A foundation pit support structure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a foundation pit supporting structure. The foundation pit supporting structure comprises a fixed plate, four long column nails for fixing the fixed plate to the ground, rollers arranged on the lower end surface of the fixed plate, a first supporting mechanism and a second supporting mechanism arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed plate, a moving assembly, a supporting assembly arranged on the moving assembly, a reinforcing rod assembly arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed plate for reinforcing the supporting capacity of the supporting assembly, an elevator, a position adjusting assembly and a supporting plate assembly. The elevator is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed plate, the upper end of the elevator is fixedly provided with a flat plate, the position adjusting assembly is arranged on the upper end surface of the flat plate, and the supporting plate assembly is connected with the position adjusting assembly and supports the side wall of the foundation pit. The application is suitable for supporting the foundation pit, can realize stable protection of the foundation pit, is convenient to install and disassemble, can be recycled and reused, reduces the protection cost, and improves the supporting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to a foundation pit support structure. Background Technology

[0002] Due to construction needs, many cities with shallow bedrock need to excavate foundation pits, especially open-cut construction with relatively shallow excavation surfaces. Because construction and contracting units do not pay enough attention to the construction safety of foundation pits, problems such as foundation pit instability often occur. This can cause delays in the construction period or serious safety problems, such as casualties, collapse of roads around the foundation pit, and even collapse of buildings around the foundation pit.

[0003] One important reason why the support of the foundation pit is not given enough attention during construction is that the existing foundation pit support usually adopts the anchor retaining wall structure, which is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. In fact, the time spent on foundation pit support is even longer than the time spent on excavation, causing serious delays in the construction period. In addition, the existing costs are also high, which increases the project cost. Therefore, this is an important factor that leads to the lack of attention paid to the support of the foundation pit by both the construction party and the contractor.

[0004] To address this issue, reusable prefabricated support structures are now being used. Existing patent "202311464639.0" ("A Foundation Pit Support Device and Foundation Pit Support Method") includes a support plate with a first support component and a second support component at both ends of its side. The first support component includes a strip-shaped insert, horizontally positioned on the side of the support plate, with a limiting plate abutting the other side of the support plate. The end of the strip-shaped insert passes through the support plate and is fixedly installed at the center of the limiting plate's side. A cone is fixedly installed at the top of the strip-shaped insert, and a reinforcing component for enhancing its stability is provided inside. This invention enables the limiting nail to move and rotate synchronously, allowing it to extend beyond the strip-shaped insert and more smoothly into the soil, achieving stable positioning of the strip-shaped insert and further ensuring the safety of the support plate.

[0005] However, the device still has the following problems: 1. The device essentially supports the sidewalls of the foundation pit by using support plates, strip blocks, and limiting nails. However, the strip blocks are relatively thick, and when they and the limiting nails are inserted into the soil, they can easily disturb the soil, which is not conducive to the stability of the foundation pit; 2. The device is not easy to move, and it still requires a lot of manpower to support it. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a foundation pit support structure that is suitable for foundation pit support, can achieve stable protection of the foundation pit, is easy to install and disassemble, can be recycled and reused, reduces protection costs, and improves support efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A foundation pit support structure includes a fixed plate, which is fixed to the ground by four long studs. Rollers are provided on the lower end face of the fixed plate, and a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism are provided on the upper end face of the fixed plate. The first support mechanism includes a moving component with a supporting component on it. A reinforcing rod assembly to enhance the support capacity of the supporting component is also provided on the upper end face of the fixed plate. The second support mechanism includes a lift, a position adjustment component, and a support plate assembly. The lift is fixedly mounted on the upper end face of the fixed plate, and a flat plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lift. The position adjustment component is located on the upper end face of the flat plate. The support plate assembly is connected to the position adjustment component and provides support for the sidewalls of the foundation pit.

[0008] Preferably, the moving component includes a rack plate, a motor, a lead screw, and a gear. The rack plate is fixedly disposed on the upper end face of the fixed plate, the motor is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the rack plate, and its output end is fixedly connected to the lead screw. A moving block is connected to the lead screw, and the moving block is slidably disposed in a sliding groove opened in the side wall of the rack plate. The upper end of the moving block is connected to a rotating rod through a connecting plate, and the gear is disposed on the rotating rod and meshes with the rack plate.

