A foundation pit anti-collapse supporting device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of building equipment and discloses a foundation pit anti-collapse supporting device, which comprises symmetrically arranged fixed sliding rails, supporting supports which are clamped on the two sides of the fixed sliding rails and supporting units which are clamped between the fixed sliding rails, further comprises: a cover plate unit arranged at the upper end of the fixed sliding rails and used for connecting multiple fixed sliding rails; and a transmission member arranged on the supporting support and connected with the supporting unit. The cover plate unit adjusts the installation positions of the fixed sliding rails, can simultaneously adjust multiple fixed sliding rails, the downward movement distances of the four fixed sliding rails are the same, the fixed sliding rails are not prone to deformation during the adjustment, the stability of the entire supporting device is improved, the supporting surface of the supporting unit is automatically enlarged when the installation height of the fixed sliding rails is adjusted, the installation time of the supporting unit is saved, and the working efficiency of the entire foundation pit excavation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction equipment technology, specifically to a foundation pit anti-collapse support device. Background Technology

[0002] Foundation pits are divided into shallow foundation pits and deep foundation pits. After the foundation pit is excavated, it needs to be supported. Foundation pit support is a set of measures to support, reinforce and protect the side walls and surrounding environment of the foundation pit in order to ensure the safety of underground structure construction and the surrounding environment. When excavating the trench, a sliding rail support device is generally used to prevent the foundation pit from collapsing.

[0003] The existing equipment has the following drawbacks: When adjusting the depth of the sliding rail support device in the trench, the excavator bucket is generally used to adjust and place multiple sliding rail supports sequentially. Since the support device is mostly a rectangular frame design, individual adjustment is time-consuming. It is also necessary to adjust the pressing depth of multiple sliding rail supports at equal intervals. Furthermore, the support device is subject to the force of the soil layers on both sides of the support plate, which can easily cause deformation of the sliding rail supports and affect the stability of the entire support device. In addition, during the assembly of the traditional support device, the support plate is placed in the sliding rail by snapping. When the trench excavation depth increases, the support height of the support plate needs to be equivalent. The existing equipment generally uses the method of inserting multiple support plates into the sliding rail for support, and then snapping the two sides of the support plate into the sliding rail for installation. It is necessary to calibrate the two sides of the support plate and the slots of the sliding rail multiple times. The sliding rail is prone to tilting in the pit, so it is inconvenient to calibrate the position of the support plate, which is not conducive to the rapid assembly of the support plate and affects the installation efficiency of the support plate.

[0004] Therefore, this application proposes a foundation pit anti-collapse support device to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a foundation pit anti-collapse support device to solve the problems mentioned above, such as the long adjustment time for a single adjustment, the need to adjust the pressing depth of multiple slide rail supports at equal intervals, and the fact that the support device is subject to the force of the soil layers on both sides of the support plate, which can easily cause deformation of the slide rail supports and affect the stability of the entire support device. Therefore, it is inconvenient to calibrate the position of the support plate and it is not convenient to quickly assemble the support plate, which affects the installation efficiency of the support plate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a foundation pit anti-collapse support device, comprising symmetrically arranged fixed slide rails, support brackets snapped onto both sides of the fixed slide rails, and support units snapped onto the fixed slide rails, and further comprising:

[0007] A cover plate unit is disposed at the upper end of the fixed slide rail and is used to connect multiple fixed slide rails;

[0008] A transmission component, mounted on the support bracket and connected to the support unit, is used to adjust the support height of the support unit on the soil layer.

[0009] The cover plate unit includes a hinge disposed on the upper end of the fixed slide rail, a first cover plate disposed on one side of the fixed slide rail and rotatably connected to the fixed slide rail via the hinge, a second cover plate disposed on the other side of the fixed slide rail and rotatably connected to the fixed slide rail via the hinge, and a connecting frame disposed on the side of the first cover plate and the second cover plate away from the fixed slide rail. The connecting frame is provided with insert plates for fixing the first cover plate and the second cover plate.

[0010] The first cover plate and the second cover plate are provided with a positioning rod on the side away from the fixed slide rail, and the top of the fixed slide rail is provided with a limiting groove for inserting the positioning rod at the position corresponding to the positioning rod.

