A single-layer latticed shell support structure for a multi-faceted curtain wall support

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of single-layer latticed shell support structures for polyhedral curtain wall support, comprising: vertical support truss, ring connection truss, polyhedral single-layer latticed shell and overhanging canopy.The beneficial effects of the present application are: the structure system provided by the present application takes vertical support truss and ring connection truss as central support structure, and forms integral force model by polyhedral single-layer latticed shell, which can achieve polyhedral curtain wall modeling and functional requirements under the premise of minimizing self weight and controlling lateral stiffness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural engineering technology, and more specifically, to a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls. Background Technology

[0002] Polyhedral curtain walls are complex, enclosed spaces with partial openings, formed by the interweaving of multiple curtain wall surfaces. With their novel shapes and striking architectural effects, they are widely used in landmark buildings such as commercial complexes or as decorative elements in high-rise building crowns.

[0003] A grid shell structure is a spatial structure based on rods arranged in a grid according to certain rules, forming a shell structure. It combines the properties of rod structures and shell structures, and is suitable for large-span roof structures such as exhibition halls, theaters, and stadiums, as well as load-bearing systems for complex structures.

[0004] For complex multifaceted curtain wall structures, using a single-layer reticulated shell structure with strong spatial adaptability as its supporting structure is a reasonable and effective solution. Although using a single-layer reticulated shell instead of a double-layer reticulated shell sacrifices the stability of the supporting structure to some extent, it provides greater assistance in utilizing the interior space and realizing the architectural effect.

[0005] By using vertical support structures and circumferential connection structures as supports for the grid shell structure, the entire grid shell can be divided into individual load-bearing units while maintaining overall integrity. This is a reasonable solution for buildings where direct connection between the main structure and the grid shell curtain wall is difficult due to the large distance between them.

[0006] Vertical support structures must meet both strength and stiffness requirements while also satisfying aesthetic requirements. Therefore, using a truss structure with high load-bearing capacity, high stiffness, and lightweight construction is a reasonable solution. Maintaining consistency between the truss structure and the grid shell structure ensures overall structural uniformity. The flexible planar shape of the truss structure can also adapt to changes in the facade angle of multi-faceted curtain walls.

[0007] The circumferential connection structure serves to link the overall structure, coordinate deformation, and provide support points for the grid shell structure. Therefore, using a truss structure with high stiffness and lightweight construction can enhance the overall structure while maintaining the consistency of the curtain wall support structure components, and is conducive to the realization of large spans. It also reduces the need for vertical support structures and the main structure, making it a reasonable solution.

[0008] Canopies are commonly found at building entrances, serving to protect against wind and rain. Considering the relatively large out-of-plane stiffness of the horizontally connected truss and the relatively large in-plane stiffness of the single-layered reticulated shell, using simple cantilevered components is a reasonable solution.

[0009] In addition, reticulated shell structures have problems such as complex node connection construction, complex structural stress performance, and large component size, making installation difficult. A reasonable and effective design of vertical support trusses and circumferential connection trusses can divide the overall reticulated shell structure into relatively independent units, which can help implement single-layer reticulated shell structures while meeting the load-bearing capacity and functional requirements of the supports.

[0010] In conclusion, it is essential to study a single-layer reticulated shell structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls and its design method, so as to meet the shape and functional requirements of polyhedral curtain walls that vary along the height direction. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls.

[0012] In a first aspect, a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting a polyhedral curtain wall is provided, comprising: a vertical support truss, a circumferential connecting truss, a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell, and a cantilevered canopy.

[0013] The vertical support trusses are divided into horizontal side vertical support trusses and corner side vertical support trusses according to their arrangement. Each of them includes three components: the main body of the vertical support truss, connecting members, and supports. The vertical support trusses are located between the main structure and the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell and are used to bear vertical and horizontal forces.

[0014] The circumferential connecting truss includes circumferential connecting truss curtain wall side chords, circumferential connecting truss main body side chords, and circumferential connecting truss diagonal web members. The circumferential connecting truss is connected to the vertical support truss and the main structure.

[0015] The polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell includes horizontal bars and diagonal bars, with the shell units supported between circumferential connecting trusses.

[0016] The cantilevered canopy includes inclined vertical poles, horizontal poles, horizontal beams on the side of the cantilevered canopy structure, and sealing edge beams of the cantilevered canopy structure.

[0017] Preferably, the vertical support truss body includes web members, chord members, and stiffening ribs; the web members and the chord members are connected, and the stiffening ribs are provided at the connection nodes to transmit horizontal forces; the web members include top horizontal web members and diagonal web members; the chord members include main body side chord members and curtain wall side chord members;

[0018] The main body of the vertical support truss is connected to the circumferential connecting truss through connecting rods, and the load is transferred to the main structure or the bottom structure through the connecting rods and supports.

[0019] The connecting rods include connecting rods to the curtain wall structure, connecting rods to the main structure, embedded steel plates and anchor bars for connecting to the main structure;

[0020] The support includes a column base shoe, a column base concrete pad, a column base bottom steel plate, column base anchor bolts, an outer concrete protective layer for the column base, and structural steel bars.

