An electronic device

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device that may include two antenna units. The radiators of the antenna units are connected in series, and high isolation between the two antenna units at a small distance is achieved through juxtaposed parasitic branches to meet the needs of a MIMO system. The first antenna unit includes a first radiator, a first parasitic branch, and a first feeding unit. The second antenna unit includes a second radiator, a second parasitic branch, and a second feeding unit. The first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are grounded, and the second end of the first radiator and the second end of the second radiator are opposite and do not contact each other. The first radiator and the first parasitic branch are juxtaposed to form a strongly coupled structure. The second radiator and the second parasitic branch are juxtaposed to form a strongly coupled structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, second-generation (2G) mobile communication systems primarily supported voice calls. Electronic devices were simply tools for sending and receiving text messages and communicating via voice. Wireless internet access was extremely slow because data transmission relied on voice channels. Nowadays, in addition to making calls, sending text messages, and taking photos, electronic devices can be used for online music streaming, watching online movies and live video, covering a wide range of applications in people's lives, including communication, entertainment, and e-commerce. Many of these applications require wireless networks for uploading and downloading data; therefore, high-speed data transmission has become extremely important.

[0003] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology plays a crucial role in 5G wireless communication systems, providing better data transmission rates. However, achieving good MIMO performance remains a significant challenge for electronic devices, such as mobile phones. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an electronic device that may include two antenna units, with the radiators of the antenna units connected in series. High isolation between the two antenna units is achieved with parallel parasitic stubs to meet the needs of MIMO systems.

[0005] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; a first antenna unit including a first radiator, a first parasitic stub, and a first feed unit, the first radiator including a first feed point, the first feed unit being coupled to the first radiator through the first feed point; a second antenna unit including a second radiator, a second parasitic stub, and a second feed unit, the second radiator including a second feed point, the second feed unit being coupled to the second radiator through the second feed point; wherein a first end of the first radiator, a second end of the first parasitic stub, a first end of the second radiator, and a second end of the second parasitic stub are all coupled to the floor for grounding; the second ends of the first radiator and the second ends of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; the first radiator and the first parasitic stub are placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the first parasitic stub are grounding terminals disposed on opposite sides; the second radiator and the second parasitic stub are placed side by side, and the first end of the second radiator and the second end of the second parasitic stub are grounding terminals disposed on opposite sides.

[0006] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first radiator and the second radiator are connected in series, and the grounding ends of the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. By using the first parasitic branch (the grounding ends of the first radiator and the first parasitic branch are arranged on opposite sides) and the second parasitic branch (the grounding ends of the second radiator and the second parasitic branch are arranged on opposite sides) placed alongside the first radiator, the coupling strength between the parallel radiators (between the first radiator and the first parasitic branch, or between the second parasitic branches of the second radiator) is greater than the coupling strength between the series radiators (between the first radiator and the second radiator), the first radiator and the second radiator can be decoupled, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0007] Meanwhile, the first radiator and the first parasitic stub (or the second radiator and the second parasitic stub) can resonate using OWM and HWM respectively, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance L1 between the first radiator and the second radiator, the distance L2 between the first radiator and the first parasitic branch, and the distance L3 between the second radiator and the second parasitic branch satisfy: L1≥L2 or L1≥L3.

[0009] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, when the distance between the juxtaposed radiators and the parasitic stubs is less than the distance between the cascaded radiators, the coupling between the cascaded radiators is reduced, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first power supply unit is different from the second power supply unit.

[0011] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first feed unit and the second feed unit are different, which can be understood as the electrical signals generated by the first feed unit and the second feed unit being different, and not generated by the same feed source through the feed network. For example, the first feed unit and the second feed unit can be different radio frequency channels of the same power chip. The frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit can be the same or different.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the physical length L4 of the first radiator and the physical length L5 of the second radiator satisfy: L4×80%≤L5≤L4×120%.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the physical length L6 of the first parasitic branch and the physical length L7 of the second parasitic branch satisfy: L6×80%≤L7≤L6×120%.

[0014] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the radiators of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit should have approximately the same electrical length so that the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are the same, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be used as sub-units in the MIMO system.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection and the third projection extend in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the first projection being the projection of the first radiator onto the plane of the floor, and the third projection being the projection of the first parasitic branch onto the plane of the floor; the length L8 of the overlapping portion of the first projection and the third projection in the second direction and the length L9 of the first projection satisfy: L9 × 80% ≤ L8.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second projection and the fourth projection extend in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the second projection being the projection of the second radiator onto the plane of the floor, and the fourth projection being the projection of the second parasitic branch onto the plane of the floor; the length L10 of the overlapping portion of the second projection and the fourth projection in the second direction and the length L11 of the second projection satisfy: L11×80%≤L10.

[0017] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, since the radiator / parasitic branch is not necessarily a regular shape, the length of the projection of the radiator / parasitic branch on the floor can be understood as the length of the ground end and the open end of the radiator / parasitic branch in the extension direction of the radiator.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second end of the first parasitic branch and the second end of the second parasitic branch are opposite to each other and do not contact each other.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are serially arranged.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first projection and the second projection extend along the same straight line in a first direction, the first projection being the projection of the first radiator onto the plane where the floor is located, and the second projection being the projection of the second radiator onto the plane where the floor is located.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a support; the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the surface of the support.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a rear cover; the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the rear cover.

[0023] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, in practical applications, the first radiator and the second radiator can also be disposed on the bracket inside the electronic device or on the back cover inside the electronic device. This application does not limit this and can adjust it according to actual production or design.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the second radiator are sheet-like radiators.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device includes a conductive frame; the frame includes a first position, a second position, and a third position, the third position being located between the first position and the second position; the frame has a gap at the third position, and is electrically connected to the floor at the first position and the second position; the frame between the first position and the third position is the first radiator; the frame between the second position and the third position is the second radiator.

[0026] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the conductive frame of the electronic device is used as a radiator, and parasitic branches are set near the frame to realize the antenna layout method provided in the embodiments of this application, which can make the antenna layout more compact.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a support; the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are located on the surface of the support.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a back cover; the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are located on the back cover.