[0011] The first cover plate and the second cover plate have positioning grooves on the side of the fixed slide rail for positioning the force application point.

[0012] The support unit includes a protective plate adjustable between the fixed slide rails, a mounting block disposed on the side of the protective plate near the fixed slide rail, and an adjusting plate adjustable on the protective plate located inside the fixed slide rail. The adjusting plate is slidably disposed inside the fixed slide rail. The fixed slide rail has a mounting groove for the adjusting plate to move at the position corresponding to the adjusting plate. An adjusting block is disposed on the side of the adjusting plate near the protective plate. The protective plate has an adjusting groove for the adjusting block to move at the position corresponding to the adjusting block.

[0013] The upper end of the adjusting plate is fixedly provided with a fixing plate, and a reinforcing block is provided on the side of the fixing plate near the fixed slide rail. The reinforcing block is slidably disposed inside the fixed slide rail, and a reinforcing groove is provided on the fixed slide rail at the position corresponding to the position of the reinforcing block for the reinforcing block to move.

[0014] The transmission component includes a fixed shaft mounted on the support bracket and a gear sleeved on the fixed shaft. The adjusting plate has a second rack meshing with the gear on the side adjacent to the gear, and the fixed slide rail has a first rack meshing with the gear on the side adjacent to the gear.

[0015] The support bracket includes an adjustable support frame on one side of the fixed slide rail and a slider on the support frame near the fixed slide rail. The slider is slidably disposed in the fixed slide rail. The fixed slide rail has a groove at the position corresponding to the slider for the slider to move. A collar is slidably sleeved on the support frame. A connecting plate is fixedly disposed between the collars. The connecting plate is connected to the fixed shaft.

[0016] The lower part of the protective plate is provided with a pre-support plate for protecting the soil layer. The protective plate has a placement groove for placing the pre-support plate at the position corresponding to the position of the pre-support plate. A first elastic element is provided at the upper part of the placement groove of the pre-support plate.

[0017] The protective plate is provided with an adjustment unit to restrict the installation position of the pre-support plate. The adjustment unit includes an installation frame on the protective plate, a limiting frame on the side of the installation frame away from the protective plate, and an adjustment component for fixing the protective plate inside the installation frame. The adjustment component is connected to the connecting plate by a traction rope. The support frame is provided with a guide ring to restrict the installation position of the traction rope.

[0018] The adjusting component includes an adjusting rod passing through the mounting frame, a limiting block disposed on the side of the adjusting rod near the protective plate, and a second elastic element sleeved on the side of the adjusting rod away from the limiting block. The adjusting rod is connected to the traction rope. The protective plate has a through hole at the position corresponding to the limiting block for the limiting block to move. The pre-support plate has a snap-fit ​​groove at the position corresponding to the limiting block for limiting the position of the pre-support plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention provides four fixed slide rails arranged in a square frame. Two fixed slide rails are connected and supported by a support bracket, forming two pairs. When supporting a foundation pit, first, one set of fixed slide rails is inserted into the pit. Then, a support unit is inserted into the fixed slide rail, with the support unit and the support bracket on the fixed slide rail forming a 90° angle. Next, an adjusting plate is moved away from the fixed slide rails on the two support units, making them parallel. Then, another pair of fixed slide rails is inserted on the other side of the support unit, completing the installation of the support device. The foundation pit is then excavated using an excavator. As the excavation depth increases, the transmission component on the support bracket is adjusted so that it is positioned between the fixed slide rail and the support unit. Then, the cover plate unit at the top of the fixed slide rail is reversed, covering the top of the fixed slide rail. Finally, the fixed slide rail is pressed down, causing all four fixed slide rails to move simultaneously inside the foundation pit. The cover plate unit secures the fixed slide rails. The position can be adjusted simultaneously, allowing for the simultaneous adjustment of multiple fixed slide rails, significantly improving adjustment efficiency. The identical downward movement distance of all four fixed slide rails prevents deformation during adjustment, enhancing the overall stability of the support device. Furthermore, as the fixed slide rails move downward, the transmission components move the support unit, increasing its vertical support surface. This automatic adjustment of the support unit's support surface during fixed slide rail height adjustment eliminates the need for a separate insertion of another set of support units, saving installation time and improving overall pit excavation efficiency. After the fixed slide rails are properly positioned, the cover plate unit is flipped to the outside of the fixed slide rails, and then the support unit and support bracket are pressed down to adjust their positions. This ensures a more stable installation of the entire support device within the pit, improving its anti-collapse effect.

