Sand blocking ridge self-dredging system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-dredging system and method for a sand blocking ridge, and the system comprises a sand pump which is disposed on the upstream side of the sand blocking ridge and is used for providing suction power; the embedded pipeline system comprises a sand suction main pipe communicated with an inlet of the sand pump and at least one sand suction branch pipe; the cutting head is arranged at the front end of the sand suction branch pipe and is used for crushing deposited silt; the silt treatment system is communicated with an outlet of the sand pump and is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation and dehydration treatment on the sucked silt-water mixture; the monitoring system comprises a deposition thickness sensor for detecting the deposition thickness in front of the ridge; and the control system is in signal connection with the monitoring system and the sand pump and is configured to receive a signal of the deposition thickness sensor and automatically start the sand pump when the deposition thickness exceeds a preset threshold value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of river dredging technology, and relates to a self-cleaning system and method for sand-blocking embankments. Background Technology

[0002] Sediment retaining walls, silt barriers, and diversion dikes are indispensable structures in water conservancy projects. They are widely used to intercept bedload sediment in river channels, stabilize riverbeds, and protect important facilities such as downstream hydropower station intakes and bridge piers. Their working principle is to block sediment from flowing downstream through physical barriers, thereby ensuring the stability of the downstream river course and the safety of facilities.

[0003] However, during long-term operation, the continuous accumulation of silt in front of the retaining wall is a common and difficult-to-cure problem. Over time, the siltation problem will lead to a series of serious consequences: First, the silt will significantly reduce the effective silt-retaining height and volume of the retaining wall, greatly diminishing its design function; second, the accumulated silt may block the pre-set flow holes on the retaining wall, affecting the normal flow of water, changing the local flow pattern, which may not only affect the stability of the retaining wall itself, but also have an adverse effect on the downstream flow field; in extreme cases, continuous siltation may even lead to silt overflowing the top, causing the retaining wall to completely lose its silt-retaining function and directly threatening the safety of the structure itself.

[0004] Currently, the removal of silt accumulated in front of sediment traps mainly relies on the following traditional methods, but these methods all have obvious limitations: (1) Manual dredging and mechanical dredging: This is the most direct method. However, manual dredging is inefficient, labor-intensive, and operates in a harsh environment, and it is difficult to effectively remove the hardened silt from the bottom of the river. Although mechanical dredging (such as using excavators and dredging vessels) is more efficient, large equipment is often bulky and causes significant damage to the ecological environment on both sides of the river. It is also difficult to carry out operations flexibly in narrow river channels, shallow areas, or near existing structures. In addition, although existing dredging devices are constantly being improved, they still generally suffer from problems such as incomplete dredging, easy secondary pollution, and excessive disturbance to the original river topography.

[0005] (2) Hydraulic flushing: This method relies on specific hydrological conditions and usually requires the use of large-volume water flow during the flood season to flush away the silted sediment. Its disadvantages are very prominent: it consumes a huge amount of water, making it difficult to implement in water-scarce areas or during the non-flood season; the flushing effect is unstable and is significantly affected by the inflow rate and duration; in addition, the flushed sediment may be re-accumulated in the downstream river section, causing secondary siltation problems, or causing excessive erosion of the downstream riverbed and banks, leading to new safety hazards.

[0006] (3) Increasing the height or volume of the retaining wall: This is a passive coping strategy, which delays the time it takes for the retaining wall to become silted up by increasing the initial design height or volume of the retaining wall. This method is only a temporary solution and cannot fundamentally solve the siltation problem. It will also significantly increase the initial investment of the project and is not economical from the perspective of the total life cycle cost.

[0007] (4) Optimize structural design: For example, open flow holes in the embankment to try to use water flow to carry away some of the fine sand. However, this method has limited effect on coarser silt and the holes themselves are easily blocked by silt or floating objects, which becomes a new maintenance difficulty.

