A low-carbon cold source cooling system for ultra-deep wellbore

Abstract

The present invention proposes a low-carbon cold source cooling system for ultra-deep shafts, which belongs to the technical field of deep mine cooling and regulation; it includes a geothermal energy exchange subsystem, a cold source delivery pipeline system, a shaft air supply system and a cold water medium heat exchange base station. The geothermal energy exchange subsystem is used to obtain a stable cold source fluid from the constant temperature zone of the earth, and the cold source fluid is delivered to the cold water medium heat exchange base station through the cold source delivery pipeline system; at the same time, the high-temperature surface wind flow is delivered to the cold water medium heat exchange base station through the shaft air supply system. The surface wind flow and the cold source fluid perform convective heat exchange at the cold water medium heat exchange base station, and the cooled surface wind flow is discharged into the deep vertical shaft, taking away the heat in the shaft, and finally discharged to the surface atmosphere, so as to achieve the purpose of ventilation and cooling of ultra-deep shafts. The cooling system of the present invention has the characteristics of low-carbon energy saving, reliable operation, convenient installation and good cooling effect, which greatly reduces the use and consumption of coolants and fossil energy, and conforms to the industrial design concept of low-carbon development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of deep mine cooling and regulation, and specifically relates to an ultra-deep shaft low-carbon cold source cooling system, which is applied to the construction of deep vertical shafts and ventilation cooling after commissioning, and is particularly suitable for metal mine shafts where ventilation cooling must be adopted. Background Art

[0002] As the mining depth of mines continues to increase worldwide, the problem of high temperature heat damage caused by deep mining has become more and more serious. According to the actual on-site data of mines at home and abroad, with the increase of mining depth, the original rock temperature and the wind temperature in the mining area of ​​many mines have increased significantly after reaching the depth, which seriously deteriorates the underground working environment and endangers the health and safety of underground personnel, especially the ventilation and cooling problems during the construction of deep vertical shafts.

[0003] At present, the scale of mine air conditioning and refrigeration systems is getting larger and larger worldwide, and related technologies are developing rapidly. However, in the actual construction, production and operation of many mines, due to the high cooling costs and the constraints of actual technical effects, there is still a lot of room for improvement and optimization. The existing refrigeration equipment for metal mine cooling systems has the characteristics of large size, complex structure, high energy consumption and environmental pollution. Especially when the temperature in the deep mine is too high, the cooling effect and use cost of common air coolers or compression refrigeration can no longer best meet the actual cooling needs during the construction of deep shafts.

[0004] Therefore, developing a low-carbon cold source cooling system for ultra-deep wellbore has practical engineering application significance and good development prospects, which is the original intention and purpose of the design of the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a low-carbon cold source cooling system for ultra-deep shafts, which solves the problem of difficulty in cooling and discharging condensation heat in deep vertical shafts; utilizes the geothermal energy exchange subsystem to obtain stable cold source energy in the earth's constant temperature zone, and sends the obtained cold source fluid to the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face through an insulated water inlet pipeline; the cold source fluid is heat-exchanged with the high-temperature surface airflow sent to the underground through the cold water medium heat exchange base station of the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face, and the cooled surface airflow takes away the heat in the deep vertical shaft and discharges it into the surface atmosphere, thereby cooling the high-temperature airflow of the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face; the hot waste fluid is then discharged to the surface water tank through the hot waste return pipeline for waste heat utilization, which greatly reduces the emission of greenhouse harmful gases caused by refrigeration and cooling.

[0006] In view of this, an ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system of the present invention includes a geothermal energy exchange subsystem, a cold source transmission pipeline system, a wellbore air supply system and a cold water medium heat exchange base station; wherein,

[0007] The geothermal energy exchange subsystem includes a ground unit and a geothermal heat exchanger connected through a transmission pipeline; the ground unit is arranged on the ground surface, and the geothermal heat exchanger is arranged in a constant temperature zone rock layer below the ground surface;

[0008] The cold source transmission pipeline system includes a heat-insulating water inlet pipeline and a hot waste water return pipeline; the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline is connected to the geothermal energy exchange subsystem and the cold water medium heat exchange base station; the hot waste water return pipeline is connected to the cold water medium heat exchange base station and the surface hot waste water tank on the ground;

[0009] The shaft air supply system includes a surface ventilator and a long-distance wind tube, wherein the surface ventilator is arranged on the surface and is connected to the cold water medium heat exchange base station through the long-distance wind tube;

[0010] The cold water medium heat exchange base station is arranged on the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face, and comprises an interactive fin-tube heat exchange device connected to the cold source delivery pipeline system and an underground ventilator connecting the interior of the cold water medium heat exchange base station with the deep vertical shaft.

