A kind of external spindle loose tool detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of loose tool detection of numerical control machine tool, and discloses a kind of external spindle loose tool detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head.The detection mechanism includes: machine tool spindle loose tool mechanism and loose tool signal detection mechanism;Machine tool spindle loose tool mechanism includes loose tool oil cylinder, clamping tool action expansion mechanism, loose tool action expansion mechanism;Loose tool oil cylinder is installed outside milling head spindle box;Clamping tool action expansion mechanism is installed in the inside of loose tool oil cylinder, loose tool action expansion mechanism is installed in the inside of loose tool oil cylinder, and loose tool signal detection mechanism is installed on milling head fixed base or milling head rotary body;Loose tool signal detection mechanism is used to detect the action signal executed by loose tool mechanism and clamping tool mechanism respectively;The lower part of milling head fixed base is connected with milling head rotary body;Milling head spindle box is connected with milling head rotary body vertically or obliquely.The present application reduces the difficulty of maintenance and the cost of use is higher, and improves the working efficiency of rotary milling head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of CNC machine tool spindle clamping detection technology, and particularly relates to an external spindle clamping detection mechanism and method for a machine tool rotary milling head. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the rotary milling head spindle tool release mechanism lacks a tool clamping detection mechanism. The CNC system cannot sense the spindle's tool gripping status, leading to issues such as insecure tool clamping or improper tool positioning during tool changes, resulting in tool drop or damage during initial machining. The rotary milling head spindle tool release mechanism incorporates an integrated detection mechanism, which is mounted on the spindle tool release mechanism and rotates with the milling head. The tool clamping detection switch circuit rotates with the milling head. However, this structure has several drawbacks: because the circuit rotates within the rotating body, the rotating shaft cannot rotate continuously 360°, mostly limited to ±180 degrees or 0-360°. This significantly reduces the milling head's working efficiency. Furthermore, the wiring is subject to pulling and entanglement during rotation, causing wear or breakage, resulting in higher maintenance difficulty and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, the present invention discloses an external spindle chuck release detection mechanism and method for a machine tool rotary milling head.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows: an external spindle tool release detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head, the external spindle tool release detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head includes: a machine tool spindle tool release mechanism and a tool release signal detection mechanism.

[0005] The machine tool spindle tool release mechanism includes a tool release cylinder, a tool clamping action extension mechanism, and a tool release action extension mechanism;

[0006] The tool release cylinder is installed outside the milling head spindle box and is used to perform the tool release action;

[0007] The tool clamping action extension mechanism is installed inside the tool release cylinder and is used to extend the detection range for performing the tool clamping action;

[0008] The tool release action extension mechanism is installed inside the tool release cylinder and is used to extend the detection range for performing the tool release action;

[0009] The tool release signal detection mechanism is installed on the milling head fixed seat or the milling head rotating body. The tool release signal detection mechanism is used to detect the action signals of the tool release action extension mechanism and the tool release action extension mechanism linked by the movement of the tool release cylinder.

[0010] The lower part of the milling head fixing seat is connected to the milling head rotating body;

[0011] The milling head spindle box is vertically or obliquely connected to the milling head rotating body.

[0012] Furthermore, the knife release cylinder comprises a knife release piston and a cylinder sleeve;

[0013] The cylinder is fixed to one end of the milling head spindle box, and the tool release piston is located inside the cylinder and moves axially.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping action extension mechanism includes: a clamping push rod, a clamping positioning sleeve, and a clamping striker;

[0015] The clamping rod is located on one side of the release piston, and the clamping pin is built into the clamping positioning sleeve and slides in contact with the clamping rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the knife release action extension mechanism comprises a knife release push rod, a knife release strike pin, and a knife release positioning sleeve;

[0017] The release rod is located on one side of the release piston, and the release pin is built into the release positioning sleeve and slides in contact with the release rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the tool release signal detection mechanism comprises: a detection mechanism mounting base, a tool release signal adjustment rod, a tool release signal detection switch, a tool release signal detection ring, a tool release signal detection positioning sleeve, a tool release signal adjustment rod, a tool release signal detection switch, a tool release signal detection ring, and a tool release signal detection positioning sleeve.

