A method for reducing water in situ drought of epiphytic vascular plants

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of epiphytic vascular plant drought water reduction experiment, and discloses a method for epiphytic vascular plant in-situ drought water reduction, by selecting trees with the same diameter at breast height, and having abundant epiphytic vascular plants on the trunks of the trees; sequentially arranging connected fog blocking devices, rain blocking devices and trunk runoff interception devices from bottom to top on the trunks of the trees; after fixing the fog blocking device on the trunks, striping of different degrees is performed on the fog blocking device; after fixing the rain blocking device on the trunks, holes are evenly punched around the rain blocking device to ensure uniform water acquisition and air circulation in the rain blocking device, and the area of ​​each hole is consistent. The invention not only ensures that the growth environment of epiphytic vascular plants is consistent before and after drought, but also avoids the damage of drought transplantation experiments to epiphytic vascular plants, and better solves the adverse effects of transplanting the drought water reduction experiment of epiphytic vascular plants to plants when it is transplanted to an indoor laboratory, and improves the accuracy of the experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drought water reduction experiments on epiphytic vascular plants, and in particular relates to a method for conducting in-situ drought water reduction experiments on epiphytic vascular plants. Background Art

[0002] Epiphytes usually refer to a type of autotrophic plant group that depends entirely or most of its life history on other hosts, but does not absorb water and nutrients from the host and has no contact with the ground soil. They are an important and special group of organisms in mountain forest ecosystems.

[0003] So far, in the existing drought research on epiphytic vascular plants, the method used is mostly to transfer epiphytic vascular plants from the field to the laboratory for drought control experiments, which is a displacement experiment of epiphytic vascular plants, rather than an in-situ experiment. The displacement experiment of epiphytic vascular plants will damage the environment suitable for the survival of the plants, and the plants themselves will also be damaged during the displacement process. The growth environment of the displaced plants in the indoor laboratory is quite different from the resources obtained by their in-situ growth in the wild, and there will be corresponding deviations in the experimental results. In-situ water reduction experiments on epiphytic vascular plants can allow epiphytic vascular plants to be subjected to drought control experiments on the basis of their original growth environment, which can make the experimental results more accurate. The water sources of epiphytic vascular plants attached to the trunks in the forest canopy are mainly vertical rainfall, fog water floating around, and vertical runoff on the trunks. In order to conduct drought water reduction control experiments on epiphytic vascular plants, the designed drought device intercepts these three types of precipitation to conduct drought research on epiphytic vascular plants.

[0004] Based on the above situation, there is an urgent need for a simple, convenient and suitable method for epiphytic vascular plants to conduct in situ drought and water reduction control experiments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes an in-situ drought water reduction method for epiphytic vascular plants, which can improve the experimental accuracy and avoid the damage of drought transplantation experiments to epiphytic vascular plants.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for in-situ drought water reduction of epiphytic vascular plants, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: select trees with the same diameter at breast height, and the trunks of the trees have abundant epiphytic vascular plants;

[0008] Step S2: A fog shielding device, a rain shielding device and a trunk runoff intercepting device are sequentially connected on the trunks of the trees from bottom to top; the fog shielding device is used to shield the fog and water around the forest, the rain shielding device is used to shield the vertical rainfall in the forest, and the trunk runoff intercepting device is used to shield the vertical runoff of the trunks in the forest;

[0009] Step S3: After the mist blocking device is fixed on the tree trunk, stripes are made on the mist blocking device to different degrees, so as to achieve different degrees of water reduction;

[0010] Step S4: After the rain shield is fixed on the tree trunk, holes are evenly punched around the rain shield to ensure that the rain shield has even water intake and air circulation, and the area of ​​each hole is consistent.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the fog blocking device is composed of a wire mesh and a transparent plastic rain shield, and is used to block fog and water around the forest.

[0012] Preferably, the wire mesh is used to completely surround the trunk of the tree with epiphytic vascular plants, and the wire mesh is fixed to the trunk with stainless steel nails. The fixed wire mesh is in an arched shape and cylindrical to avoid affecting the normal growth of the epiphytic vascular plants.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, the transparent plastic rain shield is covered on the wire mesh to prevent fog and water from entering without blocking light. After the fog blocking device is installed, the surface area of ​​the transparent plastic rain shield is used as a reference to make stripes to different degrees, thereby achieving different degrees of water reduction.

