Containment vessel heat removal system

Abstract

The application relates to a nuclear power technology field, in particular to a containment vessel heat removal system which comprises a containment vessel, a pressure trigger assembly and an airbag assembly. The containment vessel has a safety cavity, a through hole communicating with the safety cavity is arranged on the containment vessel, and a pressure wall closing the through hole is arranged on the containment vessel. The pressure trigger assembly comprises a pressure cylinder, a movable rod and a wall breaking piece. The pressure cylinder is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the containment vessel, and the pressure cylinder has a pressure cavity. The movable rod is arranged on the pressure cylinder, and the movable rod has a normal pressure state and a high pressure state. In the high pressure state, the movable rod is movable relative to the pressure cylinder under the pressure action in the safety cavity. The wall breaking piece is arranged on the movable rod. The airbag assembly comprises an airbag which is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the containment vessel and communicates with the through hole. The containment vessel heat removal system can relieve the pressure in the safety cavity, reduce the temperature in the safety cavity, and prevent secondary accidents of the containment vessel and nuclear facilities in the containment vessel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power technology, and more specifically, to a containment heat dissipation system. Background Technology

[0002] The containment vessel is the last line of defense for containing radioactivity in a nuclear power plant. In the event of an overpressure and high-temperature accident in the containment vessel, a large amount of gas may be generated inside the containment vessel, causing the temperature and pressure of the containment vessel to rise, which poses a great risk to the integrity of the containment vessel and its radioactive material containment function.

[0003] In related technologies, how to efficiently alleviate the pressure on the containment vessel and reduce its temperature is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a heat dissipation system for a containment chamber that can alleviate pressure and reduce temperature within the containment chamber, preventing secondary accidents in the containment chamber and the nuclear facilities within it.

[0005] The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel of the present invention includes a containment vessel, a pressure triggering assembly, and an airbag assembly.

[0006] The containment vessel has a safety cavity, and the containment vessel is provided with a through hole communicating with the safety cavity. The containment vessel is also provided with a pressure wall that closes the through hole.

[0007] The pressure triggering assembly includes a pressure cylinder, a movable rod, and a wall-breaking component. The pressure cylinder is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel and has a pressure chamber. The pressure inside the pressure chamber is a first threshold. The movable rod is disposed on the pressure cylinder, with a portion of the movable rod located inside the pressure chamber and the other portion extending into the containment vessel. The movable rod has a normal pressure state and a high pressure state. In the high pressure state, the movable rod is movable relative to the pressure cylinder under the pressure inside the containment vessel. The wall-breaking component is disposed on the movable rod so that when the movable rod moves, it moves closer to the pressure wall and breaks the pressure wall to open the through hole.

[0008] The airbag assembly includes an airbag disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment shell and communicating with the through hole. When the through hole is open, gas in the containment chamber can be inflated into the airbag.

[0009] According to the heat dissipation system of the containment according to an embodiment of the present invention, when a nuclear facility within the containment malfunctions—that is, when the pressure and temperature within the containment continuously increase—the pressure triggering component can break the pressure wall on the containment, allowing gas from the containment chamber to fill the gasbag. In other words, the internal space of the gasbag effectively increases the space of the containment chamber, relieving pressure within the chamber and preventing overpressure, thus preventing secondary accidents to the containment and the nuclear facility within it. Simultaneously, the gasbag filled with high-temperature, high-pressure gas can exchange heat with the atmosphere, effectively increasing the effective heat exchange area between the containment and the atmosphere, accelerating the heat exchange efficiency, preventing overpressure within the containment chamber, and further preventing secondary accidents to the containment and the nuclear facility within it.

[0010] Optionally, the pressure triggering component further includes:

[0011] A pressure plate is disposed on the movable rod and located within the safety cavity. The thickness direction of the pressure plate is parallel to the moving direction of the movable rod. The pressure plate has a pressure front and a pressure back opposite to each other in its thickness direction.