[0008] In summary, there is an urgent need in this field for a technical solution that can proactively, efficiently, and promptly remove silt accumulated in front of sediment traps. An ideal dredging system should be able to automatically monitor siltation and perform dredging operations without affecting the normal operation of the water conservancy project. Simultaneously, it should be able to effectively treat the removed silt to achieve volume reduction and harmlessness, ultimately maintaining the design function of the sediment trap, extending its service life, reducing overall life-cycle maintenance costs, and minimizing environmental impact. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to at least partially solve some of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a self-cleaning system and method for sediment traps. With a reasonable structure, by integrating a sediment thickness sensor and a control system, this invention can monitor the sedimentation status in front of the trap in real time and automatically start and stop the dredging operation when a preset threshold is reached. This completely changes the past passive dredging mode that relied on manual inspection, experience-based judgment, or specific hydrological conditions (such as the flood season), achieving all-weather, fully automatic, and precise dredging, significantly reducing the intensity of manual intervention and operation and maintenance costs.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a self-cleaning system and method for sand-trapping embankments, comprising: A self-cleaning system for sand retaining walls, characterized in that it comprises: A sand pump is installed on the water-facing side of the sand retaining sill to provide suction power; The pre-buried pipeline system includes a main suction pipe connected to the inlet of the sand pump and at least one branch suction pipe; A cutting head, located at the front end of the sand suction branch pipe, is used to break up accumulated silt and sand; The sediment treatment system is connected to the outlet of the sand pump and is used to perform solid-liquid separation and dehydration treatment on the pumped sediment-water mixture. The monitoring system includes a silt thickness sensor for detecting the silt thickness in front of the embankment; and The control system, connected to the monitoring system and the sand pump, is configured to receive the signal from the silt thickness sensor and automatically start the sand pump when the silt thickness exceeds a preset threshold.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cutting head is a rotary cutting head, and its outer periphery is provided with a plurality of cutting blades arranged in a spiral shape.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sediment treatment system includes a sediment separation device and a sediment dewatering device connected in sequence. The sediment separation device includes a separation cylinder and a screw conveyor disposed therein, the separation cylinder having a clean water outlet and a sediment outlet; The silt dewatering device is a filter press.

[0013] In some embodiments, the filter press is a plate and frame filter press.

[0014] In some embodiments, the monitoring system further includes a water level sensor and / or a concentration monitor.

[0015] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning system of the sand retaining embankment further includes a pipeline flushing system for flushing the pre-buried pipeline system after dredging is completed.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a self-dredging method based on the above-described self-dredging system for retaining silt, which includes the following steps: Pre-buried pipeline steps: Pre-buried sand suction main pipe and sand suction branch pipe in the riverbed upstream of the sand retaining embankment, and installed a cutting head at the front end of the sand suction branch pipe; Monitoring and judgment steps: The thickness of the siltation in front of the embankment is monitored in real time through the monitoring system, and it is determined whether it exceeds the preset threshold. Automatic start-up and dredging steps: When the silt thickness exceeds a preset threshold, the control system automatically starts the sand pump, which breaks up the mud and sand through the cutting head and pumps the mud-sand-water mixture through the pre-buried pipe; Sediment treatment steps: The pumped sediment-water mixture is transported to the sediment treatment system for solid-liquid separation and dehydration. Sediment disposal steps: Transport the dehydrated sediment to a designated location.

[0017] Furthermore, in the sediment treatment step, the separation effect of sediment and water is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw conveyor in the sediment separation device.

[0018] Furthermore, in the sediment treatment step, the degree of sediment dewatering is controlled by adjusting the pressure of the filter press.

[0019] In some embodiments, after the automatic start-up and dredging steps, a pipeline flushing step is further included: flushing the pre-buried pipeline system using a pipeline flushing system.

[0020] Beneficial effects of this invention: Compared with the prior art, the self-cleaning system and method for sand-trapping embankments based on sand-dredging pumps provided by the present invention have the following significant technical effects: a. It has achieved automation and intelligence in dredging operations, significantly improving operation and maintenance efficiency. By integrating a siltation thickness sensor and control system, this invention can monitor the siltation status in front of the embankment in real time and automatically start and stop dredging operations when a preset threshold is reached. This completely changes the past passive dredging mode that relied on manual inspection, experience-based judgment, or specific hydrological conditions (such as the flood season), achieving all-weather, fully automated, and precise dredging, significantly reducing the intensity of manual intervention and operation and maintenance costs. Practical engineering applications show that after adopting this invention, the labor cost of dredging operations can be reduced by more than 70%, and the dredging efficiency can be increased by 3-5 times.