[0009] Preferably, the support assembly includes support rods and support plates. Two support rods are fixedly mounted on a rotating rod, and the support plate is fixedly mounted at a 150° angle to the end of the support rod. The support plate provides support for the sidewall of the pit, and the support plate can be connected to a reinforcing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the reinforcing rod assembly includes a fixing block, a reinforcing cylinder, and a reinforcing screw. The fixing block is disposed on the upper end face of the fixing plate, and a hinge seat is disposed on the upper end face. A rotating motor is fixedly disposed at the end of the hinge seat. The output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the reinforcing cylinder. The reinforcing cylinder is threadedly connected to the reinforcing screw, and the reinforcing screw is hinged to the support rod.

[0011] Preferably, the position adjustment component includes a base plate and a sliding block. The base plate is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the flat plate. Two T-slots are formed on the upper surface of the base plate. A T-block is provided on the lower surface of the sliding block to slide in cooperation with the T-slots. A ball bearing is rolled on the side wall of the T-block that contacts the T-slot.

[0012] Preferably, the sliding block has an inverted U-shaped cavity and a vertical through groove inside. A pressing rod is provided in the through groove. A lever is hinged to the side wall of the pressing rod. A ball is fixedly provided at the end of the lever. The ball is slidably provided in the spherical groove of the L-bar. The other arm of the L-bar is slidably provided in the limiting block. The limiting block is fixedly provided in the channels at both ends of the cavity. A spherical fulcrum is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the cavity. The spherical fulcrum is in contact with the lever. A limiting plate is also provided on the upper surface of the cavity to limit the swaying of the lever. A row of limiting boxes for inserting the end of the L-bar is provided on both sides of the bottom plate.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding block is further provided with a semi-circular groove communicating with the through groove, and a semi-circular limiting member is rotatably provided in the semi-circular groove. The lower end side wall of the pressing rod is provided with a groove, and a locking rod is hinged to the lower end of the side wall of the groove. A first spring is also provided between the locking rod and the side wall of the groove, and a second spring is provided between the lower end face of the pressing rod and the bottom surface of the through groove.

[0014] Preferably, the support plate assembly includes a crank, a secondary rod, and a support plate. The crank is fixedly disposed on the upper end face of the sliding block, the secondary rod is fixedly disposed in the middle of the crank, and the support plate is fixedly disposed at the ends of the crank and the secondary rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The device of the present invention is equipped with rollers, which can be moved easily. Compared with existing support, it can be moved more easily and can be adjusted in position within the foundation pit even without a crane or gantry crane. 2. The device of the present invention is equipped with a first support mechanism, which can support the sidewall of the foundation pit. It can adjust the device to a suitable angle according to the inclination angle of the foundation pit sidewall to achieve a more closely fitting support surface, reduce the gap between the soil and the support plate, and achieve better support. This mechanism uses a motor to adjust the front and rear position of the support rod, reducing the consumption of manpower. At the same time, a rotating motor is provided to adjust the reinforcing screw, thereby adjusting the angle of the support rod, and ultimately adjusting the angle of the support plate. In addition, the reinforcing screw can further strengthen the supporting force of the support plate, thereby improving the stability of the foundation pit.

[0016] 3. The device of the present invention is provided with a second support mechanism, which is equipped with a lifting device, and can provide targeted protection for key areas.

[0017] 4. The device of the present invention is provided with long column nails, which has better stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a front view of the support structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the sliding block in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a front view of the position adjustment component in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the position adjustment component in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a top view of the support structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of section C.

[0027] Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the moving block and sliding groove.

[0028] Among them, 1. fixed plate, 2. long column nail, 3. roller, 4. rack plate, 5. motor, 6. lead screw, 7. moving block, 8. rotating rod, 9. connecting plate, 10. gear, 11. sliding groove, 12. support rod, 13. support plate, 14. fixed block, 15. hinge seat, 16. rotating motor, 17. reinforcing cylinder, 18. reinforcing screw, 19. elevator, 20. flat plate, 21. base plate, 211. T-slot, 22. sliding block, 221. 22. T-block, 23. Ball bearing, 24. Cavity, 25. Pressing rod, 26. Spherical fulcrum, 27. Lever, 28. Sphere, 29. L-bar, 30. Spherical groove, 31. Limiting block, 32. Limiting plate, 33. Semicircular groove, 34. Limiting component, 35. Embedded groove, 36. Locking rod, 37. Spring No. 1, 38. Crank rod, 39. Secondary rod, 40. Support plate, 41. Reinforcing plate, 42. Anchor bolt hole, 43. Limiting box. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Example: See attached document Figure 1-9 A foundation pit support structure includes a fixing plate 1. The upper surface of the fixing plate 1 is provided with several through holes. Long studs 2 are installed in the through holes to fix the fixing plate 1 to the ground. The long studs 2 can be driven deeply by a rammer or a large iron hammer, thereby improving the stability of the connection and preventing the fixing plate 1 from moving under stress.