[0012] A flexible sealing ring extends along the moving direction of the movable rod and is sleeved on the movable rod. The inner circumferential surface of the flexible sealing ring is spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the movable rod. The flexible sealing ring has a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface opposite to each other in its extending direction. The first connecting surface is connected to the pressure back surface, and the second connecting surface is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the containment vessel. An annular cavity is formed between the pressure back surface, the second connecting surface, and the inner circumferential surface of the containment vessel, and the annular cavity communicates with the pressure cavity.

[0013] Optionally, the pressure triggering component further includes:

[0014] An anti-reverse locking latch is provided on one of the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder and the movable rod;

[0015] An anti-backlash latch is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder and the other of the movable rod. The anti-backlash latch cooperates with the anti-backlash lock to prevent the movable rod from moving in the direction toward the safety cavity.

[0016] Optionally, the containment's heat dissipation system further includes a buffer element connected to the containment and arranged opposite to the through-hole to reduce the airflow velocity.

[0017] Optionally, the containment's heat dissipation system further includes a filter element connected to the containment, the filter element being arranged opposite to the through-hole to filter the gas injected into the airbag.

[0018] Optionally, the containment's heat dissipation system further includes a protection component, the protection component comprising:

[0019] A protective cover is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel, the protective cover having a protective cavity for accommodating the uninflated airbag;

[0020] A protective cover is disposed on the protective cover and is used to open and close the protective cavity.

[0021] Optionally, the protective component further includes a protective lock disposed on the pressure cylinder and connected between the protective cover and the protective cap. The protective lock is unlocked when the pressure within the pressure cylinder is greater than or equal to a second threshold, where the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; and / or

[0022] Under the high pressure condition, the movable rod contacts the protective lock to unlock it.

[0023] Optionally, the protective assembly further includes a rotating element connected between the protective cover and the protective cap, such that the protective cap is rotatably connected to the protective cover and can be opened and closed.

[0024] Optionally, the airbag assembly includes a rigid-flexible connector that connects the containment structure and the airbag.

[0025] Optionally, the airbag is elongated.

[0026] Optionally, there are multiple airbags, and the tail end of one of two adjacent airbags is connected to the head end of the other.

[0027] Optionally, multiple airbag components and multiple pressure triggering components are provided, and the airbag components and the pressure triggering components correspond one-to-one.

[0028] Optionally, the first threshold values ​​in at least two of the pressure chambers of the plurality of pressure triggering components are not the same.

[0029] Optionally, the airbag includes a radiation shielding layer and a fiber layer, with the fiber layer located outside the radiation shielding layer.

[0030] Optionally, the airbag further includes a wear-resistant layer located on the outside of the fiber layer. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2This is a partial schematic diagram of the heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the pressure triggering component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the airbag according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1000-Heat dissipation system, 100-Safety shell, 110-Safety chamber, 120-Through hole, 130-Pressure wall, 200-Pressure triggering component, 210-Pressure cylinder, 211-Pressure chamber, 220-Moving rod, 230-Wall breaking component, 240-Pressure plate, 250-Flexible sealing ring, 260-Anti-backlash tongue, 270-Anti-backlash lock, 300-Airbag assembly, 310-Airbag, 311-Radiation shielding layer, 312-Fiber layer, 313-Wear-resistant layer, 320-Rigid-flexible connector, 400-Buffer component, 500-Filter component, 600-Protective component, 610-Protective cover, 611-Protective chamber, 620-Protective cap, 630-Protective lock, 640-Rotating component. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] The heat dissipation system 1000 of the containment structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the heat dissipation system 1000 of the containment vessel in this embodiment of the invention includes a containment vessel 100, a pressure triggering component 200, and an airbag component 300.