[0029] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch can be disposed on the bracket inside the electronic device, for example, disposed on different bracket bodies respectively, or disposed on the same bracket body on the same plane. Alternatively, they can be disposed on the surface of the back cover near the middle frame.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch are sheet-like radiators.

[0031] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, a radiator whose length is three times or more than its width can be understood as a linear radiator, and a radiator whose length is less than three times its width can be understood as a sheet radiator. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the HWM of a dipole antenna.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the OWM of a dipole antenna.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the dipole antenna is bent.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the dipole antenna is bent.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution on the ground plane after the dipole antenna is bent.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution on the ground plane after the dipole antenna is bent.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution after a dipole antenna is bent and a ground plane perpendicular to the antenna element is added.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution after a dipole antenna is bent and a ground plane perpendicular to the antenna element is added.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a series of antenna structures.

[0042] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a set of parallel antenna structures.

[0044] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure.

[0046] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of antenna element 111 in the antenna structure shown are as follows.

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of yet another antenna structure.

[0048] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 200 provided in the application embodiment.

[0049] Figure 18 This is a projected view of the radiator and parasitic branches provided in the application embodiment.

[0050] Figure 19 yes Figure 17 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna element in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0051] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 22 yes Figure 21 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna element in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0054] Figure 23 yes Figure 20 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna element in the electronic device 200 shown. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0056] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0057] Connection / linking: can refer to a mechanical or physical connection. For example, A and B being connected or linked can mean that there are fasteners (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0058] Capacitor: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0059] Inductance: can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductor elements; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a conductor due to curling or rotation, or by a trace of any shape.

[0060] Resonant / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a range, that is, the range of frequencies where resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the point of strongest resonance is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0061] Resonant band / communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0062] Electrical length: can be the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0065] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0066] The term "end" refers to the first (second) end of the antenna radiator, as well as the grounded or open end. It cannot be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a single point; it can also be considered a segment of the antenna radiator including the first endpoint. In one embodiment, the first endpoint is the endpoint of the antenna radiator at the first slot. For example, the first end of the antenna radiator can be considered a segment of the radiator within a range of one-sixteenth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point.

[0067] Open terminal, closed terminal: In some embodiments, open terminal / closed terminal refers to, for example, relative to ground, with the closed terminal grounded and the open terminal not grounded, or, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed terminal electrically connected to other conductors and the open terminal not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as an open terminal or an open circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a ground terminal or a short circuit terminal.

[0068] The terms "middle" or "middle position" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refer to certain ranges or distances. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor including the midpoint, or the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

[0069] The terms collinearity, coplanarity (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of this application are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 0.5 mm, or 0.1 mm) between the edges of two collinear radiating stubs or two antenna elements in the line width direction. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold between the edges of two coplanar radiating stubs or two antenna elements in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar plane. There may be a deviation of a predetermined angle between two parallel or perpendicular antenna elements. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold may be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold may be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0070] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0071] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0072] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0073] Ground, or floor: can refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers.

[0074] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0075] It should be understood that the statement in this article that the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance are the same (also known as being at the same frequency) can be interpreted as any of the following situations:

[0076] The resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances include the same communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the first and second resonances can be applied to a MIMO antenna system. For example, if both the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances include the sub-6GHz frequency band in 5G, then the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances can be considered to be at the same frequency.

[0077] The resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance have at least partial frequency overlap. For example, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance includes B39 (1.88-1.92GHz) in LTE. Since the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance partially overlap, it can be considered that the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance are at the same frequency.

[0078] like Figure 1As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0079] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.

[0080] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0081] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0082] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0083] The electronic device 10 may also include a bezel 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0084] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0085] The border 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. This portion of the border serving as the radiator can have gaps between it and the rest of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can have an aperture at this portion of the border serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0086] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the middle frame 19, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. The protrusions of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. A gap 42 may exist between this portion of the frame acting as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, enabling the antenna to have good signal transmission capabilities.

[0087] The back cover 21 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or other non-metallic back cover; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the back cover 21, which includes conductive material, can replace the middle frame 19 and form an integral part with the frame 11, providing support for the electronic components in the whole device.

[0088] In one embodiment, conductive portions in the mid-frame 19 and / or rear cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the mid-frame.

[0089] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be disposed within the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is made of a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located within the electronic device 10 and positioned along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator can be positioned close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "positioning the antenna radiator close to the frame 11" means that the antenna radiator can be positioned flush against the frame 11 or close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0090] The antenna of electronic device 10 can also be housed inside the casing, such as a bracket antenna, millimeter-wave antenna, etc. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The clearance of the antenna disposed within the housing can be obtained by a slot / aperture on any of the middle frame, and / or side frame, and / or back cover, and / or display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In one embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10, making the antenna a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10.

[0091] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0092] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0093] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when a user holds (typically vertically and facing the screen) an electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, bottom, left side, and right side.

[0094] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The two antenna modes involved in this application are introduced. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiments described, a dipole antenna is used as an illustration. It should be understood that this application does not limit the description of the antenna mode by a specific antenna form and / or antenna shape. Figure 2 The embodiment shown is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the half wavelength mode (HWM, also known as half-wavelength mode or half-mode) of the dipole antenna. Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment is a schematic diagram of the current distribution corresponding to the one wavelength mode (OWM) of a dipole antenna. In other embodiments of this application, the half-wavelength mode and the one wavelength mode can be applied to other antenna types, not only for wire antennas but also for patch antennas. Specific antenna types may include, for example, planar inverted-L antennas (PILA), planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA), inverted-F antennas (IFA), inverted-L antennas (ILA), monopole antennas, etc. Furthermore, in other embodiments of this application, the radiator of the antenna can be of any shape / form (e.g., straight strip, bent, linear, sheet-like, split, integrally formed, etc.) without affecting the antenna's operating mode.

[0095] 1. Half-wavelength mode:

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, the dipole antenna 101 exhibits a high-frequency dynamic range (HWM), characterized by the current flowing in the same direction along the antenna radiator and having a single point of high current intensity. For example, the current amplitude is greatest in the middle of the antenna radiator and smallest at both ends.

