Seedling raising method of polygonatum cyrtonema suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou

Abstract

The application discloses a seed seedling method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou, which comprises fruit harvesting and treatment, seed picking, seed storage, preparation of seed soaking liquid, variable-temperature treatment, seedbed preparation, seed soaking and sowing operations. The method increases the operations of seed soaking liquid preparation, variable-temperature treatment and seed soaking on the basis of seed direct sowing, and although the steps are slightly more than the seed direct sowing mode in the prior art, the overall steps are simple and easy to popularize, the processing difficulty of other methods improved on the basis of seed direct sowing is avoided, the operation of high standard requirement is avoided, the processing process is more popular, the seed germination rate can be ensured, the seed processing operation is more simple, and the method is more suitable for popularization and application at the grassroots level.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Polygonatum sibiricum, and in particular to a seedling raising method for Polygonatum cyathopetalum suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou. BACKGROUND

[0002] Polygonatum sibiricum is a medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicine, and the rhizome is used as a medicine. It has a history of over 2,000 years of medicinal and edible use in China, and has the effects of tonifying Qi and nourishing Yin, invigorating the spleen, benefiting the kidney, and moistening the lungs. The market demand is huge, and the edible market share accounts for more than 70% and is increasing year by year. The origin of Polygonatum sibiricum is complex, and Polygonatum cyathopetalum is one of the legal sources of medicinal Polygonatum sibiricum in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, and is widely distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and the vast areas south of it. In the past few years, due to the increasing market demand, the price has been rising, leading to the exhaustion of wild resources, and it is urgent to develop artificial cultivation to make up for the shortage of market demand. However, artificial cultivation is slow due to the limitation of seedlings, and the planting cost is high.

[0003] Polygonatum cyathopetalum seedling raising includes division, tissue culture, and seed direct sowing. Seed direct sowing is the focus of current research and application due to its low cost and large scale, but seed propagation technology still has certain defects. The traditional seed propagation method is to sow the harvested fruits in situ, and the Polygonatum sibiricum seeds planted by this method need 8-10 months to germinate, with a long propagation cycle and low germination rate.

[0004] In order to reduce the germination time of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds, improvements are made on the basis of traditional seed propagation, including seed treatment with plant growth regulators, sand storage, floating disc seedling raising, and accelerating seed germination. For example, the patent application No. CN202011429989.X, entitled "Seed treatment method for accelerating seed germination of Polygonatum sibiricum", uses low-temperature strong magnetic field, variable-temperature germination, and constant-temperature hormone strong magnetic field to accelerate the germination of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds. According to the patent specification, the Polygonatum sibiricum seeds are treated by the operation steps, and the relevant data show that the above operation can accelerate the germination of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds and shorten the germination time.

[0005] For example, the patent application No. CN201910673609.8, entitled "Polygonatum cyathopetalum seedling raising method", uses a regulator to treat the seeds and different intensities of light to treat the seeds, in order to improve the disease resistance and germination rate of the seeds.

[0006] The improved seed breeding method of the existing record has the problem of difficult operation in promoting seed germination. In the process of treating the seed with plant growth regulator, in addition to paying attention to the proportion of growth regulation, soaking time and timely cleaning of the water on the surface of the seed, additional lighting equipment is also needed to ensure that the treatment process meets the requirements. In the sand storage treatment process, attention should be paid to temperature and humidity. Improper management will cause the seed to rot directly in the sand storage process. In the seedling raising process of floating tray, the substrate and seed involved need to be disinfected. The operation process is complicated and needs careful management. Otherwise, it will also affect the germination rate of the polygonatum. In the method of accelerating seed germination, although it can effectively shorten the seedling time and improve the seedling rate, the operation and management technology requirements are more detailed. Improper management will cause the seed to rot directly in the sand storage process. In order to shorten the seedling time of polygonatum, professional equipment needs to be purchased to provide magnetic field, long-time low-temperature environment and magnetic field assisted low-temperature environment. At the same time, attention should be paid to the operation steps such as hormone ratio and hormone treatment in the seed treatment process.

