Bearing saddle top surface wear and eccentric wear detection device and measurement method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a bearing saddle, comprising a base, a rotating arm, a horizontal ruler, a base, an indicator, a bearing saddle positioning device, and a bearing saddle clamping device. Support legs are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the base. The rotating arm is vertically connected to the upper surface of the base and can rotate relative to the base. One end of the horizontal ruler is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating arm, and the other end is perpendicular to the outer surface of the rotating arm and extends horizontally outward. The base is positioned on the horizontal section of the horizontal ruler. The indicator probe is installed on the base with the probe facing downward. The bearing saddle positioning device is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the base. The bearing saddle clamping device is connected to the bottom end and the outer edges of the two opposite sides of the base and can jointly clamp the bearing saddle positioned on the bearing saddle positioning device. During measurement, the horizontal ruler can rotate with the rotating arm to the upper side of the bearing saddle, and the indicator probe can contact the top surface of the bearing saddle to measure the wear and eccentric wear values ​​of the bearing saddle top surface. The present invention can directly read the measured value, and the measured value has high accuracy and measurement efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, in particular to a device and a method for detecting wear and eccentric wear of a load-bearing saddle top surface. Background Art

[0002] The load saddle is an important component of the bogie assembly of railway vehicles. The load saddle bears the pressure from the vehicle body and the torsional force during the rotation of the vehicle body. The top surface of the load saddle is the force-bearing mating surface. The load saddle is an ordinary carbon steel casting. After a period of use, its top surface will wear or wear due to long-term friction. To ensure the safe operation of railway vehicles, the load saddle needs to be replaced after the wear or wear of the top surface of the load saddle reaches a certain level. In order to determine whether the wear or wear of the top surface of the load saddle has reached the replacement standard, the wear or wear of the top surface of the load saddle needs to be measured. The existing method for measuring the wear and wear of the top surface of the load saddle is to place a standard flat plate with a smooth surface on the top surface of the load saddle, and then insert plugs of different thicknesses into the gap between the standard flat plate and the top surface of the load saddle. The wear or wear of the top surface of the load saddle is determined by the thickness of the plug inserted into the gap. This existing measurement method requires the measuring staff to select the plug that can be inserted into the gap according to the size of the gap. Human operation errors can easily affect the measurement accuracy. It is necessary to replace plugs of different thicknesses and move the standard flat plate multiple times, which has low measurement efficiency. When a concave center occurs, wear cannot be detected. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a load-bearing saddle top surface wear and eccentric wear detection device and measurement method, which can directly read the measurement value with high measurement accuracy and high measurement efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the bearing saddle, including a base, a rotating arm, a horizontal ruler, a gauge base, an indicator, a bearing saddle positioning device and a bearing saddle clamping device, wherein support feet are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom end of the base, the rotating arm is vertically connected to the upper surface of the base and can rotate relative to the base, one end of the horizontal ruler is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating arm, and the other end of the horizontal ruler is perpendicular to the outer surface of the rotating arm and extends horizontally outward, the gauge base is positioned on the horizontal section of the horizontal ruler, and the indicator is installed on the gauge base with the measuring needle facing downward through the indicator locking screw. The bearing saddle positioning device is connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the base, and the bearing saddle clamping device is connected to the bottom end of the base and the outer edges of the opposite sides and can jointly clamp the bearing saddle positioned on the bearing saddle positioning device. During measurement, the horizontal ruler can rotate with the rotating arm to the upper side of the bearing saddle, and the measuring needle of the indicator gauge contacts the top surface of the bearing saddle to measure the wear and eccentric wear values ​​of the bearing saddle top surface.

[0005] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the bottom end of the rotating arm is connected to a rotating shaft, the base is provided with a through hole matching the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the through hole and the bottom end is positioned by a fixing device.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the load-bearing saddle positioning device includes a bearing seat, a spindle, and a support bearing. The bearing seat is connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the base on one side of the rotating arm. The spindle passes through the center hole of the bearing seat and protrudes on both sides of the center hole of the bearing seat. A support bearing is assembled on each side of the spindle protruding from the center hole of the bearing seat.

[0007] The cam is connected to the bottom of the base by a threaded hole, and the two ends of the threaded hole are connected to each other with a threaded hole, and the two ends of the threaded hole are connected with the cam in a direction of rotation.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: it also includes a standard calibration rod, and the surface of the standard calibration rod is smooth and flat.

[0009] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a measurement method using the above-mentioned load-bearing saddle top surface wear and eccentric wear detection device, comprising the following steps: (1) taking a standard calibration rod, one end of the standard calibration rod contacts the upper surface of the base of the detection device, and the other end of the standard calibration rod contacts the indicator needle, the indicator is locked on the base by the indicator locking screw, and the outer dial of the indicator is rotated so that its long pointer is aligned with the 0 scale line; (2) the load-bearing saddle is buckled on the load-bearing saddle positioning device, the position of the load-bearing saddle is adjusted so that its inner arc is in stable contact with the two support bearings, and the adjusting handwheel is rotated so that the clamping plates on both sides of the base clamp the load-bearing saddle; (3) the rotating arm is rotated so that the horizontal ruler rotates with the rotating arm to the top of the load-bearing saddle, so that the indicator needle contacts the top surface of the load-bearing saddle, and the wear size of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle is measured.