[0097] 2. One-wavelength mode:

[0098] like Figure 3 As shown, the dipole antenna 101 exhibits an OWM mode, characterized by currents in opposite directions on both sides of the antenna radiator (e.g., on both sides of the center of the radiator), and having two current strength points and three current zero points. For example, the current amplitude is minimum at both ends and the middle of the radiator, and maximum at the midpoint between the two ends and the center of the radiator, respectively.

[0099] The reference to "same / opposite current directions" in the embodiments of this application should be understood as the main currents on the radiator being in the same / opposite direction. For example, the currents as a whole are in the same / opposite direction. When a unidirectional distributed current is excited on a ring-shaped radiator (e.g., the current path is also ring-shaped), it should be understood that although the main currents excited on the conductors on both sides of the ring conductor (e.g., the conductors surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are opposite in direction, they still fall under the definition of unidirectional distributed current in this application.

[0100] According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the current strength points mentioned in the embodiments of this application can correspond to electric field zero points, and the current zero point can correspond to electric field strength points. Strong point and zero point are relative concepts, as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are not strictly maximum or minimum, nor do they indicate only a single point, but rather a region. For example, a region with amplitudes far exceeding the average value can be a strong point, and a region with amplitudes far below the average value can be a zero point; the maximum / minimum amplitude should be understood accordingly. Those skilled in the art will understand that, typically, a grounded terminal corresponds to a current strength point (or, electric field zero point); typically, an open terminal corresponds to an electric field strength point (or, current zero point); typically, a current reversal region corresponds to a current zero point (or, electric field strength point); and typically, a current reversal region corresponds to an electric field zero point (or, current strength point).

[0101] It should be understood that the current distribution diagrams shown in each embodiment of this application only illustrate the approximate current direction of the antenna structure at a certain moment when an electrical signal is fed into the radiator. The schematic current distribution is a simplified diagram of the current distribution (e.g., current with an amplitude exceeding 50%) for ease of understanding. For example, the current distribution on the floor is simplified to the current distribution in a portion of the area near the radiator, and only its general direction is shown. It should be noted that the current distribution arrows are only for illustrating the current direction and do not indicate that the current flow area is limited to the area indicated by the arrow.

[0102] To illustrate the technical solution of this application, Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution after the radiator of a dipole antenna is bent.

[0103] Will Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dipole antenna shown is bent inwards at both ends, forming a shape like... Figure 4 and Figure 5 The shape remains unchanged, with HWM and OWM still present. At this time, the current generated by the dipole antenna 101 in HWM is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the current is distributed in the same direction around the central gap, while the current generated by the dipole antenna 101 at OWM is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the current is distributed in opposite directions around the central gap, and the characteristics of the current amplitude are similar to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The same or similar as shown.

[0104] Figure 6 and Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of a dipole antenna with an added ground plane after bending, according to an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, the antenna radiator and the ground plane can be coplanar (e.g., the radiator is disposed outside one side of the ground plane).

[0105] In such Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the bent dipole antenna shown, a ground plane 102 electrically connected to the dipole antenna is added, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the ground plane 102 can be a PCB, mid-frame, or other metal layer of the electronic device. In this case, the dipole antenna consists of antenna element 103 and part of the ground plane 102, while the HWM and OWM remain. The current generated by the dipole antenna in the HWM is as follows... Figure 6 As shown, the current is distributed in the same direction around the central slot 104, while the current generated by the dipole antenna at OWM is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the current is distributed in opposite directions around the central gap, and the characteristics of the current amplitude are the same as or similar to those described above. At this time, the ground plane 102 carries part of the mode current of the dipole antenna, that is, the ground plane 102 plays the role of carrying the mode current between the two antenna elements at the ends of the two bent antenna elements (the connection point with the ground plane 102).

[0106] In such Figure 4 and Figure 5 Based on the bent dipole antenna shown, a ground plane 107 is added and connected to the antenna. After connection, the antenna element 108 is placed above the ground plane 107, which can be regarded as two antenna elements placed on the ground plane. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown. The ground plane 107 can be the PCB, mid-frame, or other metal layer of the electronic device. In this case, the two modes of the antenna element, HWM and OWM, still exist. The current generated by the dipole antenna in HWM is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the current is distributed in the same direction around the central gap, while the current generated by the dipole antenna at OWM is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the current is distributed in opposite directions around the central gap, and the characteristics of the current amplitude are the same as those described in the figure above. At this time, the ground plane 107 carries part of the mode current of the antenna. The ground plane 107 plays the role of carrying the mode current between the two antenna elements at the ends of the two bent antenna elements (the connection point with the ground plane 107).

[0107] Next, to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, Figures 10 to 13Taking this as an example, we analyze several arrangement forms between two radiators in an antenna structure. These two radiators are not in contact with each other; this can be understood as meaning there is no direct conductive physical contact between the two radiators.

[0108] Form 1: Serialized or arranged in series

[0109] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a set of antenna structures provided in this application.

[0110] like Figure 10 As shown, the antenna structure includes two radiators 110 arranged in series or in series, with the grounding terminals of the two radiators 110 being far apart from each other and located on opposite sides.

[0111] In one possible arrangement, a series or cascaded arrangement can be understood as two radiators 110 positioned relatively close to each other (e.g., the distance between the radiators is less than 5 mm), with their ends facing each other but not in contact, and the two radiators 110 are arranged substantially along the same straight line in their extension directions. Here, "substantially along the same straight line" means that the extension directions of the main bodies of the two radiators can be roughly along the same straight line, but are not necessarily strictly aligned. For example, the first radiator extends in the X direction, and the second radiator extends in a direction deviating from the X direction by less than 10°. Alternatively, the first and second radiators can be in a zigzag shape, with the extension directions of the main bodies of the radiators (e.g., the length of the main body is greater than or equal to 90% of the total length of the radiators) substantially along the same straight line. All of the above can be considered as substantially aligned along the same straight line.

[0112] In one possible scheme, the serial or series arrangement can also be understood as two radiators 110 extending in a first direction and not overlapping in a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the two radiators have at least partial overlap in the first direction.