[0007] The seed direct sowing of the traditional method is easy to operate and promote, so it is the current research and development focus. Although the existing technology improves the germination rate of polygonatum seed and shortens the germination time of polygonatum seed, the above-mentioned operation is relatively complicated. If the polygonatum grower is an individual grower with low cultural level, the above-mentioned improved planting technology needs to purchase corresponding professional equipment or needs to have a detailed treatment process, so that the improved planting method recorded above is not easy to popularize in individual growers. In addition, polygonatum cyrtandrum has a wide distribution range, and the seed germination of polygonatum cyrtandrum in different regions has its own characteristics. The seedling technology of polygonatum cyrtandrum in low-altitude areas is not necessarily suitable in this region. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a polygonatum cyrtandrum seedling method suitable for the climate characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou, simplify the seedling technology, shorten the seedling time, improve the seedling rate, and be more suitable for popularization and application at the grassroots level. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a polygonatum cyrtandrum seedling method suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou, which reduces the difficulty of seed treatment, reduces the seed treatment steps, avoids high-standard operation, adopts a more popular treatment process, ensures the seed germination rate, and makes the seed treatment operation more simple, more suitable for popularization and application at the grassroots level.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a polygonatum cyrtandrum seedling method suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, fruit harvesting treatment: mature fruits are collected and fermented in September-October every year;

[0011] S2, soaking and picking seeds: the fermented fruits are soaked and rubbed to obtain the polygonatum sibiricum seeds and dry them;

[0012] S3, seed storage: the dried seeds are stored in a 4℃ environment;

[0013] S4, preparation of seed soaking liquid: in February-April of the next year, one month before sowing, the surface soil in the wild polygonatum cyathophorum habitat is dug out, the soil is fully stirred with water, then is left to stand and deposit, and the supernatant is taken to obtain the seed soaking liquid, which is ready for use;

[0014] S5, temperature change treatment: one month before sowing, the seeds are taken out from the cold storage environment, soaked in the supernatant of step S4 for 0.5-1h, and then subjected to temperature change treatment;

[0015] The temperature change treatment is as follows:

[0016] Firstly, the seeds are placed in an environment with changing temperature for 2-3 days, and the seed soaking liquid is sprayed at random times to keep the seeds moist, then the seeds are placed in a 4℃ environment for 8-10 days;

[0017] In this way, the seeds are ready for use after being subjected to repeated temperature change treatment for 3 times or more;

[0018] S6, seedbed preparation: the land is turned into a 90cm wide and 5cm high compartment, and a 4-6cm thick layer of humus is covered on the compartment;

[0019] S7, seed soaking: one day before sowing, the seeds treated in the above steps are soaked in the seed soaking liquid for 24 hours;

[0020] S8, sowing: the soaked seeds are slightly dried until they do not stick to each other, the seedbed is fully watered, the polygonatum sibiricum seeds are evenly sowed on the surface of the seedbed, a layer of pine needles is covered to keep the seeds moist, the seedbed is watered again, a canopy is made above the seedbed to keep warm, and a shading net is hung to shade the seedbed.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present application uses low-temperature cold storage to avoid the problem of seed rot caused by sand storage by timely harvesting and processing of polygonatum cyathophorum fruits; the seed soaking liquid is obtained by stirring soil and water, which avoids the problem that the seed soaking liquid is not easy to control in the prior art; the seed is subjected to temperature change treatment in combination with the local planting environment, which avoids the problem that the operation is difficult and popularization is not easy caused by magnetic field germination and regulator germination in the prior art.

[0023] The seed of the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua treated by the method has the seedling time shortened to 100-120 days from sowing to seedling in actual production, and the seedling rate is basically above 87%, and can reach 91% at most, which shows that the method can ensure the seedling rate and is more suitable for popularization and application in the grass-roots level.

[0024] Further, in step S1, the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua plant turns yellow from green in September-October every year, and the fruit stalks begin to turn yellow and dry, so the fruits are cut together with the fruit stalks, the collected fruits are stacked together, covered with a film, and then subjected to composting fermentation, and the film is opened at irregular intervals to turn over the fruit pile.

[0025] Further, in step S2, after the fermented fruits are fully soft and rotten, the fruits are repeatedly soaked and kneaded in water until the fruit flesh and peel are completely cleaned, and the seeds are taken out and dried in a cool and ventilated place.

[0026] Further, in step S3, the dried seeds are placed in a breathable bag and stored in a 4℃ refrigerator.

