River hydrological surveying and monitoring methods

Abstract

The present invention discloses a river hydrological surveying and monitoring method, which specifically relates to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and specifically comprises the following steps: based on historical data, collecting hydrological information of areas prone to siltation, obtaining suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information of areas prone to siltation, and comprehensively analyzing to generate high-risk signals, medium-risk signals and low-risk signals; if high-risk signals appear in multiple areas prone to siltation, adjusting the strategy for handling siltation in areas prone to siltation based on comprehensive evaluation results of outliers of suspended sediment accumulation and outliers of suspended sediment abnormality duration in multiple areas prone to siltation; the present invention helps to more accurately warn professional staff of siltation in areas prone to siltation, and optimize the priority of maintenance and management work in multiple areas prone to siltation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and more specifically, to a river hydrological surveying and monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] At present, various hydrological monitoring equipment are used, such as water level meters, flow meters, suspended load sensors, etc., to monitor the hydrological data of rivers or waters in real time. The areas where siltation occurs in the river channel can be obtained by analyzing the hydrological information of the river channel. However, it is not easy to obtain the hidden dangers of siltation in the river channel. The existing technology cannot accurately and timely determine the degree of siltation in the river channel, resulting in professional staff being unable to obtain early warning signals in time or the early warning signals being unable to accurately reflect the situation of siltation. In addition, when faced with multiple siltation areas, it is not easy to determine the specific areas where siltation should be treated first.

[0003] In order to solve the above defects, a technical solution is now provided. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a river hydrological surveying and monitoring method to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Based on historical data, determine the areas where sedimentation has occurred in the past, and mark the areas where sedimentation has frequently occurred in the past as areas prone to sedimentation. Arrange hydrological monitoring equipment in the areas prone to sedimentation and collect hydrological information of the areas prone to sedimentation.

[0008] S2: Obtain suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information in areas prone to siltation, establish an early warning assessment coefficient, and compare the early warning assessment coefficient with the early warning assessment coefficient threshold to generate high risk signals, medium risk signals and low risk signals;

[0009] S3: If high-risk signals appear in multiple areas prone to siltation, the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormal duration information in the areas prone to siltation are obtained, and a comprehensive assessment is conducted on the multiple areas prone to siltation;

[0010] S4: According to the comprehensive evaluation results of the outliers of the accumulated suspended sediment and the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in multiple siltation-prone areas, the outlier evaluation coefficient is obtained, and the strategy for handling sediment deposition in siltation-prone areas is adjusted by comparing the outlier evaluation coefficients of multiple siltation-prone areas with the outlier evaluation coefficient;

[0011] According to the suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information in the area prone to siltation, the suspended sediment content floating coefficient, water flow stability coefficient and water level change fluctuation coefficient are obtained;

[0012] The suspended sediment content floating coefficient, water flow stability coefficient and water level change fluctuation coefficient are combined to generate the early warning assessment coefficient;

[0013] The suspended sediment content floating coefficient, water flow stability coefficient and early warning assessment coefficient are positively correlated, and the water level fluctuation coefficient is negatively correlated with the storage assessment coefficient.

[0014] The logic for obtaining the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content is:

[0015] Set the suspended sediment content warning threshold, obtain the real-time change of the suspended sediment content within a unit time T according to the suspended sediment content monitoring equipment, and mark the real-time change of the suspended sediment content as: C(t);

[0016] Calculate the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content using the following formula: Among them, ND bh is the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content within unit time T, [q, Q] is the time period when the suspended sediment content is higher than the suspended sediment content warning threshold;

[0017] The logic for obtaining the water flow stability coefficient is:

[0018] Obtain the velocity of water flow in a certain direction per unit time T, and record the velocity of water flow in a certain direction per unit time T as: SD n , where n=1, 2, 3...N, N is a positive integer, and n is the number of the water flow velocity monitoring result of the hydrological monitoring equipment each time;

[0019] Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the water flow velocity in a certain direction within the water flow unit time T, and mark the mean and standard deviation of the water flow velocity in a certain direction within the water flow unit time T as SD pj and SD bz ,in,

[0020] Calculate the water flow stability coefficient using the following formula:

