Filtering and suction mechanism for underwater dredging and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a filtration and suction mechanism for underwater dredging, comprising a traveling mechanism connected to a frame frame, which in turn connects to a housing assembly for water dredging. The internal space of the housing assembly includes a sludge inlet chamber, a filter chamber, and a shovel chamber connected sequentially from front to back. The sludge inlet chamber has an inlet port at its front end. The filter chamber has a rotary filter mechanism. The outer wall of the shovel chamber has a shovel motor, whose shaft extends into the shovel chamber and is connected to a shovel. The shovel is used to shred impurities passing through the rotary filter mechanism. A pump pipe is connected to the rear end of the shovel chamber, which is used to connect to a suction pump to pump out the muddy wastewater from the shovel chamber. A backflushing device is provided on the housing assembly corresponding to the rotary filter mechanism to flush large pieces of impurities blocked by the rotary filter mechanism back into the water. This invention places the filter structure before the shovel, which avoids damage to the shovel caused by larger debris such as stones, thus improving the shovel's service life. Shredding impurities occurs in the shovel chamber rather than in open water, preventing debris fragments from spreading into the water and causing pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underwater robot engineering, specifically a filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging. Background Technology

[0002] Rivers are an important part of the Earth's hydrological system. They are not only an important component of the natural ecosystem, but also an important resource for human society, providing vital support for socio-economic development.

[0003] With the acceleration of modernization and the increase in population and industrial activities, many waterways are facing serious pollution and siltation problems, which not only seriously threaten the health of human living environment and ecosystem, but also restrict the development of society and economy.

[0004] River sediment not only seriously threatens the safety of river structures, but also severely restricts the sustainable development of aquatic ecosystems, making it a prominent environmental problem.

[0005] Many dredging companies use a shovel to directly break up the silt and then use a pump to suck it up. However, the silt often contains a lot of debris such as stones, which can damage the shovel. Having the shovel in front can also cause pollutants to spread.

[0006] To prevent the spread of pollutants, existing technologies employ a negative pressure sludge suction device behind the shovel blade. This device creates negative pressure at the shovel blade, drawing in the pollutants dispersed by the shovel, and then filtering the water containing the pollutants. This technology is used in, for example, the "River Dredging Device for Water Conservancy Projects" disclosed in Chinese Patent 202223602442.2.

[0007] This approach involves first generating pollutants in the water, and then using a suction filtration method to intercept the pollutants.

[0008] The disadvantage of this technical approach is that if the cutter speed is too slow, its ability to break up debris in the water is reduced; if the cutter speed is too high, pollutant fragments can easily gain enough speed to leave the negative pressure suction area, resulting in incomplete removal of pollutants and causing water pollution.

[0009] This invention improves upon existing technical approaches by changing the process of first shredding debris and then filtration to first filtration and then shredding (the shredding of debris occurs inside the frame rather than in free water). Furthermore, the shredding process takes place within the housing assembly rather than in free water. This prevents contaminants generated during shredding from spreading into the water due to the speed gained during shredding, and also reduces the workload on the shredder, eliminating the need to shred large debris such as stones and minimizing shredder damage.

[0010] The inventors encountered new technical difficulties when designing this technical approach.

[0011] Because the material is filtered before being crushed, larger impurities will accumulate at the filtration device, which can easily cause clogging during continuous dredging operations.

[0012] The inventors devised a technical approach to return the filtered large impurities (such as twigs and large stones) to the water body. Returning large impurities to the water body does not affect the dredging effect; pumping out the silt and smaller, broken impurities is sufficient for dredging, as silt is the primary target of dredging, and the amount of silt differs significantly from the amount of impurities.

[0013] However, this design encountered further technical problems: on the one hand, large impurities can easily carry a large amount of silt back into the water, which reduces the efficiency of silt removal to some extent; on the other hand, it is necessary to provide the power for the silt with impurities to move from front to back in the housing assembly. This power needs to be greater than the resistance of the filter device to avoid silt and impurities from clogging the housing assembly.

[0014] To address the two issues mentioned above, the inventors used a high-pressure water flow to impact the silt at the filter plate from front to back. On one hand, the impact of the water flow on the silt and impurities within it can cause the silt adhering to the impurities (such as stones) to detach from the surface of the impurities, reducing the amount of silt carried away by the impurities. On the other hand, the impact force of the water flow from front to back provides the power for the silt and small impurities to move forward through the filter plate and into the reamer chamber.

[0015] However, this design has created new technical problems. The sludge is easily splashed upwards out of the filter chamber due to the combined effects of the filter plate's disturbance and the water flow's impact, causing the dirt to spread out from the top of the filter chamber and pollute the environment.

[0016] The inventors continued their design, devising an ingenious combination of filter plates and related structures. When the filter plates rotate into the filter chamber, they automatically take on a perforated plate shape, allowing impurities and dirt smaller than the holes on the plates to enter the reamer chamber under the impact of the water flow from front to back. After rotating to the top of the filter chamber, the plates automatically form a plate-like structure without holes, thus blocking dirt splashing from bottom to top. This prevents dirt from spreading outward from the top of the filter chamber and causing environmental pollution, and also prevents a large amount of sludge from flowing back into the water body, reducing the efficiency of sludge removal.

[0017] The overall technical approach (first filtering out large impurities, then breaking up smaller impurities and sucking up sludge and filth) still has a technical problem: the sludge inlet is too far from the negative pressure suction point (there is a filtration device in between), resulting in insufficient negative pressure at the sludge inlet. This makes it easy for sludge and other filth to flow back out at the sludge inlet and pollute the water. To address this problem, the inventors designed a rotating baffle.