[0039] The containment 100 has a safety cavity 110, a through hole 120 communicating with the safety cavity 110, and a pressure wall 130 that closes the through hole 120. The pressure triggering assembly 200 includes a pressure cylinder 210, a movable rod 220, and a wall-breaking component 230. The pressure cylinder 210 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment 100 and has a pressure chamber 211. The pressure in the pressure chamber 211 is a first threshold. The movable rod 220 is disposed on the pressure cylinder 210. A part of the movable rod 220 is located in the pressure chamber 211, and the other part of the movable rod 220 extends into the containment chamber 110. The movable rod 220 has a normal pressure state and a high pressure state. In the high pressure state, the movable rod 220 is movable relative to the pressure cylinder 210 under the pressure in the containment chamber 110. The wall-breaking component 230 is disposed on the movable rod 220 so that when the movable rod 220 moves, it will move closer to the pressure wall 130 and break the pressure wall 130 to open the through hole 120. The airbag assembly 300 includes an airbag 310, which is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment 100 and communicates with the through hole 120. When the through hole 120 is opened, gas inside the containment 100 can be inflated into the airbag 310.

[0040] According to the heat dissipation system 1000 of the containment vessel of the present invention, when a nuclear facility within the containment vessel 100 malfunctions, i.e., the pressure and temperature within the containment vessel 100 continuously increase, the pressure triggering component 200 can break the pressure wall 130 on the containment vessel 100, allowing gas from the containment chamber 110 to fill the gasbag 310. In other words, the internal space of the gasbag 310 effectively increases the space of the containment chamber 110, relieving pressure within the containment chamber 110, preventing overpressure, and preventing secondary accidents to the containment vessel 100 and the nuclear facility within it. Simultaneously, the gasbag 310, filled with high-temperature, high-pressure gas, can exchange heat with the atmosphere, effectively increasing the effective heat exchange area between the containment vessel 100 and the atmosphere, accelerating the heat exchange efficiency, preventing overpressure within the containment chamber 110, and preventing secondary accidents to the containment vessel 100 and the nuclear facility within it.

[0041] The following describes some specific examples of the heat dissipation system 1000 of the containment structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the heat dissipation system 1000 of the containment vessel in some specific examples of the present invention includes a containment vessel 100, a pressure triggering assembly 200, and an airbag assembly 300.

[0043] The containment vessel 100 has a safety chamber 110, and the containment vessel 100 has a through-hole 120 communicating with the safety chamber 110. The containment vessel 100 also has a pressure wall 130 that closes the through-hole 120. During normal operation of the nuclear facility within the safety chamber 110, the pressure wall 130 can close the through-hole 120, ensuring that the safety chamber 110 of the containment vessel 100 is an independent space. Furthermore, when pressure fluctuations occur within the safety chamber 110 but the pressure remains within the safe pressure range, the pressure wall 130 can withstand these pressure fluctuations, preventing the gasbag 310 from being accidentally inflated and causing unnecessary waste of gas. That is, when pressure fluctuations occur within the safety chamber 110, the gasbag 310 will not be activated.

[0044] The pressure triggering assembly 200 includes a pressure cylinder 210, a movable rod 220, and a wall-breaking component 230. The pressure cylinder 210 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel 100 and has a pressure chamber 211. The pressure in the pressure chamber 211 is a first threshold value. The first threshold value can be set as a pressure warning value (the pressure of the first threshold value is greater than the pressure in the containment vessel 110). When the pressure in the containment vessel 110 fluctuates, as long as the pressure in the containment vessel 110 is less than the first threshold value, the triggering condition of the pressure triggering assembly 200 is not met, and the airbag 310 will not be activated.

[0045] A movable rod 220 is mounted on the pressure cylinder 210. A portion of the movable rod 220 is located within the pressure chamber 211, while the other portion extends into the safety chamber 110. The movable rod 220 has both atmospheric pressure and high pressure states. The atmospheric pressure state can be understood as follows: the pressure within the safety chamber 110 is less than a first threshold, and the nuclear facility within the containment 100 is in normal operating condition. The high pressure state can be understood as follows: the pressure within the safety chamber 110 is greater than the first threshold, and an accident may occur within the nuclear facility within the containment 100.