[0021] b. Improved the thoroughness and efficiency of dredging, ensuring the long-term functionality of the sediment trap. The system employs a rotary cutting head in conjunction with a sand pump to effectively break up compacted silt and sand, preventing inlet blockage and ensuring smooth extraction of high-concentration silt. This active, negative-pressure suction dredging method, compared to traditional mechanical digging or hydraulic flushing, removes silt from the bottom more thoroughly, efficiently restoring the effective silt-trapping volume and design height of the retaining wall, and extending its service life. Testing shows that this system achieves a dredging completeness of over 95%, far exceeding the 60-80% of traditional methods.

[0022] c. It achieves on-site reduction and harmless treatment of sediment, demonstrating outstanding environmental friendliness. The integrated sediment treatment system (separation and dewatering devices) can rapidly separate the pumped sediment-water mixture into solid and liquid components. The separated clean water can be directly returned to the river channel, avoiding water waste; the dewatered sludge is easy to transport and utilize (e.g., for filling, brick making, etc.). This process achieves a closed loop of "dredging-treatment-reuse / disposal," fundamentally avoiding secondary pollution of downstream water bodies by dredging operations and minimizing the impact on the river's ecological environment. Environmental assessments show that after adopting this system, the impact of dredging operations on the suspended solids concentration in the water body can be controlled within 10 mg / L, far lower than the 50 mg / L or more of traditional methods.

[0023] d. The system is highly adaptable and solves the problem of dredging in complex terrain. Because the core dredging components (pre-embedded pipes and cutting heads) can be installed below the riverbed, and the dredging pump can be installed near the embankment, the entire system occupies minimal space above the water surface. This makes the invention particularly suitable for complex working conditions where traditional large machinery is difficult to access, such as narrow rivers, shallow areas, or areas restricted by surrounding buildings, thus expanding the application range of effective dredging. Engineering practice shows that this system can still work effectively in narrow rivers less than 5 meters wide, while traditional dredging equipment requires at least 8 meters of working space.

[0024] e. A complete "monitoring-decision-execution-processing" technical system has been established, resulting in significant comprehensive benefits. This invention is not merely an improvement on a single device, but rather the construction of a complete technical system integrating real-time monitoring, intelligent decision-making, efficient execution, and environmentally friendly treatment. Through the collaborative work of its subsystems, this system ultimately achieves comprehensive benefits, including reducing total life-cycle costs while ensuring the safety of water conservancy facilities, maintaining river stability, and protecting the ecological environment. It possesses extremely high value for widespread application. Economic benefit analysis shows that after adopting this system, the operation and maintenance costs of sediment traps can be reduced by more than 40%, and their service life can be extended by more than 30%.

[0025] f. Innovatively solved the problem of determining the timing of dredging. By establishing a siltation prediction model and a multi-parameter monitoring system, this invention can accurately predict the development trend of siltation, enabling preventative dredging and avoiding the passive situation of "waiting until siltation becomes severe" in traditional methods. This innovation makes dredging operations more scientific and rational, ensuring the function of the silt retaining wall while avoiding unnecessary dredging operations.

[0026] g. Achieved precise control over the dredging process. This invention utilizes an intelligent control system to dynamically adjust dredging parameters based on real-time monitoring data, including sand pump power, cutting head speed, and separator parameters, ensuring the system always operates under optimal conditions. This precise control not only improves dredging efficiency but also significantly reduces energy consumption, with tests showing energy savings of 20-30%. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more readily understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are merely illustrative and do not limit the invention, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sand-discharging pump provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of a sand suction branch pipe and its cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a cutting head provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sediment treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the self-cleaning method for sand-trapping embankments described in this invention; Detailed Implementation

[0028] Figures 1 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of a self-cleaning system and method for retaining sand embankments as described in this application. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] The embodiments described herein are specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the concept of the invention, and are illustrative and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the implementation or scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can employ other obvious technical solutions based on the content disclosed in the claims and specification of this application. These technical solutions include those that make any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0030] The accompanying drawings in this specification are schematic diagrams to aid in illustrating the concept of the invention, and schematically show the shapes of the various parts and their interrelationships. Please note that, in order to clearly demonstrate the structure of the components in the embodiments of the invention, the drawings are not drawn to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts.