[0021] 2. When the pre-support plate of the present invention is moved to a high position, the limiting block aligns with the snap-fit ​​groove. Under the action of the second elastic element, the adjusting rod drives the limiting block to move into the snap-fit ​​groove, so that the limiting block moves into the snap-fit ​​groove and the pre-support plate is snapped and fixed inside the placement groove. When it is necessary to adjust the installation height of the fixed slide rail, push the connecting plate towards the side closer to the protective plate, so that the traction rope pulls the adjusting rod towards the side closer to the limiting frame. Then the adjusting rod pulls the limiting block out of the snap-fit ​​groove, releasing the limitation of the limiting block on the pre-support plate. Then the first elastic element drives the pre-support plate to move down. Under the action of the first elastic element, the pre-support plate has a downward insertion force, which facilitates the insertion of the pre-support plate into the soil layer at the lower end of the foundation pit, thereby improving the protective strength of the pre-support plate for the foundation pit. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a frontal structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate unit in operation according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the insert plate fixes the first cover plate and the second cover plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed slide rail and the support unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support bracket in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-support plate installation in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the pre-support plate and the placement groove in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in one embodiment of the present invention, showing the adjustment plate moving upward on the protective plate;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the adjusting block and the protective plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed slide rail and the support bracket in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of Part A;

[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the support unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting plate and the adjustment unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 18 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of section B;

[0040] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 20 for Figure 14 Enlarged structural diagram of section C.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Fixed slide rail; 11. Slide groove; 12. Reinforcing groove; 13. Point; 14. Limiting groove; 15. First rack; 16. Mounting groove; 2. Support bracket; 21. Support frame; 22. Slider; 23. Connecting plate; 24. Collar; 25. Transmission component; 251. Gear; 252. Fixed shaft; 26. Guide ring; 3. Support unit; 31. Protective plate; 311. Adjusting groove; 312. Mounting block; 313. Placement groove; 314. Through hole; 32. Adjusting plate; 321. First rack; 322. Two-toothed rack; 323. Fixing plate; 324. Reinforcing block; 325. Adjusting block; 33. Pre-support plate; 331. Snap-fit ​​groove; 34. First elastic element; 4. Adjusting unit; 41. Mounting frame; 42. Limiting frame; 43. Adjusting element; 431. Adjusting rod; 432. Limiting block; 433. Second elastic element; 44. Traction rope; 5. Cover plate unit; 51. Hinge; 52. First cover plate; 53. Second cover plate; 54. Connecting frame; 55. Insert plate; 56. Positioning rod; 57. Positioning groove. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Please see Figure 1-20 This invention provides a technical solution: a foundation pit anti-collapse support device, comprising symmetrically arranged fixed slide rails 1, support brackets 2 clamped on both sides of the fixed slide rails 1, and support units 3 clamped between the fixed slide rails 1. The lower end of the fixed slide rails 1 is fixedly provided with a pointed end 13 to facilitate insertion of the fixed slide rails 1 into the soil layer at the bottom of the foundation pit. The device also includes:

[0045] The cover plate unit 5 is disposed at the upper end of the fixed slide rail 1 and is used to connect multiple fixed slide rails 1.

[0046] The transmission component 25 is mounted on the support bracket 2 and connected to the support unit 3, and is used to adjust the support height of the support unit 3 on the soil layer.