[0011] The ground unit is provided with a lifting water pump, the cold water medium heat exchange base station is provided with a base station water pump, the hot waste return water pipeline is provided with a deep well high lift water pump, and both ends of the cold source transmission pipeline system are in an open state.

[0012] The heat-insulating water inlet pipeline is arranged along the vertical direction of the well wall of the deep vertical shaft, with a distance from the well wall of 10cm-30cm, and the outer wall of the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline is wrapped with heat-insulating material.

[0013] A pipeline pressure reducing valve is installed at the end of the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline.

[0014] The surface ventilator is a push-in ventilator, and the underground ventilator is an exhaust ventilator.

[0015] The interactive fin-tube heat exchange equipment includes a base station housing, a high-temperature airflow inlet arranged at the upper end of the base station housing, a cooling airflow outlet arranged at the side end of the base station housing, and a fin-tube heat exchanger arranged in the base station housing and placed between the high-temperature airflow inlet and the cooling airflow outlet; the high-temperature airflow inlet is connected to the long-distance wind duct, and the cooling airflow outlet is connected to the underground ventilator; the fin-tube heat exchanger is connected to the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline through the cold source inlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment, and the fin-tube heat exchanger is connected to the hot waste return water pipeline through the cold source outlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment.

[0016] The interactive fin-tube heat exchange equipment also includes a base station temperature-controlled water tank which is arranged in the base station shell and connected to the fin-tube heat exchanger. The fin-tube heat exchanger is connected to one end of the base station temperature-controlled water tank through a base station cold source inlet pipeline and a base station cold source discharge pipeline, respectively. The other end of the base station temperature-controlled water tank is connected to the cold source transport pipeline system through a cold source inlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment and a cold source outlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment.

[0017] The fin-tube heat exchanger includes a heat exchange equipment fin, a heat exchange equipment metal tube inserted on the heat exchange equipment fin, and a heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe and a heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe respectively arranged at both ends of the heat exchange equipment fin; the heat exchange equipment fin is at least one metal sheet placed longitudinally and parallelly; one end of the heat exchange equipment metal tube is connected to the base station cold source inlet pipeline through the heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe, and the other end of the heat exchange equipment metal tube is connected to the base station cold source discharge pipeline through the heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe.

[0018] The heat exchange equipment metal tubes are arranged in at least one row in parallel, and two adjacent heat exchange equipment metal tubes in the same row are connected by a heat exchange equipment metal tube elbow, so that the at least one row of heat exchange equipment metal tubes forms a serpentine pipeline.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The cold source of the present invention mainly comes from the heat conduction effect of the earth's constant temperature zone. Compared with large-scale ground air cooling equipment, the cold source preparation of the present invention does not require fuel combustion, and fully utilizes the energy of the earth itself. Different from the cooling system with high requirements for the quality of the cold source, the cold source of this system only needs to be close to the temperature of the earth's constant temperature zone. Therefore, the system has the characteristics of easy acquisition of cold source, low cost and high specific heat capacity of the medium.

[0020] 2. The geothermal exchanger in the geothermal energy exchange subsystem of the present invention transfers heat to the isothermal zone formation through the principle of heat conduction, and the room temperature fluid source and the geothermal exchanger transfer heat through the principle of heat convection, so as to obtain a stable temperature of the geothermal exchanger and realize the preparation of a stable flow of a cold source. It has the significant advantages of low carbon, environmental protection, stability and energy saving, and greatly reduces the use and consumption of coolants and fossil energy. Compared with other types of underground air-cooling equipment, the present invention solves the problem of difficulty in cooling the deep vertical shaft and discharging condensation heat, reduces the emission of greenhouse harmful gases caused by refrigeration and cooling, and conforms to the industrial design concept of low-carbon development.