[0018] In addition, a tracked mechanism was added for underwater movement. To improve the underwater mobility of this invention, the inventors designed a technical solution for lifting the hull assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0019] The purpose of this invention is to provide a filtration and suction mechanism for underwater dredging, which realizes a new technical route of first filtering out large impurities, then breaking up small impurities and suctioning sludge and sewage.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, the filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging of the present invention includes a traveling mechanism, an upwardly connected frame frame, and a housing assembly connected to the frame, for use in water dredging.

[0021] The internal space of the housing assembly includes a sludge inlet chamber, a filter chamber, and a reamer chamber connected sequentially from front to back. The sludge inlet chamber has a sludge inlet at the front end, the filter chamber has a rotary filter mechanism, and the reamer motor is located on the outer wall of the reamer chamber. The shaft of the reamer motor extends into the reamer chamber and is connected to a reamer. The reamer is used to shred the impurities that pass through the rotary filter mechanism. The rear end of the reamer chamber is connected to a pump pipe, which is used to connect to a suction pump and pump out the muddy wastewater in the reamer chamber.

[0022] The housing assembly is equipped with a backflushing device corresponding to the rotary filter mechanism to flush large impurities blocked by the rotary filter mechanism back into the water.

[0023] The rotary filtration mechanism includes a central cylinder and a filtration motor, with the axis of the central cylinder flush with the top of the filtration chamber.

[0024] The shaft of the central cylinder extends in the left-right direction and is rotatably connected to the left and right walls of the filter chamber via bearings; the left or right wall of the filter chamber is connected to the filter motor outward, and the shaft of the filter motor is connected to the shaft of the central cylinder via a coupling; the central cylinder is connected with several filter plates with perforations in the radial direction, and the radial ends of the filter plates are bent to form folded plates to prevent debris from falling out of the filter plates radially; multiple sets of filter plates and their folded plates are evenly spaced around the central cylinder in the circumferential direction; multiple filter holes are evenly distributed on the filter plates; when the filter plates are below the central cylinder, their rotation direction is from back to front, and when the filter plates are above the central cylinder, their rotation direction is from front to back, and the two filter plates and the central cylinder between them form a through groove extending in the left-right direction.

[0025] A mudguard is rotatably connected to the top of the sludge inlet. The bottom wall of the sludge inlet chamber is inclined with the rear higher than the front. The bottom walls of the filter chamber and the cutter chamber are flush with the rear end of the bottom wall of the sludge inlet chamber.

[0026] The backflush device includes a backflush bracket, which is disposed on the outer wall of the filter chamber on the opposite side of the filter motor;

[0027] A row of vertically extending backflush pipes is connected to the backflush bracket, and the backflush pipes are evenly spaced in the front-to-back direction; each backflush pipe is connected to a high-pressure water source at the top, and each backflush pipe is connected to a backflush nozzle at the bottom. Each backflush nozzle is higher than the central cylinder, and the spray direction of each backflush nozzle is tilted downwards towards the bottom of the through groove and towards the filter motor in the left-to-right direction.

[0028] Several backflush pipes are fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing assembly at the junction of the sludge inlet chamber and the filter chamber. Each backflush pipe is evenly spaced in the left-right direction and is connected to the high-pressure water source upwards. Each backflush pipe is connected to a backflush nozzle at its lower end. Each backflush nozzle is located at the top of the housing assembly and the spray direction of each backflush nozzle is inclined downwards and points to the bottom of the rear end of the filter chamber.

[0029] The filter plate has openings on the left and right sides of the side surface away from the folding plate. A closed plate is slidably inserted between the left and right side sliding grooves. A spring is connected between the closed plate and the central cylinder. The spring is used to push the closed plate outward.

[0030] Both the filter plate and the closed plate have filter holes and plate parts. When the spring pushes the closed plate outward radially, the plate part of the closed plate closes the filter holes of the filter plate.

[0031] The inner surfaces of the left and right walls of the filter chamber are symmetrically provided with downward-facing curved grooves. The upper ends of the curved grooves are open, and the centers of the curved grooves are located on the axis of the central cylinder. The lower middle part of the curved groove has a constant diameter section with a radius of R1. The curved groove above the constant diameter section is a variable diameter section. The bottom radius of the variable diameter section is R1, and the radius of the top of the variable diameter section at the top opening of the curved groove is R2.

[0032] R2 matches the distance between the outer end of the closed plate and the axis of the central cylinder when the closed plate is pushed to its limit position by the spring; R1 matches the distance between the outer end of the filter plate and the axis of the central cylinder; the radius of the variable diameter section decreases linearly from top to bottom.

[0033] After the filter plate is rotated into the variable diameter section of the curved groove, the plate portion of the closed plate closes part of the filter through holes.

[0034] After the filter plate is rotated into the equal-diameter section of the curved groove, the plate portion of the closed filter plate completely leaves the filter holes of the closed filter plate.

[0035] The frame has a top frame, and the front and rear ends of the top frame are respectively connected to a front suspension geared motor and a rear suspension geared motor. Suspension ropes are wound on the output shafts of the front suspension geared motor and the rear suspension geared motor. The suspension rope of the front suspension geared motor is connected downward to the top wall of the sludge inlet chamber, and the suspension rope of the rear suspension geared motor is connected downward to the top wall of the reamer chamber.