[0014] Preferably, the ratio of the area of ​​the strips scratched out on the entire rain shield to the area of ​​the fog and water blocked is 20% to 80%: 80% to 20%. For example, to block 20% of the fog and water, 80% of the strips of the entire rain shield area need to be scratched out.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the rain shielding device is composed of a transparent plastic rain shielding cloth and a transparent adhesive tape, and is used to shield vertical rainfall in the forest.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the transparent plastic rain shield is fixed to the tree trunk with transparent tape in a cone shape and connected to the fog shield device; similarly to the fog shield device, different degrees of holes are punched based on the surface area of ​​the transparent plastic rain shield, and holes are punched evenly around the rain shield device to ensure uniform moisture acquisition and air circulation in the entire rain shield device. The area of ​​each hole is consistent, and different degrees of rain shielding are achieved by different numbers of holes.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of the area of ​​the holes on the entire rainproof cloth to the area of ​​the rainproof cloth is 20% to 80%: 80% to 20%. For example, if 20% of the rain is blocked, the required area of ​​the holes is 80% of the total area of ​​the rainproof cloth.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the tree trunk runoff interception device is composed of foam glue, plastic wrap and tape, and is used to block the vertical runoff of tree trunks in the forest.

[0019] Preferably, since the foam glue has the function of filling gaps, the foam glue is sprayed on the top of the trunk runoff interception device to fill the gaps and intercept the trunk runoff. The trunk is wrapped with plastic wrap under the foam glue and fixed with tape to further prevent the flow of water, thereby achieving the purpose of intercepting the trunk runoff.

[0020] The epiphytic vascular plant in-situ drought water reduction method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The method adopted by the present invention not only ensures that the growth environment of epiphytic vascular plants before and after drought is consistent, but also avoids the damage to epiphytic vascular plants caused by drought transplantation experiments.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a new option for drought water reduction experiments on epiphytic vascular plants, which better solves the adverse effects on plants when the drought water reduction experiments on epiphytic vascular plants are transplanted to indoor laboratories, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiments.

[0023] 3. The drought device used in the method of the present invention includes a fog blocking device, a rain blocking device and a tree trunk runoff interception device, which is not only simple in structure, easy to use and low in cost, but can also simultaneously perform drought water reduction control of rainwater, fog water and tree trunk runoff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drought device in the epiphytic vascular plant in-situ drought water reduction method of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Foam rubber in the tree trunk runoff interception device; 2. Tree trunk runoff interception device; 3. Rain shielding device (rain shielding cloth and tape); 4. Mist shielding device (wire mesh and rain shielding cloth). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The features and advantages of the present invention can be further understood by the following detailed description. The examples provided are only for the purpose of illustrating the method of the present invention and are not intended to limit the remainder of the present invention in any way. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The method for in-situ drought reduction of epiphytic vascular plants of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) Selection of host trees: host trees with uniform diameter at breast height and abundant epiphytic vascular plants (orchids) on their trunks;

[0030] (2) Install a drought device on the tree trunk: Figure 1 As shown, a fog shield, a rain shield and a trunk runoff interception device are sequentially arranged on the trunk from bottom to top; the fog shield 4 is composed of a wire mesh and a transparent plastic rain shield; the rain shield 3 is composed of a transparent plastic rain shield and a transparent tape; the trunk runoff interception device 2 is composed of a foam glue 1, a plastic wrap and a tape;

[0031] (3) Mist and water shielding: Cover the wire mesh with a transparent plastic rain shield to prevent the entry of mist and water without blocking light. After installing the mist and water shielding device, use the surface area of ​​the rain shield as a reference to make stripes of different degrees, measure the area of ​​the rain shield, and use a knife to cut a notch in the strip on the rain shield. 1-the area of ​​the notch in the rain shield / the total area is the mist and water shielding strength of the rain shield. Set up 4 mist and water shielding gradients (control, 20% shielding, 50% shielding, 80% shielding). Repeat 2 times for each gradient;