[0019] The clamping signal adjusting rod, clamping signal detection switch, clamping signal detection ring, clamping signal detection positioning sleeve, release signal adjusting rod, release signal detection switch, release signal detection ring, and release signal detection positioning sleeve are all installed inside the detection mechanism mounting base;

[0020] The clamping signal adjusting rod slides in contact with the clamping pin, and the clamping signal detection switch is used to collect the movement signal of the clamping signal adjusting rod; the clamping signal detection ring makes hard contact with the tail of the clamping signal detection switch and detects the disengagement and contact signals of the clamping signal detection switch; the clamping signal detection positioning sleeve is fitted on the outside of the clamping signal adjusting rod.

[0021] The knife release signal adjusting rod slides in contact with the knife release pin; the knife release signal detection switch is used to collect the movement signal of the knife release signal adjusting rod; the knife release signal detection ring is rigidly contacted at the tail of the knife release signal detection switch to detect the opening and closing signals of the knife release signal detection switch; the knife release signal detection positioning sleeve is fitted on the outside of the knife release signal adjusting rod.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the loosening of an external spindle tool in a machine tool rotary milling head, comprising:

[0023] S1, When the machine tool spindle needs to change the tool, the milling head rotates from its actual working position under the command of the CNC system. The servo motor drives the milling head spindle box, the milling head rotating body and the tool release mechanism to rotate to the designated tool change position, which is fixed on the milling head fixed seat below the detection mechanism.

[0024] S2, the tool release piston presses down on the tool clamping mechanism of the spindle itself, and the tool clamping rod pushes the tool clamping pin to contact the signal adjustment rod through its own conical surface, which in turn drives the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjustment rod to move;

[0025] S3, the tool release piston continues to press down on the spindle tool clamping mechanism, the tapered surface of the tool release rod contacts the tool release pin, causing the tool release pin to move axially, the tool release pin hits the tool release signal adjusting rod, the tool release signal adjusting rod drives the tool release signal detection ring to move, the tool release signal detection ring approaches the tool release signal detection switch, at this time the tool release signal detection switch generates a signal;

[0026] S4, the machine tool spindle is changing tools;

[0027] S5, the knife release piston returns, the knife release push rod is sent to the piston in the opposite direction of the return stroke, the knife release signal adjustment rod and the knife release pin move in opposite directions under the action of spring force, and the knife release signal adjustment rod drives the knife release signal detection ring to move;

[0028] S6, the tool release piston continues to return, at which point the conical surface of the tool clamping rod moves up, the tool clamping signal adjusting rod and the tool clamping striker return under the action of spring force, the tool clamping signal adjusting rod disengages from the tool clamping striker, and the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjusting rod follows the tool clamping signal adjusting rod back.

[0029] In step S1, the servo motor drives the milling head rotary body and the tool release mechanism to rotate to the designated tool change position, which is below the detection mechanism fixed on the milling head mounting base. The tool release pin and the tool clamping pin of the tool release mechanism correspond to the position of the tool release and clamping signal detection mechanism.

[0030] In step S2, when the clamping signal detection ring on the clamping signal adjustment rod moves, the positional offset distance between the clamping signal detection ring and the clamping signal detection switch increases, and the clamping signal detection ring disengages from the clamping signal detection switch. At this time, the clamping signal detection switch signal is lost.

[0031] In step S3, after the tool release signal detection switch generates a signal, the CNC system confirms that the tool release action is in place through the signal generated by the tool release signal detection switch.

[0032] In step S5, as the knife release signal adjusting rod and the knife release pin move in opposite directions under the action of the spring force, the knife release signal adjusting rod drives the knife release signal detection ring to move. The positional offset distance between the knife release signal detection ring and the knife release signal detection switch increases, and the knife release signal detection ring disengages from the knife release signal detection switch. At this time, the signal of the knife release signal detection switch is disconnected.

[0033] In step S6, after the clamping signal detection ring on the clamping signal adjustment rod returns with the clamping signal adjustment rod, the position offset distance between the clamping signal detection ring and the clamping signal detection switch decreases, and the clamping signal detection ring approaches the clamping signal detection switch. At this time, the clamping signal detection switch generates a signal; the CNC system confirms the completion of the clamping action through the clamping detection switch signal.

