located at the contact position between the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 and the top surface. The surrounding rivets 5 are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center.

[0029] Specifically, because the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 receives a large amount of fuel combustion thrust, in order to prevent it from falling off, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in the longitudinal section direction, the lines connecting the fixing positions of the plurality of peripheral rivets 5 and the single intermediate rivet 6 form a triangle. Utilizing the stability principle of the triangle, the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is fixed to the top of the piston body 1.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the guide groove 23 further includes a guide edge 22, one section of which curves upward toward the central axis to form a guide edge 22 with the central axis as the center of symmetry. The guide edge 22 has an annular structure. The surface of the guide groove 23 is composed of two curved surfaces, and the guide edge 22 is located at the junction of the two curved surfaces of the guide groove 23. The two curved surfaces of the guide groove 23 intersect to form the tip of the guide edge 22. The fuel injector is positioned toward the tip of the guide edge 22.

[0031] Specifically, in order to improve the flow guiding efficiency of the flow guide groove 23 and reduce heat dissipation loss, a flow guide edge 22 for flow diversion is provided, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in the longitudinal section, the guide line 22 is a pointed structure that protrudes towards the center from the guide groove 23; as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, in cross-section, the guide edge 22 is an annular structure on the plane of the guide groove 23. The fuel injector sprays a low-temperature oil jet spray 4 to reduce the temperature of the guide groove 23. Preferably, the fuel injector sprays an oil jet towards the tip of the guide edge 22. The oil jet is split into two by the guide edge 22 and flows along the two curved surfaces of the guide groove 23 to form a cyclone, guiding a certain proportion of hot gas back to the combustion chamber cavity, increasing the heat exchange efficiency. The heat in the combustion chamber has already been exchanged when it flows through the guide groove 23, preventing further loss in the piston body 1 and reducing thermal efficiency. Since the guide groove 23 is made of high-strength material, the R angle of the two curved surfaces can be set smaller, that is, the guide edge 22 can be sharper, increasing the guiding effect.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the guide groove 23 further includes a plurality of bushing vents 3, which are equidistantly arranged around the central axis; the fuel injector includes a fuel jet spray 4, which has a radial structure and is equidistantly arranged around the central axis, with the number of fuel injectors matching the number of bushing vents 3, and the fuel outside the injector forming a fuel jet structure; the positions of the fuel jet spray 4 and the bushing vents 3 are staggered; wherein, in the longitudinal section, the fuel jet spray 4 connects the fuel injector to the tip of the guide rail 22; in the cross section, one end of the fuel jet spray 4 is connected between adjacent bushing vents 3; the number of surrounding rivets 5 matches the number of fuel jet sprays 4, and the positions of the surrounding rivets 5 and the fuel jet spray 4 are staggered; the interior of the interlayer 3 is an air layer structure.

[0033] Specifically, to further improve thermal efficiency, multiple bushing vents 3 are provided. These vents 3 are arranged at equal angles around the central axis, and the fuel injectors are arranged radially at equal angles to form fuel jet sprays 4. The fuel jet sprays 4 are directed towards the guide line 22 between adjacent bushing vents 3. Using the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 as a boundary, the upper layer is the combustion chamber cavity, which mainly uses fuel oil and its combustion products as the medium; the lower layer is the interlayer 3, which mainly uses air as the medium. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of air, air serves as the insulation medium for the interlayer 3. The purpose of providing bushing vents 3 is to provide ventilation space for room-temperature air in the interlayer 3. Because the gas velocity and pressure in the combustion chamber cavity are high, hot air has difficulty entering the interlayer 3. Therefore, the interlayer 3 and the combustion chamber cavity do not exchange heat, and the air composition in the interlayer 3 remains unchanged.