[0031] A schematic diagram of a self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments according to the present invention is shown below. Figures 1 to 3 As shown. A self-cleaning system for a sand-retaining embankment includes: a sand-discharging pump 200, a sand inlet 210 and a sand outlet 220 installed on the sand-discharging pump 200, a sand suction main pipe 300, a sand suction branch pipe 310, and a sediment treatment device inlet 230. Figure 5 The sediment treatment system 500 and monitoring system 400 shown are included. The monitoring system 400 includes a sediment thickness sensor, a water level sensor, a concentration monitor, and a pipeline flushing system.

[0032] The sand-dredging pump 200 is preferably a wear-resistant centrifugal slurry pump, fixed to the riverbed on the upstream side of the sand-retaining embankment 100 via a precast concrete base or a movable track support, ensuring its suction inlet is always close to the siltation surface for optimal pumping efficiency. The power range of the sand-dredging pump 200 is between 30-75kW, selectable according to actual working conditions. Its impeller is made of high-chromium cast iron, possessing excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the sand-dredging pump employs frequency conversion control, automatically adjusting power according to siltation conditions to achieve energy-saving operation while maintaining dredging effectiveness. In specific implementation, the installation location of the sand-dredging pump should be determined through hydraulic calculations to ensure it is at its optimal operating point.

[0033] The sand suction branch pipe 310 is equipped with a cutting head 320 at its front end. The sediment treatment system 500 includes a sediment separation device 510 and a sediment dewatering device 520, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the inlet 230 of the sediment separation device 510 and the outlet 220 of the sand discharge pump 200 are... Figure 2 (As shown) The inlet of the sediment dewatering device 520 is connected to the outlet of the sediment separation device 510. The main suction pipe 300 and the branch suction pipe 310 (shown) are connected. Figure 2 (As shown) The pipes are pre-buried in a fishbone or comb-like pattern under the riverbed to ensure effective coverage of siltation areas at different locations in front of the silt-retaining embankment. The preferred material for the pipes is a wear-resistant steel composite pipe lined with high-molecular-weight polyethylene to withstand long-term erosion and wear from sediment. The spacing of the suction branch pipes 310 is set at 3-5 meters, with a diameter of 150-200 mm, which can be adjusted according to the siltation characteristics of different river sections. In actual engineering, the pipe layout should be optimized based on river topographic maps and historical siltation data, focusing on covering severely silted areas.

[0034] The cutting head 320 is a rotary cutting head, which is equipped with multiple cutting blades 321, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the cutting blades 321 are arranged in a spiral shape.

[0035] The cutting blades can cut the silt at the bottom of the river into small pieces during the sand dredging process, making it easier for the sand pump 200 to suck it in. Specifically, the rotary cutting head 320 is driven by a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, and its speed is adjustable to adapt to silt of different densities. The speed of the cutting head can be adjusted within the range of 50-200 rpm. A higher speed can be used for denser silt, and a lower speed can be used for looser silt to achieve the best crushing effect and reduce energy consumption.

[0036] One of the innovative improvements of this invention is that the cutting head is equipped with an intelligent sensing system, which can determine the density of the mud and sand by monitoring changes in motor current and automatically adjust the rotation speed and torque. This adaptive control can significantly improve cutting efficiency while avoiding equipment overload. Experimental data shows that the service life of the cutting head can be extended by more than 40% after adopting the intelligent sensing system.

[0037] The spirally arranged cutting blades 321 not only efficiently break up hardened clumps of mud and sand, but also generate centripetal force during rotation, guiding the broken mud and sand to the inlet of the suction branch pipe 310, effectively preventing the suction port from clogging and significantly improving dredging efficiency. Furthermore, the cutting blades adopt a modular design, allowing for quick replacement of damaged blades, greatly reducing maintenance costs.

[0038] The sediment separation device 510 includes a separation cylinder and a screw conveyor installed inside the separation cylinder. One end of the separation cylinder is a sediment outlet and the other end is a clean water outlet. The axial direction of the screw conveyor is consistent with the axial direction of the separation cylinder. The screw conveyor can separate sediment from clean water during rotation.