[0021] 3. Compared with the traditional large-scale centralized refrigeration system of the mine, which is centralized on the ground, centralized underground or hybrid, the underground cold water medium heat exchange base station in the present invention has the characteristics of easy installation, low maintenance cost and safe operation; it can also be used continuously as the shaft is excavated.

[0022] 4. The interactive fin-tube heat exchange equipment in the cold water medium heat exchange base station of the present invention has the characteristics of large heat exchange area, high efficiency, good heat transfer effect and compact structure, realizing efficient convection heat exchange between the cold source fluid and the high-temperature surface wind flow, and having a good cooling effect.

[0023] 5. The present invention uses a pressure-type surface ventilator and an extraction-type underground ventilator to perform a combined extraction-pressure operation to complete the transportation of surface airflow to the ultra-deep wellbore excavation working face, and the operation is simple.

[0024] 6. The two ends of the cold source transportation pipeline system of the present invention are open but not closed. The lifting water pump in the geothermal energy exchange subsystem, the base station water pump in the base station temperature control water tank of the cold water medium heat exchange base station and the deep well high-lift water pump on the hot waste return pipeline are used to enable the cold source of the entire system to complete continuous circulation, provide the driving force for the transportation of the cold source fluid, and ensure reliable system operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a front schematic diagram of the fin-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a side schematic diagram of the fin-tube heat exchanger of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. deep vertical shaft; 2. ultra-deep shaft excavation working face; 31. ground surface; 32. variable temperature zone; 33. constant temperature zone; 34. warming zone; 4. geothermal energy exchange subsystem; 41. ground unit; 42. transmission pipeline; 43. geothermal exchanger; 51. heat insulation water inlet pipeline; 51a. pipeline pressure reducing valve; 52. hot waste return pipeline; 52a. deep well high-lift water pump; 53. cold source fluid operation line; 61. surface ventilator; 62. long-distance wind tube; 7. cold water medium heat exchange base station; 71. interactive fin-tube heat exchange equipment; 711. base station shell; 712. base station base; 713. high-temperature air flow inlet; 7131. high-temperature air flow pressed into the ground surface; 714. Cooling airflow outlet; 7141. Cooling airflow after cooling of the base station; 715. Fin-tube heat exchanger; 7151. Fins of heat exchange equipment; 7152. Cooling direction; 7153. Metal pipes of heat exchange equipment; 7154. Metal pipe elbows of heat exchange equipment; 7155. Number of rows of metal pipes of heat exchange equipment; 7156. Cold source inlet pipe of heat exchange equipment; 7157. Cold source outlet pipe of heat exchange equipment; 716. Cold source inlet pipeline of base station; 717. Cold source outlet pipeline of base station; 718. Temperature-adjusting water tank of base station; 72. Cold source inlet of fin-tube heat exchange equipment; 73. Cold source outlet of fin-tube heat exchange equipment; 74. Underground ventilator; 75. Airflow direction of shaft; 8. Surface hot waste water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the system design scheme in the embodiments of the present invention. It is worth noting that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system of the present invention is used for ventilation and cooling in a deep vertical wellbore 1, and includes a geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4, a cold source transmission pipeline system, a wellbore air supply system and a cold water medium heat exchange base station 7.