[0021] The logic for obtaining the water level fluctuation coefficient is:

[0022] Water level data is collected in real time through hydrological monitoring equipment, and the collected water level data is preprocessed, including removing possible noise, outliers, smoothing data, etc., and the water level time series data is converted to the frequency domain using Fourier transform;

[0023] Calculate the water level fluctuation coefficient using the following formula: Among them, SW bh is the fluctuation coefficient of water level change within unit time T, A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum water level change within the water level cycle in the area prone to siltation, f is the frequency of the water level, t is the monitoring time point, θ is the phase angle, t1 to t2 represent the initial time and end time of unit time T, SW avg is the average water level in unit time T.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the early warning assessment coefficient is compared with the early warning assessment coefficient threshold to generate a high risk signal, a medium risk signal and a low risk signal, including:

[0025] The data analysis set is established by using several early warning evaluation coefficients generated in the prone siltation area, and the data analysis set is marked as: U, where U = {pg m}, m = 1, 2, 3...M, M is a positive integer, and m is the number of several early warning assessment coefficients of the prone siltation area;

[0026] Set the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold and mark the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold as: pg yz , compare the early warning evaluation coefficient in the data analysis set with the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold, and mark the early warning evaluation coefficient greater than the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold as: pg k , where k=1, 2, 3...K, K is a positive integer, and k is the number of the warning evaluation coefficient in the data analysis set that is greater than the warning evaluation coefficient threshold;

[0027] Calculate the risk assessment coefficient for areas prone to siltation. The formula for calculating the risk assessment coefficient is:

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, a high risk signal, a medium risk signal and a low risk signal are generated according to the risk assessment coefficient of the area prone to siltation, including:

[0029] Compare the risk assessment coefficient generated in the data analysis set with the set risk assessment coefficient threshold and risk assessment factor threshold In contrast, Less than

[0030] If FX is greater than A high risk signal is generated;

[0031] If FX is greater than And FX is less than A medium risk signal is generated;

[0032] If FX is less than A low risk signal is generated.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, obtaining the single-day suspended sediment accumulation information and the single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration information in the area prone to sediment deposition includes:

[0034] The outlier value of the daily suspended sediment accumulation in a single area prone to siltation is calculated using the following formula: in, is the average daily suspended sediment accumulation in the overall siltation-prone area, B jl is the standard deviation of daily suspended sediment accumulation in the overall siltation-prone area;

[0035] The outlier value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in a single area prone to siltation is calculated using the following formula: in, is the average value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in the overall siltation-prone area, B yc It is the standard deviation of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in the overall siltation-prone area.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, based on the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormality duration information in the areas prone to sedimentation, a comprehensive assessment is performed on multiple areas prone to sedimentation, including:

[0037] According to the single-day suspended sediment accumulation information and the single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration information in the area prone to sedimentation, the single-day suspended sediment accumulation outlier and the single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration outlier are obtained;

[0038] The outlier value of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and the outlier value of single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration are combined to generate the outlier evaluation coefficient;

[0039] The outliers of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration are positively correlated with the outlier assessment coefficient.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, according to the comparison between the outlier evaluation coefficients of multiple siltation-prone areas and the outlier evaluation coefficients, the strategy for handling siltation in siltation-prone areas is adjusted, including:

[0041] comparing the outlier assessment coefficient to the outlier assessment coefficient threshold;

[0042] If the outlier assessment coefficient is greater than the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, professional staff should give priority to maintenance and management work on the currently assessed prone siltation area;

[0043] If the outlier assessment coefficient is less than the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, professional staff should give priority to dealing with siltation in other areas prone to siltation, and then carry out maintenance and management work on the currently assessed area prone to siltation.