[0010] The device and method for detecting and measuring the wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the bearing saddle of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: a rotatable rotating arm is provided on the upper surface of the base, a horizontal ruler is vertically connected to one side of the rotating arm, an indicator for detecting the wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the bearing saddle is connected to the horizontal ruler, and at the same time a bearing saddle positioning device for positioning the bearing saddle is provided on the upper surface of the base, and a bearing saddle clamping device for clamping the bearing saddle is provided on both sides of the base, so that the bearing saddle can be directly positioned and clamped on the upper surface of the base; by rotating the rotating arm and adjusting the position of the gauge seat, the measuring needle of the indicator can contact the top surface of the bearing saddle at any time, so that the wear and eccentric wear values ​​of the top surface of the bearing saddle can be directly measured, and the measurement value has high accuracy and measurement efficiency.

[0011] The following further describes the device and method for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a load-bearing saddle according to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle according to the present invention (the clamping plate is omitted);

[0013] Figure 2 This is a left side view of the device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a load-bearing saddle according to the present invention (the standard calibration rod is omitted);

[0014] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a load-bearing saddle according to the present invention (the standard calibration rod is omitted);

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of measuring the wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a load-bearing saddle using the device for detecting the wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a load-bearing saddle of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a left view of the load-bearing saddle top surface wear and eccentric wear detection device of the present invention for measuring the load-bearing saddle top surface wear and eccentric wear (partial cross-section of the load-bearing saddle clamping device);