[0021] Preferably, the connection between the vertical support truss and the main structure consists of connecting rods to the curtain wall structure, connecting rods to the main structure, embedded steel plates for connecting to the main structure, and anchor bars. The connecting rods to the curtain wall structure, the connecting rods to the main structure, the truss, and the embedded steel plates for connecting to the main structure are all connected by welding, and the bearing capacity of the weld is not less than the bearing capacity of the corresponding connecting component. If the embedded steel plates for connecting to the main structure are not implemented, post-anchoring measures are adopted.

[0022] Preferably, the column base of the vertical support truss is welded to the bottom steel plate of the column base, and a column base shoe is provided to transmit horizontal force. A concrete pad is provided under the bottom steel plate. The bottom steel plate of the column base is connected to the bottom structure by column base anchor bolts, and the column base is provided with an outer concrete protective layer and structural steel bars.

[0023] Preferably, the circumferential connecting truss is kept parallel to the horizontal plane to bear the horizontal load, and multiple circumferential connecting trusses are arranged along the height direction, with the side length of each truss varying with the length of the curtain wall at different heights.

[0024] Preferably, the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is composed of horizontal bars, diagonal bars, and diagonal bars at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges. The horizontal bars and diagonal bars form the basic support unit, which, except for the bottom of the structure, is supported between the side chords of the circumferentially connected truss curtain wall at different elevations. The bottom is sealed by the bottom edge horizontal bar of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell to close the curtain wall support structure. Each curtain wall surface intersects at a specific angle at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges, and the junction is provided with a diagonal bar at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the inclined vertical struts of the cantilevered canopy structure are used to realize local openings in the single-layer reticulated shell structure. The horizontal beams on the reticulated shell side of the cantilevered canopy structure are part of the annular connecting truss and together with the annular connecting truss within the width range of the canopy, they provide out-of-plane stiffness.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell adopts a reticulated shell structure with a certain curvature on each face of the polyhedron; when the curvature of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is continuous, a sphere or ellipsoid is formed.

[0027] In a second aspect, a method for assembling a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting a multi-faceted curtain wall, as described in any of the first aspects, is provided, comprising:

[0028] S1. The chords, web members, and connecting rods of each vertical support truss are assembled separately and connected to the main structure and bottom structure to form a vertical force-bearing system;

[0029] S2. The chords, web members, and connecting rods of each circumferential connecting truss are assembled separately, or assembled in sections according to the side length and support; the assembled circumferential connecting truss is connected to the vertical support truss and the main structure.

[0030] S3. After each polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell unit is assembled, it is connected to the circumferential connecting truss to form the main supporting structure.

[0031] S4. Install the cantilever rods and connecting rods of the cantilevered canopy structure;

[0032] S5. Apply anti-corrosion and fire-retardant coatings according to functional and fire protection requirements.

[0033] Thirdly, the application of a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls, as described in any of the first aspects, in the design and load-bearing of support structures used to realize the shape and function of polyhedral curtain walls.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0035] 1. The single-layer reticulated shell structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls provided by the present invention has a reasonable structural system that can meet the load-bearing and deformation requirements of complex polyhedral building curtain wall support structures. It fully utilizes the high adaptability of the reticulated shell structure to polyhedra and, by leveraging its strong integrity, provides the support structure with high load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance.

[0036] 2. The structural system provided by this invention takes vertical support trusses and circumferential connecting trusses as the central support structure, and forms an overall stress model through a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell. This can achieve the polyhedral curtain wall shape and functional requirements while minimizing self-weight and controlling lateral stiffness.

[0037] 3. The present invention adopts a design calculation method based on the ultimate limit state and the serviceability limit state, and takes into account the influence of temperature stress and initial defects, which can further ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the overall structural system.

[0038] 4. The structural system provided by this invention has clearly defined component modules, clear force transmission, high overall system stiffness, high load-bearing capacity, and obvious shape characteristics, and has broad application prospects in complex polyhedral curtain wall support systems. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell structure used for curtain wall support;

[0040] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of a vertical support truss.

[0041] Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram of a circumferentially connected truss.

[0042] Figure 1d A schematic diagram of a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell;

[0043] Figure 1e This is a schematic diagram of a cantilevered canopy structure.

[0044] Figure 2 for Figure 1a Diagram of the AA section;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 1a Schematic diagram of the cross section of the middle BB;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 1a Schematic diagram of CC section in the middle;

[0047] Figure 5a for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a single vertical support truss at different locations in DD section;

[0048] Figure 5b for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a single vertical support truss at different locations in the EE section;

[0049] Figure 6a for Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the connection nodes at the junctions of the diagonal web members, horizontal web members, and chord members in a single vertical support truss.

[0050] Figure 6b for Figure 1a Schematic diagram of the connection node between the vertical support truss and the chord of the circumferential connecting truss;

[0051] Figure 6c for Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the connection between the single vertical support truss and the main structure;

[0052] Figure 7a for Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the connection node between the single vertical support truss and the rigid support of the bottom concrete structure;

[0053] Figure 7b for Figure 1a Schematic diagram of the construction of a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell node between central ring connecting trusses;