[0047] It should be noted that during operation, four fixed slide rails 1 are installed in a square frame configuration. Two fixed slide rails 1 are connected and supported by support brackets 2, forming two pairs. When supporting the foundation pit, first, one set of installed fixed slide rails 1 is inserted into the pit. Then, support units 3 are inserted into the fixed slide rails 1, with the support units 3 forming a 90° angle with the support brackets 2 on the fixed slide rails 1. Then, the adjusting plate is moved away from the fixed slide rails 1 on the two support units 3, making the two support units 3 parallel. Then, another pair of fixed slide rails 1 are inserted into the other side of the support unit 3 to complete the installation of the support device. Then, the excavator is used to excavate the pit. When the required excavation depth increases, the transmission component 25 on the support bracket 2 is adjusted so that the transmission component 25 is positioned between the fixed slide rail 1 and the support unit 3. Then, the cover plate unit 5 at the upper end of the fixed slide rail 1 is reversed so that the cover plate unit 5 covers the top of the fixed slide rail 1. Then, the fixed slide rail 1 is pressed down so that all four fixed slide rails 1 move down simultaneously inside the pit. The cover plate unit 5 then... The installation position of the fixed slide rail 1 can be adjusted simultaneously, allowing for the simultaneous adjustment of multiple fixed slide rails 1, greatly improving the adjustment efficiency. Furthermore, the identical downward movement distance of all four fixed slide rails 1 prevents deformation during adjustment, enhancing the overall stability of the support device. During the downward movement of the fixed slide rail 1, the transmission component 25 drives the support unit 3 to move, increasing the vertical support surface of the support unit 3. By setting this support unit 3, the support surface of the support unit 3 can be automatically increased when adjusting the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1, eliminating the need to insert another set of support units 3 separately into the fixed slide rail 1, saving installation time and improving the overall excavation efficiency. After the position of the fixed slide rail 1 is adjusted, the cover plate unit 5 is flipped to the outside of the fixed slide rail 1, and then the support unit 3 and support bracket 2 are pressed down to adjust their positions, making the entire support device more stable inside the pit, thereby improving the anti-collapse effect of the entire support device.

[0048] In one embodiment, the cover plate unit 5 includes a hinge 51 disposed on the upper end of the fixed slide rail 1, a first cover plate 52 disposed on one side of the fixed slide rail 1 and rotatably connected to the fixed slide rail 1 via the hinge 51, a second cover plate 53 disposed on the other side of the fixed slide rail 1 and rotatably connected to the fixed slide rail 1 via the hinge 51, and a connecting frame 54 disposed on the side of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 away from the fixed slide rail 1. The connecting frame 54 is internally provided with a plug plate 55 for fixing the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53.

[0049] This design involves flipping the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 towards the top of the fixed slide rail 1, causing them to rotate 270° along the hinge 51 at the top of the fixed slide rail 1. The two ends of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 are connected. Then, the insert plate 55 is inserted into the connecting bracket 54 on the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 to fix the bottom ends of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53. Then, the upper center position of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 is pressed down, causing the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 to move the fixed slide rail 1 downward. The alignment of the four fixed slide rails 1 can be calibrated by checking whether the connecting brackets 54 at the lower ends of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 are on the same horizontal line. When the four fixed slide rails 1 are not on the same horizontal line, the two corresponding connecting brackets 54 are not on the same horizontal line, and the insert plate 55 cannot be fully inserted into the two connecting brackets 54. Then, the uneven fixed slide rails 1 can be adjusted individually.

[0050] In one embodiment, a positioning rod 56 is provided on the side of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 away from the fixed slide rail 1, and a limiting groove 14 for inserting the positioning rod 56 is provided at the top of the fixed slide rail 1 at the position corresponding to the positioning rod 56.

[0051] With this design, when the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 are flipped to the upper end of the fixed slide rail 1, the positioning rod 56 is inserted into the limiting groove 14 opened at the top of the fixed slide rail 1, which can restrict the installation position of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53, so that when the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 are located at the upper end of the fixed slide rail 1, the connection with the fixed slide rail 1 is more stable.

[0052] In one embodiment, a positioning groove 57 for positioning the force application point is provided on one side of the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 near the fixed slide rail 1.

[0053] With this design, when adjusting the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1, the excavator's center of gravity is placed in the positioning groove 57, which makes the first cover plate 52 and the second cover plate 53 bear force evenly, so that the four fixed slide rails 1 move down the same distance.