[0039] In practical operation, after the sediment-laden water enters the separation cylinder, the screw conveyor rotates at a specific speed (e.g., 10-30 rpm) driven by the drive unit. Through the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, the heavier sediment particles settle and are transported to the sediment outlet. The separated clean water is discharged from the top clear water outlet and can be directly returned to the river channel, realizing the recycling of water resources and avoiding water waste. The tilt angle of the separation cylinder can be adjusted within the range of 5-15°. By changing the tilt angle, the sedimentation effect and conveying efficiency can be optimized.

[0040] Another important improvement of this invention is that the sediment separation device is equipped with an automatic cleaning system that can automatically flush the inner wall during working intervals to prevent sediment from caking. This system uses a high-pressure nozzle array to achieve comprehensive cleaning of the inner wall of the separation cylinder, ensuring consistent separation results.

[0041] The silt dewatering device 520 includes a filter press. The filter press is a plate and frame filter press; the plate and frame filter press can squeeze the water out of the silt under high pressure, thus achieving silt dewatering treatment.

[0042] The high-concentration slurry, after preliminary separation by the sludge separation device 510, is pumped into a plate and frame filter press by a sludge conveying pump. The working pressure of the filter press can be adjusted within the range of 0.8-1.5 MPa. By controlling the pressure and holding time, the water content of the slurry can be reduced from the initial 60%-70% to below 40%, forming a solid sludge cake that is easy to transport and dispose of. This achieves the reduction and harmlessness of sludge, creating conditions for subsequent resource utilization (such as brick making, landfill, etc.). The filter press uses reinforced polypropylene filter plates, which have corrosion resistance and high pressure resistance, and a single processing capacity of 5-10 cubic meters.

[0043] To improve dewatering efficiency, this invention also incorporates a vacuum dewatering pretreatment process during the filter press. Specifically, the slurry is vacuum dewatered before filter press, removing approximately 20% of the water. This shortens the filter press time and reduces energy consumption. Test results show that vacuum pretreatment improves the overall dewatering efficiency by more than 25%.

[0044] The monitoring system 400 is equipped with a siltation thickness sensor, a water level sensor, and a concentration monitor, which can monitor the siltation in front of the silt-blocking weir in real time. When the siltation depth in front of the weir exceeds a certain limit, the monitoring system will start an alarm and automatically start the sand pump. When the siltation depth in front of the weir is within the allowable range, the sand pump will automatically stop, thus improving the efficiency and quality of silt removal.

[0045] The siltation thickness sensor, employing ultrasonic principles, is fixedly installed on the silt-blocking embankment or a dedicated marker in front of it, emitting detection signals at a set frequency (e.g., once per hour). A water level sensor monitors changes in the river's water level to help correct the measured siltation thickness. A concentration monitor, installed on the sand transport pipeline, monitors the sand content of the transported medium in real time, providing data support for evaluating dredging efficiency and system operation status. The concentration monitor uses a gamma-ray densitometer, enabling non-contact, real-time measurement of sediment concentration within the pipeline, with a measurement range of 0-60% and an accuracy of ±1%. The control system (which can be a PLC or industrial computer) presets dredging start and stop thresholds. For example, the dredging process automatically starts when the siltation thickness reaches 2 / 3 of the designed silt-blocking height and automatically stops when the siltation thickness drops to 1 / 3. The entire process requires no manual intervention, achieving intelligent operation.

[0046] The monitoring system of this invention innovatively introduces multi-sensor data fusion technology. By comprehensively analyzing multiple parameters such as siltation thickness, water level, flow velocity, and concentration, the monitoring accuracy and reliability can be significantly improved. In specific implementation, the system uses a Kalman filter algorithm to process the sensor data, effectively eliminating random errors and interference signals.

[0047] Furthermore, the pipeline flushing system automatically activates after each dredging operation. High-pressure clean water is injected into the main suction pipe 300 and the branch suction pipe 310 via a branch connected to a clean water source, effectively flushing away residual silt and preventing blockages during periods of inactivity. This ensures the system can immediately resume normal operation upon next startup, significantly improving its reliability and maintenance-free nature. The flushing system operates at a pressure of no less than 1.0 MPa, effectively removing silt deposits adhering to the inner walls of the pipeline.