[0046] Under high pressure, the movable rod 220 is movable relative to the pressure cylinder 210 under the pressure in the safety chamber 110, that is, under the pressure in the safety chamber 110, the movable rod 220 can be pushed into the pressure cylinder 210.

[0047] The wall-breaking component 230 is mounted on the movable rod 220. When the movable rod 220 moves, it moves the component closer to and breaks the pressure wall 130, opening the through hole 120. Specifically, under the pressure within the safety chamber 110, the movable rod 220 can be pushed into the pressure cylinder 210. Simultaneously, the movable rod 220 moves the wall-breaking component 230, which breaks the pressure wall 130, opening the through hole 120 and connecting the safety chamber 110 to the gasbag 310. This ensures that the high-pressure, high-temperature gas within the safety chamber 110 can fill the gasbag 310, alleviating or reducing the pressure and temperature within the safety chamber 110. This prevents the pressure and temperature from continuously increasing within the safety chamber 110, thus avoiding secondary accidents in the containment vessel 100 and the nuclear facilities within it. The wall-breaking component 230 may have a spiked structure, which facilitates the breaking of the pressure wall 130.

[0048] The airbag assembly 300 includes an airbag 310, which is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment 100 and communicates with the through-hole 120. When the through-hole 120 is open, gas in the containment cavity 110 can be inflated into the airbag 310. The airbag 310 can alleviate or reduce the pressure and temperature inside the containment cavity 110. That is, the airbag 310 effectively increases the space of the containment cavity 110 of the containment 100, and effectively increases the effective heat exchange area between the containment 100 and the atmosphere.

[0049] In summary, the heat dissipation system 1000 of the containment in this embodiment of the invention can increase the space of the containment cavity 110 and the effective heat exchange area with the containment 100 by using the airbag 310, thereby relieving the pressure in the containment cavity 110 and dissipating the heat in the containment cavity 110, thereby reducing the temperature in the containment cavity.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the pressure triggering assembly 200 also includes a pressure plate 240 and a flexible sealing ring 250. The pressure plate 240 is disposed on the movable rod 220 and located within the safety chamber 110. The thickness direction of the pressure plate 240 is parallel to the moving direction of the movable rod 220. The pressure plate 240 has a pressure front and a pressure back opposite to each other in its thickness direction. The flexible sealing ring 250 extends along the moving direction of the movable rod 220 and is sleeved on the movable rod 220. The inner circumferential surface of the flexible sealing ring 250 is spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the movable rod 220. The flexible sealing ring 250 has a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface opposite to each other in its extending direction. The first connecting surface is connected to the pressure back, and the second connecting surface is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the safety chamber 100. An annular cavity 251 is formed between the pressure back, the second connecting surface, and the inner circumferential surface of the safety chamber. The annular cavity 251 communicates with the pressure chamber 211.

[0051] Specifically, when the pressure inside the containment 100 exceeds a first threshold, the pressure on the front side of the pressure plate 240 is greater than the pressure on the back side, thereby pushing the pressure plate 240 to move, and simultaneously moving the movable rod 220. Furthermore, the larger the area of ​​the pressure plate 240, the more pronounced the pressure push on it, allowing the pressure inside the containment 100 to quickly push the pressure plate 240 and the movable rod 220, thus rapidly triggering the pressure triggering assembly 200 and activating the airbag 310. In other words, by utilizing the pressure plate 240 and the flexible sealing ring 250, the pressure triggering assembly 200 can be triggered more easily, thereby activating the airbag 310.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the pressure triggering assembly 200 also includes an anti-reverse latch 270 and an anti-reverse tongue 260. The anti-reverse latch 270 is disposed on one of the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder 210 and the movable rod 220. The anti-reverse tongue 260 is disposed on the other of the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder 210 and the movable rod 220, and the anti-reverse tongue 260 cooperates with the anti-reverse latch 270 to prevent the movable rod 220 from moving in the direction toward the safety cavity 110.