[0032] The present invention utilizes the low-temperature rock layers in the constant temperature zone 33 of the earth's crust (the rock layer temperature in the constant temperature zone 33 is generally 13°C-15°C) to cool the normal-temperature fluid source on the surface 31 through the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4. The cold source fluid obtained in this way serves as a stable and environmentally friendly energy source for the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system. Normally, a normal-temperature water source from the surface 31 is selected as the normal-temperature fluid source. Under the joint action of the geothermal flow field and the surface atmosphere, the original rock temperature is divided into three layers along the vertical direction from the surface 31 to the center of the earth, namely, the variable temperature zone 32, the constant temperature zone 33 and the warming zone 34; from the variable temperature zone 32 to the warming zone 34, the influence of the surface atmosphere gradually weakens, while the influence of the geothermal flow field gradually increases, and in the constant temperature zone 33, the influences of the geothermal flow field and the surface atmosphere tend to be balanced. Therefore, the main reason for selecting the constant temperature zone 33 as the cold source of the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system is that the rock layer temperature in the constant temperature zone 33 changes slowly and stably, and is not affected by the seasonal changes and climate of the surface temperature 31, which has important engineering and scientific value for the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system to obtain stable low-carbon energy.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4 is understood as an air conditioning system that uses the constant temperature zone 33 to stabilize the temperature energy for heat exchange, which is used to cool the normal temperature fluid source from the ground surface 31 to obtain the cold source fluid. The geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4 includes a ground unit 41, a transmission pipeline 42 and a geothermal exchanger 43. The ground unit 41 is connected to the geothermal exchanger 43 through the transmission pipeline 42. The ground unit 41 is arranged on the ground surface 31, and the lifting water pump in the ground unit 41 provides power for the fluid in the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4; preferably, a chiller is provided in the ground unit 41 to assist in cooling to ensure the stability of the cold source fluid. The specific setting is set according to the actual temperature of the constant temperature zone 33 in the area where the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system is used to ensure that the obtained cold source fluid reaches the actual temperature required by the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system. The geothermal exchanger 43 is arranged in the rock layer of the constant temperature zone 33 below the ground surface 31. The burial depth of the geothermal exchanger 43 is determined according to the depth of the constant temperature zone 33 in different regions. Preferably, the geothermal exchanger 43 is buried in the constant temperature zone 33 at a depth of 15m-30m below the ground surface 31. The transmission pipeline 42 includes a transmission inlet and a transmission loop. The normal temperature fluid source from the ground surface 31 is sent to the geothermal exchanger 43 buried in the constant temperature zone 33 by the transmission inlet. The geothermal exchanger 43 contacts the soil, rock and groundwater in the constant temperature zone 33, so that the overall temperature of the geothermal exchanger 43 is the same as the ambient temperature of the constant temperature zone 33. The normal temperature fluid source and the geothermal exchanger 43 perform heat transfer, thereby realizing the cooling of the normal temperature fluid source and obtaining the cold source fluid. The cold source fluid is sent back to the ground unit 41 through the transmission loop.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the cold source transmission pipeline system includes a heat insulation water inlet pipeline 51 and a hot waste water return pipeline 52. The heat insulation water inlet pipeline 51 connects the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4 and the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 on the ultra-deep well excavation working face 2, and the hot waste water return pipeline 52 connects the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 and the surface hot waste water tank 8 set on the surface 31; Figure 1 The cold source fluid obtained in the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4 is sent to the ultra-deep wellbore excavation working face 2 through the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline 51 in the direction shown by the cold source fluid running line 53, and the hot waste fluid after the cold source fluid is heated by heat exchange is discharged to the surface hot waste water tank 8 through the hot waste return pipeline 52.

[0035] The thermal insulation water inlet pipe 51 is arranged along the vertical direction of the wall of the deep vertical shaft 1, and the distance from the wall is 10cm-30cm; in order to minimize the loss of cold during the transmission process, the outer wall of the thermal insulation water inlet pipe 51 is wrapped with insulation material to reduce the convective heat transfer coefficient between the thermal insulation water inlet pipe 51 and the hot air flow in the deep vertical shaft 1 during the transmission process; in view of the special and complex environment of the deep vertical shaft 1, the insulation material selected for the thermal insulation water inlet pipe 51 is polyurethane foam plastic or silica nanogel felt. Polyurethane foam plastic and silica nanogel felt are both flame-retardant insulation materials for mining, and have the characteristics of low thermal conductivity, fire resistance, non-combustion, long service life and abundant sources.

[0036] A pipeline pressure reducing valve 51a is installed at the end of the thermal insulation water inlet pipeline 51 to reduce the pipeline pressure caused by long-distance transportation of the cold source fluid and protect the thermal insulation water inlet pipeline 51; a deep well high-lift water pump 52a is installed at the end of the hot waste return pipeline 52 to provide fluid power for the hot waste fluid so that it can be smoothly discharged to the surface hot waste water tank 8.