[0034] Combining all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: The tool release signal detection mechanism and the spindle tool release mechanism of this invention are designed separately. The tool release mechanism is installed on the milling head spindle box, and the tool release signal detection mechanism is fixed on the fixed seat of the first-stage rotary mechanism or the fixed seat of the previous-stage rotary mechanism. The system senses the actual tool release state of the spindle through the tool release and tool release detection mechanisms. When the milling head rotates, the tool release signal detection mechanism disengages from the tool release mechanism of the milling head spindle box. When the machine tool automatically changes tools, the milling head spindle box rotates to a fixed tool change angle position, and the tool release pin and tool clamping pin of the tool release mechanism correspond to the position of the tool release signal detection mechanism. At this time, the spindle tool is changed. The front of the tool release detection switch is equipped with an elastic push rod to drive the detection ring to move, which effectively avoids the phenomenon of false alarms and damage to the detection quick switch caused by the exposed tool release detection switch during the cutting process due to cutting coolant and iron chips. The detection switch does not rotate with the rotary mechanism, effectively overcoming the problem that the spindle tool clamping mechanism lacks a tool release detection function. This prevents the system from sensing the spindle's tool gripping status, leading to issues like loose or incomplete tool clamping during tool changes, resulting in tool drop or damage during initial machining. Furthermore, existing integrated detection switches for spindle tool release mechanisms rotate with the milling head, causing the circuitry to rotate within the milling head's rotating body, preventing continuous rotation of the shaft and causing wear or breakage due to pulling and entanglement of the wiring. This design reduces maintenance difficulty and operating costs while improving the working efficiency of the rotary milling head. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram of an external spindle chuck release detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head in a single-axis rotary milling head mode, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a diagram of an external spindle chuck release detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head in a multi-axis rotary milling head mode, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the knife release action extension mechanism and the knife release signal detection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping action extension mechanism and the clamping signal detection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method for detecting the unclamped tool of an external spindle in a single-axis rotary milling head mode provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a state diagram of the tool release action extension mechanism and the tool release signal detection mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the spindle tool clamping state;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a state diagram of the tool release action extension mechanism and the tool release signal detection mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the spindle tool release state;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the clamping action extension mechanism and the clamping signal detection mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the spindle clamping state;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a state diagram of the tool clamping action extension mechanism and the tool clamping signal detection mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the spindle tool loosening state;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the knife release action extension mechanism and the knife clamping action extension mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention within the knife release cylinder;

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder for releasing the cutter; 101. Cylinder piston for releasing the cutter; 102. Cylinder body;

[0047] 2. Milling head spindle box;

[0048] 3. Tool release signal detection mechanism; 301. Detection mechanism mounting base; 302. Tool release signal adjustment rod; 303. Tool release signal detection switch; 304. Tool release signal detection ring; 305. Tool release signal detection positioning sleeve; 306. Tool release signal adjustment rod; 307. Tool release signal detection switch; 308. Tool release signal detection ring; 309. Tool release signal detection positioning sleeve;

[0049] 4. Milling head holder;

[0050] 5. Milling head rotating body;

[0051] 6. Clamping action extension mechanism; 601. Clamping push rod; 602. Clamping positioning sleeve; 603. Clamping firing pin;

[0052] 7. Release mechanism; 701. Release rod; 702. Release sleeve; 703. Release pin;

[0053] 8. Spindle clamping mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0055] Example 1, such as Figures 1-2 As shown in the figure, the external spindle tool release detection mechanism for a rotary milling head provided in this embodiment of the invention comprises two parts: a machine tool spindle tool release mechanism and a tool release signal detection mechanism;

[0056] The machine tool spindle tool release mechanism includes a tool release cylinder 1, a tool clamping action extension mechanism 6, and a tool release action extension mechanism 7;

[0057] The tool clamping action extension mechanism 6 is installed on one side of the tool release cylinder 1 and is used for linkage feedback to perform the tool clamping action;

[0058] The tool release action extension mechanism 7 is installed on one side of the tool release cylinder 1; it is used for linkage feedback to perform the tool release action.

[0059] The clamp release signal detection mechanism 3 is installed on the milling head fixing seat 4 or the milling head rotating body 5.

[0060] The tool release signal detection mechanism 3 is used to detect the action signals executed by the tool release cylinder 1 and the tool clamping action extension mechanism 6 respectively.

[0061] The lower part of the milling head fixing seat 4 is connected to the milling head rotating body 5 or the milling head spindle box 2;

[0062] The milling head spindle box 2 is directly connected to the milling head mounting base 4, thus forming a structure as follows: Figure 1 The machine tool rotary milling head shown in the single-axis rotary milling head mode uses an external spindle chuck release detection mechanism.

[0063] The milling head spindle box 2 is connected to the milling head rotating body 5, and the milling head rotating body 5 is connected to the milling head fixing seat 4, thus forming a structure as follows: Figure 2The machine tool rotary milling head mode shown has an external spindle chuck release detection mechanism for the rotary milling head.