[0054] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the component assembly process for a case study of a multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell curtain wall support structure.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: S101. Top horizontal web member of the horizontal side vertical support truss; S102. Diagonal web member of the horizontal side vertical support truss; S103. Horizontal web member of the horizontal side vertical support truss; S104. Main side chord of the horizontal side vertical support truss; S105. Curtain wall side chord of the horizontal side vertical support truss; S106. Stiffening rib of the horizontal side vertical support truss; S107. Connecting rod between the horizontal side vertical support truss and the curtain wall; S108. Connecting rod between the horizontal side vertical support truss and the main structure; S109. Embedded steel plate connecting the horizontal side vertical support truss and the main structure; S110. Horizontal side vertical support truss The frame is connected to the main structure with pre-embedded steel plate anchor bars; S111. Horizontal side vertical support truss column foot shoe; S112. Horizontal side vertical support truss column foot concrete pad; S113. Horizontal side vertical support truss column foot bottom steel plate; S114. Horizontal side vertical support truss column foot anchor bolts; S115. Horizontal side vertical support truss column foot outer concrete protective layer; S116. Horizontal side vertical support truss column foot outer concrete protective layer structural reinforcement; S201. Corner side vertical support truss top horizontal web member; S202. Corner side vertical support truss diagonal web member; S203. Corner side vertical support truss horizontal... Web members; S204. Side chord of the main body of the corner vertical support truss; S205. Side chord of the curtain wall of the corner vertical support truss; S206. Stiffening rib of the corner vertical support truss; S207. Connecting rod between the corner vertical support truss and the curtain wall; S208. Connecting rod between the corner vertical support truss and the main structure; S209. Embedded steel plate connecting the corner vertical support truss and the main structure; S210. Anchor bar of the embedded steel plate connecting the corner vertical support truss and the main structure; S211. Column foot of the corner vertical support truss; S212. Concrete pad of the column foot of the corner vertical support truss; S213. Corner S214. Steel plate at the bottom of the vertical support truss column base; S215. Anchor bolts for the corner vertical support truss column base; S216. Concrete protective layer for the corner vertical support truss column base; S101. Reinforcing steel for the concrete protective layer of the corner vertical support truss column base; L102. Horizontal bar connecting the circumferential truss to the main structure; L103. Diagonal bar for the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell; L104. Diagonal bar at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell; L105. Horizontal bar sealing the bottom edge of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell; B101. Side chord of the circumferential truss curtain wall; B102. Circumferential connecting truss main body side chord; B103. Circumferential connecting truss diagonal web member; E101. Cantilevered canopy structure diagonal ground vertical member; E102. Cantilevered canopy structure end cantilever horizontal member; E103. Cantilevered canopy structure middle cantilever horizontal member; E104. Cantilevered canopy structure grid shell side horizontal beam; E105. Cantilevered canopy structure sealing edge beam. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The description of the embodiments below is only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] This application provides a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting multi-faceted curtain walls, such as... Figure 1a As shown, it includes: vertical support trusses, circumferential connecting trusses, polyhedral single-layer reticulated shells, and cantilevered canopies;

[0059] The vertical support trusses are divided into horizontal side vertical support trusses and corner side vertical support trusses according to their arrangement. Each of them includes three components: the main body of the vertical support truss, connecting members, and supports. The vertical support trusses are located between the main structure and the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell and are used to bear vertical and horizontal forces.

[0060] The circumferential connecting truss includes a circumferential connecting truss curtain wall side chord B101, a circumferential connecting truss main body side chord B102, and a circumferential connecting truss diagonal web member B103. The circumferential connecting truss is connected to the vertical support truss and the main structure.

[0061] The polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell includes a horizontal bar L102 and an oblique bar L103. The reticulated shell units of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell are supported between circumferential connecting trusses.

[0062] The cantilevered canopy includes an inclined vertical bar E101, a horizontal bar, a horizontal beam E104 on the side of the cantilevered canopy's mesh shell, and a sealing edge beam E105.

[0063] As can be seen, the structural system of this invention has clearly defined components and a clear force transmission mechanism, effectively conforming to the principles of overall force and load-bearing mode. The two sections of the vertical support truss are hinged to the main structure and the bottom structure, respectively, making full use of the high rigidity and high load-bearing capacity of the truss structure. The circumferential connecting truss also utilizes the high rigidity and high load-bearing capacity of the truss structure, enhancing the overall integrity of the structure while providing load-bearing capacity and controlling deformation. The multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell supported by the circumferential truss utilizes the flexibility of its diagonal component spatial arrangement and the high load-bearing capacity of the overall reticulated shell to support the complex multi-faceted curtain wall system.

[0064] Specifically, the main body of the vertical support truss includes web members, chord members, and stiffening ribs; the web members and the chord members are connected, and stiffening ribs (horizontal side vertical support truss stiffening rib S106, corner side vertical support truss stiffening rib S206) are provided at the connection nodes to transmit horizontal forces; the web members include top horizontal web members (horizontal side vertical support truss top horizontal web member S101, horizontal side vertical support truss horizontal web member S103, corner side vertical support truss top horizontal web member). S201, horizontal web members of the corner vertical support truss (S203) and diagonal web members (diagonal web members of the horizontal vertical support truss (S102), diagonal web members of the corner vertical support truss (S202); the chord members include main body side chord members (main body side chord members of the horizontal vertical support truss (S104), main body side chord members of the corner vertical support truss (S204)) and curtain wall side chord members (curtain wall side chord members of the horizontal vertical support truss (S105), curtain wall side chord members of the corner vertical support truss (S205)).