[0031] To make the entire device easier to move, a roller 3 is detachably installed on the lower end face of the fixed plate 1, which can be moved to a suitable position according to actual needs.

[0032] The upper surface of the fixed plate 1 is provided with a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism. The first support mechanism includes a moving component and a support component. The upper surface of the fixed plate is also provided with a reinforcing rod component to enhance the support capacity of the support component.

[0033] The moving component includes a rack plate 4, a motor 5, a lead screw 6, and a gear 10. The rack plate 4 is detachably mounted on the upper end face of the fixed plate 1 by bolts, and is set in a direction perpendicular to one side wall of the fixed plate 1. The motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the rack plate 4, and its output end is fixedly connected to the lead screw 6. A mounting block is fixedly mounted on the tail end of the side wall of the rack plate 4, and the other end of the lead screw 6 is rotatably mounted on the mounting block to ensure the stability of the lead screw 6.

[0034] A movable block 7 is connected to the lead screw 6. The movable block 7 is slidably set in the sliding groove 11 opened in the side wall of the rack plate 4. When the motor 5 drives the lead screw 6 to rotate, it will drive the movable block 7 to move back and forth. The sliding groove 11 plays the role of limiting the movable block 7, preventing the movable block 7 from rotating in place, and ensuring that the movement of the movable block 7 is smooth.

[0035] In addition, a sliding groove 11 is also provided on the inner side wall of the rack plate 4. A moving block 7 is provided in the sliding groove 11. No motor or lead screw is provided on this side. The moving block 7 only serves as a support.

[0036] The upper ends of the inner and outer movable blocks 7 are connected to the rotating rod 8 via connecting plates 9. Gear 10 is rotatably mounted on rotating rod 8 and meshes with rack plate 4. Moving blocks 7 and connecting plates 9 located on both sides of rack plate 4 can limit the installation of gear 10.

[0037] Furthermore, stops are provided at both ends of the rack plate 4 to block the gear 10, prevent the gear 10 from detaching from the rack plate 4, and improve safety.

[0038] The support assembly includes support rods 12 and support plates 13. Two support rods 12 are fixedly mounted on rotating rods 8, and support plates 13 are fixedly mounted at a 150° angle to the ends of the support rods 12. The support plates 13 provide support for the sidewalls of the foundation pit.

[0039] The reinforcing rod assembly includes a fixing block 14, a reinforcing cylinder 17, and a reinforcing screw 18. The fixing block 14 is detachably mounted on the upper end face of the fixing plate 1 by bolts, and a hinge seat 15 is provided on the upper end face. A rotating motor 16 is fixedly mounted on the end of the hinge seat 15. The output shaft of the rotating motor 16 is fixedly connected to the reinforcing cylinder 17. The reinforcing cylinder 17 is threadedly connected to the reinforcing screw 18, and the reinforcing screw 18 is hinged to the support rod 12.

[0040] In use, by starting the rotating motor 16, the rotating motor 16 works, driving the reinforcing cylinder 17 to rotate, which in turn allows the reinforcing screw 18 to extend and retract within the reinforcing cylinder 17, further driving the support rod 12 to rotate, thereby changing the support angle of the support plate 13 against the pit sidewall. Moreover, the operation of the rotating motor 16 allows the reinforcing screw 18 to apply greater force to the support plate 13, thereby improving the support effect.

[0041] Furthermore, to improve the support effect, a reinforcing plate 41 can be installed on the support plate 13 by bolts. During use, by rotating the motor 16 and the motor 5, the support plate 13 and the reinforcing plate 41 are made to be perpendicular to the ground. The entire device platform pushes the reinforcing plate 41 against the side wall of the pit. At the same time, the upper support plate 13 also has a reinforcing force under the action of the reinforcing screw 18, which can achieve better support.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to improve the support effect, anchor bolt holes 42 are provided on the support plate 13 and the reinforcing plate 41. In areas where the soil is particularly soft, anchor bolts can be driven into the anchor bolt holes 42 to achieve further foundation pit support and reinforcement.