[0113] In one possible configuration, the projections of two radiators 110 arranged in series or in tandem onto the floor 120 are arranged in series or in tandem. In one embodiment, the projections of the two radiators 110 arranged in series or in tandem onto the floor 120 may be aligned along the same straight line; specifically, the two radiators 110 are collinear in their extending directions. One end of each radiator is connected to the floor 120; for example, the black dot in the figure indicates the schematic grounding point of the radiator.

[0114] In one possible scheme, the two radiators 110 are linear radiators, and the projections of the two radiators on the floor are set along the same straight line. This can be understood as the angle between the extension directions of the sides of the two radiators in the length direction being in the range of 0 to 10°, or in the range of 170 to 180°.

[0115] In one possible scheme, the two radiators 110 are sheet-shaped radiators. The projection of the two radiators on the floor is set along the same straight line. This can be understood as the angle between the extension directions of any line connecting the open end and the ground end of the two radiators being in the range of 0 to 10°, or in the range of 170 to 180°.

[0116] It should be understood that two radiators 110, which are spaced apart along the same straight line, are connected to the same floor 120, and the two radiators 110 and part of the floor 120 together form a dipole antenna.

[0117] To further analyze the mode of the above antenna structure, we assume that... Figure 10 The current distribution of the antenna structure shown in the figure under HWM is as follows Figure 11 As shown in (a), the current distribution under OWM is assumed to be as follows: Figure 11 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0118] Based on the eigenmode characteristics of the dipole antenna, such as Figure 11 As shown in (a), two radiators 110 can generate mode currents in the same direction, and a mode current can be generated between the two radiators 110 on the floor 120 between them. The mode current on the radiators 110 will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the area of ​​strong current of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 10 The antenna structure shown can excite HWM.

[0119] It should be understood that, for boundary conditions, the induced current generated by the antenna element and the mode current have components in the same direction, but no components in opposite directions, which means that the boundary conditions are met.

[0120] Similarly, such as Figure 11As shown in (b), the two radiators 110 can generate opposing mode currents, and a mode current can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The mode current on the radiators 110 will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the zero-current region of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 10 The antenna structure shown can excite OWM.

[0121] Therefore, for Figure 10 The antenna structure shown (with radiators of antenna elements arranged in series and ground terminals located on opposite sides) primarily determines the isolation between antenna elements by the mode currents of the two elements, while the spatial distance between the two elements has a relatively small impact on the isolation. Since the coupling between the two antenna elements is minimally affected by their distance, this antenna structure can be considered a strongly coupled antenna structure.

[0122] Form 2: Juxtoposed (or placed side by side) or arranged in parallel.

[0123] like Figure 12 As shown, the antenna structure includes two radiators 110 arranged side by side or in parallel, with the grounding terminals of the two radiators 110 being far apart from each other and located on opposite sides.

[0124] The parallel or parallel arrangement can be understood as two radiators 110 being positioned relatively close (e.g., the distance between the radiators is less than 5 mm), and the extension direction of each radiator 110 (e.g., specifically the direction from its ground end to its open end) being substantially consistent (e.g., the angle between the extension directions being in the range of 0 to 10°, or 170 to 180°), and most of one radiator being projected onto the other radiator (or, in other words, the two radiators 110 substantially overlap in the extension direction perpendicular to the radiators). Here, "most of the radiators being projected onto the other radiator" or "substantially overlapping" can refer to the projection or overlap of the radiators in the extension direction, and does not necessarily have to be the projection or overlap of the entire radiator. For example, both the first and second radiators extend in the X direction. The first radiator may be sheet-like in the XY plane, and the second radiator may be sheet-like in the XZ plane (where the XY and XZ planes are perpendicular). However, the portions of the two radiators extending in the X direction can be considered to largely overlap, or the projection of the first radiator onto the second radiator can be considered to be that most of (e.g., more than 80% of its length in the extension direction) is projected onto the second radiator. It should be understood that "A is projected onto B," or "A's projection onto B," means that A, in its extension direction perpendicular to B, is projected onto B.

[0125] In one possible configuration, the projections of two radiators arranged side-by-side or in parallel on the floor are also side-by-side or in parallel. In one embodiment, the projections of the two radiators arranged side-by-side or in parallel on the floor can be parallel and not collinear; specifically, the two radiators 110 are parallel in the length direction and overlap at least partially in the left and right directions in the length direction. One end of each radiator 110 is connected to the floor 120; for example, the black dot in the figure indicates the schematic grounding point of the radiator.

[0126] Figure 12 The antenna structure shown firstly, without considering the feed, consists of two parallel, non-collinear radiators 110 that overlap horizontally in the parallel direction. The two radiators are each connected to the same ground plane 120, and the two radiators 110 together with at least a portion of the ground plane form a [missing information - likely a specific antenna structure]. Figure 10 The antenna structure within. It should be understood that... Figure 10 The antenna structure shown can be an antenna structure comprising a single antenna element (e.g., where only one radiator has a feed point) or an antenna structure comprising two antenna elements (each antenna element including a feed point) (e.g., where each of the two radiators has a feed point). Figure 10 The positions of the two radiators 110 shown can be offset relative to each other. For example, one of the two radiators 110 can be translated, or it can be rotated along the end of the radiator 110.

[0127] To further analyze the mode of the above antenna structure, we assume that... Figure 12 The current distribution of the antenna structure shown in the figure under HWM is as follows Figure 13 As shown in (a), the current distribution under OWM is assumed to be as follows: Figure 13 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0128] like Figure 13 As shown in (a), mode currents in the same direction can be generated on the two radiators 110, and a mode current can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The mode current on the radiators will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the area of ​​strong current of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 12 The antenna structure shown contains an HWM.

[0129] Similarly, such as Figure 13 As shown in (b), opposing mode currents 122 can be generated on the two radiators 110, and a mode current can be generated on the floor 120 between the two radiators 110. The mode current on the radiators will induce a current on the floor 120. According to the electromagnetic induction theorem, the mode current and the corresponding induced current are opposite in direction. For the mode current between the two locations on the floor 120, it has a component in the same direction as the induced current, and the two can be superimposed. In one embodiment, the dashed area on the floor 120 is the zero-current region of the mode current and the induced current, indicating that the mode meets the boundary conditions and can exist. Figure 12 The antenna structure shown contains OWM.