[0065] The main body of the vertical support truss is connected to the circumferential connecting truss via connecting members (horizontal side vertical support truss to curtain wall connecting member S107, corner side vertical support truss to curtain wall connecting member S207), and is connected to the support (horizontal side vertical support truss to main structure connecting member S108, horizontal side vertical support truss to main structure embedded steel plate S109, horizontal side vertical support truss to main structure embedded steel plate anchor bar S110, corner side vertical support truss to main structure connecting member S208, corner side vertical support truss to main structure embedded steel plate S209, corner side vertical support truss to main structure embedded steel plate anchor bar S210) via connecting members (horizontal side vertical support truss column foot shoe S111, horizontal side vertical support). The following components transfer the load to the main structure or bottom structure: S112 (concrete pad at the truss column base), S113 (steel plate at the bottom of the horizontal side vertical support truss column base), S114 (anchor bolts at the horizontal side vertical support truss column base), S115 (concrete protective layer at the external end of the horizontal side vertical support truss column base), S116 (reinforcing steel for the concrete protective layer at the external end of the horizontal side vertical support truss column base), and S211 (stud shoe at the corner vertical support truss column base). It should be noted that the main structure is different from the curtain wall support structure, which is a common auxiliary structure. The main structure often provides the load-bearing points for the curtain wall support structure. The base structure can be part of the main structure, or it can be a separate foundation set up for the transfer of curtain wall loads.

[0066] The connecting rods include connecting rods to the curtain wall structure (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to curtain wall S107, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to curtain wall S207), connecting rods to the main structure (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure S108, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure S208), embedded steel plates connecting to the main structure (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure S109, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure S209), and anchor bars (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure embedded steel plate anchor bar S110, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure embedded steel plate anchor bar S210).

[0067] The support includes column base shoes (horizontal side vertical support truss column base shoes S111, corner side vertical support truss column base shoes S211), column base concrete pads (horizontal side vertical support truss column base concrete pads S112, corner side vertical support truss column base concrete pads S212), column base bottom steel plates (horizontal side vertical support truss column base bottom steel plates S113, corner side vertical support truss column base bottom steel plates S213), and column base anchor bolts (horizontal side vertical support truss column base bottom steel plates S113, corner side vertical support truss column base bottom steel plates S213). Anchor bolts S114 for the support truss column base, anchor bolts S214 for the corner vertical support truss column base, concrete protective layer for the column base (concrete protective layer S115 for the horizontal vertical support truss column base, concrete protective layer S215 for the corner vertical support truss column base), and structural reinforcement (structural reinforcement S116 for the concrete protective layer of the horizontal vertical support truss column base, structural reinforcement S216 for the concrete protective layer of the corner vertical support truss column base).

[0068] The connection between the vertical support truss and the circumferential connecting truss and the main structure consists of connecting members (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting member S107 to curtain wall, corner side vertical support truss connecting member S207 to curtain wall, circumferential connecting truss connecting member L101 to main structure), embedded steel plates (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting member S109 to main structure, corner side vertical support truss connecting member S209 to main structure), and anchor bars (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting member S110 to main structure, corner side vertical support truss connecting member S210 to main structure). All connecting members are welded to the truss and embedded steel plates. The weld bearing capacity should not be less than the bearing capacity of the corresponding connecting member. The anchor bars should be tested for bearing capacity under tension, shear, and bending conditions. If the embedded steel plates are not implemented due to construction errors, post-anchoring measures can be used.

[0069] The column bases of the vertical support truss are welded to the bottom steel plates (bottom steel plates S113 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S213 for corner side vertical support truss column bases), and column base boots (bottom boots S111 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S211 for corner side vertical support truss column bases) are provided to transfer horizontal forces. A concrete pad layer (concrete pad layer S112 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S212 for corner side vertical support truss column bases) is placed under the bottom steel plates. Anchor bolts are used to connect the bottom steel plates to the bottom structure (for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases). The column base is connected by anchor bolts S114 and corner vertical support truss column base anchor bolts S214. The entire column base is encased in concrete (concrete protective layer S115 for horizontal and corner vertical support truss column bases) to prevent direct contact with soil and water, which could cause corrosion. The encased concrete is reinforced with structural steel bars (structural steel bars S116 for horizontal and corner vertical support truss column bases) to prevent foundation cracking.

[0070] The circumferential connecting trusses are parallel to the horizontal plane to bear horizontal loads. Multiple circumferential connecting trusses are arranged along the height direction, and the side length of each truss varies with the length of the curtain wall at different heights. The circumferential trusses are connected to the vertical supporting trusses and the main structure respectively through connecting members (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting member to curtain wall S107, corner side vertical support truss connecting member to curtain wall S207) and connecting members to the main structure (circumferential connecting truss connecting member to main structure L101).

[0071] The polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is composed of a horizontal bar L102, a diagonal bar L103, and a diagonal bar L104 at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges. The horizontal bar L102 and the diagonal bar L103 form the basic support unit, which is supported between the side chords B101 of the circumferential connecting truss curtain wall at different elevations, except for the bottom of the structure. The bottom of the curtain wall support structure is sealed by a horizontal bar L105 at the bottom edge of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell. Each curtain wall surface intersects at a specific angle at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges, and a diagonal bar L104 at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is provided.

[0072] The inclined vertical strut E101 of the cantilevered canopy structure is used to create local openings in the single-layer reticulated shell structure. The horizontal beam E104 on the reticulated shell side of the cantilevered canopy structure is part of the annular connecting truss and, together with the annular connecting truss within the width of the canopy, provides out-of-plane stiffness. The curtain wall surface of the single-layer reticulated shell structure provides in-plane stiffness to control the stress and deformation of the cantilevered canopy components under its own weight and the loads of accumulated dust and water.