[0044] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0045] 1. The present invention obtains early warning signals of different levels in areas prone to siltation through comprehensive analysis of suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information in areas prone to siltation, which helps to more accurately warn professional staff of siltation in areas prone to siltation. Professional staff adjust the maintenance and management work of areas prone to siltation according to the early warning signals;

[0046] 2. The present invention combines overall analysis and individual analysis for multiple areas prone to siltation, comprehensively analyzes the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormality duration information in the areas prone to siltation, determines the priority of maintenance and management work in multiple areas prone to siltation, and helps to optimize the maintenance and management strategies of professional staff for areas prone to siltation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0048] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the river hydrological surveying and monitoring method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Figure 1 A flow chart of the river hydrological surveying and monitoring method of the present invention is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Based on historical data, determine the areas where sedimentation has occurred in the past, and mark the areas where sedimentation has frequently occurred in the past as areas prone to sedimentation. Arrange hydrological monitoring equipment in the areas prone to sedimentation and collect hydrological information of the areas prone to sedimentation.

[0053] S2: Obtain suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information in areas prone to siltation, establish an early warning assessment coefficient, and compare the early warning assessment coefficient with the early warning assessment coefficient threshold to generate high risk signals, medium risk signals and low risk signals;

[0054] S3: If high-risk signals appear in multiple areas prone to siltation, the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormal duration information in the areas prone to siltation are obtained, and a comprehensive assessment is conducted on the multiple areas prone to siltation;

[0055] S4: Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the outliers of the accumulated suspended sediment and the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in multiple siltation-prone areas, the outlier evaluation coefficient is obtained, and the strategy for dealing with siltation in siltation-prone areas is adjusted by comparing the outlier evaluation coefficients of multiple siltation-prone areas with the outlier evaluation coefficient.

[0056] Usually, sedimentation often occurs in the lower reaches of the river. By obtaining historical data of the river, the areas in the lower reaches of the river where sedimentation has occurred are identified, and the areas where sedimentation often occurred in the past are marked as areas prone to sedimentation.

[0057] It should be noted that, unless there are special circumstances, siltation is usually a relatively slow process and may take some time to occur. However, areas that have experienced siltation in the past may be more likely to experience siltation again in the future. This is because some areas may have relatively stable sedimentation conditions, which makes it easier for silt to deposit and accumulate in these places. Therefore, monitoring areas prone to siltation will help improve monitoring efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

[0058] Through the hydrological monitoring equipment in the area prone to siltation, the suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information are obtained. If the suspended sediment content is higher than the suspended sediment content warning threshold for a long time, the possibility of sedimentation may increase. If the suspended sediment content is lower than the suspended sediment content warning threshold for a long time, the time of sedimentation may be slowed down. However, sediment will gradually accumulate over time, so it may not necessarily directly reduce the possibility of sedimentation.

[0059] Suspended sediment content indicates the clarity of water quality, that is, the amount of sediment in the water. In places where sediment is easily deposited, sediment will gradually accumulate over time. When it reaches a certain level, it will cause a series of problems, such as increasing the risk of floods and affecting the local ecosystem.

[0060] Therefore, when the suspended sediment content is lower than the suspended sediment content warning threshold, it means that the sediment content of the water flow is at a normal level, and areas prone to siltation should be treated regularly. When the suspended sediment content is higher than the suspended sediment content warning threshold, it means that the sediment content of the water flow is higher than normal, and the rate of siltation in areas prone to siltation increases. Professionals should monitor riverbed changes in areas prone to siltation in a timely manner and clean up areas prone to siltation in advance.

[0061] The logic for obtaining the suspended sediment content floating coefficient is as follows: set the suspended sediment content warning threshold, obtain the real-time change of the suspended sediment content within a unit time T according to the suspended sediment content monitoring equipment, and mark the real-time change of the suspended sediment content as: C(t);

[0062] It should be noted that the suspended sediment content can be measured by placing suspended particle counters, turbidity sensors and other monitoring equipment at locations where siltation often occurs, so as to obtain the suspended sediment content at the placement location in real time.

[0063] Calculate the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content using the following formula: Among them, ND bh is the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content within unit time T, [q, Q] is the time period when the suspended sediment content is higher than the suspended sediment content warning threshold;

[0064] It can be seen from the formula that the greater the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content per unit time T at the location where siltation often occurs, the higher the hidden danger of siltation at the location where siltation often occurs; conversely, the lower the hidden danger of siltation at the location where siltation often occurs.