[0043] The second support mechanism includes a lift 19, a position adjustment assembly, and a support plate assembly. The lift 19 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the fixed plate 1 by bolts. The lift 19 is an existing device and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] A plate 20 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the elevator 19. The position adjustment component is installed on the upper surface of the plate 20. The support plate component is connected to the position adjustment component and provides support for the side wall of the pit.

[0045] The position adjustment assembly includes a base plate 21 and a sliding block 22. The base plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the flat plate 20. Two T-slots 211 are formed on the upper surface of the base plate 21. A T-block 221 that slides in cooperation with the T-slots 211 is provided on the lower surface of the sliding block 22. A ball bearing 223 is rolled on the side wall of the T-block 221 that contacts the T-slots 211.

[0046] After the entire device is installed, the sliding block 22 can be manually pushed back and forth in the area to be supported.

[0047] The sliding block 22 has an inverted U-shaped cavity 23 and a vertical through groove inside. A pressing rod 24 is installed in the through groove. A lever 26 is hinged to the side wall of the pressing rod 24. A ball 27 is fixedly installed at the end of the lever 26. The ball 27 is slidably installed in the spherical groove 29 of the L rod 28. The other arm of the L rod 28 is slidably installed in the limiting block 30. The limiting block 30 is fixedly installed in the channels at both ends of the cavity 23. A spherical fulcrum 25 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the cavity 23. The spherical fulcrum 25 contacts the lever 26. A limiting plate 31 is also provided on the upper surface of the cavity 23 to limit the swaying of the lever 26. A row of limiting boxes 43 for inserting the ends of the L rod 28 are provided on both sides of the bottom plate 21.

[0048] The sliding block 22 is also provided with a semi-circular groove 32 that communicates with the through groove. The inner wall of the semi-circular groove 32 is provided with a rubber pad to improve friction. A semi-circular limiting member 33 is rotatably provided in the semi-circular groove 32. The lower end side wall of the pressing rod 24 is provided with a groove 34. The lower end of the side wall of the groove 34 is hinged with a locking rod 35. The maximum opening angle of the locking rod 35 is 30°. A first spring 36 is also provided between the locking rod 35 and the side wall of the groove 34. A second spring 37 is provided between the lower end face of the pressing rod 24 and the bottom surface of the through groove.

[0049] In their normal state, both spring 36 and spring 37 are extended. Spring 36 can pop out the locking rod 35, and spring 37 can lift the pressing rod 24.

[0050] When the sliding block 22 is fixed normally, the lower end of the pressing rod 24 does not contact the limiting member 33. At this time, the locking rod 35 pops out under the action of the first spring 36, and its end abuts against the inner wall of the semi-circular groove 32 to support the pressing rod 24. Under the balance of the force of the second spring 37, the lever 26 is in a balanced state. At this time, the end of the L rod 28 is inserted into the limiting box 43 to fix the sliding block 22.

[0051] When the sliding block 22 needs to be moved, the pressing rod 24 is pressed down, the second spring 37 is compressed, and at the same time the limiting member 33 is pushed to rotate by the lower end of the pressing rod 24. The limiting member 33 then pushes the locking rod 35 into the groove 34, and the first spring 36 is compressed. At the same time, the pressing rod 24 moves downward, causing the end of the lever 26 set on it to also move downward. Then the other end of the lever 26 is lifted, so that the L rod 28 is raised and comes out of the limiting box 43. At this time, the sliding block 22 can be slid.

[0052] Furthermore, the width of the limiting box 43 when viewed from the left is slightly larger than that of the lever 26, which can ensure that the lever 26 will not wobble.

[0053] Furthermore, the ball 27 is slidably disposed in the spherical groove 29, which can ensure that both ends of the lever 26 are connected, while avoiding the lever 26 being restricted from moving when it is in action.

[0054] The support plate assembly includes a crank rod 38, a secondary rod 39, and a support plate 40. The crank rod 38 is fixedly mounted on the upper end face of the sliding block 22, the secondary rod 39 is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the crank rod 38, and the support plate 40 is fixedly mounted on the ends of the crank rod 38 and the secondary rod 39. The height of the support plate 40 can be set according to actual needs, and the bottom can be flush with the bottom surface, thereby achieving full support for the sidewall of the foundation pit.

[0055] Similarly, the support plate 40 is also provided with anchor bolt holes 42. In areas where the soil is particularly soft, anchor bolts can be driven into the anchor bolt holes 42 to achieve further foundation pit support and reinforcement.