[0054] In one embodiment, the support unit 3 includes a protective plate 31 adjustablely disposed between fixed slide rails 1, a mounting block 312 disposed on the side of the protective plate 31 near the fixed slide rail 1, and an adjusting plate 32 adjustablely disposed on the inner side of the protective plate 31 located within the fixed slide rail 1. The adjusting plate 32 is slidably disposed inside the fixed slide rail 1. A mounting groove 16 for the adjusting plate 32 to move is provided at the position of the adjusting plate 32 on the fixed slide rail 1. An adjusting block 324 is disposed on the side of the adjusting plate 32 near the protective plate 31. An adjusting groove 311 for the adjusting block 324 to move is provided at the position of the adjusting block 324 on the protective plate 31.

[0055] With this design, the support unit 3 consists of a protective plate 31 and an adjusting plate 32. During the downward movement of the fixed slide rail 1, the installation position of the adjusting plate 32 on the protective plate 31 can be adjusted by the transmission component 25. The adjusting plate 32 is slidably connected to the protective plate 31 by the adjusting block 324. The adjusting plate 32 can be restricted by the adjusting groove 311, making the movement of the adjusting plate 32 more stable.

[0056] In one embodiment, a fixing plate 322 is fixedly provided on the upper end of the adjusting plate 32, and a reinforcing block 323 is provided on the side of the fixing plate 322 near the fixing slide rail 1. The reinforcing block 323 is slidably disposed inside the fixing slide rail 1, and a reinforcing groove 12 for the reinforcing block 323 to move is provided at the corresponding position of the reinforcing block 323 on the fixing slide rail 1.

[0057] With this design, when the adjusting plate 32 moves upward, the fixed plate 322 drives the reinforcing block 323 to move inside the reinforcing groove 12. The adjusting plate 32 can be connected to the fixed slide rail 1 through the reinforcing block 323, so that when the adjusting plate 32 moves out of the protective plate 31, the fixed slide rail 1 can support both sides of the adjusting plate 32, thereby increasing the support strength of the adjusting plate 32 and the protective plate 31 to the soil layer.

[0058] In one embodiment, the transmission component 25 includes a fixed shaft 252 disposed on the support bracket 2 and a gear 251 sleeved on the fixed shaft 252. A second rack 321 that meshes with the gear 251 is disposed on the side of the adjusting plate 32 near the gear 251, and a first rack 15 that meshes with the gear 251 is disposed on the side of the fixed slide rail 1 near the gear 251.

[0059] With this design, when the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1 needs to be adjusted, the support bracket 2 is pushed to move the gear 251 between the first rack 15 and the second rack 321. Then, when the fixed slide rail 1 moves down, the first rack 15 meshes with the gear 251, causing the gear 251 to rotate on the fixed shaft 252. Then, the gear 251 drives the second rack 321 to move up, causing the second rack 321 to drive the adjusting plate 32 to move up. This allows the installation height of the adjusting plate 32 to be automatically adjusted according to the installation depth of the fixed slide rail 1. The support area of ​​the entire support device for the soil layer can be adjusted according to the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1, eliminating the need to add a protective plate 31 separately to the fixed slide rail 1, thus improving the excavation efficiency of the foundation pit.

[0060] In one embodiment, the support bracket 2 includes a support frame 21 adjustablely disposed on one side of the fixed slide rail 1 and a slider 22 disposed on the side of the support frame 21 close to the fixed slide rail 1. The slider 22 is slidably disposed in the fixed slide rail 1. A groove 11 for the slider 22 to move is provided at the position of the fixed slide rail 1 corresponding to the position of the slider 22. A collar 24 is slidably sleeved on the support frame 21. A connecting plate 23 is fixedly disposed between the collars 24. The connecting plate 23 is connected to the fixed shaft 252.

[0061] With this design, the slider 22 is inserted into the groove 11 of the fixed slide rail 1, and then the support frame 21 supports and fixes the fixed slide rail 1. The connecting plate 23 can fix the two collars 24. When it is necessary to adjust the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1, the connecting plate 23 is pushed to move the collars 24 on the support frame 21, and then the gear 251 on the fixed shaft 252 moves between the first rack 15 and the second rack 321. After the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1 is adjusted, the gear 251 is pushed out from between the first rack 15 and the second rack 321, and then the protective plate 31 is pressed down, so that the protective plate 31 and the adjusting plate 32 move up and down on the fixed slide rail 1 to change the support surface of the support device on the soil layer.