[0130] It should be understood that, Figure 12 In the antenna structure shown, since the two radiators 110 can have both high-frequency (HWM) and low-frequency (OWM), the spatial / physical distance between the radiators 110 has a relatively small impact on their isolation. This antenna structure can be called a strongly coupled antenna structure.

[0131] Figure 14 and Figure 15 This describes an antenna structure and its simulation results. Among them, Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure. Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of antenna element 111 in the antenna structure shown are as follows.

[0132] like Figure 14As shown, the antenna structure may include antenna element 111 and antenna element 112, which are arranged in series and whose grounding terminals are far apart from each other. The grounding terminals being far apart can be understood as the distance between the grounding terminals of the radiators of antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 being greater than the distance between any grounding terminal and any open terminal of either the radiator of antenna element 111 or antenna element 112.

[0133] In the antenna structure described above, both the first radiator and the second radiator extend along the same straight line in the first direction. The first end of the first radiator is a grounded end and the second end is an open end. The first end of the second radiator is an open end and the second end is a grounded end.

[0134] and Figure 10 Compared to the antenna structure shown, Figure 14 The illustrated embodiment includes a diagram of the power supply. In one embodiment, a power supply point can be added to the grounding side of the antenna element for feeding an electrical signal through the power supply unit at that location. In other embodiments, the power supply location can be adjusted according to actual design requirements.

[0135] like Figure 15 As shown, when an electrical signal is fed into antenna element 111 and antenna element 112, a resonance (S11 and S22) can be generated near 4.5 GHz.

[0136] In the frequency band corresponding to this resonance, due to the mode current between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112, which are strongly coupled, the isolation between them (S12 and S21) is poor and cannot meet the communication requirements.

[0137] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of yet another antenna structure.

[0138] like Figure 16 As shown, the antenna structure may include antenna element 111, antenna element 112 and neutralization line 113. Antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 are arranged in series and their grounding ends are far apart from each other. The two ends of neutralization line 113 are electrically connected to the radiator of antenna element 111 and the radiator of antenna element 112, respectively.

[0139] and Figure 14 Compared to the antenna structure shown, Figure 16The illustrated embodiment adds a neutralization line 113 between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112. By using the neutralization line 113 between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112, the resonant frequency generated by the resonant mode (e.g., HWM) or the resonant frequency generated by the second resonant mode (e.g., OWM) of antenna element 111 and antenna element 112 can be adjusted. This makes the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonant modes synchronized, and the mode currents of the first and second resonant modes cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between antenna element 111 and antenna element 112.

[0140] However, in electronic devices, it is difficult to achieve this within the existing layout. Figure 16 The neutralization line 113 between the antenna elements shown, and the electronic component structure included in the neutralization line 113.

[0141] This application provides an electronic device that may include two antenna units, with the radiators of the antenna units connected in series. High isolation between the two antenna units is achieved with parallel parasitic stubs to meet the needs of MIMO systems.

[0142] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 200 provided in the application embodiment.

[0143] like Figure 17 As shown, the electronic device 200 may include a first antenna unit 210, a second antenna unit 220 and a ground plane 230, a resonant connector 240 and a first electronic component 241.

[0144] The first antenna element 210 may include a first radiator 211, a first parasitic stub 212, and a first feed element 213. The first radiator 211 includes a first feed point 214, and the first feed element 213 is coupled to the first radiator 211 through the first feed point 214 (e.g., spaced coupling or electrical connection).

[0145] The second antenna element 220 may include a second radiator 221, a second parasitic stub 222, and a second feed element 223. The second radiator 221 includes a second feed point 224, and the second feed element 223 is coupled to the second radiator 221 through the second feed point 224 (e.g., spaced coupling or electrical connection).

[0146] It should be understood that the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are all described using electrical connection (direct coupling) as an example. In actual design or production, indirect coupling can also be used to achieve the same technical effect, and this application does not limit this. In the embodiment where the first feed unit 213 is indirectly coupled to the first radiator 211 through the first feed point 241, the first feed point 214 can be understood as the area on the first radiator 211 that is face-to-face with the feed structure. The "indirect coupling" in the embodiments of this application should be understood in the same or similar way.

[0147] The first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 is grounded, the second end 2122 of the first parasitic branch 212 is grounded, the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 is grounded, and the second end 2222 of the second parasitic branch 222 is grounded. In one embodiment, the second end 2112 of the first radiator 211, the first end 2121 of the first parasitic branch 212, the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221, and the first end 2221 of the second parasitic branch 222 are open ends.

[0148] The first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are connected in series, the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are connected side by side, the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are connected side by side, and the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 are grounding terminals set on opposite sides, the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2122 of the first parasitic branch 212 are grounding terminals set on opposite sides, and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 and the second end 2222 of the second parasitic branch 222 are grounding terminals set on opposite sides.

[0149] In this configuration, the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 are grounding terminals located on opposite sides. This can be understood as the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 being on the first side of the first direction, and the second end 2112 of the first radiator 211 being on the second side of the first direction, and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 being on the second side of the first direction, and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 being on the first side of the first direction. Alternatively, the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 are grounding terminals located on the same side. This can be understood as the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 being on the first side of the first direction, and the second end 2112 of the first radiator 211 being on the second side of the first direction, and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 being on the second side of the first direction, and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 being on the first side of the first direction. Both the above and below interpretations of grounding terminals being on the same side (same-side configuration) and grounding terminals being on opposite sides (opposite-side configuration) are acceptable.

[0150] In one embodiment, the grounding terminal being located on the same side can be understood as being located on the same side of the virtual axis of the radiator, with the virtual axis being the same distance from the open end and the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0151] In one embodiment, the second end 2112 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221 are opposite to each other but do not contact each other. In one embodiment, the projection of the first radiator 211 onto the plane of the floor 230 is a first projection, and the projection of the second radiator 221 onto the plane of the floor 230 is a second projection. The first projection and the second projection extend along the same straight line (e.g., parallel) in a second direction (e.g., the y-direction). In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are arranged coplanarly.