[0073] The design concept of this invention is to establish a structural model with vertical support trusses and circumferential connecting trusses as the main support framework, and to form an overall load-bearing model through a multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell curtain wall support structure supported by the circumferential trusses, as well as connecting members, connecting steel plates, anchor bars, boot feet, and other connecting components to the main structure and the bottom foundation. First, the vertical support trusses and circumferential connecting trusses are used as the core to realize the force transmission system between the curtain wall system and the main structure, combined with a multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell to adapt to the support structure of the multi-faceted curtain wall. Second, the effective transfer of loads is achieved through the connection structure with the main structure and the bottom foundation. Finally, through load-bearing capacity and serviceability limit state calculations, and taking into account the effects of temperature and initial defects, the deformation of the system and the stress of the components are controlled to ensure the overall load-bearing performance of the structural system.

[0074] like Figures 1a-1e as well as Figures 2-4 The single-layer reticulated shell structure used to support the polyhedral curtain wall includes a vertical support truss, a circumferential connecting truss, a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell, and a cantilevered canopy. The vertical support truss ( Figure 1b This includes a horizontally-side vertical support truss (5a) and a corner-side vertical support truss (5b). The circumferential connecting truss ( Figure 1c It includes a series of horizontal trusses located at different elevations, with the outer side of the horizontally connected trusses connected to the polyhedral curtain wall shell, and the inner side connected to the vertical support trusses or the main structure; the polyhedral single-layer shell ( Figure 1d According to the arrangement, it can be divided into polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell diagonal braces, polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell horizontal braces, and polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell horizontal and corner diagonal braces. All surfaces of the reticulated shell remain horizontal, and the reticulated shell components are mainly subjected to axial forces; the cantilevered canopy structure ( Figure 1e It includes the cantilevered canopy structure with inclined vertical poles, end cantilevered horizontal poles, middle cantilevered horizontal mesh shell side horizontal beams and sealing edge beams.

[0075] like Figure 1bAs shown in Figures 5 and 6, the vertical support truss is a tubular truss structure supported at both ends by the main structure and the bottom structure, respectively. It consists of three parts: the main body of the vertical support truss, connecting members, and supports. Depending on their location, the vertical support truss is divided into horizontal side vertical support trusses and corner side vertical support trusses. This implementation example has 8 horizontal side vertical support trusses and 4 corner side vertical support trusses. The main body of the vertical support truss consists of chords (horizontal side vertical support truss main body side chord S104, corner side vertical support truss main body side chord S204) and (horizontal side vertical support truss curtain wall side chord S105, corner side vertical support truss curtain wall side chord S205), diagonal web members (horizontal side vertical support truss diagonal web members S102, corner side vertical support truss diagonal web members S202), horizontal web members (horizontal side vertical support truss horizontal web members S103, corner side vertical support truss horizontal web members S104, corner side vertical support truss horizontal web members S105, corner side vertical support truss horizontal web members S102, and corner side vertical support truss horizontal web members S202), and horizontal web members (horizontal side vertical support truss horizontal web members S103, corner side vertical support truss horizontal web members S104, corner side vertical support truss horizontal web members S105 ... The structure consists of horizontal web members (S203), top edge horizontal web members (S101 at the top of the horizontal side vertical support truss, S201 at the top of the corner side vertical support truss), and stiffening ribs (S106 at the top of the horizontal side vertical support truss, S206 at the top of the corner side vertical support truss). The support angle of the diagonal web members is 30°-60°, and the angle of the outer main chord is consistent with the curtain wall arrangement. The stiffening ribs are located at the connection points of the truss members. The connection between the chord members and the diagonal and horizontal web members is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 6a The connecting rods include curtain wall connecting rods (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to curtain wall S107, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to curtain wall S207) and main structure connecting rods (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure S108, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure S208). The connecting rods are welded to the steel structure curtain wall and connected to the concrete main structure using embedded steel plates (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure embedded steel plate S109, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure embedded steel plate S209) and embedded steel plate anchor bars (horizontal side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure embedded steel plate anchor bars S110, corner side vertical support truss connecting rod to main structure embedded steel plate anchor bars S210). For example, the connection of the connecting rods to the main body of the vertical support truss is described in [reference needed]. Figures 6b-6c The support is as follows: Figure 7aAs shown, the structure consists of column base steel plates (s113 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S213 for corner side vertical support truss column bases), column base shoes (s111 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S211 for corner side vertical support truss column bases), a cushion layer (s112 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S212 for corner side vertical support truss column bases), and anchor bolts (s114 for horizontal side vertical support truss column bases and S214 for corner side vertical support truss column bases). The chord members are welded to the column base steel plates and shoes. The bottom steel plates are placed on the cushion layer and connected to the bottom structure via anchor bolts. The bottom structure can be a foundation, beams or slabs of a basement structure, etc. The bottom structure is encased in a concrete protective layer (concrete protective layer S115 for the horizontal side vertical support truss column base and concrete protective layer S215 for the corner side vertical support truss column base), and reinforced with structural steel bars (structural steel bars S116 for the horizontal side vertical support truss column base and structural steel bars S216 for the corner side vertical support truss column base). The structural steel bars should be arranged to avoid the column base to prevent corrosion of the steel structure caused by soil cover, water accumulation, etc. The height of the concrete enclosure should be 100mm above the ground, and the reinforcement ratio of the structural steel bars should not be less than 0.15%.