[0064] The corresponding installation position is at the angle when the machine tool spindle is changing tools.

[0065] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the knife release cylinder 1 comprises a knife release piston 101 and a cylinder body 102;

[0066] The cylinder body 102 is fixed to one end of the milling head spindle box 2, and the tool release piston 101 is located inside the cylinder body 102.

[0067] The clamping action extension mechanism 6 includes: a clamping push rod 601, a clamping positioning sleeve 602, and a clamping striker 603.

[0068] The tool clamping rod 601 is fixed to one side of the tool release piston 101, the tool clamping pin 603 is built inside the tool clamping positioning sleeve 602 and slides in contact with the tool clamping rod 601; the main spindle tool clamping mechanism is located at the lower part of the tool release piston 101.

[0069] The knife release action extension mechanism 7 includes: a knife release push rod 701, a knife release positioning sleeve 702, and a knife release striker 703.

[0070] The knife release rod 701 is fixed to one side of the knife release piston 101, and the knife release pin 703 is built inside the knife release positioning sleeve 702 and slides in contact with the knife release rod 701.

[0071] The tool release signal detection mechanism 3 comprises: a detection mechanism mounting base 301, a tool release signal adjustment rod 302, a tool release signal detection switch 303, a tool release signal detection ring 304, a tool release signal detection positioning sleeve 305, a tool release signal adjustment rod 306, a tool release signal detection switch 307, a tool release signal detection ring 308, and a tool release signal detection positioning sleeve 309.

[0072] The clamping signal adjustment rod 302, clamping signal detection switch 303, clamping signal detection ring 304, clamping signal detection positioning sleeve 305, release signal adjustment rod 306, release signal detection switch 307, release signal detection ring 308, and release signal detection positioning sleeve 309 are all installed inside the detection mechanism mounting base 301.

[0073] The clamping signal adjusting rod 302 is in rigid contact with the clamping pin 603. The clamping signal detection switch 303 is used to collect the movement signal of the clamping signal adjusting rod 302. The clamping signal detection ring 304 is in rigid contact with the tail of the clamping signal detection switch 303 and detects the disengagement and contact signals of the clamping signal detection switch 303. The clamping signal detection positioning sleeve 305 is fitted onto the outside of the clamping signal adjusting rod 302.

[0074] The knife release signal adjusting rod 306 is in rigid contact with the knife release pin 104; the knife release signal detection switch 307 is used to collect the movement signal of the knife release signal adjusting rod 306; the knife release signal detection ring 308 is in rigid contact with the tail of the knife release signal detection switch 307 and is used to detect the contact and disengagement signals of the knife release signal detection switch 307; the knife release signal detection positioning sleeve 309 is fitted on the outside of the knife release signal adjusting rod 306.

[0075] Example 2, as Figure 5 As shown, the method for detecting the loosening of the external spindle tool in a machine tool rotary milling head provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0076] S1, When the machine tool spindle needs to change tools, the milling head, from its actual working position (the tool release part and the tool clamping part of the milling head will have a relative angular offset due to the working needs of the milling head), rotates under the command of the CNC system. The servo motor drives the milling head spindle box, the milling head rotating body and the tool release cylinder to rotate to the designated tool changing position, which is fixed below the detection mechanism on the milling head fixed seat. At this time, the tool release pin and the tool clamping pin of the tool release cylinder correspond to the position of the tool clamping signal detection mechanism.

[0077] S2, the tool release piston presses down on the spindle's own tool clamping action extension mechanism, the tool clamping push rod pushes the tool clamping pin to contact the signal adjustment rod through its own conical surface, causing the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjustment rod to move, the tool clamping signal detection ring and the tool clamping signal detection switch to have a larger positional offset distance, the tool clamping signal detection ring disengages from the tool clamping signal detection switch, at this time the tool clamping signal detection switch signal is lost.

[0078] S3, the tool release piston continues to press down on the spindle tool clamping mechanism. The tapered surface of the tool release rod contacts the tool release pin, causing the tool release pin to move axially. The tool release pin strikes the tool release signal adjusting rod, which drives the tool release signal detection ring to move. The tool release signal detection ring approaches the tool release signal detection switch, at which point the tool release signal detection switch generates a signal. The CNC system confirms that the tool release action is in place based on the signal generated by the tool release signal detection switch. Figures 6 to 7 As shown.

[0079] S4, the machine tool spindle performs a tool change.