[0152] It should be understood that the direction from the ground end to the open end of the first radiator 211 is a third direction, and the direction from the ground end to the open end of the second radiator 221 is a fourth direction. The fact that the first projection and the second projection extend along the same straight line in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction) can be understood as the third direction and the fourth direction being the same direction. In the following embodiments, the parallelism between projections, and the perpendicularity between projections, can also be immediately equated to the collinearity, parallelism, or perpendicularity between the directions from the ground end to the open end of the corresponding radiators.

[0153] In one embodiment, the projection of the first parasitic branch 212 onto the plane of the floor 230 is a third projection, and the projection of the second parasitic branch 222 onto the plane of the floor 230 is a fourth projection. The first and third projections extend (e.g., parallel) in a second direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in a fifth direction (e.g., the x-direction), the second and fifth directions being perpendicular. The second and fourth projections extend (e.g., parallel) in a second direction (e.g., the y-direction) and at least partially overlap in the fifth direction (e.g., the x-direction). In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are coplanar. In one embodiment, the second parasitic branch 222 and the second radiator 221 are coplanar.

[0154] In one embodiment, the distance between the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 is greater than the distance between the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2212 of the second radiator 221, and the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are grounding terminals located on opposite sides. In another embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are far apart from each other.

[0155] It should be understood that the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are arranged collinearly, and the grounding terminal (first end) of the first antenna element 210 and the grounding terminal (first end) of the second antenna element 220 are located on opposite sides. The first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220 are strongly coupled antenna structures.

[0156] In one embodiment, the distance between the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the second end 2122 of the first parasitic branch 212 is greater than the distance between the first end 2111 of the first radiator 211 and the first end 2121 of the first parasitic branch 212, and the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are grounding terminals located on opposite sides. In another embodiment, the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are far apart from each other.

[0157] It should be understood that the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are arranged in parallel, and the grounding end (first end) of the first radiator 211 and the grounding end (second end) of the first parasitic branch 212 are located on opposite sides. The first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are strongly coupled structures.

[0158] In one embodiment, the distance between the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 and the second end 2222 of the second parasitic branch 222 is greater than the distance between the first end 2211 of the second radiator 221 and the first end 2221 of the second parasitic branch 222, and the grounding terminals of the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are grounding terminals located on opposite sides. In another embodiment, the grounding terminals of the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are far apart from each other.

[0159] It should be understood that the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are arranged in parallel, and the grounding end (first end) of the second radiator 221 and the grounding end (second end) of the second parasitic branch 222 are located on opposite sides. The second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are strongly coupled structures.

[0160] It should be understood that in the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are connected in series, and the grounding terminals of the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are located on opposite sides, forming a strongly coupled structure. By using the first parasitic branch 212 (the grounding terminals of the first radiator and the first parasitic branch are located on opposite sides) and the second parasitic branch 222 (the grounding terminals of the second radiator and the second parasitic branch are located on opposite sides) connected in parallel with the first radiator 211, the coupling strength between the parallel radiators (between the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212, or between the second parasitic branch 222 connected in parallel with the second radiator 221) is greater than the coupling strength between the series radiators (between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221), the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can be decoupled, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220.

[0161] Meanwhile, the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 (or the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222) can resonate using OWM and HWM respectively, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220.

[0162] In one embodiment, the second ends 2122 of the first parasitic branch 212 and the second ends 2222 of the second parasitic branch 222 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other. In one embodiment, the third projection and the fourth projection extend along the same straight line in the second direction (e.g., the y-direction), and the first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 are arranged collinearly. In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are arranged in the same plane. In one embodiment, the second parasitic branch 222 and the second radiator 221 are arranged in the same plane.

[0163] In one embodiment, the distance between the second end 2122 of the first parasitic branch 212 and the second end 2222 of the second parasitic branch 222 is less than the distance between the second end 2122 of the first parasitic branch 212 and the first end 2221 of the second parasitic branch 222. In another embodiment, the grounding end of the first parasitic branch 212 and the grounding end of the second parasitic branch 222 are close to each other.

[0164] It should be understood that the first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 are arranged in the same line, and the grounding end (second end) of the first parasitic branch 212 and the grounding end (second end) of the second parasitic branch 222 are close to each other. The first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 are weakly coupled structures.

[0165] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments in this application are only described using the example of the first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 being located on the same side of the first radiator 211 or the second radiator 221, for example, forming a 2×2 array arrangement. In one embodiment, the first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 may be located on different sides of the first radiator 211 or the second radiator 221, for example, […]. Figure 17 The first antenna element 210 or the second antenna element 210 shown is translated along the fifth direction (e.g., the x direction).

[0166] In one embodiment, the first feed unit 213 is different from the second feed unit 223. The difference between the first feed unit 213 and the second feed unit 223 can be understood as the electrical signals generated by the first feed unit 213 and the second feed unit 223 being different, and not generated by the same feed source through the feed network. For example, the first feed unit 213 and the second feed unit 223 could be different RF channels of the same power chip.

[0167] It should be understood that the difference between the first feed unit 213 and the second feed unit 223 can be interpreted as different radio frequency channels in the radio frequency chip. The frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit 213 and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit 223 can be the same or different. In one embodiment, the frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit 213 and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit 223 are the same (the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 operate at the same frequency). The first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 can serve as sub-units in a MIMO system, both operating in the first frequency band, and simultaneously receiving or transmitting electrical signals in the first frequency band. Alternatively, the first antenna unit 210 can act as a transmitting unit, and the second antenna unit 220 as a receiving unit. In another embodiment, the frequencies of the first electrical signal fed into the first feed unit 213 and the second electrical signal fed into the second feed unit 223 are different. The first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 can serve as two independent antenna units, transmitting or receiving electrical signals in different frequency bands.

[0168] In one embodiment, the first feed unit 213 may be electrically connected to the first radiator 211 on the side near the ground terminal of the first radiator 211. The first radiator 211 may be a linear radiator (e.g., with a length three times or more than its width). The first antenna unit 210 may include an inverted F-type antenna (IFA) formed by the first radiator 211 and the first feed unit 213. Alternatively, the first radiator 211 may be a sheet-like radiator (e.g., with a length less than three times its width). The first antenna unit 210 may include a planar inverted F-type antenna (PIFA) formed by the first radiator 211 and the first feed unit 213. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the first feed unit 213 may be electrically connected to the first radiator 211 on the side near the open end of the first radiator 211. In one embodiment, the second antenna unit 220 may also include any of the above-described antenna types.