[0036] The walking mechanism adopts a tracked walking mechanism, including a track support connected to the frame. A track reduction motor is installed at the rear end of the track support. A drive track wheel is installed on the output shaft of the track reduction motor. Several driven track wheels are installed circumferentially on the track support. A track is wound between the drive track wheel and the driven track wheel. Two sets of tracked walking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the housing assembly.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method of using the above-mentioned filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging, wherein the high-pressure water source is a high-pressure water pump, the water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water body and the position of the water inlet is more than 10 meters away from the housing assembly; the water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump is equipped with a water inlet filter screen.

[0038] The reamer motor, filter motor, front suspension geared motor, rear suspension geared motor, track geared motor, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump are all connected to wireless transmission modules. Each wireless transmission module is connected to an electrical control device set up on the shore. Workers can remotely operate the reamer motor, filter motor, front suspension geared motor, rear suspension geared motor, track geared motor, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump through the electrical control device.

[0039] The underwater dredging filter suction mechanism is placed on the bottom of the water. Workers activate the shovel motor, filter motor, track geared motor, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump via an electronic control device. The track geared motor drives the walking mechanism, propelling the housing assembly forward on the bottom of the water. During this forward movement, the silt on the bottom flows from front to back into the filter chamber through the silt inlet chamber. The filter motor drives the central cylinder, causing each filter plate to rotate. As the filter plate passes through the diameter-changing section of the curved groove from top to bottom, the closed-hole plate is gradually compressed into the sliding groove by the curved groove. During this process, the spring is compressed, and the filter holes on the filter plate gradually open. When the filter plate passes through the constant-diameter section of the curved groove, the filter holes on it are fully open.

[0040] The high-pressure water pump supplies high-pressure water to the backflush nozzle and the rearflush nozzle. The water jet from the rear nozzle impacts the sludge, sewage and impurities in the filter chamber from front to back, driving the sludge, sewage and impurities smaller than the filter holes of the filter plate to pass backward through the filter plate and enter the reamer chamber. Impurities larger than the filter plate are lifted upward by the upward rotation of the filter plate and the baffle plate, and after leaving the filter chamber, they fall back into the water body in the left and right direction under the action of the water jet from the backflush nozzle.

[0041] The reamer motor drives the reamer to rotate continuously, breaking up the sludge and impurities that enter the reamer chamber. Under the negative pressure of the suction pump, the muddy wastewater in the reamer chamber is continuously pumped out and discharged to a predetermined location on the bank, achieving the dredging effect.

[0042] When the housing assembly encounters an underwater obstacle, the staff uses an electronic control device to start the front and rear suspension geared motors to lift the housing assembly. After the walking mechanism passes the obstacle, the front and rear suspension geared motors are controlled by the electronic control device to rotate in the opposite direction and lower the housing assembly, so that the dredging work can continue.

[0043] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0044] Damage to reamers is mostly caused by larger impurities. When the total weight of impurities is the same, the wear on the reamer when breaking up small impurities is far less than the wear when breaking up large impurities. This invention places the filter structure before the reamer, thus preventing the reamer from contacting large impurities and avoiding damage from larger debris such as stones, thereby significantly reducing the reamer load and increasing its service life. In this invention, the reamer is located in the reamer chamber rather than in open water. Therefore, when breaking up impurities, even if some impurity fragments gain a high diffusion rate due to the reamer, they will not diffuse into the water and cause water pollution. Instead, they will be confined within the housing assembly and eventually sucked away by the negative pressure at the pump pipe along the water flow direction within the housing assembly.

[0045] The rotary filter mechanism has a simple structure. When silt and debris pass through the filter chamber from front to back, they encounter the filter plate below the central cylinder. The filter plate below the central cylinder rotates from back to front. Silt and small debris (smaller than the filter holes) can pass through the filter holes of the filter plate and enter the auger chamber. Debris larger than the filter holes is driven forward and upward by the filter plate. During this process, the baffle plate prevents the debris from falling off from the radial end of the filter plate, ensuring that the rotating plate lifts the debris to the top of the filter chamber. This facilitates the backwashing device to flush larger debris back into the water in the left and right directions, reducing the load on the auger.

[0046] When the invention moves forward, the silt at the bottom of the water presses against the baffle plate from front to back, causing it to rotate backward. The silt then enters the filtration chamber through the silt inlet. When the silt entering the housing assembly tends to leave the housing assembly through the silt inlet under the influence of disturbance, it is blocked by the baffle plate (there is also pressure from the silt waiting to enter the housing assembly in front of the baffle plate, forming a front-to-back pressure). This prevents the silt at the silt inlet from leaving the housing assembly due to the small negative pressure, thus avoiding water pollution.

[0047] The bottom wall of the silt inlet is inclined at the back and low at the front, making the bottom wall at the silt inlet the lowest point of the shell assembly. This makes it easier to reduce the distance between the silt inlet and the hard foundation of the riverbed, thereby allowing more silt on the hard foundation to enter the silt inlet.

[0048] The backflushing nozzle can flush larger impurities intercepted by the filter plate back into the water on one side of the housing assembly in the left-right direction, avoiding the filter plate clogging during continuous dredging operations and providing a basis for continuous dredging operations.

[0049] During operation, the water jets from each backflush nozzle push the silt and impurities in the filter chamber backward, allowing them to enter the sluice chamber. This prevents the filter chamber from becoming clogged due to the pump pipe being too far from the filter chamber. The backflush nozzles also flush out larger impurities blocked by the filter plate, preventing them from adhering to excessive silt and carrying too much silt back into the water, thus reducing dredging efficiency.