[0065] The instability of water flow may have an impact on silt deposition. Unstable water flow may cause rapid changes in flow velocity and direction, reducing the water body's ability to carry suspended matter. When the flow velocity changes drastically, the water body may not be able to continue to carry and transport silt, causing the silt to settle in the water body. Unstable water flow may cause drastic changes in the bottom of the river, including erosion and deposition of the riverbed. These changes may affect the water body's carrying capacity, and thus affect the silt deposition.

[0066] The logic for obtaining the water flow stability coefficient is: obtain the speed of the water flow in a certain direction within a unit time T, and record the speed of the water flow in a certain direction within a unit time T as: SD n , where n=1, 2, 3...N, N is a positive integer, and n is the number of the water flow velocity monitoring result of the hydrological monitoring equipment each time;

[0067] Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the water flow velocity in a certain direction within the water flow unit time T, and mark the mean and standard deviation of the water flow velocity in a certain direction within the water flow unit time T as SD pj and SDbz ,in,

[0068] From the standard deviation, we can know that the larger the standard deviation of water flow velocity in a certain direction in a siltation-prone area within a unit time T, the worse the stability of water flow in the siltation-prone area within a unit time T, and vice versa, the better the stability of water flow in the siltation-prone area within a unit time T.

[0069] Calculate the water flow stability coefficient using the following formula: Among them, SL wd is the water flow stability coefficient per unit time T;

[0070] It can be seen from the formula that the greater the water flow stability coefficient per unit time T at the location where siltation often occurs, the higher the hidden danger of siltation at the location where siltation often occurs; conversely, the lower the hidden danger of siltation at the location where siltation often occurs.

[0071] The change of water level has certain frequency characteristics, especially in rivers near the ocean or tidal areas. Tide is the main factor causing the periodic change of water level. The periodic change of water level may be related to human factors, meteorological factors, river topography factors, and the change of river water level may change according to the intensity of sunlight and the position of the sun, which is usually called diurnal change or diurnal periodic change.

[0072] When the water level is high, the silt is more likely to be suspended and less likely to accumulate. The rising water level can increase the flow capacity of the water body, making it easier for particles suspended in the water to be carried. When the water level is low, the flow capacity of the water body decreases, making it more likely for silt to accumulate in areas prone to siltation.

[0073] The logic of obtaining the water level fluctuation coefficient is as follows: collect water level data in real time through hydrological monitoring equipment, pre-process the collected water level data, including removing possible noise, outliers, smoothing data, etc., and converting the water level time series data into the frequency domain using Fourier transform;

[0074] Calculate the water level fluctuation coefficient using the following formula: Among them, SW bh is the fluctuation coefficient of water level change within unit time T, A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum water level change within the water level cycle in the area prone to siltation, f is the frequency of the water level, t is the monitoring time point, θ is the phase angle, t1 to t2 represent the initial time and end time of unit time T, SW avg is the average water level in unit time T;

[0075] It should be noted that changes in the phase angle can affect the shape of the wave and its position on the time axis, and thus affect the change in water level. Different phase angles may lead to changes in the direction of water flow and sediment movement. The phase angle determines the starting time of the sine wave on the time axis. Different phase angles correspond to different wave starting positions. Therefore, changes in the phase angle will affect the time when the water level changes.

[0076] It can be seen from the formula that the greater the fluctuation coefficient of water level change within unit time T at the location where siltation often occurs, the lower the hidden danger of siltation at the location where siltation often occurs; conversely, the higher the hidden danger of siltation at the location where siltation often occurs.

[0077] According to the suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information of the siltation-prone area, a data analysis model is established for the suspended sediment content floating coefficient, water flow stability coefficient and water level change fluctuation coefficient to generate an early warning evaluation coefficient. The calculation formula of the early warning evaluation coefficient is: Among them, pg is the early warning assessment coefficient of the prone siltation area within unit time T, α1, α2, α3 are the proportional coefficients of the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content, the water flow stability coefficient, and the water level change fluctuation coefficient, and α1, α2, α3 are greater than 0;

[0078] It can be seen from the formula that the larger the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content and the water flow stability coefficient and the smaller the water level change fluctuation coefficient, the larger the early warning assessment coefficient, which means that the area prone to siltation is more likely to accumulate sediment within unit time T, and abnormal sediment accumulation may occur; the smaller the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content and the water flow stability coefficient and the larger the water level change fluctuation coefficient, the smaller the early warning assessment coefficient, which means that the area prone to siltation is not likely to accumulate sediment within unit time T, and it is at a normal sediment accumulation level.