[0056] Furthermore, both the first and second support mechanisms of this invention are detachable. During construction, either the first or second support mechanism can be installed entirely, or they can be combined, depending on the actual requirements, providing greater flexibility.

[0057] The fixing plate 1 can also be set smaller according to the construction requirements, with only one first support mechanism or a second support mechanism set on it, while the original soil structure is preserved in the middle.

[0058] Alternatively, a large fixed plate can be set up with two support mechanisms on it, leaving a large working surface between the two.

[0059] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A foundation pit support structure, characterized in that: The system includes a fixed plate (1), which is fixed to the ground by long column nails (2). The upper end of the fixed plate (1) is provided with a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism. The first support mechanism includes a moving component, on which a support component is provided. The upper end of the fixed plate is also provided with a reinforcing rod component to enhance the support capacity of the support component. The second support mechanism includes a lift (19), a position adjustment component and a support plate component. The lift (19) is located on the upper end of the fixed plate (1). A flat plate (20) is fixedly provided on the upper end of the lift (19). The position adjustment component is located on the upper end of the flat plate (20). The support plate component is connected to the position adjustment component and realizes the support of the pit sidewall. The position adjustment assembly includes a base plate (21) and a sliding block (22). The base plate (21) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the flat plate (20). Two T-slots (211) are opened on the upper surface of the base plate (21). A T-block (221) is provided on the lower surface of the sliding block (22) to slide in cooperation with the T-slots (211). A ball bearing (222) is rolled on the side wall of the T-block (221) that contacts the T-slots (211). The sliding block (22) has an inverted U-shaped cavity (23) and a vertical through groove inside. A pressing rod (24) is provided in the through groove. A lever (26) is hinged to the side wall of the pressing rod (24). A ball (27) is fixedly provided at the end of the lever (26). The ball (27) is slidably provided in the spherical groove (29) of the L rod (28). The other arm of the L rod (28) is slidably provided in the limiting block (30). The limiting block (30) is fixedly provided in the channels at both ends of the cavity (23). A spherical fulcrum (25) is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the cavity (23). The spherical fulcrum (25) is in contact with the lever (26). A limiting plate (31) is also provided on the upper surface of the cavity (23) to limit the swaying of the lever (26). A row of limiting boxes (43) for inserting the end of the L rod (28) is provided on both sides of the bottom plate (21). The sliding block (22) is also provided with a semi-circular groove (32) communicating with the through groove. A semi-circular limiting member (33) is rotatably provided in the semi-circular groove (32). A groove (34) is provided on the lower side wall of the pressing rod (24). A locking rod (35) is hinged to the lower end of the side wall of the groove (34). A first spring (36) is also provided between the locking rod (35) and the side wall of the groove (34). A second spring (37) is provided between the lower end face of the pressing rod (24) and the bottom surface of the through groove. The support plate assembly includes a crank (38), a secondary rod (39), and a support plate (40). The crank (38) is fixedly disposed on the upper end face of the sliding block (22), the secondary rod (39) is disposed in the middle of the crank (38), and the support plate (40) is disposed at the ends of the crank (38) and the secondary rod (39).

2. The foundation pit support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component includes a rack plate (4), a motor (5), a lead screw (6), and a gear (10). The rack plate (4) is disposed on the upper end face of the fixed plate (1). The motor (5) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the rack plate (4), and its output end is fixedly connected to the lead screw (6). A moving block (7) is connected to the lead screw (6). The moving block (7) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (11) opened in the side wall of the rack plate (4). The upper end of the moving block (7) is connected to the rotating rod (8) through the connecting plate (9). The gear (10) is disposed on the rotating rod (8) and meshes with the rack plate (4).

3. The foundation pit support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a support rod (12) and a support plate (13). The two support rods (12) are fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (8), and the support plate (13) is fixedly mounted at a 150° angle to the end of the support rod (12). The support plate (13) provides support for the side wall of the pit, and the support plate (13) can be connected to a reinforcing plate (41).

4. The foundation pit support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing rod assembly includes a fixing block (14), a reinforcing cylinder (17), and a reinforcing screw (18). The fixing block (14) is located on the upper end face of the fixing plate (1), and a hinge seat (15) is provided on the upper end face. A rotating motor (16) is fixedly provided at the end of the hinge seat (15). The output shaft of the rotating motor (16) is fixedly connected to the reinforcing cylinder (17). The reinforcing cylinder (17) is threadedly connected to the reinforcing screw (18), and the reinforcing screw (18) is hinged to the support rod (12).

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