[0050] R2 matches the distance between the outer end of the sealing plate and the axis of the central cylinder when the sealing plate is pushed to its limit position by the spring, allowing it to smoothly enter the curved groove when rotating from top to bottom. R1 matches the distance between the outer end of the filter plate and the axis of the central cylinder, ensuring that the sealing plate remains in a retracted sliding groove state when rotating through the constant-diameter section of the curved groove. This prevents the filter holes of the filter plate from being blocked by the plate portion, allowing mud, water, and smaller impurities to pass through the filter plate from front to back. The radius of the variable-diameter section decreases linearly from top to bottom, allowing the sealing plate to smoothly retract into the sliding groove under the pressure of the curved groove.

[0051] Sludge, wastewater, and impurities in the filter chamber are subject to both the disturbance of the continuously rotating filter plate and the downward jet of water from the back-flush nozzles, making them highly prone to splashing. After rotating out of the filter chamber, the filter plate moves upward away from the curved groove. At this point, the sealing plate, under the elastic force of the spring, is pushed outward along the sliding groove. The plate portion of the sealing plate then closes the filter holes, thus blocking the sludge and impurities splashing upward from the bottom of the filter chamber and preventing them from splashing out further, thereby avoiding the spread of contaminants from the top of the filter chamber and polluting the environment.

[0052] To facilitate more effective dredging, the bottom wall at the front of the dredging chamber should be as low as possible to allow more silt to enter during forward movement. This is why the bottom wall of the dredging chamber is sloping, with the rear higher than the front. However, this design makes the hull assembly more susceptible to obstruction by underwater obstacles, hindering its forward movement.

[0053] In this invention, the housing assembly is suspended from the top frame of the machine frame by suspension ropes. Therefore, when the housing assembly is blocked by an obstacle while moving underwater, the front suspension reduction motor and the rear suspension reduction motor can be operated synchronously to lift the housing assembly upward. After passing the obstacle, the housing assembly can be lowered down, which improves the underwater mobility of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 The rightward direction in this invention is the forward direction.

[0055] Figure 2 After removing the housing assembly Figure 1 Top view.

[0056] Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the filter plate and the central cylinder when the filter plate is located in the constant-diameter section of the curved groove. At this time, the closed-hole plate does not extend out of the groove, and the closed-hole plate is located... Figure 4 The rear view of the filter plate and in Figure 4 The filter is completely blocked by the filter plate, and the closed plate does not block the filter holes of the filter plate.

[0058] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA section view;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter plate and the central cylinder when the filter plate is rotated to the top of the filter chamber. At this time, the closed plate extends out of the slide groove to the limit position under the action of the spring. At this time, all the filter holes on the filter plate are blocked by the plate part of the closed plate.

[0060] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 BB cross-sectional view.

[0061] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the housing assembly.

[0062] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the housing assembly.

[0063] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the combination of all the filter plates and the central cylinder.

[0064] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the invention after removing the housing assembly. For the sake of simplicity, Figure 11 None of the closed perforated plates corresponding to the filter plates in the middle extended out of the slide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0065] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the underwater dredging filtration and suction mechanism of the present invention includes a walking mechanism, which is connected upward to a frame frame 41. The frame 41 is connected to a housing assembly 1. The present invention is used for dredging water bodies (such as river water, lake water, etc.). The internal space of the housing assembly 1 includes a sludge inlet chamber 42, a filter chamber 43, and a shovel chamber 44 connected sequentially from front to back. The sludge inlet chamber 42 is provided with a sludge inlet 45 at the front end. The filter chamber 43 is provided with a rotary filter mechanism. The outer wall of the shovel chamber 44 is provided with a shovel motor 46. The shaft of the shovel motor 46 extends into the shovel chamber 44 and is connected to a shovel 14. The shovel 14 is used to break up small pieces of impurities that pass through the rotary filter mechanism (large pieces of impurities are filtered). The rear end of the shovel chamber 44 is connected to a pump pipe 11. The pump pipe 11 is used to connect to a suction pump through an external hose (such as a pressure-resistant fluororubber hose or polyurethane hose) and to suck out the muddy sewage in the shovel chamber 44. The suction pump is a conventional technology and can be set on the shore of the water body, not shown in the figure.

[0066] The housing assembly 1 is provided with a backwashing device corresponding to the rotary filter mechanism to flush back large impurities (large impurities refer to impurities that cannot pass through the filter holes of the rotary filter mechanism) that are blocked by the rotary filter mechanism back into the water body (such as river water).

[0067] Damage to the reamer 14 is mostly caused by larger impurities. When the total weight of impurities is the same, the wear on the reamer 14 when breaking up small impurities is much less than the wear when breaking up large impurities. This invention places the filter structure before the reamer 14, thus preventing the reamer 14 from contacting large impurities and avoiding damage from larger debris such as stones, thereby significantly reducing the load on the reamer 14 and increasing its service life. In this invention, the reamer 14 is located in the reamer cavity 44. Therefore, when breaking up impurities, even if some impurity fragments gain a high diffusion velocity due to the reamer 14, they will not diffuse into the water and cause water pollution. Instead, they are confined within the housing assembly 1 and eventually sucked away by the negative pressure at the pump pipe 11 along with the water flow direction in the housing assembly 1.

[0068] The rotary filter mechanism includes a central cylinder 48 and a filter motor 49. The axis of the central cylinder 48 is flush with the top of the filter chamber 43 (flush with the top wall of the housing assembly 1).