[0076] like Figure 1c As shown, the circumferential connecting truss is a tubular truss, comprising two chords (circumferential connecting truss curtain wall side chord B101 and circumferential connecting truss main body side chord B102) and web members (circumferential connecting truss diagonal web members B103). The chords are arranged into curtain wall side chords and main body side chords, with diagonal web members between them. The support angle between the web members and the chords is 30°-60°. Each member is perpendicular to the Z-axis, projecting as a polygon on the XY plane. In this implementation, five circumferential connecting trusses are arranged along the height direction from high to low, with each circumferential truss maintained at a single horizontal elevation. The circumferential trusses connect to the curtain wall and main structure or vertical support trusses, transferring loads and enhancing the overall structural integrity.

[0077] like Figure 1d , Figure 7b As shown, the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell uses steel pipe members, including horizontal members (horizontal member L102 of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell) and diagonal members (diagonal member L103 of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell). The bidirectional intersecting diagonal members form X-shaped member units supported within a horizontal circumferential truss. The diagonal members intersect with the horizontal circumferential truss at the intersection of the diagonal web members of the circumferential truss. The horizontal members are supported at the intersection of the diagonal members of the X-shaped member units. The diagonal members form an angle of 30°-60° with the horizontal circumferential truss, consistent with the building curtain wall layout requirements.

[0078] like Figure 1eAs shown, the cantilevered curtain wall includes ground-mounted vertical members (diagonal ground-mounted vertical members E101 of the cantilevered canopy structure), cantilevered members (cantilevered horizontal members at the ends of the cantilevered canopy structure E102, and cantilevered horizontal members in the middle of the cantilevered canopy structure E103), and horizontal beams (horizontal beams on the grid shell side of the cantilevered canopy structure E104, and sealing edge beams E105 of the cantilevered canopy structure). The ground-mounted vertical members mainly serve as sealing components at the openings in the single-layer grid shell below the canopy. The end and middle cantilevered horizontal members are supported by the horizontal beams on the grid shell side of the circumferential connecting truss, and the canopy frame is closed on the outside through the sealing edge beams.

[0079] Example 2:

[0080] Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 of this application provides a more specific single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls, including a vertical support truss, a circumferential connecting truss, a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell, and a cantilevered canopy structure.

[0081] The vertical support truss is divided into horizontal and corner vertical support trusses. The truss shape is trapezoidal or inverted trapezoidal according to the curtain wall layout section. The number and arrangement of the vertical trusses along each side are related to the planar projection of the curtain wall structure. The bottom of the vertical support truss is connected to the bottom structure through the column base structure and its protective structure. The inner and outer chords are connected to the grid shell structure and the main structure, respectively.

[0082] The circumferential connecting truss is perpendicular to the Z-axis. The projections of the inner and outer chords on the XY plane are polygons, and the inner and outer chords are connected by uninterrupted horizontal diagonal braces. Multiple circumferential connecting trusses arranged along the Z-axis connect multiple vertical support trusses into a whole. When the circumferential truss is close to the main structure, it can also be directly connected to the main structure through connecting members. The X and Y coordinates of the connection points of the outer chords of the circumferential connecting trusses at different elevations change along the diagonal braces where the horizontal side and the corner side intersect, and the side lengths change accordingly. The spacing between the inner and outer chords remains consistent.

[0083] The polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell serves as the direct support structure for the curtain wall. The single-layer reticulated shell, composed of horizontal and diagonal bars, is supported between multiple circumferential trusses.

[0084] The cantilevered canopy is located at the entrance of the building, mostly in the middle and lower part of the structure, supported by the outer chord of the circumferential connecting truss. It is composed of cantilevered members and connecting members, and the vertical force is transmitted to the circumferential connecting truss through the cantilevered members. The length of the cantilevered members is determined by the size of the cantilevered members and the function of the building.

[0085] Depending on the distance between the polyhedral building curtain wall and the main structure, vertical support trusses can be removed on one or more sides, and the circumferential connecting trusses can be directly connected to the main structure. The spacing and strength of the connectors are calculated to ensure that the circumferential connecting trusses have sufficient strength and stiffness to prevent excessive deformation of the curtain wall.

[0086] When the inner main structure cannot provide a point of force for the vertical support truss and the circumferential connecting truss, the force mode of the vertical support truss changes and becomes a cantilevered vertical support truss. The spacing of the vertical support truss and the width of the bottom of the truss should be controlled to ensure that the bottom of the vertical support truss can provide sufficient bending bearing capacity.

[0087] When the bottom structure is a steel structure, the vertical support truss can be directly welded to the bottom structure. The weld should meet the requirements of a Class I weld. When the bottom structure is the only point of force application for the support structure, the weld should meet the requirements of a Class I weld.

[0088] When neither the base structure nor the main structure can provide support points, vertical support trusses can be suspended from the upper structure via hangers. It should be noted that compared to connections to the base or main structure, suspension connections have relatively lower reliability and are only suitable for situations with small curtain wall dimensions and light loads.