[0062] In one embodiment, a pre-support plate 33 for protecting the soil layer is provided at the lower part of the protective plate 31. A placement groove 313 for placing the pre-support plate 33 is provided at the position of the protective plate 31 corresponding to the position of the pre-support plate 33. A first elastic element 34 is provided at the position of the placement groove 313 at the upper end of the pre-support plate 33. The first elastic element 34 is made of a spring or an elastic pad.

[0063] With this design, when the protective plate 31 moves up and down on the fixed slide rail 1, the pre-support plate 33 comes into contact with the soil layer at the bottom of the pit. The soil layer squeezes the pre-support plate 33, causing it to move into the placement groove 313. The pre-support plate 33 also squeezes the first elastic member 34. As the excavation device continues to dig deeper into the pit, the soil layer at the bottom of the pit gradually moves down. Then, the first elastic member 34 drives the pre-support plate 33 to move down, which can provide temporary support for both sides of the excavated pit and reduce the possibility of soil collapse on both sides of the pit.

[0064] In one embodiment, the protective plate 31 is provided with an adjustment unit 4 for restricting the installation position of the pre-support plate 33. The adjustment unit 4 includes a mounting frame 41 on the protective plate 31, a limiting frame 42 on the side of the mounting frame 41 away from the protective plate 31, and an adjustment member 43 for fixing the protective plate 31 inside the mounting frame 41. The adjustment member 43 is connected to the connecting plate 23 through a traction rope 44. The support frame 21 is provided with a guide ring 26 for restricting the installation position of the traction rope 44.

[0065] The adjusting member 43 includes an adjusting rod 431 passing through the mounting frame 41, a limiting block 432 disposed on the side of the adjusting rod 431 near the protective plate 31, and a second elastic member 433 sleeved on the side of the adjusting rod 431 away from the limiting block 432. The adjusting rod 431 is connected to the traction rope 44. The protective plate 31 has a through hole 314 at the position of the limiting block 432 for the limiting block 432 to move. The pre-support plate 33 has a snap-fit ​​groove 331 at the position of the limiting block 432 for limiting the position of the pre-support plate 33. The second elastic member 433 is made of a spring or an elastic pad.

[0066] With this design, when the pre-support plate 33 moves to a high position, the limiting block 432 aligns with the locking groove 331. Under the action of the second elastic element 433, the adjusting rod 431 drives the limiting block 432 to move into the locking groove 331, so that the limiting block 432 moves into the locking groove 331, thereby fixing the pre-support plate 33 inside the placement groove 313. When it is necessary to adjust the installation height of the fixed slide rail 1, the connecting plate 23 is pushed towards the side closer to the protective plate 31. The traction rope 44 pulls the adjusting rod 431 to move closer to the limiting frame 42. Then, the adjusting rod 431 pulls the limiting block 432 out of the snap-fit ​​groove 331, releasing the limitation block 432 from the pre-support plate 33. Then, the first elastic element 34 drives the pre-support plate 33 to move downward. Under the action of the first elastic element 34, the pre-support plate 33 has a downward insertion force, which facilitates the insertion of the pre-support plate 33 into the soil layer at the lower end of the foundation pit, thereby improving the protection strength of the pre-support plate 33 for the foundation pit.

[0067] Furthermore, if the embodiments involve descriptions such as "first," "second," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relation to the specification. The significance or implied number of the indicated technical features is not specified. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