[0169] In one embodiment, the distance L1 between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221, the distance L2 between the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic stub 212, and the distance L3 between the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic stub 222 can satisfy the following formula: L1 ≥ L2 or L3. When the distance between the juxtaposed radiators and the parasitic stub is less than the distance between the cascaded radiators, the coupling between the cascaded radiators is reduced, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna element 210 and the second antenna element 220.

[0170] It should be understood that the distance L1 between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can be understood as the minimum distance between the ends of the second ends 2112 of the first radiator 211 and the second ends 2212 of the second radiator 221, or it can be understood as the minimum width of the gap formed between the ends of the second ends 2112 of the first radiator 211 and the second ends 2212 of the second radiator 221. The distance between the radiator and the parasite can also be understood accordingly.

[0171] In one embodiment, the distance L1 between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 is less than 5 mm.

[0172] In one embodiment, the distance L2 between the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic stub 212 is less than 5 mm. In another embodiment, the distance L2 between the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic stub 212 is less than 2 mm, so that the antenna structure 200 has a more compact layout and a smaller footprint.

[0173] In one embodiment, the distance L3 between the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic stub 222 is less than 5 mm. In another embodiment, the distance L3 between the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic stub 222 is less than 2 mm, so that the antenna structure 200 has a more compact layout and a smaller footprint.

[0174] In one embodiment, the electrical length E1 of the first radiator 211 and the electrical length E2 of the second radiator 221 satisfy: E1×80%≤E2≤E1×120%.

[0175] In one embodiment, the electrical length E3 of the first parasitic branch 212 and the electrical length E4 of the second parasitic branch 222 satisfy: E3×80%≤E4≤E3×120%.

[0176] It should be understood that the electrical lengths of the radiators of the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 should be approximately the same, so that the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 are the same, and the first antenna unit 210 and the second antenna unit 220 can be used as sub-units in a MIMO system.

[0177] It should be understood that the physical length and electrical length of a radiator are related. In one embodiment, the physical length L4 of the first radiator 211 and the physical length L5 of the second radiator 221 satisfy: L4 × 80% ≤ L5 ≤ L4 × 120%.

[0178] It should be understood that the physical length and electrical length of a radiator are related. In one embodiment, the physical length L6 of the first parasitic branch 212 and the physical length L7 of the second parasitic branch 222 satisfy: L6 × 80% ≤ L7 ≤ L6 × 120%.

[0179] In one embodiment, the projections of the first radiator 211 onto the floor (first projection) and the projections of the first parasitic branch 212 onto the floor (third projection) can at least partially overlap along a second direction (e.g., the x-direction), such as... Figure 18 As shown. The first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are arranged parallel but not collinear and only partially overlap along the second direction. For example, the first radiator 211 and the first parasitic branch 212 are misaligned in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction). In one embodiment, the length L8 of the overlapping portion of the projection of the first radiator 211 on the floor (first projection) and the projection of the first parasitic branch 212 on the floor (third projection) in the second direction satisfies the following condition: L9 × 80% ≤ L8.

[0180] In one embodiment, the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are arranged parallel but not collinear and only partially overlap along the second direction. For example, the second radiator 221 and the second parasitic branch 222 are misaligned in the first direction (e.g., the y-direction). In one embodiment, the length L10 of the overlapping portion of the projection of the second radiator 221 on the floor (second projection) and the projection of the second parasitic branch 222 on the floor (fourth projection) in the second direction satisfies the following condition: L11 × 80% ≤ L10.

[0181] In the embodiments of this application, since the radiator / parasitic branch is not necessarily a regular shape, the length of the projection of the radiator / parasitic branch on the floor can be understood as the length of the ground end and the open end of the radiator / parasitic branch in the extension direction of the radiator.

[0182] Figure 19 yes Figure 17 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna element in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0183] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments in this application are only illustrated with the following parameters as examples, and adjustments can be made according to actual needs and designs in practical applications. The first radiator, the first parasitic branch, the second radiator, and the second parasitic branch have the same dimensions, all 15mm × 16mm, and are all 0.5mm away from the floor. The distance L1 between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the distance between the first parasitic branch and the second parasitic branch, are the same, both 3mm. The distance L2 between the first radiator and the first parasitic branch, and the distance L3 between the second radiator and the second parasitic branch, are the same, both 0.3mm.

[0184] like Figure 19 As shown, the first antenna element (S11) and the second antenna element (S22) can generate two resonances using OWM and HWM. With S11 / S22<-4dB as the boundary, the corresponding operating frequency band can include 4.15GHz-4.62GHz.

[0185] Meanwhile, by using the first parasitic branch placed alongside the first radiator and the second parasitic branch placed alongside the second radiator, the coupling strength between the parallel radiators is greater than the coupling strength between the serially placed radiators (between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221), thereby reducing the coupling amount between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0186] Therefore, within the 4.15GHz-4.62GHz range, the isolation between the first and second antenna elements is greater than 12dB (S12 / S21 < -12dB). This meets the isolation requirements between sub-units in a MIMO system, and the first and second antenna elements can be applied to MIMO systems.

[0187] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0188] like Figure 20 As shown, the electronic device 200 includes a conductive frame 11.

[0189] The frame 11 includes a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203, with the third position 203 located between the first position 201 and the second position 202. A gap 204 is formed in the third position 203, and the frame 11 is electrically connected to the floor 230 at the first and second positions 201 and 202. The frame between the first and third positions 201 is the first frame, which can serve as the first radiator 211 in the above embodiment. The frame between the second and third positions 202 is the second frame, which can serve as the second radiator 221 in the above embodiment.

[0190] It should be understood that the distance between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can be understood as the width W2 of the gap 204 opened at the third position 203.

[0191] It should be understood that the technical solution provided in this application embodiment can utilize the conductive frame of the electronic device as a radiator, and set parasitic branches near the frame to achieve the antenna layout method provided in this application embodiment, which can make the antenna layout more compact.