[0089] The connection between the vertical support truss and the bottom structure should take into account the effects of horizontal forces such as wind and earthquakes, and the bottom support should be designed for bending and shear resistance. If the shear bearing capacity of the support is insufficient, measures such as increasing the support area, adding shear reinforcement or shear keys can be adopted.

[0090] The dimensions of the oblique and horizontal members of the vertical support truss, circumferential connecting truss, and polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell should be determined in conjunction with the construction process requirements and structural stress, and should preferably be kept between 30° and 60°.

[0091] When the curtain wall structure is small in size or the support spacing is close, the circumferential connecting truss can be simplified to a circumferential connecting beam. The connecting beam should preferably be made of steel pipe components to improve its ability to coordinate the overall deformation of the curtain wall support structure.

[0092] The polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell structure can employ a reticulated shell structure with a certain curvature on each face of the polyhedron according to architectural requirements. When the curvature of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is continuous, a sphere or ellipsoid can be formed, and this patent can also meet the needs of spherical or ellipsoidal curtain walls.

[0093] Cantilevered canopies are located at the building entrances and exits, and multiple cantilevered canopies can be added according to the building's functional requirements. At the same time, cantilevering should not be a mandatory option. If conditions permit, vertical members should be added to the cantilevered ends to form a frame or truss structure.

[0094] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same as or similar to those in Embodiment 1 can be referred to each other, and will not be repeated in this application.

[0095] Example 3:

[0096] Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3 of this application provides a specific component assembly method for a multi-faceted curtain wall support structure, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes:

[0097] S1, Horizontal side vertical support truss (Horizontal web member at the top of the horizontal side vertical support truss S101, Diagonal web member of the horizontal side vertical support truss S102, Horizontal web member of the horizontal side vertical support truss S103, Main side chord member of the horizontal side vertical support truss S104, Curtain wall side chord member of the horizontal side vertical support truss S105, Stiffening rib of the horizontal side vertical support truss S106, Connecting rod between the horizontal side vertical support truss and the curtain wall S107, Connecting rod between the horizontal side vertical support truss and the main structure S108, Connecting rod between the horizontal side vertical support truss and the main structure) The following components are included: S109, pre-embedded steel plate for connecting the main structure to the horizontal side vertical support truss; S110, anchor bar for the pre-embedded steel plate connecting the horizontal side vertical support truss to the main structure; S111, shoe foot for the horizontal side vertical support truss column; S112, concrete pad for the horizontal side vertical support truss column; S113, bottom steel plate for the horizontal side vertical support truss column; S114, anchor bolts for the horizontal side vertical support truss column; S115, concrete protective layer for the horizontal side vertical support truss column; S116, structural reinforcement for the concrete protective layer of the horizontal side vertical support truss column; and corner vertical support. Support trusses (top horizontal web member S201 of corner vertical support truss, diagonal web member S202 of corner vertical support truss, horizontal web member S203 of corner vertical support truss, main body side chord member S204 of corner vertical support truss, curtain wall side chord member S205 of corner vertical support truss, stiffening rib S206 of corner vertical support truss, connecting rod between corner vertical support truss and curtain wall S207, connecting rod between corner vertical support truss and main structure S208, embedded steel connecting rod between corner vertical support truss and main structure) S209, S210, S211, S212, S213, S214, S215, S216, S216, S217, S218, S219, S210, S211, S212, S213, S214, S215, S216, S217, S218, S219, S21 ...

[0098] S2. The circumferential connecting truss (circumferential connecting truss curtain wall side chord B101, circumferential connecting truss main body side chord B102, circumferential connecting truss diagonal web member B103) is connected to the vertical support truss and to the main structure through the connecting rod (circumferential connecting truss and main structure connecting rod L101).

[0099] S3, single-layer reticulated shell (multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell horizontal bar L102, multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell diagonal bar L103, multi-faceted single-layer reticulated shell horizontal edge and corner edge intersection diagonal bar L104) are connected to the circumferential connecting truss;

[0100] S4, the cantilevered canopy (the cantilevered canopy structure's inclined ground vertical bar E101, the cantilevered canopy structure's end cantilevered horizontal bar E102, the cantilevered canopy structure's middle cantilevered horizontal bar E103, the cantilevered canopy structure's grid shell side horizontal beam E104, and the cantilevered canopy structure's sealing edge beam E105) is connected to the single-layer grid shell and the circumferential connecting truss.

[0101] The shape and arrangement of the vertical support trusses, the change in top height, the shape and arrangement of the circumferential connecting trusses, the arrangement of the single-layer reticulated shell and the angle of the reticulated shell surface can be appropriately adjusted according to the requirements of the building curtain wall's shape, functional space and boundary conditions, without affecting the composition and assembly method of the components used in this patent for the support structure of multi-faceted curtain walls.

[0102] Compared to the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell curtain wall support structure. Based on vertical support trusses and circumferential connecting trusses, combined with a polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell and connecting components for connection to the main structure and foundation, this integrated curtain wall support structure can meet the aesthetic and functional requirements of large polyhedral curtain walls. The structural system has clearly defined component modules and a clear force transmission mechanism. The overall system possesses advantages such as high load-bearing capacity and strong adaptability to different shapes, effectively conforming to the principles of overall stress and load-bearing mode. The design of the system and components meets the calculation requirements for load-bearing capacity and normal serviceability limits, and takes into account the effects of temperature and initial defects. The deformation of the system is controllable, and the stress level of the components is reasonable, further ensuring the applicability of this patent for polyhedral curtain wall support.