[0027] Further, in step S4, the weight ratio of the wild Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua original soil to water is 1:(4-5), the mixture is fully stirred and then left to stand for 0.5-1h, the supernatant is taken to obtain the soaking liquid.

[0028] Further, in step S5, one month before sowing, the seeds are taken out from the cold storage environment when the air temperature is greater than or equal to 15℃.

[0029] Further, in step S5, the seed temperature treatment is as follows:

[0030] The soaked seeds are placed outdoors for 2-3 days, and the soaking liquid is sprayed at irregular intervals to keep them moist, and then the seeds are placed in a 4℃ environment for 8 days, so that the seeds are repeatedly treated for 3 times or more after temperature change; or,

[0031] The soaked seeds are placed in a greenhouse for 2-3 days, and the soaking liquid is sprayed at irregular intervals to keep them moist, and then the seeds are placed in a 4℃ environment for 8 days, so that the seeds are repeatedly treated for 3 times or more after temperature change.

[0032] Further, in step S8, the sowing amount is 40-50g of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua seeds per square meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0034] The seed collection time is in September-October 2022, the seed planting time is completed in March-April 2023, and the planting site is in Guizhou

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] A seedling raising method suitable for multi-flower polygonatum sibiricum in high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou includes the following steps:

[0037] S1, fruit harvesting and processing: in the autumn when the seeds mature, when the multi-flower polygonatum sibiricum plant turns yellow and the fruit stalks begin to turn yellow and dry, the fruits are cut together with the fruit stalks, the collected fruits are stacked together, covered with a film, and then fermented by turning over the fruit pile at irregular intervals;

[0038] S2, seed soaking and picking: after the fermented fruits are fully soft and rotten (usually fermented for about 1 week), the fruits are repeatedly soaked and kneaded in water until the fruit flesh and peel are completely cleaned, the seeds are taken out, and placed in a cool and ventilated place to dry (the water content of the seeds is less than 14.5%);

[0039] S3, seed storage: the dried seeds are packed in breathable cloth bags or mesh bags and stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 4℃;

[0040] S4, preparation of seed soaking liquid: about a month before sowing in the spring of the next year (February-April), the surface soil in the wild multi-flower polygonatum sibiricum original habitat is dug, and the supernatant is obtained after the soil and water are fully stirred at a weight ratio of 1:5 and then stand for 0.5h, and the soaking liquid is prepared for standby;

[0041] S5, temperature variation treatment: in March of the next year, when the outdoor maximum temperature can reach 15℃ or above, the seeds are taken out from the refrigerator, soaked in the seed soaking liquid for 0.5h, and then subjected to temperature variation treatment;

[0042] The temperature variation treatment is as follows:

[0043] (1) the soaked seeds are placed in a room at room temperature for 2 days, and the seeds are sprayed with water at a frequency of 1 hour / time during the day, and the temperature during the day is 15-18℃ and the temperature at night is 6-8℃; then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for 8 days:

[0044] (2) the seeds in the refrigerator in (1) are taken out and placed in a room at room temperature for 3 days, and the seeds are sprayed with water at a frequency of 1 hour / time during the day, and the temperature during the day is 16-19℃ and the temperature at night is 6-9℃; then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for 8 days:

[0045] (3) Take out the seeds in the refrigerator in (2) and place them in a room at normal temperature for 2 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day, and the temperature during the day is 16-18℃ and the temperature at night is 7-9℃; then, continue to place the seeds in the refrigerator at 4℃ for 8 days to obtain the seeds with completed germination;

[0046] S6, seedbed making: the land is turned into a 90cm wide and 5cm high compartment, and a layer of humus soil about 4cm thick is covered on the compartment;

[0047] S7, seed soaking: the day before sowing, the seeds treated in step S5 are placed in the soaking liquid for 24 hours;

[0048] S8, sowing: the soaked seeds are slightly dried until they do not stick to each other, and the seedbed is fully watered, 40-50g of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua seeds per square meter are evenly sown on the surface of the seedbed, a layer of pine needles is covered for moisture retention, and the seedbed is watered again, a canopy is made above the seedbed for heat preservation, a shading net is hung for shading, and the growth of the seeds is observed.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0051] In step S5, the temperature variation treatment of the seeds after soaking is as follows:

[0052] The temperature variation treatment is as follows:

[0053] (1) Place the soaked seeds in a greenhouse (in a big shed) for 2 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day, and the temperature during the day is 16-20℃ and the temperature at night is 8-10℃; then, continue to place the seeds in the refrigerator at 4℃ for 8 days:

[0054] (2) Take out the seeds in the refrigerator in (1) and place them in a greenhouse (in a big shed) for 3 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day, and the temperature during the day is 16-20℃ and the temperature at night is 8-10℃; then, continue to place the seeds in the refrigerator at 4℃ for 8 days:

[0055] (3) Take out the seeds in the refrigerator in (2) and place them in a greenhouse (in a big shed) for 2 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day, and the temperature during the day is 16-20℃ and the temperature at night is 8-10℃; then, continue to place the seeds in the refrigerator at 4℃ for 8 days to obtain the seeds with completed germination.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0058] Step S4:

[0059] Seed soaking liquid preparation: In the second spring (February to April), about a month before sowing, the surface soil in the wild Polygonatum cyrtonema original habitat was dug out, and the weight ratio of soil to water was 1:4. After fully stirring, it was placed for 0.5h, and the supernatant was taken to obtain the soaking liquid, which was ready for use.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] The difference between this example and Example 1 is:

[0062] Step S4:

[0063] Seed soaking liquid preparation: In the second spring (February to April), about a month before sowing, the surface soil in the wild Polygonatum cyrtonema original habitat was dug out, and the weight ratio of soil to water was 1:4. After fully stirring, it was placed for 1h, and the supernatant was taken to obtain the soaking liquid, which was ready for use.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] The difference between this example and Example 1 is:

[0066] In step S5, temperature change treatment: In the second spring in March, when the outdoor maximum temperature can reach 15℃ or above, the seeds are taken out from the refrigerator, soaked in the seed soaking liquid for 1h, and then subjected to temperature change treatment;

[0067] The temperature change treatment is as follows:

[0068] (1) The soaked seeds are placed in a room at room temperature for 2 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day. The temperature during the day is 15-18℃, and the temperature at night is 6-8℃. Then, the seeds are placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for 10 days:

[0069] (2) The seeds in the refrigerator in (1) are taken out and placed in a room at room temperature for 3 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day. The temperature during the day is 16-19℃, and the temperature at night is 6-9℃. Then, the seeds are placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for 8 days:

[0070] (3) The seeds in the refrigerator in (2) are taken out and placed in a room at room temperature for 2 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day. The temperature during the day is 16-18℃, and the temperature at night is 7-9℃. Then, the seeds are placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for 9 days to obtain the germinated seeds.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] The difference between this example and Example 1 is:

[0073] In step S5, temperature variation treatment: in March of the second year, when the outdoor maximum temperature can reach 15°C or above, the seeds are taken out from the refrigerator, soaked in the soaking liquid for 50 min, and then subjected to temperature variation treatment;

[0074] Example 7

[0075] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0076] In step S5, the temperature variation treatment of the soaked seeds is as follows:

[0077] (1) The soaked seeds are placed in a room at normal temperature for 2 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day, with the temperature being 15-18°C during the day and 6-8°C at night. Then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4°C refrigerator for 8 days.

[0078] (2) The seeds in the refrigerator in (1) are taken out and placed in a room at normal temperature for 3 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day, with the temperature being 16-19°C during the day and 6-9°C at night. Then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4°C refrigerator for 8 days to obtain the germinated seeds.

[0079] Example 8

[0080] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0081] In step S5, the temperature variation treatment of the soaked seeds is as follows:

[0082] The temperature variation treatment is as follows:

[0083] (1) The soaked seeds are placed in a room at normal temperature for 2 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day, with the temperature being 15-18°C during the day and 6-8°C at night. Then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4°C refrigerator for 8 days.

[0084] (2) The seeds in the refrigerator in (1) are taken out and placed in a room at normal temperature for 3 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day, with the temperature being 16-19°C during the day and 6-9°C at night. Then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4°C refrigerator for 8 days.

[0085] (3) The seeds in the refrigerator in (2) are taken out and placed in a room at normal temperature for 2 days, and the seeds are sprayed every 1 hour during the day, with the temperature being 16-18°C during the day and 7-9°C at night. Then, the seeds are continuously placed in a 4°C refrigerator for 8 days.