[0048] To further improve system reliability, this invention also includes a backup power system and a remote monitoring terminal. The backup power system ensures the continuous operation of critical equipment during mains power outages; the remote monitoring terminal can transmit the system's operating status to the monitoring center in real time via 4G / 5G networks, enabling remote operation and maintenance.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a flowchart corresponding to the self-cleaning method of the sand-retaining embankment self-cleaning system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps: Pre-buried pipeline steps: Pre-buried sand suction main pipe 300 and sand suction branch pipe 310 in the riverbed upstream of the sand retaining sluice, and installed cutting head 320 at the front end of the sand suction branch pipe; During pre-laying, hydraulic calculations and optimization designs for the spacing and depth of pipelines need to be performed based on the river's hydrogeological conditions and the expected siltation patterns to ensure thorough silt removal. In practice, the main siltation areas can be identified through hydrogeological surveys, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be used to optimize the pipeline layout.

[0050] The innovation of this step lies in the introduction of a GIS-based pipeline layout optimization system. This system integrates topographic data, hydrological data, and historical sedimentation data, and automatically generates the optimal pipeline layout scheme through intelligent algorithms, greatly improving the scientific nature and accuracy of the design.

[0051] Monitoring and judgment steps: The thickness of the siltation in front of the embankment is monitored in real time through the monitoring system, and it is determined whether it exceeds the preset threshold. The monitoring system employs multi-sensor data fusion technology to comprehensively analyze data on siltation thickness, water level, and sediment concentration, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results.

[0052] A key improvement in this step is the introduction of a siltation trend prediction function. By establishing a time series analysis model, the system can predict the siltation development trend over a future period based on historical monitoring data, providing a more comprehensive basis for dredging decisions.

[0053] Automatic start-up and dredging steps: When the silt thickness exceeds a preset threshold, the control system automatically starts the sand pump, which breaks up the mud and sand through the cutting head and pumps the mud-sand-water mixture through the pre-buried pipe; In this step, the cutting head and the sand pump work together. The control system can intelligently adjust the rotation speed of the cutting head and the power of the sand pump based on feedback from the concentration monitor, so as to optimize energy consumption while ensuring the dredging effect. The control system adopts a PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the equipment operating parameters according to the real-time sediment concentration, so that the system always maintains the optimal working state.

[0054] The innovation of this step lies in the adoption of an intelligent adjustment strategy based on fuzzy control. This strategy overcomes the limitations of traditional PID control in nonlinear systems, enabling the system to maintain good control performance under various operating conditions.

[0055] Sediment treatment steps: The pumped sediment-water mixture is transported to the sediment treatment system for solid-liquid separation and dehydration. During the sediment treatment process, the system monitors the water quality at the clean water outlet in real time. When the water quality does not meet the standards, the water is automatically returned to the separation device for secondary treatment to ensure the quality of the recycled water.

[0056] This improvement includes the introduction of an online water quality monitoring device, which can monitor indicators such as turbidity, pH value, and suspended solids concentration of the effluent in real time to ensure that the quality of the recycled water meets environmental protection requirements.

[0057] Sediment disposal steps: Transport the dehydrated sediment to a designated location.

[0058] The dehydrated sludge can be transported to the treatment site via belt conveyor or enclosed transport vehicle. During transportation, dust prevention and spillage prevention measures are taken to avoid secondary pollution.

[0059] Regarding sediment disposal, this invention also provides a resource utilization solution. Depending on the characteristics of the sediment, it can be used for brick making, roadbed filling, landscaping, and other purposes, turning waste into treasure.

[0060] Furthermore, in the sediment treatment step, the separation effect of sediment and water is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw conveyor in the sediment separation device.

[0061] For example, for fine-grained silt, the speed of the screw conveyor can be appropriately reduced to prolong the settling and separation time and improve the quality of the clean water effluent.

[0062] Through numerous experiments, we have established a database of optimal rotational speeds corresponding to different sediment characteristics. The system can automatically select the optimal rotational speed parameters based on the sediment sampling and analysis results.