[0069] The shaft of the central cylinder 48 extends in the left-right direction and is rotatably connected to the left and right walls of the filter chamber 43 via bearings; the left or right wall of the filter chamber 43 is connected outward to the filter motor 49. Figure 8The reference numeral 50 shows the mounting cylinder for installing the filter motor 49. The shaft of the filter motor 49 is connected to the shaft of the central cylinder 48 via a coupling. The central cylinder 48 is radially connected to several perforated filter plates 8. The radial ends of the perforated filter plates 8 are bent to form folded plates 51 to prevent debris from falling radially out of the filter plates 8. Multiple sets of perforated filter plates 8 and their folded plates 51 are evenly spaced around the central cylinder 48 in the circumferential direction. Multiple filter holes 52 are evenly distributed on the perforated filter plates 8. When the perforated filter plates 8 are located below the central cylinder 48, their rotation direction is from back to front (and at this time, the folded plates 51 are located on the front side of the perforated filter plates 8, such as...). Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, combined with Figure 10 When the filter plate 8 is located above the central cylinder 48, its rotation direction is from front to back (and at this time, the baffle plate 51 is located on the rear side of the filter plate 8, such as...). Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, combined with Figure 10 The two filter plates 8 and the central cylinder 48 between them form a through groove 53 that extends in the left and right direction.

[0070] The rotary filter mechanism has a simple structure. When silt and debris pass through the filter chamber 43 from front to back, they encounter the filter plate 8 below the central cylinder 48. The filter plate 8 below the central cylinder 48 rotates from back to front. Silt and small debris (smaller than the filter through hole 52) can pass through the filter through hole 52 of the filter plate 8 and enter the reamer chamber 44. Debris larger than the filter through hole 52 is driven forward and upward by the filter plate 8. During this process, the baffle plate 51 prevents the debris from falling off from the radial end of the filter plate 8, ensuring that the rotating plate lifts the debris to the top of the filter chamber 43. This facilitates the backwashing device to flush larger debris back into the water in the left and right directions, reducing the load on the reamer 14.

[0071] A mudguard 13 is rotatably connected to the top of the silt inlet 45, and the bottom wall of the silt inlet cavity 42 is inclined with the rear higher than the front (e.g., Figure 9 As shown), the bottom wall of the filter chamber 43 and the bottom wall of the reamer chamber 44 are flush with the rear end of the bottom wall of the sludge inlet chamber 42.

[0072] The mudguard 13 remains vertical under gravity when not subjected to external force. When the device moves forward, the bottom silt presses against the mudguard 13 from front to back, causing it to rotate backward. The silt then enters the filter chamber 43 through the silt inlet chamber 42. When the silt entering the housing assembly 1 tends to leave through the silt inlet 45 under disturbance, it is blocked by the mudguard 13 (there is also pressure from the silt waiting to enter the housing assembly 1 in front of the mudguard 13), thus preventing the silt at the silt inlet chamber 42 from leaving the housing assembly 1 due to insufficient negative pressure and causing water pollution.

[0073] The bottom wall of the silt inlet 45 is inclined with a higher back and a lower front, making the bottom wall of the silt inlet 45 the lowest point of the shell assembly 1. This makes it easier to reduce the distance between the silt inlet 45 and the hard foundation of the riverbed, thereby allowing more silt on the hard foundation to enter the silt inlet 45.

[0074] The backflush device includes a backflush bracket 54, which is disposed on the outer wall of the filter chamber 43 on the opposite side of the filter motor 49.

[0075] A row of vertically extending backflush pipes 55 are connected to the backflush bracket 54, with each backflush pipe 55 evenly spaced in the front-to-back direction. Each backflush pipe 55 is connected upward to a high-pressure water source (each backflush pipe 55 is connected to the same high-pressure water source, which is a water pump or a high-pressure water tank. The water in the water pump or high-pressure water tank can be taken from the filtered water body at the work site, such as river water, or tap water can be used. When using a high-pressure water tank, the high-pressure water tank is pressurized by a water pump upstream of the high-pressure water tank. Taking water and pressurizing it after filtration is a conventional technique and will not be described in detail). Each backflush pipe 55 is connected to a backflush nozzle 7 at its lower end, and each backflush nozzle 7 is higher than the central cylinder 48. Figure 11 In the middle, the central cylinder 48 is blocked by the filter motor 49), and the spray direction of each backwash nozzle 7 is tilted downwards towards the bottom of the through groove 53 and towards the filter motor 49 in the left and right directions.

[0076] During operation, the filter plate 8 and baffle 51 rotate, lifting larger impurities that cannot pass through the filter holes 52 upwards. When the filter plate 8 rotates above the central cylinder 48, the larger impurities fall into the lower part of the channel 53 under the action of gravity. The larger impurities are then moved to the other side of the filter chamber 43 by the high-pressure water flow sprayed from each backflushing nozzle 7, until they fall into the water after passing through the channel 53. The backflushing nozzles 7 can flush the larger impurities intercepted by the filter plate 8 back to the water on one side of the housing assembly 1 in the left and right direction, avoiding the clogging of the filter plate 8 during continuous dredging operations, thus providing a basis for continuous dredging operations.

[0077] A number of backflush pipes 57 are fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing assembly 1 at the junction of the sludge inlet chamber 42 and the filter chamber 43. Each backflush pipe 57 is evenly spaced in the left-right direction. Each backflush pipe 57 is connected to the high-pressure water source upward. Each backflush pipe 57 is connected to a backflush nozzle 58 at its lower end. Each backflush nozzle 58 is located at the top of the housing assembly 1. The spray direction of each backflush nozzle 58 is inclined downward and points to the bottom of the rear end of the filter chamber 43.

[0078] During operation, the water jets from each backflush nozzle 58 push the silt and impurities in the filter chamber 43 backward, allowing them to enter the reamer chamber 44. This prevents the filter chamber 43 from becoming clogged due to the distance between the pump pipe 11 and the filter chamber 43. Since there is no filter obstruction in the sludge inlet chamber 42, it will not become clogged. Each backflush nozzle 58 also washes away larger impurities blocked by the filter plate 8, preventing them from adhering to excessive silt and carrying too much silt back into the water, thus reducing sludge removal efficiency.