[0086] (4) Take out the seeds in the refrigerator in (3) and place them in a room at normal temperature for 3 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day, with the temperature being 18-20°C during the day and 8-10°C at night. Then, continue to place the seeds in the refrigerator at 4°C for 8 days to obtain the seeds with completed germination;

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0089] In step S5, the seeds after soaking are subjected to temperature variation treatment,

[0090] The temperature variation treatment is as follows:

[0091] (1) Place the seeds after soaking in a thermostat for 2 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day. The temperature in the thermostat is controlled to be 15-20°C during the day and 5-10°C at night. After the temperature variation treatment in the thermostat, continue to place the seeds in a refrigerator at 4°C for 8 days:

[0092] (2) Take out the seeds in the refrigerator in (1) and place them in a thermostat for 2 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day. The temperature in the thermostat is controlled to be 15-20°C during the day and 5-10°C at night. After the temperature variation treatment in the thermostat, continue to place the seeds in a refrigerator at 4°C for 8 days:

[0093] (3) Take out the seeds in the refrigerator in (2) and place them in a thermostat for 2 days, and spray the seeds every 1 hour during the day. The temperature in the thermostat is controlled to be 15-20°C during the day and 5-10°C at night. After the temperature variation treatment in the thermostat, continue to place the seeds in a refrigerator at 4°C for 8 days to obtain the seeds with completed germination.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0096] In step S4, after the soil and water are mixed, the mixture is stirred by centrifugation for 0.5 h, and then filtered by 2 layers of filter paper for 3 times to obtain the soaking liquid.

[0097] Comparative Example 3

[0098] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0099] In step S5, in March of the second year in spring, when the highest outdoor temperature can reach 15°C or above, the seeds are taken out from the refrigerator, soaked in normal temperature water for 0.5 h, and then subjected to temperature variation treatment.

[0100] Comparative Example 4

[0101] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0102] In Step S5, in March of the second spring, when the maximum outdoor temperature reaches 15°C or higher, the seeds are taken out of the refrigerator, soaked in the soaking solution for 1.5 hours, and then subjected to temperature shift treatment.

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0105] In Step S5, in March of the second spring, when the maximum outdoor temperature reaches 15°C or higher, the seeds are taken out of the refrigerator, soaked in the soaking solution for 20 minutes, and then subjected to temperature shift treatment.

[0106] Comparative Example 6 (temperature shift treatment, soaking with a growth regulator equivalent to the soaking solution (naphthaleneacetic acid))

[0107] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0108] In Step S5, in March of the second spring, when the maximum outdoor temperature reaches 15°C or higher, the seeds are taken out of the refrigerator, soaked in naphthaleneacetic acid (30 mg / L) for 0.5 hours, and then subjected to temperature shift treatment.

[0109] Comparative Example 7 (temperature shift treatment, soaking with a growth regulator equivalent to the soaking solution (naphthaleneacetic acid) before sowing)

[0110] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0111] In Step S7, soaking: one day before sowing, the seeds treated in Step S5 are soaked in naphthaleneacetic acid solution (30 mg / L) for 24 hours.

[0112] Comparative Example 8

[0113] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0114] In Step S5, in March of the second spring, when the maximum outdoor temperature reaches 15°C or higher, the seeds are taken out of the refrigerator, soaked in naphthaleneacetic acid (30 mg / L) for 0.5 hours, and then subjected to temperature shift treatment.

[0115] In Step S7, soaking: one day before sowing, the seeds treated in Step S5 are soaked in naphthaleneacetic acid solution (30 mg / L) for 24 hours.

[0116] Comparative Example 9

[0117] The seeds are sown in the field using the conventional method of sowing seeds directly.

[0118] The germination of the seeds of Polygonatum cyrtonema planted in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-9 was counted, and the data in Table 1 were obtained.

[0119] Table 1: Comparison of seedling data of Polygonatum cyrtonema seedling using different seedling methods.

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] As can be seen from the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 in Table 1, after the seeds of Polygonatum cyrtonema are treated by temperature variation using the temperature control box, the germination rate and germination time of the seeds are less different from those of the seeds treated by outdoor temperature variation, and the germination time of the seeds treated by outdoor temperature variation is even earlier, which indicates that even if the seeds are treated by strict temperature control during temperature variation, the germination effect of the seeds is basically the same as that of the seeds treated by outdoor natural temperature variation; however, the outdoor temperature variation treatment does not require the purchase of professional equipment and management, and the outdoor temperature variation treatment is more cost-saving and more conducive to popularization.