[0192] In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 may be portions of the frame 11 of the electronic device, such as... Figure 20 As shown, this portion of the frame 11 is a conductive frame. In one embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can also be conductors inside the frame 11 of the electronic device (e.g., liquid crystal polymer (LCP)), and this portion of the frame 11 is a non-conductive frame. For example, the frame 11 has a first position and a third position, the third position has a gap, the first position is electrically connected to the ground, and the frame between the first position and the third position is the first frame, which can serve as the first radiator 211. The second radiator 221 can also be understood accordingly.

[0193] In one embodiment, the first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 can be disposed on a bracket within an electronic device, for example, disposed on different bracket bodies respectively, or disposed on the same bracket body in the same plane.

[0194] In one embodiment, the first parasitic branch 212 and the second parasitic branch 222 may be disposed on the back cover of the electronic device, for example, on the surface of the back cover near the mid-frame.

[0195] In one embodiment, the first parasitic segment 212 and the second parasitic segment 222 are sheet-like radiators.

[0196] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 are only used as the conductive frame of the electronic device for illustration. In actual applications, the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221 can also be disposed on the bracket inside the electronic device or on the back cover inside the electronic device. This application does not limit this and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0197] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0198] like Figure 21 As shown, it is similar to Figure 20 The only difference of the electronic device 200 shown is that it does not have a parasitic branch placed alongside the radiator.

[0199] Figure 22 and Figure 23 They are Figure 21 and Figure 20 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna element in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0200] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments in this application are only illustrated with the following parameters as examples, and adjustments can be made according to actual needs and designs in practical applications. The first and second radiators are the same size, with a length L1 of 12 mm. The first and second parasitic nodes are the same size, 10 mm × 20 mm (L2 × W1). The distance W2 (gap width) between the first and second radiators is 6 mm. The distance D between the first and second parasitic nodes is 4 mm.

[0201] like Figure 22 As shown, Figure 21 The S-parameters of the antenna elements. Due to the absence of parallel parasitic stubs, the radiator can only generate a single resonance between 3 GHz and 4.5 GHz (S11 / S22). Furthermore, due to the strong coupling structure between the radiators, the isolation between antenna elements is only about 4.5 dB (S12 / S21), which cannot meet the isolation requirements between sub-units in a MIMO system.

[0202] like Figure 23 As shown, Figure 20The S-parameters of the antenna elements. The first antenna element (S11) and the second antenna element (S22) can generate two resonances using OWM and HWM. With S11 / S22 < -4dB as the boundary, the corresponding operating frequency band can include 3.3GHz-4.1GHz.

[0203] Meanwhile, by using the first parasitic branch placed alongside the first radiator and the second parasitic branch placed alongside the second radiator, the coupling strength between the parallel radiators is greater than the coupling strength between the serially placed radiators (between the first radiator 211 and the second radiator 221), thereby reducing the coupling amount between the first antenna element and the second antenna element.

[0204] Therefore, within the 3.3GHz-4.1GHz range, the isolation between the first and second antenna elements is greater than 10dB (S12 / S21 < -10dB). This meets the isolation requirements between sub-units in a MIMO system, and the first and second antenna elements can be applied to MIMO systems.

[0205] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0206] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0207] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the direct coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0208] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: floor; The first antenna element includes a first radiator, a first parasitic stub, and a first feed element. The first radiator includes a first feed point, and the first feed element is coupled to the first radiator through the first feed point. The second antenna element includes a second radiator, a second parasitic stub, and a second feed element. The second radiator includes a second feed point, and the second feed element is coupled to the second radiator through the second feed point. Wherein, the first end of the first radiator, the second end of the first parasitic branch, the first end of the second radiator, and the second end of the second parasitic branch are all coupled to the grounding of the floor; The second ends of the first radiator and the second radiator are opposite to each other but do not contact each other; The first radiator and the first parasitic branch are placed side by side, and the first end of the first radiator and the second end of the first parasitic branch are grounding terminals set on opposite sides. The second radiator and the second parasitic branch are placed side by side, and the first end of the second radiator and the second end of the second parasitic branch are grounding terminals set on opposite sides.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance L1 between the first radiator and the second radiator, the distance L2 between the first radiator and the first parasitic branch, and the distance L3 between the second radiator and the second parasitic branch satisfy: L1≥L2 or L1≥L3.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first power supply unit is different from the second power supply unit.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The physical length L4 of the first radiator and the physical length L5 of the second radiator satisfy: L4×80%≤L5≤L4×120%.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The physical length L6 of the first parasitic branch and the physical length L7 of the second parasitic branch satisfy: L6×80%≤L7≤L6×120%.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first projection and the third projection extend in a first direction and at least partially overlap in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The first projection is the projection of the first radiator onto the plane of the floor, and the third projection is the projection of the first parasitic branch onto the plane of the floor. The length L8 of the overlapping portion of the first projection and the third projection in the second direction satisfies the following condition: L9 × 80% ≤ L8.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The second projection and the fourth projection extend in the first direction and at least partially overlap in the second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. The second projection is the projection of the second radiator onto the plane of the floor, and the fourth projection is the projection of the second parasitic branch onto the plane of the floor. The length L10 of the overlapping portion of the second projection and the fourth projection in the second direction satisfies the following condition: L11 × 80% ≤ L10.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The second end of the first parasitic segment and the second end of the second parasitic segment are opposite each other but do not touch.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first parasitic segment and the second parasitic segment are arranged in series.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The first projection and the second projection extend along the same straight line in a first direction. The first projection is the projection of the first radiator onto the plane where the floor is located, and the second projection is the projection of the second radiator onto the plane where the floor is located.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a support frame; The first radiator and the second radiator are located on the surface of the support.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a back cover; The first radiator and the second radiator are located on the rear cover.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator are sheet-shaped radiators.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a conductive frame; The border includes a first position, a second position, and a third position, wherein the third position is located between the first position and the second position; The frame has a gap at the third position, and the frame is electrically connected to the floor at the first and second positions; The border between the first position and the third position is the first radiator; The border between the second position and the third position is the second radiator.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a support frame; The first parasitic segment and the second parasitic segment are located on the surface of the support.

16. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a back cover; The first parasitic segment and the second parasitic segment are located on the rear cover.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The first parasitic segment and the second parasitic segment are sheet-like radiators.

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