[0079] The filter plate 8 has openings on the left and right sides of the side surface opposite to the folding plate 51. A closed plate 9 is slidably inserted between the left and right sides of the sliding grooves 59. A spring is connected between the closed plate 9 and the central cylinder 48. The spring is used to push the closed plate 9 outward. The spring is a conventional technology and is not shown in the figure.

[0080] Both the filter plate 8 and the closed plate 9 have filter holes 52 and a plate portion (the plate portion is the part other than the holes). When the spring pushes the closed plate 9 radially outward, the plate portion of the closed plate 9 closes the filter holes 52 of the filter plate 8. In this embodiment, the filter holes 52 of the filter plate 8 are multiple square holes arranged in an array, and the filter holes 52 of the closed plate 9 are elongated holes, with one elongated hole corresponding to a row of filter holes 52 on the filter plate 8.

[0081] The inner surfaces of the left and right walls of the filter chamber 43 are symmetrically provided with downward-facing curved grooves. The upper ends of the curved grooves are open, and the centers of the curved grooves are located on the axis of the central cylinder 48. The lower middle part of the curved groove has a constant diameter section 60 with a radius of R1. The curved groove above the constant diameter section 60 is a variable diameter section 61. The bottom radius of the variable diameter section 61 is R1, and the radius of the top of the variable diameter section 61 at the top opening of the curved groove is R2.

[0082] When R2 is pushed to its limit position by the spring, the distance between the outer end of the sealing plate 9 and the axis of the central cylinder 48 matches (so that the sealing plate 9 can smoothly enter the curved groove when rotating from top to bottom). The distance between R1 and the outer end of the filter plate 8 and the axis of the central cylinder 48 matches (so that the sealing plate 9 is kept in the retracted groove state when rotating through the equal diameter section 60 of the curved groove, thereby keeping the filter holes 52 of the filter plate 8 from being blocked by the plate part of the sealing plate 9, allowing mud, water and smaller impurities to pass through the filter plate from front to back). The radius of the variable diameter section 61 decreases linearly from top to bottom (so that the sealing plate 9 can smoothly retract into the groove 59 under the pressure of the curved groove).

[0083] After the filter plate 8 is rotated into the variable diameter section 61 of the curved groove, the plate part of the closed plate 9 closes part of the filter through hole 52 of the filter plate 8. At this time, the unblocked part of the filter through hole 52 of the filter plate 8 is connected to the filter through hole 52 of the closed plate 9 (the filter through hole 52 of the filter plate 8 does not reach the maximum opening, but is only partially open).

[0084] After the filter plate 8 is rotated into the equal diameter section 60 of the curved groove, the plate part of the closed plate 9 completely leaves the filter through hole 52 of the closed filter plate 8. At this time, the filter through hole 52 of the filter plate 8 and the filter through hole 52 of the closed plate 9 are in one-to-one correspondence and communication (the filter through hole 52 of the filter plate 8 reaches the maximum opening).

[0085] Sludge, wastewater, and impurities in the filter chamber 43 are subject to both the disturbance caused by the continuously rotating filter plate 8 and the downward spray of water from the backflush nozzle 58, making them prone to splashing. After rotating out of the filter chamber 43, the filter plate 8 moves upward away from the curved groove. At this time, the sealing plate 9 is pushed outward along the slide groove 59 under the elastic force of the spring. The plate portion of the sealing plate 9 closes the filter holes 52 of the filter plate 8. Therefore, the mud, water, and impurities splashing upward in the filter chamber 43 are blocked by the sealing plate 9 and will not splash upward, thus preventing the pollutants from spreading out from the top of the filter chamber 43 and polluting the environment.

[0086] The frame 41 has a top frame 4. The front and rear ends of the top frame 4 of the frame 41 are respectively connected to the front suspension reduction motor 3 and the rear suspension reduction motor 12. Suspension ropes 10 are wound on the output shafts of the front suspension reduction motor 3 and the rear suspension reduction motor 12. The suspension rope 10 of the front suspension reduction motor 3 is connected downward to the top wall of the sludge inlet chamber 42, and the suspension rope 10 of the rear suspension reduction motor 12 is connected downward to the top wall of the sluice chamber 44.

[0087] In this invention, both the front suspension geared motor 3 and the rear suspension geared motor 12 have a self-locking function (a conventional technology). To more effectively remove silt, the bottom wall of the inlet chamber 42 should be as low as possible to allow more silt to enter during forward movement. This is why the bottom wall of the inlet chamber 42 is inclined at the rear and lower at the front. However, this makes the housing assembly 1 more susceptible to obstruction by underwater obstacles, hindering its forward movement.

[0088] In this invention, the housing assembly 1 is suspended from the top frame 4 of the frame 41 by the suspension rope 10. Therefore, when the housing assembly 1 is blocked by an obstacle while moving forward underwater, the front suspension reduction motor 3 and the rear suspension reduction motor 12 can be operated synchronously to lift the housing assembly 1 upward. After passing the obstacle, the housing assembly 1 can be lowered down, which improves the underwater passage capability of this invention.

[0089] The walking mechanism adopts a tracked walking mechanism, including a track support 5 connected to the frame 41. A track reduction motor 62 is installed at the rear end of the track support 5. A drive track wheel is installed on the output shaft of the track reduction motor 62. Several driven track wheels 2 are installed circumferentially on the track support 5. A track 6 is wound between the drive track wheel and the driven track wheel 2. Two sets of tracked walking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the housing assembly 1.