[0123] As can be seen from the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 in Table 1, the improvement of the preparation method of the leaching liquid has little effect on the germination time and germination rate of the seeds, although the germination time of the seeds in Comparative Example 2 is earlier than that in Example 1, but the germination rates of the seeds in the two examples are basically the same, which indicates that the preparation method of the leaching liquid has a certain effect on the germination of the seeds, but the effect is not great, and therefore, the leaching liquid obtained by the simplest stirring and standing method can also play the role of "growth regulator" of the seeds, which simplifies the treatment process of the leaching liquid and is more conducive to popularization.

[0124] As can be seen from the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 in Table 1, the soaking of the seeds in ordinary water does not have an ideal effect on the promotion of the germination of the seeds, and Comparative Example 3 uses water to soak the seeds, which does not contain energy substances and cannot provide the energy required by the germination process of the seeds, and therefore, the germination time and germination rate of the seeds in Comparative Example 3 are lower than those in Example 1, and therefore, it is necessary to soak the seeds in "growth regulator" during temperature variation.

[0125] As can be seen from the data of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 in Table 1, during the temperature variation treatment, too long or too short soaking time of the seeds affects the germination time and germination rate of the seeds, and too short soaking time of the seeds during temperature variation treatment cannot ensure that the seeds have enough nutrients during germination, and therefore, the germination time is longer, and too long soaking time of the seeds causes the seeds to absorb too much water and rot, which affects the germination rate of the seeds.

[0126] From the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 6 in Table 1, it can be seen that the growth regulator, naphthalene acetic acid, commonly used in the art is used in Comparative Example 6 to soak the seeds during the temperature change treatment according to the instructions, but before sowing, the seeds are soaked with the soaking solution in the application. The data recorded in Table 1 show that the effect of naphthalene acetic acid used in combination with the soaking solution in Comparative Example 6 is not as good as the effect of the soaking solution used in combination with the soaking solution in Example 1, indicating that even if other growth regulators are used to treat the seeds, the germination of the seeds is not as good as the soil material of the original growth site of the plants.

[0127] From the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 7 in Table 1, it can be seen that the difference between Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 6 is that naphthalene acetic acid aqueous solution is used to soak the seeds, and naphthalene acetic acid is used as a growth regulator during seed germination, and its effect is not as good as the treatment effect of the soaking solution of the application, as can be seen from the emergence time and emergence rate, the soaking solution is more suitable for the germination and growth of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds.

[0128] From the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 8 in Table 1, it can be seen that after the seeds before sowing are soaked with naphthalene acetic acid aqueous solution, the emergence time and emergence rate of the seeds after sowing are also lower than the data in Example 1, indicating that no matter which stage the growth regulator in the prior art is used to soak the seeds, its effect is not as good as the treatment effect of the soil soaking solution on the seeds.

[0129] From the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 9 in Table 1, it can be seen that the germination time of the seeds directly buried for germination is too long, and the germination rate is low, indicating that after the seeds are treated by the method of the application, the emergence time of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds can be effectively shortened, and the emergence rate of Polygonatum sibiricum seeds can be improved.

[0130] From the data of Example 1 and Example 6 in Table 1, it can be seen that the difference between the two examples is that the soaking time of the soaking solution on the seeds during the temperature change treatment is different, and it is obvious that the treatment effect of the soaking time close to 30 min is slightly higher than the treatment effect of the soaking time greater than 30 min, indicating that the optimal soaking time of the seeds during the temperature change treatment is 0.5 h.

[0131] As can be seen from the data of Example 1, Example 7 and Example 8 in Table 1, the germination effect of the seeds is poor, and the seedling emergence time and the seedling emergence rate are relatively low when the seeds are subjected to the temperature variation treatment for less than three times (the method in Example 7); and the promotion effect of the seed germination is less increased when the seeds are subjected to the temperature variation treatment for four times (the method in Example 8) than when the seeds are subjected to the temperature variation treatment for three times (the method in Example 1), which indicates that the temperature variation treatment should be repeated for at least three times to ensure the effectiveness of the temperature variation treatment.