[0079] The data analysis set is established by using several early warning evaluation coefficients generated in the prone siltation area, and the data analysis set is marked as: U, where U = {pg m}, m = 1, 2, 3...M, M is a positive integer, and m is the number of several early warning assessment coefficients of the prone siltation area;

[0080] Set the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold and mark the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold as: pg yz , compare the early warning evaluation coefficient in the data analysis set with the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold, and mark the early warning evaluation coefficient greater than the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold as: pg k , where k=1, 2, 3...K, K is a positive integer, and k is the number of the warning evaluation coefficient in the data analysis set that is greater than the warning evaluation coefficient threshold;

[0081] Calculate the risk assessment coefficient for areas prone to siltation. The formula for calculating the risk assessment coefficient is: Among them, FX is the risk assessment factor for areas prone to siltation;

[0082] It can be seen from the formula that the larger the risk assessment coefficient generated in the data analysis set, the higher the hidden danger of siltation in the area prone to siltation, and vice versa, the lower the hidden danger of siltation in the area prone to siltation;

[0083] Compare the risk assessment coefficient generated in the data analysis set with the set risk assessment coefficient threshold and risk assessment factor threshold In contrast, Less than Generates the following situation:

[0084] If FX is greater than A high risk signal is generated;

[0085] If FX is greater than And FX is less than A medium risk signal is generated;

[0086] If FX is less than A low risk signal is generated.

[0087] This embodiment obtains early warning signals of different levels for areas prone to siltation through comprehensive analysis of suspended matter content information, water flow information and water level information in areas prone to siltation, which helps to more accurately warn professional staff of siltation in areas prone to siltation. Professional staff adjust maintenance and management work in areas prone to siltation based on the early warning signals.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] The above embodiment determines the areas where abnormal siltation may occur based on the suspended matter content information, water flow information and water level information in the areas prone to siltation through different levels of early warning signals. When high-risk signals appear in multiple areas prone to siltation at the same time, the priority of the areas prone to siltation is determined based on the outlier information of the suspended matter in each area prone to siltation.

[0090] It should be noted that changes in the topography of the river bottom, such as the formation of sandbars or the narrowing of waterways, may make multiple areas susceptible to siltation, and different river basins have different characteristics, and siltation may occur simultaneously in multiple locations within a river basin.

[0091] The daily suspended sediment accumulation and the abnormal duration of the daily suspended sediment in a single siltation-prone area are obtained through hydrological monitoring equipment, and the overall daily suspended sediment accumulation and the abnormal duration of the daily suspended sediment are obtained, and the daily suspended sediment accumulation is marked as Y, and the abnormal duration of the daily suspended sediment is marked as F;

[0092] It should be noted that the daily suspended sediment accumulation is the total amount of suspended sediment accumulated by hydrological monitoring equipment in a single area prone to siltation, and the single-day suspended sediment abnormality duration indicates the length of time when the suspended sediment content in the area prone to siltation exceeds the suspended sediment content warning threshold;

[0093] The outlier value of the daily suspended sediment accumulation in a single area prone to siltation is calculated using the following formula: Among them, JL i is the outlier value of the daily suspended sediment accumulation in a single area prone to siltation, i = 1, 2, 3...I, I is a positive integer, i is the number of the area prone to siltation, is the average daily suspended sediment accumulation in the overall siltation-prone area, and the calculation formula is: B jl is the standard deviation of the daily suspended sediment accumulation in the overall siltation-prone area, and the calculation formula is:

[0094] The outlier value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in a single area prone to siltation is calculated using the following formula: Among them, YC j It is the outlier value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in a single area prone to siltation. is the average value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in the overall siltation-prone area, and the calculation formula is: B yc is the standard deviation of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in the overall siltation-prone area, and the calculation formula is:

[0095] The outliers of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration in each siltation-prone area were obtained. The outliers of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration were normalized, and a data analysis model was established to generate the outlier evaluation coefficient. The calculation formula is: Among them, LQ i is the outlier evaluation coefficient for each siltation-prone area, β1 and β2 are the proportional coefficients of the outlier value of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and the outlier value of single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration, and β1 and β2 are greater than 0;

[0096] It can be seen from the formula that if the outlier values ​​of the daily suspended load accumulation and the outlier values ​​of the daily suspended load abnormal duration are larger, the outlier evaluation coefficient of the prone siltation area will be larger, indicating that the possibility of siltation in the prone siltation area is higher than that of other prone siltation areas as a whole; if the outlier values ​​of the daily suspended load accumulation and the outlier values ​​of the daily suspended load abnormal duration are smaller, the outlier evaluation coefficient of the prone siltation area will be smaller, indicating that the possibility of siltation in the prone siltation area is lower than that of other prone siltation areas as a whole.

[0097] Set the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, and compare the outlier assessment coefficient with the outlier assessment coefficient threshold. If the outlier assessment coefficient is greater than the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, it means that the currently assessed prone siltation area is more prone to siltation, and the urgency of maintenance and management work for the currently assessed prone siltation area is higher. Professional staff should give priority to maintenance and management work for the currently assessed prone siltation area. If the outlier assessment coefficient is less than the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, it means that the degree of siltation is lower than that of other prone siltation areas. Professional staff should give priority to dealing with siltation in other prone siltation areas, and then perform maintenance and management work on the currently assessed prone siltation area.

[0098] This embodiment combines overall analysis and individual analysis for multiple areas prone to siltation, comprehensively analyzes the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormality duration information in the areas prone to siltation, determines the priority of maintenance and management work in multiple areas prone to siltation, and helps optimize the maintenance and management strategies of professional staff for areas prone to siltation.

[0099] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0100] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0101] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0102] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0103] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0104] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0105] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A river hydrological surveying and monitoring method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Based on historical data, determine the areas where sedimentation has occurred in the past, and mark the areas where sedimentation has frequently occurred in the past as areas prone to sedimentation. Arrange hydrological monitoring equipment in the areas prone to sedimentation and collect hydrological information of the areas prone to sedimentation. S2: Obtain suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information in areas prone to siltation, establish an early warning assessment coefficient, and compare the early warning assessment coefficient with the early warning assessment coefficient threshold to generate high risk signals, medium risk signals and low risk signals; S3: If high-risk signals appear in multiple areas prone to siltation, the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormal duration information in the areas prone to siltation are obtained, and a comprehensive assessment is conducted on the multiple areas prone to siltation; S4: According to the comprehensive evaluation results of the outliers of the accumulated suspended sediment and the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in multiple siltation-prone areas, the outlier evaluation coefficient is obtained, and the strategy for handling sediment deposition in siltation-prone areas is adjusted by comparing the outlier evaluation coefficients of multiple siltation-prone areas with the outlier evaluation coefficient; Among them, according to the suspended sediment content information, water flow information and water level information in the area prone to siltation, the suspended sediment content floating coefficient, the water flow stability coefficient and the water level change fluctuation coefficient are obtained; The suspended sediment content floating coefficient, water flow stability coefficient and water level change fluctuation coefficient are combined to generate the early warning assessment coefficient; The suspended sediment content floating coefficient, water flow stability coefficient and early warning assessment coefficient are positively correlated, and the water level fluctuation coefficient is negatively correlated with the storage assessment coefficient. The logic for obtaining the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content is: Set the suspended sediment content warning threshold, obtain the real-time change of the suspended sediment content within a unit time T according to the suspended sediment content monitoring equipment, and mark the real-time change of the suspended sediment content as: C(t); Calculate the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content using the following formula: Among them, ND bh is the floating coefficient of suspended sediment content within unit time T, [q, Q] is the time period when the suspended sediment content is higher than the suspended sediment content warning threshold; The logic for obtaining the water flow stability coefficient is: Obtain the velocity of water flow in a certain direction per unit time T, and record the velocity of water flow in a certain direction per unit time T as: SD n , where n=1, 2, 3...N, N is a positive integer, and n is the number of the water flow velocity monitoring result of the hydrological monitoring equipment each time; Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the water flow velocity in a certain direction within the water flow unit time T, and mark the mean and standard deviation of the water flow velocity in a certain direction within the water flow unit time T as SD pj and SD bz ,in, Calculate the water flow stability coefficient using the following formula: The logic for obtaining the water level fluctuation coefficient is: Collect water level data in real time through hydrological monitoring equipment, pre-process the collected water level data, including removing possible noise, outliers, smoothing data, and converting water level time series data into frequency domain using Fourier transform; Calculate the water level fluctuation coefficient using the following formula: Among them, SW bh is the fluctuation coefficient of water level change within unit time T, A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum water level change within the water level cycle in the area prone to siltation, f is the frequency of the water level, t is the monitoring time point, θ is the phase angle, t1 to t2 represent the initial time and end time of unit time T, SW avg is the average water level in unit time T.

2. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The early warning assessment coefficient is compared with the early warning assessment coefficient threshold to generate high risk signals, medium risk signals and low risk signals, including: The data analysis set is established by using several early warning evaluation coefficients generated in the prone siltation area, and the data analysis set is marked as: U, where U = {pg m }, m = 1, 2, 3...M, M is a positive integer, and m is the number of several early warning assessment coefficients of the prone siltation area; Set the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold and mark the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold as: pg yz , compare the early warning evaluation coefficient in the data analysis set with the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold, and mark the early warning evaluation coefficient greater than the early warning evaluation coefficient threshold as: pg k , where k=1, 2, 3...K, K is a positive integer, and k is the number of the warning evaluation coefficient in the data analysis set that is greater than the warning evaluation coefficient threshold; Calculate the risk assessment coefficient for areas prone to siltation. The formula for calculating the risk assessment coefficient is:

3. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the risk assessment coefficient of the area prone to siltation, high risk signal, medium risk signal and low risk signal are generated, including: Compare the risk assessment coefficient generated in the data analysis set with the set risk assessment coefficient threshold and risk assessment factor threshold In contrast, Less than If FX is greater than A high risk signal is generated; If FX is greater than And FX is less than A medium risk signal is generated; If FX is less than A low risk signal is generated.

4. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Obtain information on daily suspended sediment accumulation and daily suspended sediment abnormality duration in areas prone to sedimentation, including: The outlier value of the daily suspended sediment accumulation in a single area prone to siltation is calculated using the following formula: in, is the average daily suspended sediment accumulation in the overall siltation-prone area, B jl is the standard deviation of daily suspended sediment accumulation in the overall siltation-prone area; The outlier value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in a single area prone to siltation is calculated using the following formula: in, is the average value of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in the overall siltation-prone area, B yc It is the standard deviation of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in a single day in the overall siltation-prone area.

5. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Based on the daily suspended sediment accumulation information and the daily suspended sediment abnormality duration information in areas prone to sedimentation, a comprehensive assessment is conducted on multiple areas prone to sedimentation, including: According to the single-day suspended sediment accumulation information and the single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration information in the area prone to sedimentation, the single-day suspended sediment accumulation outlier and the single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration outlier are obtained; The outlier value of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and the outlier value of single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration are combined to generate the outlier evaluation coefficient; The outliers of single-day suspended sediment accumulation and single-day suspended sediment abnormal duration are positively correlated with the outlier assessment coefficient.

6. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the comparison between the outlier evaluation coefficients of multiple siltation-prone areas and the outlier evaluation coefficients, the strategy for handling siltation in siltation-prone areas is adjusted, including: comparing the outlier assessment coefficient to the outlier assessment coefficient threshold; If the outlier assessment coefficient is greater than the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, professional staff should give priority to maintenance and management work on the currently assessed prone siltation area; If the outlier assessment coefficient is less than the outlier assessment coefficient threshold, professional staff should give priority to dealing with siltation in other areas prone to siltation, and then carry out maintenance and management work on the currently assessed area prone to siltation.

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