[0090] Tracked walking mechanisms are a conventional technology, but are adopted in this invention due to their strong underwater mobility. In this invention, each motor is powered by a cable extending to the shore, or by a battery mounted on the housing assembly 1.

[0091] The present invention also discloses a method of using the above-mentioned filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging, wherein the high-pressure water source is a high-pressure water pump, the water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump is connected to a water body (such as river water) and the position of the water inlet is more than 110 meters away from the housing assembly; a water inlet filter screen is provided on the water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump.

[0092] The reamer motor 46, filter motor 49, front suspension geared motor 3, rear suspension geared motor 12, track geared motor 62, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump are all connected to wireless transmission modules (such as Zigbee modules, Wi-Fi modules, 4G modules, or 5G modules). Each wireless transmission module is connected to an electrical control device (which can be a 51 microcontroller, PLC, or tablet computer, etc.) set up on the shore. The staff can remotely operate the reamer motor 46, filter motor 49, front suspension geared motor 3, rear suspension geared motor 12, track geared motor 62, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump through the electrical control device.

[0093] The underwater dredging filter suction mechanism is placed at the bottom of the water body (such as river water). The operator turns on the shovel motor 46, filter motor 49, track reduction motor 62, suction pump and high-pressure water pump through the electronic control device. The track reduction motor 62 drives the walking mechanism to move the housing assembly 1 forward at the bottom of the water. During the forward movement, the silt at the bottom of the water enters the filter chamber 43 from front to back through the silt inlet chamber 42. The filter motor 49 drives the central cylinder 48 to rotate each filter plate 8. When the filter plate 8 passes through the diameter change section 61 of the curved groove from top to bottom, the closed plate 9 is gradually compressed into the slide groove 59 by the curved groove. During this process, the spring is compressed and the filter holes 52 on the filter plate 8 gradually open. When the filter plate 8 passes through the constant diameter section 60 of the curved groove, the filter holes 52 on it are in the fully open state.

[0094] A high-pressure water pump supplies high-pressure water to the backflush nozzle 7 and the rearflush nozzle 58. The jet of water from the rear nozzle impacts the sludge, sewage, and impurities in the filter chamber 43 from front to back, driving the sludge, sewage, and impurities smaller than the filter holes 52 of the filter plate 8 backward through the filter plate 8 and into the reamer chamber 44. Impurities larger than the filter plate 8 are lifted upward by the upward rotation of the filter plate 8 and the baffle plate 51, and after leaving the filter chamber 43, they fall back into the water body (such as river water) in the left-right direction under the action of the jet of water from the backflush nozzle 7. (Because they fall back into the water body laterally, they will not re-enter the sludge inlet chamber 42.)

[0095] The reamer motor 46 drives the reamer 14 to rotate continuously, breaking up the sludge and impurities that enter the reamer chamber 44. Under the negative pressure of the suction pump, the muddy wastewater in the reamer chamber 44 is continuously pumped out and discharged to a predetermined location on the bank, achieving the dredging effect.

[0096] When the housing assembly 1 encounters an underwater obstacle, the staff will start the front suspension reduction motor 3 and the rear suspension reduction motor 12 through the electronic control device to lift the housing assembly 1. After the walking mechanism passes the obstacle, the front suspension reduction motor 3 and the rear suspension reduction motor 12 will be controlled by the electronic control device to rotate in the opposite direction and lower the housing assembly 1, so as to continue the dredging work in the forward movement.

[0097] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging, comprising a traveling mechanism, an upwardly connected frame frame, and a housing assembly connected to the frame, used for water dredging, characterized in that: The internal space of the housing assembly includes a sludge inlet chamber, a filter chamber, and a reamer chamber connected sequentially from front to back. The sludge inlet chamber has a sludge inlet at the front end, the filter chamber has a rotary filter mechanism, and the reamer motor is located on the outer wall of the reamer chamber. The shaft of the reamer motor extends into the reamer chamber and is connected to a reamer. The reamer is used to shred the impurities that pass through the rotary filter mechanism. The rear end of the reamer chamber is connected to a pump pipe, which is used to connect to a suction pump and pump out the muddy wastewater in the reamer chamber. The housing assembly is equipped with a backwashing device corresponding to the rotary filter mechanism to flush back large impurities blocked by the rotary filter mechanism into the water body. The rotary filtration mechanism includes a central cylinder and a filtration motor, with the axis of the central cylinder flush with the top of the filtration chamber. The shaft of the central cylinder extends in the left-right direction and is rotatably connected to the left and right walls of the filter chamber via bearings; the left or right wall of the filter chamber is connected to the filter motor outward, and the shaft of the filter motor is connected to the shaft of the central cylinder via a coupling; the central cylinder is connected with several filter plates with perforations in the radial direction, and the radial ends of the filter plates are bent to form folded plates to prevent debris from falling out of the filter plates radially; multiple sets of filter plates and their folded plates are evenly spaced around the central cylinder in the circumferential direction; multiple filter holes are evenly distributed on the filter plates; when the filter plates are below the central cylinder, their rotation direction is from back to front, and when the filter plates are above the central cylinder, their rotation direction is from front to back, and the two filter plates and the central cylinder between them form a through groove extending in the left-right direction.

2. The filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mudguard is rotatably connected to the top of the sludge inlet. The bottom wall of the sludge inlet chamber is inclined with the rear higher than the front. The bottom walls of the filter chamber and the cutter chamber are flush with the rear end of the bottom wall of the sludge inlet chamber.