Claims

1. A foundation pit anti-collapse support device, comprising symmetrically arranged fixed slide rails (1), support brackets (2) clamped on both sides of the fixed slide rails (1), and support units (3) clamped between the fixed slide rails (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The cover plate unit (5) is disposed at the upper end of the fixed slide rail (1) and is used to connect multiple fixed slide rails (1); A transmission component (25) is mounted on the support bracket (2) and connected to the support unit (3) for adjusting the support height of the support unit (3) on the soil layer; The cover plate unit (5) includes a hinge (51) disposed on the upper end of the fixed slide rail (1), a first cover plate (52) disposed on one side of the fixed slide rail (1) and rotatably connected to the fixed slide rail (1) via the hinge (51), a second cover plate (53) disposed on the other side of the fixed slide rail (1) and rotatably connected to the fixed slide rail (1) via the hinge (51), and a connecting frame (54) disposed on the side of the first cover plate (52) and the second cover plate (53) away from the fixed slide rail (1). The connecting frame (54) is provided with a insert plate (55) for fixing the first cover plate (52) and the second cover plate (53). The support unit (3) includes a protective plate (31) adjustable between the fixed slide rails (1), a mounting block (312) disposed on the side of the protective plate (31) close to the fixed slide rail (1), and an adjusting plate (32) adjustable on the inner side of the protective plate (31) located inside the fixed slide rail (1). The adjusting plate (32) is slidably disposed inside the fixed slide rail (1). The transmission component (25) includes a fixed shaft (252) disposed on the support bracket (2) and a gear (251) sleeved on the fixed shaft (252). The adjusting plate (32) has a second rack (321) meshing with the gear (251) on the side close to the gear (251). The fixed slide rail (1) has a first rack (15) meshing with the gear (251) on the side close to the gear (251). The support bracket (2) includes a support frame (21) adjustable on one side of the fixed slide rail (1) and a slider (22) on the side of the support frame (21) close to the fixed slide rail (1). The slider (22) is slidably disposed in the fixed slide rail (1). The fixed slide rail (1) is provided with a groove (11) for the slider (22) to move at the position corresponding to the slider (22). A collar (24) is slidably sleeved on the support frame (21). A connecting plate (23) is fixedly disposed between the collars (24). The connecting plate (23) is connected to the fixed shaft (252). The lower part of the protective plate (31) is provided with a pre-support plate (33) to protect the soil layer. The protective plate (31) is provided with an adjustment unit (4) for restricting the installation position of the pre-support plate (33). The adjustment unit (4) includes an installation frame (41) on the protective plate (31), a limiting frame (42) on the side of the installation frame (41) away from the protective plate (31), and an adjustment member (43) inside the installation frame (41) for fixing the protective plate (31). The adjustment member (43) is connected to the connecting plate (23) through a traction rope (44). The support frame (21) is provided with a guide ring (26) for restricting the installation position of the traction rope (44). The adjusting member (43) includes an adjusting rod (431) passing through the mounting frame (41), a limiting block (432) disposed on the side of the adjusting rod (431) near the protective plate (31), and a second elastic member (433) sleeved on the side of the adjusting rod (431) away from the limiting block (432). The adjusting rod (431) is connected to the traction rope (44). The protective plate (31) is provided with a through hole (314) at the position corresponding to the limiting block (432) for the limiting block (432) to move. The pre-support plate (33) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove (331) at the position corresponding to the limiting block (432) for limiting the position of the pre-support plate (33).

2. The foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cover plate (52) and the second cover plate (53) are provided with a positioning rod (56) on the side away from the fixed slide rail (1). The top of the fixed slide rail (1) is provided with a limiting groove (14) for inserting the positioning rod (56) at the position corresponding to the positioning rod (56).

3. The foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cover plate (52) and the second cover plate (53) are provided with positioning grooves (57) for positioning the force application point on the side of the fixed slide rail (1).

4. The foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed slide rail (1) has an installation groove (16) for the adjustment plate (32) to move at the position corresponding to the adjustment plate (32). An adjustment block (324) is provided on the side of the adjustment plate (32) close to the protective plate (31). An adjustment groove (311) for the adjustment block (324) to move is provided on the protective plate (31) corresponding to the position of the adjustment block (324).

5. The foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate (322) is fixedly provided on the upper end of the adjusting plate (32). A reinforcing block (323) is provided on the side of the fixing plate (322) near the fixed slide rail (1). The reinforcing block (323) is slidably disposed inside the fixed slide rail (1). A reinforcing groove (12) is provided on the fixed slide rail (1) at the position corresponding to the reinforcing block (323) for the reinforcing block (323) to move.

6. The foundation pit anti-collapse support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective plate (31) has a placement groove (313) for placing the pre-support plate (33) at the position corresponding to the pre-support plate (33), and a first elastic element (34) is provided at the position of the placement groove (313) at the upper end of the pre-support plate (33).

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