[0037] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the shaft air supply system includes a surface ventilator 61 and a long-distance wind tube 62. The surface ventilator 61 is arranged on the ground surface 31, preferably a push-in ventilator, which is connected to the high-temperature wind flow inlet 713 of the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 through the long-distance wind tube 62, and the high-temperature surface wind flow is pressed from the surface ventilator 61 into the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7. The long-distance wind tube 62 is arranged along the vertical direction of the shaft wall of the deep vertical shaft 1, and is used to guide the high-temperature surface wind flow to flow into the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 includes an interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 connected to the cold source transport pipeline system and an underground ventilator 74 that connects the interior of the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 with the deep vertical shaft 1. The interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 is arranged in the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7, and the underground ventilator 74 is arranged on the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7. Specifically, the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 is connected to the heat insulation water inlet pipeline 51 through the cold source inlet 72 of the fin-tube heat exchange device, and the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 is connected to the hot waste water return pipeline 52 through the cold source outlet 73 of the fin-tube heat exchange device. The heat exchange between the cold source fluid and the high-temperature surface wind flow sent into the well is completed inside the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71. The heat in the high-temperature surface wind flow is transferred to the cold source fluid through convection heat transfer, so that the high-temperature surface wind flow is cooled, and then the cooled surface wind flow is blown into the deep vertical shaft 1 through the underground ventilator 74 to ventilate and cool the deep vertical shaft 1. Preferably, the underground ventilator 74 is an exhaust ventilator.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 includes a base station housing 711, a high-temperature airflow inlet 713 provided at the upper end of the base station housing 711, a cooling airflow outlet 714 provided at the side end of the base station housing 711, a fin-tube heat exchanger 715 provided in the base station housing 711 and placed between the high-temperature airflow inlet 713 and the cooling airflow outlet 714, and a base station temperature-adjusting water tank 718 connected to the fin-tube heat exchanger 715. The base station housing 711 fixes the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 on the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face 2 through the base station base 712. The high-temperature airflow inlet 713 is connected to the surface ventilator 61 provided on the surface 31 through the long-distance wind tube 62, and the high-temperature surface airflow is arranged according to Figure 2 The high-temperature airflow 7131 is pressed into the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 from the high-temperature airflow inlet 713; the cooling airflow outlet 714 is connected to the underground ventilator 74 to cool the surface airflow in the direction shown in FIG. Figure 2 The cooling airflow 7141 after cooling the middle base station is discharged from the cooling airflow outlet 714 through the underground ventilator 74 into the deep vertical shaft 1, and is discharged according to the cooling airflow outlet 714. Figure 1The direction indicated by the middle shaft wind flow running direction 75 flows in the deep shaft 1 and is finally discharged from the wellhead to the atmosphere of the ground surface 31. At the same time, the heat of the hot wind flow in the deep shaft 1 is also transferred to the surface wind flow and is brought to the atmosphere of the ground surface 31, thereby achieving the purpose of ventilation and cooling of the deep shaft 1. Preferably, the fin-tube heat exchanger 715 is arranged between the high-temperature wind flow inlet 713 and the cooling wind flow outlet 714 at an inclined angle of 45°, and the high-temperature surface wind flow flowing in from the high-temperature wind flow inlet 713 passes through the fin-tube heat exchanger 715 for cooling. The fin-tube heat exchanger 715 is connected to one end of the base station temperature-controlled water tank 718 through the base station cold source inlet pipeline 716 and the base station cold source discharge pipeline 717. The other end of the base station temperature-controlled water tank 718 is connected to the cold source transportation pipeline system through the fin-tube heat exchange equipment cold source inlet 72 and the fin-tube heat exchange equipment cold source outlet 73; the base station temperature-controlled water tank 718 is used to control the temperature of the cold source fluid and compensate for the loss of cold caused by long-distance transportation; the base station temperature-controlled water tank 718 is provided with a base station water pump for providing power to the fluid.