3. The filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The backflush device includes a backflush bracket, which is disposed on the outer wall of the filter chamber on the opposite side of the filter motor; A row of vertically extending backflush pipes is connected to the backflush bracket, and the backflush pipes are evenly spaced in the front-to-back direction; each backflush pipe is connected to a high-pressure water source at the top, and each backflush pipe is connected to a backflush nozzle at the bottom. Each backflush nozzle is higher than the central cylinder, and the spray direction of each backflush nozzle is tilted downwards towards the bottom of the through groove and towards the filter motor in the left-to-right direction.

4. The filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging according to claim 3, characterized in that: Several backflush pipes are fixedly connected to the top wall of the housing assembly at the junction of the sludge inlet chamber and the filter chamber. Each backflush pipe is evenly spaced in the left-right direction and is connected to the high-pressure water source upwards. Each backflush pipe is connected to a backflush nozzle at its lower end. Each backflush nozzle is located at the top of the housing assembly and the spray direction of each backflush nozzle is inclined downwards and points to the bottom of the rear end of the filter chamber.

5. The filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter plate has openings on the left and right sides of the side surface away from the folding plate. A closed plate is slidably inserted between the left and right side sliding grooves. A spring is connected between the closed plate and the central cylinder. The spring is used to push the closed plate outward. Both the filter plate and the closed plate have filter holes and plate parts. When the spring pushes the closed plate outward radially, the plate part of the closed plate closes the filter holes of the filter plate. The inner surfaces of the left and right walls of the filter chamber are symmetrically provided with downward-facing curved grooves. The upper ends of the curved grooves are open, and the centers of the curved grooves are located on the axis of the central cylinder. The lower middle part of the curved groove has a constant diameter section with a radius of R1. The curved groove above the constant diameter section is a variable diameter section. The bottom radius of the variable diameter section is R1, and the radius of the top of the variable diameter section at the top opening of the curved groove is R2. R2 matches the distance between the outer end of the closed plate and the axis of the central cylinder when the closed plate is pushed to its limit position by the spring; R1 matches the distance between the outer end of the filter plate and the axis of the central cylinder; the radius of the variable diameter section decreases linearly from top to bottom. After the filter plate is rotated into the variable diameter section of the curved groove, the plate portion of the closed plate closes part of the filter through holes. After the filter plate is rotated into the equal-diameter section of the curved groove, the plate portion of the closed filter plate completely leaves the filter holes of the closed filter plate.

6. The filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frame has a top frame, and the front and rear ends of the top frame are respectively connected to a front suspension geared motor and a rear suspension geared motor. Suspension ropes are wound on the output shafts of the front suspension geared motor and the rear suspension geared motor. The suspension rope of the front suspension geared motor is connected downward to the top wall of the sludge inlet chamber, and the suspension rope of the rear suspension geared motor is connected downward to the top wall of the reamer chamber.

7. The filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging according to claim 6, characterized in that: The walking mechanism adopts a tracked walking mechanism, including a track support connected to the frame. A track reduction motor is installed at the rear end of the track support. A drive track wheel is installed on the output shaft of the track reduction motor. Several driven track wheels are installed circumferentially on the track support. A track is wound between the drive track wheel and the driven track wheel. Two sets of tracked walking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the housing assembly.

8. The method of using the filter suction mechanism for underwater dredging as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The high-pressure water source is a high-pressure water pump. The water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water body and the water body is located more than 10 meters away from the housing assembly. The water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump is equipped with an inlet filter screen. The reamer motor, filter motor, front suspension geared motor, rear suspension geared motor, track geared motor, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump are all connected to wireless transmission modules. Each wireless transmission module is connected to an electrical control device set up on the shore. Workers can remotely operate the reamer motor, filter motor, front suspension geared motor, rear suspension geared motor, track geared motor, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump through the electrical control device. The underwater dredging filter suction mechanism is placed on the bottom of the water. Workers activate the shovel motor, filter motor, track geared motor, suction pump, and high-pressure water pump via an electronic control device. The track geared motor drives the walking mechanism, propelling the housing assembly forward on the bottom of the water. During this forward movement, the silt on the bottom flows from front to back into the filter chamber through the silt inlet chamber. The filter motor drives the central cylinder, causing each filter plate to rotate. As the filter plate passes through the diameter-changing section of the curved groove from top to bottom, the closed-hole plate is gradually compressed into the sliding groove by the curved groove. During this process, the spring is compressed, and the filter holes on the filter plate gradually open. When the filter plate passes through the constant-diameter section of the curved groove, the filter holes on it are fully open. The high-pressure water pump supplies high-pressure water to the backflush nozzle and the rearflush nozzle. The water jet from the rear nozzle impacts the sludge, sewage and impurities in the filter chamber from front to back, driving the sludge, sewage and impurities smaller than the filter holes of the filter plate to pass backward through the filter plate and enter the reamer chamber. Impurities larger than the filter plate are lifted upward by the upward rotation of the filter plate and the baffle plate, and after leaving the filter chamber, they fall back into the water body in the left and right direction under the action of the water jet from the backflush nozzle. The reamer motor drives the reamer to rotate continuously, breaking up the sludge and impurities that enter the reamer chamber. Under the negative pressure of the suction pump, the muddy wastewater in the reamer chamber is continuously pumped out and discharged to a predetermined location on the bank, achieving the dredging effect. When the housing assembly encounters an underwater obstacle, the staff uses an electronic control device to start the front and rear suspension geared motors to lift the housing assembly. After the walking mechanism passes the obstacle, the front and rear suspension geared motors are controlled by the electronic control device to rotate in the opposite direction and lower the housing assembly, so that the dredging work can continue.

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