[0032] (4) Rain shielding: A plastic transparent rain shield is fixed to the tree trunk with tape in a cone shape and connected to the fog shielding device. Based on the surface area of ​​the plastic rain shield, different degrees of holes are punched, and the size of each hole is the same, so as to achieve different degrees of rain shielding. Four rain shielding gradients are set (control, 20% shielding, 50% shielding, 80% shielding). Use a rain shield (transparent plastic rain shield), measure the area of ​​the rain shield, and punch holes in the rain shield to obtain the rain area. Then 1-the area of ​​the rain shield holes / the total area is the strength of the rain shield to shield rain. For example, 80% rain shielding strength means that the area of ​​the rain shield holes accounts for 20% of the area of ​​the rain shield. Two replicates are performed for each gradient.

[0033] (5) Blocking tree trunk runoff: Since foam glue has the function of filling gaps, spray foam glue on the top of the device to fill the gaps and intercept tree trunk runoff. Wrap the tree trunk with plastic wrap under the foam glue and fix it with tape to further prevent the flow of water.

[0034] In this embodiment, an in-situ drought and water reduction experiment of epiphytic vascular plants was carried out in the tropical cloud forest of Bawangling area of ​​Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, China from December 2022 to October 2023. By taking the epiphytic vascular plant community on the trunks in the tropical cloud forest as the research object, host trees with similar diameter at breast height and height were selected, and rich epiphytic vascular plants were distributed on the host trunks. A double-factor drought experiment of rain and fog water was set up for drought, each with 3 treatments (blank, 20% shading, 80% shading), and 2 replicates for each drought gradient. Two temperature and humidity meters (HOBO ware) were hung in the epiphytic vascular plant community under each gradient, and the temperature and humidity data of the epiphytic vascular plant community under different drought gradients were collected in February (dry season) and October (wet season) in 2023. The humidity differences of the epiphytic vascular plant community under different drought gradients were compared by two-way analysis of variance. The results showed that different droughts of rain and fog had a significant effect on the humidity of epiphytic vascular plant communities (P<0.05) (as shown in Tables 1 and 2). In the dry season, the main source of water in tropical cloud forests is fog, and each community can absorb fog. In the dry season, there is less rain, and different rain and drought gradients have a significant effect on the humidity in the device. In the wet season, there is more rainfall in tropical cloud forests, and the main source of water is rain. Each community can absorb rain, and in the wet season, there is less fog. Different fog droughts have a significant effect on the humidity in the device.

[0035] Table 1 Two-factor ANOVA of humidity in epiphytic vascular plant communities under different drought conditions in the dry season

[0036]

[0037] Table 2 Two-way ANOVA of humidity in epiphytic vascular plant communities under different drought conditions in the wet season

[0038]

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The method for in-situ drought reduction of epiphytic vascular plants of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Selection of host trees: host trees with uniform diameter at breast height and abundant epiphytic vascular plants (ferns) on their trunks;

[0042] (2) Setting a drought device on the tree trunk: a fog blocking device, a rain blocking device and a trunk runoff interception device are connected to each other from bottom to top in sequence on the tree trunk; the fog blocking device 4 is composed of a wire mesh and a transparent plastic rain shield; the rain blocking device 3 is composed of a transparent plastic rain shield and a transparent tape; the trunk runoff interception device 2 is composed of a foam glue 1, a plastic wrap and a tape;

[0043] (3) Mist and water shielding: Cover the wire mesh with a transparent plastic rain shield to prevent the entry of mist and water without blocking light. After installing the mist and water shielding device, use the surface area of ​​the rain shield as a reference to make stripes of different degrees, measure the area of ​​the rain shield, and use a knife to cut a notch in the strip on the rain shield. 1-the area of ​​the notch in the rain shield / the total area is the mist and water shielding strength of the rain shield. Set up 4 mist and water shielding gradients (control, 20% shielding, 50% shielding, 80% shielding). Each gradient has 2 replicates.