[0034] In this preferred embodiment, to prevent engine oil from entering the interlayer 3 through the bushing vent 3, preferably, the number of fuel injectors is equal to the number of bushing vent 3, and the angle between adjacent fuel injectors and the central axis is equal to the angle between adjacent bushing vent 3 and the central axis. In cross-section, one end of the oil jet spray 4 is connected between adjacent bushing vent 3, that is, the position of the oil jet spray 4 is staggered with the position of the bushing vent 3 to prevent the oil jet from being directly sprayed into the interlayer 3, but instead enters the cyclone through the diversion along the guide 22; the number of surrounding rivets 5 is the same as the number of fuel jet spray 4, and the position of the surrounding rivets 5 is staggered with the position of the fuel jet spray 4, the purpose of which is to prevent the heat of the fuel jet spray 4 from damaging the surrounding rivets 5.

[0035] Among them, through the combination of multiple embodiments, the sandwich combustion chamber resolves the contradictions in technical means between the technical effects of protecting the piston, reducing heat dissipation, and improving combustion efficiency, and has a variety of excellent performance.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 is made of tungsten steel, and the piston body 1 is made of aluminum. Specifically, the high-temperature resistant bushing 2 can be made of tungsten steel, which is resistant to high temperatures, has high strength, can withstand higher burst pressure, has a smaller mass ratio, and is low in cost; the piston body 1 can be made of aluminum, making the entire piston body 1 lighter and reducing inertial forces.

[0037] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sandwich-type combustion chamber, characterized in that, include: A combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber cavity, a piston body, and a fuel injector. The piston body is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber cavity and has a cylindrical structure. The piston body includes a groove, a top surface, and a central axis. The top surface has a circular structure, and the groove is arranged with the center of the top surface as the center. The central axis is the axis of symmetry of the piston body. The high-temperature resistant bushing has a centrally symmetrical disc-shaped structure. The size of the high-temperature resistant bushing is the same as that of the top surface. The high-temperature resistant bushing is set with the central axis as the center. The high-temperature resistant bushing is located at the top of the top surface. The edge of the high-temperature resistant bushing is fixed to the top surface. The middle part of the high-temperature resistant bushing is bent towards the groove to form a guide groove for the high-temperature resistant bushing. The surface of the guide groove has a streamlined structure. The groove depth is greater than the guide groove depth, and the guide groove and the groove enclose each other to form a sandwich layer; The high-temperature resistant bushing also includes a central rivet and surrounding rivets. The central rivet is located at the center of the groove and the guide groove, and the surrounding rivets are located at the contact position between the high-temperature resistant bushing and the top surface. The surrounding rivets are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center. The flow guide groove also includes a flow guide edge, one section of which curves upward toward the central axis to form a flow guide edge with the central axis as the center of symmetry, and the flow guide edge has a ring structure; Furthermore, the surface of the guide channel is composed of two curved surfaces, the guide edge is located at the junction of the two curved surfaces of the guide channel, and the intersection of the two curved surfaces of the guide channel forms the tip of the guide edge; Furthermore, the fuel injector is positioned towards the guide along its tip; Furthermore, the guide channel also includes a plurality of bushing vents, which are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center; Furthermore, the fuel injector includes a fuel jet spray, the fuel injector has a radial structure, the fuel injectors are arranged at equal angles with the central axis as the center, the number of fuel injectors is the same as the number of bushing air holes, and the fuel outside the fuel injector forms a fuel jet structure. Furthermore, the oil jet spray positions are staggered with the bushing vent positions; In addition, in the longitudinal section, the oil jet spray connects the nozzle to the tip of the guide; in the cross section, one end of the oil jet spray is connected between adjacent bushing vents. Furthermore, the number of surrounding rivets is the same as the number of oil jet sprays, and the positions of the surrounding rivets and the positions of the oil jet sprays are staggered.

2. The sandwich-type combustion chamber as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The interlayer has an air layer structure inside.

3. A sandwich-type combustion chamber as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant bushing is made of tungsten steel; the piston body is made of aluminum.

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