[0040] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the fin-tube heat exchanger 715 includes a heat exchange device fin 7151, a heat exchange device metal tube 7153 inserted in the heat exchange device fin 7151, and a heat exchange device cold source inlet pipe 7156 and a heat exchange device cold source outlet pipe 7157 respectively arranged at both ends of the heat exchange device fin 7151. Figure 4As shown, the heat exchanger fin 7151 is at least one metal sheet placed in parallel in the longitudinal direction, the distance between two adjacent heat exchanger fins 7151 is 4 mm, and the thickness of the heat exchanger fin 7151 is 0.35 mm. The flow field between the heat exchanger fins 7151 is parallel to the direction of the high-temperature wind flow 7131 pressed into the ground, and the cooling direction 7152 is in the same direction as the direction of the high-temperature wind flow 7131 pressed into the ground, so that the contact area between the surface wind flow and the heat exchanger fin 7151 is maximized to improve the cooling efficiency. The heat exchange equipment metal tubes 7153 are arranged in at least one row in parallel, and the angle between the heat exchange equipment metal tubes 7153 and the heat exchange equipment fins 7151 is 90°. Two adjacent heat exchange equipment metal tubes 7153 in the same row are connected by a heat exchange equipment metal tube elbow 7154, so that the heat exchange equipment metal tubes 7153 form a serpentine pipeline from top to bottom; one end of the serpentine pipeline is connected to the heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe 7156, and the other end of the serpentine pipeline is connected to the heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe 7157; the number of rows of metal tubes 7155 of the heat exchange equipment is designed and changed according to the actual temperature of the high-temperature surface airflow, so that the cooled surface airflow reaches the benchmark that meets the cooling requirements of the deep vertical shaft 1; different pipe row arrangements of the heat exchange equipment metal tubes 7153 make the surface airflow cooled by the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 reach different temperature results required for cooling the deep vertical shaft 1, adapting to a wide range of temperature adjustment ranges. Preferably, the heat exchange equipment metal pipe 7153 is made of copper or titanium alloy; the heat exchange equipment metal pipe elbow 7154 is made of copper or titanium alloy. The heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe 7156 is connected to the base station cold source inlet pipeline 716, and the heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe 7157 is connected to the base station cold source outlet pipeline 717; the cold source fluid flows from the base station cold source inlet pipeline 716 through the heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe 7156 into the heat exchange equipment metal pipe 7153, and turns at the heat exchange equipment metal pipe elbow 7154, forming a serpentine loop from top to bottom, and finally flows from the heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe 7157 through the base station cold source outlet pipeline 717 into the hot waste water return pipeline 52. This cold source pipeline arrangement method maximizes the heat transfer rate between the heat exchanger fins 7151 and the heat exchanger metal tubes 7153 and expands the heat-affected range of the heat exchanger fins 7151, thereby ensuring the effective cooling distance of the flow field between the heat exchanger fins 7151.

[0041] The working principle of the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system of this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] The geothermal heat exchanger 43 in the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4 of the present invention transfers heat to the rock layer of the constant temperature zone 33 through the principle of heat conduction, and the normal temperature fluid source from the surface 31 transfers heat to the geothermal heat exchanger 43 through the principle of heat convection, thereby obtaining a stable temperature of the geothermal heat exchanger 43, cooling the normal temperature fluid source, and realizing the preparation of a cold source stable flow, that is, a cold source fluid;

[0043] In the present invention, the heat transfer between the cold source fluid and the high-temperature surface airflow sent into the well is completed in the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 by using the convection heat transfer principle, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the high-temperature surface airflow;

[0044] The cold source delivery pipeline system of the present invention is open at both ends and not closed, and utilizes the lifting water pump in the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4, the base station water pump in the base station temperature regulating water tank 718 of the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7, and the deep well high-lift water pump 52a on the hot waste water return pipeline 52 to enable the cold source fluid of the entire system to complete continuous circulation, providing the driving force for the delivery of the cold source fluid;

[0045] The present invention uses the pressure-type surface ventilator 61 of the shaft air supply system and the extraction-type underground ventilator 74 of the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 to perform a combined extraction and pressure operation to complete the transportation of high-temperature surface air to the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face 2.

[0046] The working process of the ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system of this embodiment is as follows:

[0047] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the geothermal energy exchange subsystem 4 is used to obtain stable cold source fluid from the earth's constant temperature zone 33, and the cold source fluid is sent to the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 of the ultra-deep wellbore excavation working face 2 through the cold source transmission pipeline system. At the same time, the high-temperature surface wind flow is sent to the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7 through the wellbore air supply system. The high-temperature surface wind flow and the cold source fluid undergo convective heat exchange in the interactive fin-tube heat exchange device 71 of the cold water medium heat exchange base station 7, and the heat in the high-temperature surface wind flow is transferred to the cold source fluid. The hot waste fluid after the cold source fluid is heated by heat exchange is discharged to the surface hot waste water tank 8 through the hot waste return pipeline 52; the cooled surface wind flow is discharged into the deep vertical wellbore 1 by the underground ventilator 74, according to Figure 1 The wind flow in the middle shaft flows in the direction indicated by the running direction 75 , and the cooled surface wind flow takes away the heat in the deep vertical shaft 1 , and is finally discharged from the wellhead to the surface atmosphere, thus completing the ventilation and cooling of the deep vertical shaft 1 .