[0044] (4) Rain shielding: A plastic transparent rain shield is fixed to the tree trunk with tape in a cone shape and connected to the fog shielding device. Based on the surface area of ​​the plastic rain shield, different degrees of holes are punched, and the size of each hole is the same, so as to achieve different degrees of rain shielding. Four rain shielding gradients are set (control, 20% shielding, 50% shielding, 80% shielding). Use a rain shield (transparent plastic rain shield), measure the area of ​​the rain shield, and punch holes in the rain shield to obtain the rain area. Then 1-the area of ​​the rain shield holes / the total area is the strength of the rain shield to shield rain. For example, 80% rain shielding strength means that the area of ​​the rain shield holes accounts for 20% of the area of ​​the rain shield. Two replicates are performed for each gradient.

[0045] (5) Blocking tree trunk runoff: Since foam glue has the function of filling gaps, spray foam glue on the top of the device to fill the gaps and intercept tree trunk runoff. Wrap the tree trunk with plastic wrap under the foam glue and fix it with tape to further prevent the flow of water.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention conducted an in-situ drought and water reduction experiment on epiphytic vascular plants in the Bawangling area of ​​Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, China in November 2022. The humidity changes after installing the drought device of the present invention for 12 months are shown in Table 3:

[0047] Table 3 Average humidity changes before and after the installation of the drought device

[0048]

[0049] As can be seen from Table 3, the humidity is significantly reduced after the installation of the drought device of the present invention, achieving the purpose of controlling drought and improving the effectiveness of the drought promotion experiment.

[0050] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ drought reduction of epiphytic vascular plants, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: select trees with the same diameter at breast height, and the trunks of the trees have abundant epiphytic vascular plants; Step S2: A fog shielding device, a rain shielding device and a trunk runoff intercepting device are sequentially connected on the trunks of the trees from bottom to top; the fog shielding device is used to shield the fog and water around the forest, the rain shielding device is used to shield the vertical rainfall in the forest, and the trunk runoff intercepting device is used to shield the vertical runoff of the trunks in the forest; Step S3: After the mist blocking device is fixed on the tree trunk, stripes are made on the mist blocking device to different degrees, so as to achieve different degrees of water reduction; Step S4 After the rain shield is fixed on the tree trunk, holes are evenly punched around the rain shield to ensure that the rain shield has uniform water intake and air circulation, and the area of ​​each hole is consistent; The fog blocking device is composed of wire mesh and transparent plastic rain shielding cloth; the rain blocking device is composed of transparent plastic rain shielding cloth and transparent adhesive tape; the tree trunk runoff interception device is composed of foam glue, plastic wrap and adhesive tape.

2. The method for in-situ drought reduction of epiphytic vascular plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mist blocking device is arranged in such a manner that the trunk of the tree with the epiphytic vascular plant is completely surrounded by the wire mesh, and the wire mesh is fixed to the trunk by stainless steel nails, and the fixed wire mesh is in an arched shape and cylindrical; The transparent plastic rainproof cloth is covered on the wire mesh to prevent fog and water from entering without blocking light. After the fog blocking device is installed, the surface area of ​​the transparent plastic rainproof cloth is used as a reference to make stripes of different degrees, thereby achieving different degrees of water reduction; The ratio of the area of ​​the strips scratched out on the entire rainproof cloth to the area of ​​the fog and water blocked is 20% to 80%: 80% to 20%.

3. The method for in-situ drought reduction of epiphytic vascular plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rain shield device is arranged in such a way that a transparent plastic rain shield is fixed to the tree trunk with a transparent tape, in a cone shape, and connected to the fog shield device; Based on the surface area of ​​the transparent plastic rainproof cloth, different degrees of holes are punched, and holes are evenly punched around the rainproof device to ensure uniform water intake and air circulation in the entire rainproof device. The area of ​​each hole is consistent, and different degrees of rainwater shielding are achieved by different numbers of holes. The ratio of the area of ​​the holes punched on the entire rainproof cloth to the area of ​​the rainproof cloth is 20% to 80%: 80% to 20%.

4. The method for in-situ drought reduction of epiphytic vascular plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trunk runoff intercepting device is set up in the following manner: spraying foam glue on the top of the trunk runoff intercepting device to fill the gap and intercept the trunk runoff; wrapping the trunk with plastic wrap under the foam glue and fixing it with tape to further prevent the flow of water, thereby achieving the purpose of intercepting the trunk runoff.

Images