[0053] Specifically, taking the anti-reverse latch 270 being disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder 210 and on the movable rod 220 of the anti-reverse tongue 260 as an example, under normal circumstances, when the first threshold is greater than the pressure inside the containment 100, the anti-reverse tongue 260 and the anti-reverse latch 270 cooperate to prevent the movable rod 220 from moving in the direction toward the safety chamber 110, thus preventing the movable rod 220 from being pushed out of the pressure cylinder 210.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the containment's heat dissipation system 1000 also includes a buffer 400, which is connected to the containment 100. The buffer 400 is arranged opposite to the through-hole 120 to slow down the airflow velocity. Specifically, the buffer 400 can be installed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment 100. As gas inside the containment 100 continuously fills the airbag 310, the buffer 400 can slow down the high-temperature, high-pressure gas flowing out of the through-hole 120, preventing the gas flow velocity into the airbag 310 from being too fast and avoiding damage to the airbag 310 from high-speed airflow. At the same time, the buffer 400 can also be installed on the inner peripheral surface of the containment 100. The buffer 400 can slow down the high-temperature, high-pressure gas flowing into the through-hole 120, preventing the gas flow velocity into the airbag 310 from being too fast and avoiding damage to the airbag 310 from high-speed airflow.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 2As shown, the containment's heat dissipation system 1000 also includes a filter element 500, which is connected to the containment 100. The filter element 500 is arranged opposite to the through-hole 120 to filter the gas injected into the airbag 310. Specifically, the filter element 500 can be installed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment 100. As gas is continuously injected into the airbag 310 from within the containment 100, the filter element 500 can filter the gas injected into the airbag 310, preventing the gas from carrying large impurities that could damage the airbag 310. Alternatively, the filter element 500 can be installed on the inner peripheral surface of the containment 100, where it can also filter the gas injected into the airbag 310, preventing the gas from carrying large impurities that could damage the airbag 310. Furthermore, the filter element 500 can slow down the flow of high-temperature, high-pressure gas from the through-hole 120, preventing the gas flow rate into the airbag 310 from being too fast and avoiding damage to the airbag 310 from high-speed airflow.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the containment's heat dissipation system 1000 also includes a protection assembly 600, which includes a protective cover 610 and a protective cap 620. The protective cover 610 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment 100 and has a protective cavity 611 for accommodating an uninflated airbag 310. The protective cap 620 is disposed on the protective cover 610 for opening and closing the protective cavity 611.

[0057] Specifically, under normal circumstances, the airbag 310 is in a folded state and stored in the protective cavity 611. The protective cover 610 and the protective cap 620 can protect the airbag 310 and prevent it from being damaged. When the pressure inside the containment 100 is too high, the protective cap 620 can be opened, so that the folded airbag 310 can be deployed.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the protective assembly 600 also includes a protective lock 630, which is mounted on the pressure cylinder 210 and connected between the protective cover 610 and the protective cap 620. When the pressure inside the pressure cylinder 210 is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the protective lock 630 is unlocked. The second threshold is greater than a first threshold. When the pressure inside the pressure cylinder 210 continuously increases and exceeds or equals the second threshold, the pressure can unlock the protective lock 630, thereby opening the protective cap 620 on the protective cover 610.