[0080] S5, the knife release piston returns, the knife release push rod is sent to the piston in the reverse return stroke, the knife release signal adjusting rod and the knife release pin move in opposite directions under the action of spring force, the knife release signal adjusting rod drives the knife release signal detection ring to move, the position offset distance between the knife release signal detection ring and the knife release signal detection switch increases, the knife release signal detection ring disengages from the knife release signal detection switch, at this time the knife release signal detection switch signal is disconnected.

[0081] S6, the tool release piston continues its return stroke. At this time, the conical surface of the tool clamping rod moves upward, and the tool clamping signal adjusting rod and the tool clamping striker return under the action of the spring force. The tool clamping signal adjusting rod disengages from the tool clamping striker, and the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjusting rod follows the rod's return stroke. The positional offset distance between the tool clamping signal detection ring and the tool clamping signal detection switch decreases, and the tool clamping signal detection ring approaches the tool clamping signal detection switch. At this time, the tool clamping signal detection switch generates a signal. The CNC system confirms the completion of the tool clamping action through the tool clamping detection switch signal. Figures 8 to 10 As shown.

[0082] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the rotary milling head of the present invention is a main milling head or auxiliary milling head of a machine tool that enables the spindle to rotate at multiple machining angles and has one or more stages of rotation mechanism. The motion power source of the tool clamping action extension mechanism 6 is not limited to hydraulic pressure, gas pressure, and elastic force.

[0083] This invention proposes a method and process for detecting the release and positioning signal of the tool. The tool clamping action extension mechanism 6 of the rotary milling head is separated from its signal detection mechanism. The tool release and positioning signal detection mechanism is installed on the fixed base of the single-axis and multi-axis rotary mechanism. Under the control of the CNC system, the milling head can achieve continuous angular rotation without being affected by the entanglement of the detection signal line.

[0084] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0085] The information interaction and execution process between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of the present invention. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, and they will not be repeated here.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external spindle clamping tool detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head, characterized in that, include: Machine tool spindle tool release mechanism and tool release signal detection mechanism; The machine tool spindle tool release mechanism includes a tool release cylinder (1), a tool clamping action extension mechanism (6), and a tool release action extension mechanism (7). The tool release cylinder (1) is installed outside the milling head spindle box (2); it is used to perform the tool release action. The tool clamping action extension mechanism (6) is installed inside the tool release cylinder (1) and is used to perform the detection extension of the tool clamping action; The tool release action extension mechanism (7) is installed inside the tool release cylinder (1) and is used to perform the detection extension of the tool release action; The tool release signal detection mechanism (3) is installed on the milling head fixed seat (4) or the milling head rotating body (5); the tool release signal detection mechanism (3) is used to detect the action signals of the tool release action extension mechanism (6) and the tool release action extension mechanism (7) generated by the movement of the tool release cylinder (1); The lower part of the milling head fixing seat (4) is connected to the milling head rotating body (5). The milling head spindle box (2) is vertically or obliquely connected to the milling head rotating body (5); The milling head spindle clamping mechanism (8) is installed inside the spindle box (2); The release knife signal detection mechanism (3) comprises: a detection mechanism mounting base (301), a knife clamp signal adjustment rod (302), a knife clamp signal detection switch (303), a knife clamp signal detection ring (304), a knife clamp signal detection positioning sleeve (305), a release knife signal adjustment rod (306), a release knife signal detection switch (307), a release knife signal detection ring (308), and a release knife signal detection positioning sleeve (309); The clamping signal adjustment rod (302), clamping signal detection switch (303), clamping signal detection ring (304), clamping signal detection positioning sleeve (305), release signal adjustment rod (306), release signal detection switch (307), release signal detection ring (308), and release signal detection positioning sleeve (309) are all installed inside the detection mechanism mounting base (301); The clamping signal adjustment rod (302) is in hard contact with the clamping pin (603), and the clamping signal detection switch (303) is used to collect the movement signal of the clamping signal adjustment rod (302); the clamping signal detection ring (304) is in hard contact with the tail of the clamping signal detection switch (303) and detects the disengagement and contact signals of the clamping signal detection switch (303); the clamping signal detection positioning sleeve (305) is fitted on the outside of the clamping signal adjustment rod (302); The knife release signal adjusting rod (306) makes hard contact with the knife release striker (703); the knife release signal detection switch (307) is used to collect the movement signal of the knife release signal adjusting rod (306); the knife release signal detection ring (308) makes hard contact with the tail of the knife release signal detection switch (307) and is used to detect the contact and disengagement signals of the knife release signal detection switch (307); the knife release signal detection positioning sleeve (309) is fitted on the outside of the knife release signal adjusting rod (306).