[0103] Specifically, the method provided in this embodiment is the method corresponding to the structure provided in embodiment 1. Therefore, the parts in this embodiment that are the same as or similar to those in embodiment 1 can be referred to each other, and will not be repeated in this application.

Claims

1. A single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls, characterized in that, include: Vertical support trusses, circumferential connecting trusses, polyhedral single-layer reticulated shells, and cantilevered canopies; The vertical support trusses are divided into horizontal side vertical support trusses and corner side vertical support trusses according to their arrangement. Each includes three components: the main body of the vertical support truss, connecting members, and supports. The vertical support trusses are located between the main structure and the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell and are used to bear vertical and horizontal forces. The main body of the vertical support truss includes web members, chord members, and stiffening ribs. The web members and the chord members are connected, and the stiffening ribs are provided at the connection nodes to transfer horizontal forces. The web members include top horizontal web members and diagonal web members. The chord members include main body side chord members and curtain wall side chord members. The main body of the vertical support truss is connected to the circumferential connecting truss through connecting members, and the load is transferred to the main structure or bottom structure through the connecting members and supports. The circumferential connecting truss includes a circumferential connecting truss curtain wall side chord (B101), a circumferential connecting truss main body side chord (B102), and a circumferential connecting truss diagonal web member (B103). The circumferential connecting truss is connected to the vertical support truss and the main structure. The cantilevered canopy includes inclined vertical supports (E101), horizontal supports, horizontal beams on the side of the cantilevered canopy shell (E104), and sealing beams (E105); the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is composed of horizontal supports (L102), inclined supports (L103), and inclined supports (L104) at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges; the horizontal supports (L102) of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell are further composed of horizontal supports (L102), inclined supports (L103), and inclined supports (L104) at the junction of the horizontal and corner edges of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell. 02) and the diagonal bar of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell (L103) form the basic support unit. Except for the bottom of the structure, it is supported between the side chords (B101) of the circumferential connecting truss curtain wall at different elevations. The bottom of the curtain wall support structure is closed by the bottom sealing horizontal bar (L105) of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell. Each curtain wall surface intersects at a specific angle at the boundary between the horizontal edge and the corner edge. The intersection is provided with the diagonal bar (L104) at the boundary between the horizontal edge and the corner edge of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell.

2. The single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rods include connecting rods to the curtain wall structure, connecting rods to the main structure, embedded steel plates and anchor bars for connecting to the main structure; The support includes a column base shoe, a column base concrete pad, a column base bottom steel plate, column base anchor bolts, an outer concrete protective layer for the column base, and structural steel bars.

3. The single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connection between the vertical support truss and the main structure consists of connecting rods to the curtain wall structure, connecting rods to the main structure, embedded steel plates for connecting to the main structure, and anchor bars. The connecting rods to the curtain wall structure, the connecting rods to the main structure, the truss, and the embedded steel plates for connecting to the main structure are all connected by welding. The bearing capacity of the weld is not less than the bearing capacity of the corresponding connecting component. If the embedded steel plates for connecting to the main structure are not implemented, post-anchoring measures are adopted.

4. The single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls according to claim 3, characterized in that, The column bases of the vertical support truss are welded to the bottom steel plates of the column bases, and column base boots are provided to transmit horizontal forces. A concrete pad layer is provided under the bottom steel plates. The bottom steel plates of the column bases are connected to the bottom structure by column base anchor bolts, and the column bases are provided with an outer concrete protective layer and structural steel bars.

5. The single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls according to claim 4, characterized in that, The circumferential connecting trusses are kept parallel to the horizontal plane to bear the horizontal load. Multiple circumferential connecting trusses are arranged along the height direction, and the side length of each truss varies with the length of the curtain wall at different heights.

6. The single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclined vertical struts (E101) of the cantilevered canopy structure are used to create partial openings in the single-layer reticulated shell structure. The horizontal beams (E104) on the reticulated shell side of the cantilevered canopy structure are part of the annular connecting truss and together with the annular connecting truss within the width of the canopy, they provide out-of-plane stiffness.

7. The single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting polyhedral curtain walls according to claim 6, characterized in that, A polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell employs a reticulated shell structure with a certain curvature on each face of the polyhedron; when the curvature of the polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell is continuous, it forms a sphere or ellipsoid.

8. A method for assembling a single-layer reticulated shell support structure for supporting a polyhedral curtain wall as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: S1. The chords, web members, and connecting rods of each vertical support truss are assembled separately and connected to the main structure and bottom structure to form a vertical force-bearing system; S2. The chords, web members, and connecting rods of each circumferential connecting truss are assembled separately, or assembled in sections according to the side length and support; the assembled circumferential connecting truss is connected to the vertical support truss and the main structure. S3. After each polyhedral single-layer reticulated shell unit is assembled, it is connected to the circumferential connecting truss to form the main supporting structure. S4. Install the cantilever rods and connecting rods of the cantilevered canopy structure; S5. Apply anti-corrosion and fire-retardant coatings according to functional and fire protection requirements.

9. The application of a single-layer reticulated shell support structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 for supporting polyhedral curtain walls in the design and load-bearing of support structures used to realize the shape and function of polyhedral curtain walls.

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