[0132] In conclusion, the present application can avoid the rot seed problem caused by sand storage by timely harvesting and processing the fruits of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, using low-temperature cold storage, can avoid the problem that the use of the seed soaking liquid in the prior art is not easy to control by using the soil and water stirring to obtain the seed soaking liquid, can avoid the problem that the operation is difficult and the popularization is not easy caused by the magnetic field germination and the regulator germination in the prior art by combining the local planting environment to perform the temperature variation treatment on the seeds. Moreover, the seedling emergence time of the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua seeds treated by the method is shortened to 100-120 days, the seedling emergence rate is basically above 85%, and the highest seedling emergence rate can reach 91%, which indicates that the method can ensure the seed germination rate and is more suitable for the popularization and application in the grass-roots units.

[0133] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments but can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. Thus, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the above description, and therefore all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. No reference signs in the claims should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A seedling raising method for Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou, characterized by comprising the following steps: It comprises the following steps: ​ S1, fruit harvesting treatment: in September-October every year, the ripe fruits are collected, piled and fermented; S2, soaking and seed picking: the fermented fruits are soaked and rubbed to obtain the seeds of polygonatum cyrtonema and dry them; S3, seed storage: the dried seeds are stored in a 4℃ environment; S4, preparation of seed soaking liquid: in February-April of the next year, one month before sowing, the surface soil of the wild polygonatum cyrtonema original habitat is dug and mixed with water, then it is left to stand and the supernatant is taken to obtain the seed soaking liquid; The weight ratio of the wild polygonatum cyrtonema original habitat soil to water is 1:(4-5), it is fully stirred and left to stand for 0.5-1h, then the supernatant is taken to obtain the seed soaking liquid; S5, temperature change treatment: one month before sowing, the seeds are taken out from the cold storage environment, soaked in the seed soaking liquid prepared in step S4 for 0.5-1h, and then subjected to temperature change treatment; The temperature change treatment is as follows: Firstly, it is placed in an environment with a daytime temperature of 16-20℃ and a nighttime temperature of 8-10℃ for 2-3 days, and the seed soaking liquid is sprayed at random times to keep it moist, then the seed is placed in a 4℃ environment for 8-10 days; In this way, the seed is used after being subjected to repeated temperature change treatment for 3 times or more; S6, seedbed preparation: the land is turned into a 90cm wide and 5cm high compartment, and a 4-6cm thick layer of humus is covered on the compartment; S7, seed soaking: the day before sowing, the treated seeds are soaked in the seed soaking liquid for 24h; S8, sowing: the soaked seeds are slightly dried until they are not sticky to each other, the seedbed is fully watered, the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds are evenly sown on the surface of the seedbed, a layer of pine needles is covered to keep it moist, the seedbed is again watered, a canopy is made above the seedbed to keep it warm, and a shading net is hung to shade it.

2. The seedling raising method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, in September-October every year, the polygonatum cyrtonema plants turn yellow, the fruit stalks begin to turn yellow and dry, the fruits are cut together with the fruit stalks, the collected fruits are piled together, covered with a film, and subjected to composting fermentation, and the film is opened at random times to turn over the fruit pile.

3. The seedling raising method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, after the fermented fruits are fully soft and rotten, the fruits are repeatedly soaked and rubbed in water until the fruit flesh and peel are completely cleaned, and the seeds are taken out and dried in a cool and ventilated place.

4. The seedling raising method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the dried seeds are placed in a breathable bag and stored in a 4℃ refrigerator.

5. The seedling raising method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, one month before sowing, when the air temperature is greater than or equal to 15℃, the seeds are taken out from the cold storage environment.

6. The seedling raising method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the seed temperature change treatment is as follows: The soaked seeds are placed outdoors for 2-3 days, the seed soaking liquid is sprayed at random times to keep it moist, then the seeds are placed in a 4℃ environment for 8 days, in this way, the seeds are used after being subjected to repeated temperature change treatment for 3 times or more; or, The soaked seeds are placed in a greenhouse for 2-3 days, the seed soaking liquid is sprayed at random times to keep it moist, then the seeds are placed in a 4℃ environment for 8 days, in this way, the seeds are used after being subjected to repeated temperature change treatment for 3 times or more.

7. The seedling raising method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua suitable for high-altitude mountainous areas in Guizhou according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, the sowing amount is 40-50g of polygonatum cyrtonema seeds per square meter.

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