2. The external spindle clamping tool detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The knife release cylinder (1) comprises a knife release piston (101) and a cylinder body (102); The cylinder (102) is fixed at one end of the milling head spindle box (2), and the tool release piston (101) is located inside the cylinder (102).

3. The external spindle clamping tool detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping action extension mechanism (6) includes: clamping push rod (601), clamping positioning sleeve (602), and clamping striker (603). The clamping rod (601) is located on one side of the release piston (101), and the clamping pin (603) is built inside the clamping positioning sleeve (602) and slides in contact with the clamping rod (601).

4. The external spindle clamping tool detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The knife release action extension mechanism (7) comprises a knife release push rod (701), a knife release strike pin (703), and a knife release positioning sleeve (702); The release rod (701) is located on one side of the release piston (101), and the release pin (703) is built inside the release positioning sleeve (702) and slides in contact with the release rod (701).

5. A method for detecting the loosening of an external spindle tool in a machine tool rotary milling head, characterized in that, The method of using the external spindle clamping detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head according to any one of claims 1-4 includes: S1, When the machine tool spindle needs to change the tool, the milling head rotates from its actual working position under the command of the CNC system. The servo motor drives the milling head spindle box, the milling head rotating body and the tool release mechanism to rotate to the designated tool change position, which is fixed on the milling head fixed seat below the detection mechanism. S2, the tool release piston presses down on the tool clamping mechanism of the spindle itself, and the tool clamping rod pushes the tool clamping pin to contact the signal adjustment rod through its own conical surface, which in turn drives the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjustment rod to move; S3, the tool release piston continues to press down on the spindle tool clamping mechanism, the tapered surface of the tool release rod contacts the tool release pin, causing the tool release pin to move axially, the tool release pin hits the tool release signal adjusting rod, the tool release signal adjusting rod drives the tool release signal detection ring to move, the tool release signal detection ring approaches the tool release signal detection switch, at this time the tool release signal detection switch generates a signal; S4, the machine tool spindle is changing tools; S5, the knife release piston returns, the knife release push rod is sent to the piston in the opposite direction of the return stroke, the knife release signal adjustment rod and the knife release pin move in opposite directions under the action of spring force, and the knife release signal adjustment rod drives the knife release signal detection ring to move; S6, the tool release piston continues to return, at which point the conical surface of the tool clamping rod moves up, the tool clamping signal adjusting rod and the tool clamping striker return under the action of spring force, the tool clamping signal adjusting rod disengages from the tool clamping striker, and the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjusting rod follows the tool clamping signal adjusting rod back.

6. The method for detecting the unclamped tool loosening of an external spindle for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the servo motor drives the milling head rotary body and the tool release mechanism to rotate to the designated tool change position, which is below the detection mechanism fixed on the milling head mounting base. The tool release pin and the tool clamping pin of the tool release mechanism correspond to the position of the tool release and clamping signal detection mechanism.

7. The method for detecting the loosening of the external spindle tool in a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, when the clamping signal detection ring on the clamping signal adjustment rod moves, the positional offset distance between the clamping signal detection ring and the clamping signal detection switch increases, and the clamping signal detection ring disengages from the clamping signal detection switch. At this time, the clamping signal detection switch signal is lost.

8. The method for detecting the loosening of the external spindle clamping tool for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the tool release signal detection switch generates a signal in step S3, the CNC system confirms that the tool release action is in place through the signal generated by the tool release signal detection switch.

9. The method for detecting the loosening of the external spindle clamping tool for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S5, as the release signal adjusting rod and the release pin move in opposite directions under the action of the spring force, the release signal adjusting rod drives the release signal detection ring to move. The positional offset distance between the release signal detection ring and the release signal detection switch increases, and the release signal detection ring disengages from the release signal detection switch. At this time, the release signal detection switch signal is disconnected.

10. The method for detecting the unclamped tool loosening of an external spindle for a machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the tool clamping signal detection ring on the tool clamping signal adjustment rod returns along with the tool clamping signal adjustment rod in step S6, the position offset distance between the tool clamping signal detection ring and the tool clamping signal detection switch decreases, and the tool clamping signal detection ring approaches the tool clamping signal detection switch. At this time, the tool clamping signal detection switch generates a signal; the CNC system confirms the completion of the tool clamping action through the tool clamping detection switch signal.

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