[0059] Under high pressure, the movable rod 220 contacts the protective lock 630 to unlock it. Specifically, under the pressure of the containment 100, the movable rod 220 moves continuously into the pressure cylinder 210. When the movable rod 220 contacts the protective lock 630, the protective lock 630 can be unlocked, thereby opening the protective cover 620 on the protective shield 610.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the protective assembly 600 also includes a rotating member 640 connected between the protective cover 610 and the protective cap 620, so that the protective cap 620 is rotatably connected to the protective cover 610, allowing it to be opened and closed. Specifically, the rotating member 640 may be a hinge or a rotating pin. The protective cap 620 can rotate on the protective cover 610 via the rotating member 640.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the airbag assembly 300 includes a rigid-flexible connector 320, which connects the containment shell 100 and the airbag 310. Specifically, the airbag 310 can be easily connected to the containment shell 100 via the rigid-flexible connector 320, and the rigid-flexible connector 320 also ensures the airtightness between the airbag 310 and the containment shell 100. In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the airbag 310 is elongated. Given the same volume, the elongated shape of the airbag 310 results in a larger effective heat exchange area, which is more conducive to heat exchange between the airbag 310 and the atmosphere.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, there are multiple airbags 310, with the tail end of one of two adjacent airbags 310 connected to the head end of the other. Specifically, the multiple airbags 310 are connected end to end in sequence. When all the airbags 310 are filled with gas, they can fall downwards by their own weight, preventing the filled airbags 310 from touching other objects (buildings, etc.).

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, multiple airbag assemblies 300 and pressure triggering assemblies 200 are provided, with one airbag assembly 300 and one pressure triggering assembly 200 corresponding to each other. Specifically, multiple airbag assemblies 300 and pressure triggering assemblies 200 can quickly relieve the pressure on the containment 100 and reduce the temperature of the containment 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first threshold values ​​within at least two pressure chambers 211 of the multiple pressure triggering components 200 are different. By setting different first threshold values ​​for the pressure chambers 211 in the multiple pressure triggering components 200, when the pressure in the containment 100 exceeds the first first threshold, the airbag 310 corresponding to the first threshold can alleviate the pressure in the containment 100 and reduce its temperature. When the pressure in the containment 100 continues to rise and exceeds a second first threshold, the airbag 310 corresponding to the first threshold can again alleviate the pressure in the containment 100 and reduce its temperature. Setting stepped first threshold values ​​can improve the utilization rate of the airbag 310 and avoid unnecessary waste of the airbag 310.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the airbag 310 includes a radiation shielding layer 311 and a fiber layer 312, with the fiber layer 312 located outside the radiation shielding layer 311. Specifically, the radiation shielding layer 311 is made of lead-doped polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. The radiation shielding layer 311 prevents water formed inside the airbag 310 from penetrating into the airbag 310, preventing water erosion and thus avoiding water damage. In addition, the radiation shielding layer 311 also provides some shielding against neutrons and gamma rays to prevent nuclear radiation leakage. Simultaneously, the lead-doped polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride radiation shielding layer 311 also has the ability to withstand high temperatures and high pressures. Furthermore, the fiber layer 312 is made of silver fiber and provides structural support for the airbag 310.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the airbag 310 also includes a wear-resistant layer 313, which is located on the outside of the fiber layer 312. Specifically, the wear-resistant layer 313 is made of composite fibers such as nylon. During the deployment of the airbag 310, it prevents the airbag 310 from being damaged by friction with the outside world, improves the wear resistance of the airbag 310, and extends the service life of the airbag 310.

[0067] Working principle:

[0068] When the pressure inside the containment vessel 100 reaches or exceeds a set first threshold, the pressure inside the containment vessel 100 acts on the pressure plate 240, thereby pushing the movable rod 220 to move. This causes the wall-breaking component 230 to break the pressure wall 130. Simultaneously, the movable rod 220 cooperates with the protective lock 630 to open the protective cover 620. Gas inside the containment vessel 100 can continuously flow into the airbag 310 through the through-hole. The buffer component 400 can slow down the gas flow rate, and the filter component 500 can filter impurities from the gas.