Claims

1. An ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system, characterized in that: It includes geothermal energy exchange subsystem, cold source transmission pipeline system, wellbore air supply system and cold water medium heat exchange base station; among which, The geothermal energy exchange subsystem includes a ground unit and a geothermal heat exchanger connected through a transmission pipeline; the ground unit is arranged on the ground surface, and the geothermal heat exchanger is arranged in a constant temperature zone rock layer below the ground surface; The cold source transmission pipeline system includes a heat-insulating water inlet pipeline and a hot waste water return pipeline; the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline is connected to the geothermal energy exchange subsystem and the cold water medium heat exchange base station; the hot waste water return pipeline is connected to the cold water medium heat exchange base station and the surface hot waste water tank on the ground; The shaft air supply system includes a surface ventilator and a long-distance wind tube, wherein the surface ventilator is arranged on the surface and is connected to the cold water medium heat exchange base station through the long-distance wind tube; The cold water medium heat exchange base station is arranged on the ultra-deep shaft excavation working face, and comprises an interactive fin-tube heat exchange device connected to the cold source delivery pipeline system and an underground ventilator connecting the interior of the cold water medium heat exchange base station with the deep vertical shaft.

2. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ground unit is provided with a lifting water pump, the cold water medium heat exchange base station is provided with a base station water pump, the hot waste return water pipeline is provided with a deep well high lift water pump, and both ends of the cold source transmission pipeline system are in an open state.

3. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat-insulating water inlet pipeline is arranged along the vertical direction of the well wall of the deep vertical shaft, with a distance from the well wall of 10cm-30cm, and the outer wall of the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline is wrapped with heat-insulating material.

4. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pipeline pressure reducing valve is installed at the end of the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline.

5. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface ventilator is a push-in ventilator, and the underground ventilator is an exhaust ventilator.

6. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interactive fin-tube heat exchange equipment includes a base station housing, a high-temperature airflow inlet arranged at the upper end of the base station housing, a cooling airflow outlet arranged at the side end of the base station housing, and a fin-tube heat exchanger arranged in the base station housing and placed between the high-temperature airflow inlet and the cooling airflow outlet; the high-temperature airflow inlet is connected to the long-distance wind duct, and the cooling airflow outlet is connected to the underground ventilator; the fin-tube heat exchanger is connected to the heat-insulating water inlet pipeline through the cold source inlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment, and the fin-tube heat exchanger is connected to the hot waste return water pipeline through the cold source outlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment.

7. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The interactive fin-tube heat exchange equipment also includes a base station temperature-controlled water tank which is arranged in the base station shell and connected to the fin-tube heat exchanger. The fin-tube heat exchanger is connected to one end of the base station temperature-controlled water tank through a base station cold source inlet pipeline and a base station cold source discharge pipeline, respectively. The other end of the base station temperature-controlled water tank is connected to the cold source transport pipeline system through a cold source inlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment and a cold source outlet of the fin-tube heat exchange equipment.

8. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The fin-tube heat exchanger includes a heat exchange equipment fin, a heat exchange equipment metal tube inserted on the heat exchange equipment fin, and a heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe and a heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe respectively arranged at both ends of the heat exchange equipment fin; the heat exchange equipment fin is at least one metal sheet placed longitudinally and parallelly; one end of the heat exchange equipment metal tube is connected to the base station cold source inlet pipeline through the heat exchange equipment cold source inlet pipe, and the other end of the heat exchange equipment metal tube is connected to the base station cold source discharge pipeline through the heat exchange equipment cold source outlet pipe.

9. The ultra-deep wellbore low-carbon cold source cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat exchange equipment metal tubes are arranged in at least one row in parallel, and two adjacent heat exchange equipment metal tubes in the same row are connected via a heat exchange equipment metal tube elbow, so that the at least one row of heat exchange equipment metal tubes forms a serpentine pipeline.

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