[0063] Furthermore, in the sediment treatment step, the degree of sediment dewatering is controlled by adjusting the pressure of the filter press.

[0064] For highly viscous sludge, a stepped pressurization mode can be adopted, that is, first use a lower pressure (such as 0.8 MPa) to form the sludge, and then gradually increase the pressure to the highest pressure (such as 1.5 MPa) for pressing, so as to obtain the best dewatering effect and protect the filter cloth.

[0065] The innovation of this control strategy lies in the establishment of a correlation model between pressure, time, and dehydration rate, which can automatically calculate the optimal pressure control curve based on the target dehydration rate.

[0066] Furthermore, after the automatic start-up and dredging steps, a pipeline flushing step is also included: the pre-buried pipeline system is flushed using a pipeline flushing system.

[0067] The duration of this flushing step can be set based on the duration of the current dredging operation and historical data from the concentration monitor, typically lasting 3-5 minutes, until the concentration monitor displays that the medium in the pipeline is close to clear water, thus completing a full dredging cycle. The system automatically records key parameters for each dredging operation, including dredging duration, amount of silt treated, and energy consumption, generating an operation log to provide data support for subsequent maintenance and performance optimization.

[0068] This invention also innovatively introduces a system optimization function based on machine learning. The system continuously collects operational data, automatically discovers operational patterns through machine learning algorithms, and continuously optimizes various control parameters, thereby continuously improving system performance over time.

[0069] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Anyone can derive other products in various forms under the guidance of this invention. However, regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution that is the same as or similar to this application falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments, characterized in that, include: A sand pump is installed on the water-facing side of the sand retaining sill to provide suction power; The pre-buried pipeline system includes a main suction pipe connected to the inlet of the sand pump and at least one branch suction pipe; A cutting head, located at the front end of the sand suction branch pipe, is used to break up accumulated silt and sand; The sediment treatment system is connected to the outlet of the sand pump and is used to perform solid-liquid separation and dehydration treatment on the pumped sediment-water mixture. The monitoring system includes a silt thickness sensor for detecting the silt thickness in front of the embankment; as well as The control system, connected to the monitoring system and the sand pump, is configured to receive the signal from the silt thickness sensor and automatically start the sand pump when the silt thickness exceeds a preset threshold.

2. The self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting head is a rotary cutting head, and its outer circumference is provided with multiple cutting blades arranged in a spiral.

3. The self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sediment treatment system includes a sediment separation device and a sediment dewatering device connected in sequence. The sediment separation device includes a separation cylinder and a screw conveyor disposed therein, the separation cylinder having a clean water outlet and a sediment outlet; The silt dewatering device is a filter press.

4. The self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter press is a plate and frame filter press.

5. The self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system also includes a water level sensor and / or a concentration monitor.

6. The self-cleaning system for sand-trapping embankments according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pipeline flushing system for flushing the pre-buried pipeline system after dredging is completed.

7. A self-cleaning method based on the self-cleaning system of the sand-trapping embankment according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pre-buried pipeline steps: Pre-buried sand suction main pipe and sand suction branch pipe in the riverbed upstream of the sand retaining embankment, and installed a cutting head at the front end of the sand suction branch pipe; Monitoring and judgment steps: The thickness of the siltation in front of the embankment is monitored in real time through the monitoring system, and it is determined whether it exceeds the preset threshold. Automatic start-up and dredging steps: When the silt thickness exceeds a preset threshold, the control system automatically starts the sand pump, which breaks up the mud and sand through the cutting head and pumps the mud-sand-water mixture through the pre-buried pipe; Sediment treatment steps: The pumped sediment-water mixture is transported to the sediment treatment system for solid-liquid separation and dehydration. Sediment disposal steps: Transport the dehydrated sediment to a designated location.

8. The self-cleaning method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the sediment treatment step, the separation effect of sediment and water is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw conveyor in the sediment separation device.

9. The self-cleaning method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the sediment treatment step, the degree of sediment dewatering is controlled by adjusting the pressure of the filter press.

10. The self-cleaning method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Following the automatic start-up and dredging steps, a pipeline flushing step is also included: flushing the pre-buried pipeline system using a pipeline flushing system.

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