[0069] Within airbag 310, a temperature difference exists between the high-temperature, high-pressure gas and the ambient air. This allows for heat exchange between the high-temperature, high-pressure gas and the ambient air, gradually reducing the temperature and pressure of airbag 14. As the temperature and pressure of the gas within airbag 310 gradually decrease, a temperature gradient is created between it and the gas within containment 100. This causes the gas within containment 100 to continuously flow towards airbag 310, further reducing the temperature and pressure of the gas within containment 100.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0074] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0075] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation system for a containment vessel, characterized in that, include: A containment vessel having a safety cavity, a through hole communicating with the safety cavity, and a pressure wall sealing the through hole; A pressure triggering assembly includes a pressure cylinder, a movable rod, a wall-breaking component, a pressure plate, and a flexible sealing ring. The pressure cylinder is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel and has a pressure chamber. The pressure within the pressure chamber is a first threshold pressure. The movable rod is disposed on the pressure cylinder, with a portion of the rod located within the pressure chamber and the other portion extending into the containment vessel. The movable rod has a normal pressure state and a high pressure state. In the high pressure state, the movable rod is movable relative to the pressure cylinder under the pressure within the containment vessel. The wall-breaking component is disposed on the movable rod so that when the movable rod moves, it moves closer to and breaks the pressure wall to open the through hole. The pressure plate... The pressure plate is mounted on the movable rod and located within the safety chamber. The thickness direction of the pressure plate is parallel to the moving direction of the movable rod. The pressure plate has a pressure front and a pressure back opposite each other in its thickness direction. The flexible sealing ring extends along the moving direction of the movable rod and is sleeved on the movable rod. The inner circumferential surface of the flexible sealing ring is spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the movable rod. The flexible sealing ring has a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface opposite each other in its extending direction. The first connecting surface is connected to the pressure back, and the second connecting surface is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the safety chamber. An annular cavity is formed between the pressure back, the second connecting surface, and the inner circumferential surface of the safety chamber. The annular cavity communicates with the pressure chamber. An airbag assembly, comprising an airbag disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment and communicating with the through hole, wherein when the through hole is open, gas in the containment cavity can be inflated into the airbag.

2. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure triggering component also includes: An anti-reverse locking latch is provided on one of the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder and the movable rod; An anti-backlash latch is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the pressure cylinder and the other of the movable rod. The anti-backlash latch cooperates with the anti-backlash lock to prevent the movable rod from moving in the direction toward the safety cavity.

3. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer element connected to the containment structure, which is arranged opposite to the through-hole to reduce the airflow velocity.

4. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a filter element connected to the containment vessel, the filter element being arranged opposite to the through-hole to filter the gas inflated into the airbag.

5. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protection component, which includes: A protective cover is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel, the protective cover having a protective cavity for accommodating the uninflated airbag; A protective cover is disposed on the protective cover and is used to open and close the protective cavity.

6. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protective component also includes a protective lock, which is disposed on the pressure cylinder and connected between the protective cover and the protective cap. When the pressure inside the pressure cylinder is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the protective lock is unlocked, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold. and / or Under the high pressure condition, the movable rod contacts the protective lock to unlock it.

7. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protective assembly also includes a rotating element connected between the protective cover and the protective cap, such that the protective cap is rotatably connected to the protective cover and can be opened and closed.

8. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag assembly includes a rigid-flexible connector that connects the containment structure and the airbag.

9. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag is elongated.

10. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 9, characterized in that, There are multiple airbags, and the tail end of one of two adjacent airbags is connected to the head end of the other.

11. The heat dissipation system of the containment according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, Multiple airbag components and multiple pressure triggering components are provided, and the airbag components and the pressure triggering components correspond one-to-one.

12. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first threshold values ​​within at least two of the pressure chambers of the plurality of pressure triggering components are not the same.

13. The heat dissipation system of the containment according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The airbag includes a radiation shielding layer and a fiber layer, with the fiber layer located outside the radiation shielding layer.

14. The heat dissipation system of the containment vessel according to claim 13, characterized in that, The airbag also includes a wear-resistant layer, which is located on the outside of the fiber layer.

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