[0017] Explanation of the accompanying numbers: 1-support foot, 2-base, 3-rotating shaft, 4-rotating arm, 5-horizontal ruler, 6-diameter base, 7-indicator, 8-indicator locking screw, 9-support bearing, 10-bearing seat, 11-spindle, 12-standard calibration rod, 13-nut, 14-limit block, 15-adjusting handwheel, 16-screw base, 17-clamping plate, 18-screw sleeve, 19-limit seat, 20-diameter base locking screw, 21-load saddle, 22-inner screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle of the present invention includes a base 2, a rotating arm 4, a horizontal ruler 5, a table base 6, an indicator table 7, a load-bearing saddle positioning device and a load-bearing saddle clamping device. The present invention also includes a standard calibration rod 12, and the surface of the standard calibration rod 12 is smooth and flat.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the base 2 is a thick steel plate with a smooth surface and an overall rectangular shape. Support legs 1 are provided on either side of the bottom end of the base 2, with two support legs 1 provided on each side. The four support legs 1 are located at the four corners of the bottom surface of the base 2. A rotating arm 4 is vertically connected to the upper surface of the base 2 and can rotate relative to the base 2. The rotating arm 4 is a cylindrical structure, with a rotating shaft 3 connected to the bottom end of the rotating arm 4. The base 2 is provided with a through hole that matches the rotating shaft 3. The rotating shaft 3 passes through the through hole and is positioned at the bottom end by a fixing device. During implementation, a bearing can be provided in the through hole, and the rotating shaft 3 can be connected to the inner ring of the bearing. The outer surface of the bottom end of the rotating shaft 3 is provided with an external thread. After the rotating shaft 3 passes through the bearing in the through hole, the bottom end is locked and fixed by a nut 13. One end of the horizontal ruler 5 is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating arm 4 by a screw. The other end of the horizontal ruler 5 is perpendicular to the outer surface of the rotating arm 4 and extends horizontally outward. The horizontal section of the horizontal ruler 5 is preferably long enough to span the top surface of the load-bearing saddle 21. The dial base 6 is positioned on the horizontal section of the horizontal ruler 5 by the dial base locking screw 20. The relative position of the dial base 6 and the horizontal ruler 5 can be adjusted by loosening the dial base locking screw 20. The dial gauge 7 is mounted on the dial base 6 with the stylus facing downward by the dial gauge locking screw 8. That is, when the dial gauge 7 is mounted on the dial base 6, the stylus of the dial gauge 7 faces vertically downward.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the saddle positioning device is connected to the center of the upper surface of the base 2. The saddle positioning device includes a bearing seat 10, a spindle 11, and a support bearing 9. The bearing seat 10 is connected to the center of the upper surface of the base 2 on one side of the rotating arm 4 via a fixing device. The spindle 11 horizontally passes through the center hole of the bearing seat 10 and protrudes on both sides of the center hole of the bearing seat 10. A support bearing 9 is mounted on each side of the spindle 11 protruding from the center hole of the bearing seat 10. The support bearing 9 is used to support the inner arc surface of the bearing saddle 21.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the load-bearing saddle clamping device is connected to the bottom end and the outer edges of the opposite sides of the base 2 and can jointly clamp and position the load-bearing saddle 21 on the load-bearing saddle positioning device. The load-bearing saddle clamping device includes a screw seat 16, a limit seat 19, an internal screw 22, a limit block 14, a clamping plate 17, and an adjustment handwheel 15. In this embodiment, two sections of screw seats 16 and two clamping plates 17 are provided. The two sections of screw seats 16 are connected to the bottom end of the base 2 at intervals, and the positions of the through holes in the middle of the two sections of screw seats 16 correspond to each other, that is, the middle holes of the two sections of screw seats 16 are axially the same, and the two sections of screw seats 16 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the bottom end of the base 2 at intervals. A limit seat 19 is connected between the two screw seats 16 at the bottom end of the base 2. A through hole is defined in the center of the limit seat 19, axially aligned with the central holes of the two screw seats 16. The limit seat 19 also has a mounting groove that extends upward from the bottom end. The limit block 14 is positioned within the mounting groove of the limit seat 19. The center of the limit block 14 also has a through hole aligned with the central hole of the limit seat 19. The undersides of the two clamping plates 17 are connected to the outer ends of two internally threaded sleeves 18, which are essentially internally threaded sleeves. The two sleeves 18 are positioned inside the two screw seats 16 (in the central through holes), and the two clamping plates 17 are located on the outer edge of the base 2, outside the two screw seats 16. The ends of the two clamping plates 17 extend upward. An internal screw rod 22 passes from right to left through the right-side screw sleeve 18, the central through-hole of the middle stopper 14, and finally into the left-side screw sleeve 18. The external threads of the internal screw rod 22 engage with the internal threads of the two sections of the screw sleeve 18, respectively. The stopper 14 prevents the central portion of the internal screw rod 22 from bending. The right end of the internal screw rod 22 is also recessed inwardly to form an internally threaded hole. The adjustment handwheel 15 includes a handwheel and a connecting screw connected to the inside of the handwheel. The connecting screw on the inside of the adjustment handwheel 15 engages with the internally threaded hole on the right end of the internal screw rod 22 from the outside to the inside. After the connecting screw on the inside of the adjustment handwheel 15 engages with the internally threaded hole on the right end of the internal screw rod 22, the adjustment handwheel 15 and the internal screw rod 22 are connected to form a single unit. Rotating the adjustment handwheel 15 adjusts the relative position of the inner screw 22 and the two-stage threaded sleeve 18. Therefore, rotating the adjustment handwheel 15 can adjust the spacing between the two clamping plates 17, thereby tightening or loosening the load saddle 21 positioned on the load saddle positioning device. During measurement, the horizontal ruler 5 rotates with the rotating arm 4 to the upper side of the load saddle 21, and the stylus of the indicator 7 contacts the top surface of the load saddle 21 to measure the wear and eccentric wear of the load saddle top surface.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides a measurement method using the above-mentioned load-bearing saddle top surface wear and eccentric wear detection device, comprising the following steps: (1) taking a standard calibration rod 12, one end of the standard calibration rod 12 contacts the upper surface of the base 2 of the detection device, and the other end of the standard calibration rod 12 contacts the stylus of the indicator 7, locking the indicator 7 on the base 6 by the indicator locking screw 8, rotating the outer dial of the indicator 7 so that its long pointer is aligned with the 0 scale line; (2) buckling the load-bearing saddle 21 on the load-bearing saddle positioning device, with the inner cavity of the load-bearing saddle 21 facing downward and the top surface facing upward, and then adjusting the position of the load-bearing saddle 21 so that its inner arc is aligned with the two The support bearing 9 is in stable contact so that the top surface of the load-bearing saddle 21 is in a horizontal state, and the adjusting hand wheel 15 is turned to clamp the clamping plates 17 on both sides of the base 2 to clamp the load-bearing saddle 21; (3) Rotate the rotating arm 4 to make the horizontal ruler 5 rotate with the rotating arm 4 to the top of the load-bearing saddle 21, so that the probe of the indicator 7 contacts the top surface of the load-bearing saddle 21, and measure the wear size of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle. During the measurement process, the rotating arm 4 can be continuously rotated and the relative position of the table base 6 and the horizontal ruler 5 can be adjusted so that the probe of the indicator 7 can contact any position of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle. The maximum reading value of the indicator 7 is the wear depth of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​is the amount of eccentric wear.

[0023] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The structure of the present invention is not limited to the forms listed in the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle is characterized by: The invention comprises a base (2), a rotating arm (4), a horizontal ruler (5), a table base (6), an indicator table (7), a load saddle positioning device and a load saddle clamping device, wherein the bottom end of the base (2) is provided with supporting feet (1) on both sides, the rotating arm (4) is vertically connected to the upper surface of the base (2) and can rotate relative to the base (2), one end of the horizontal ruler (5) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating arm (4), the other end of the horizontal ruler (5) is vertical to the outer surface of the rotating arm (4) and extends horizontally outward, the table base (6) is positioned on the horizontal section of the horizontal ruler (5), the indicator table (7) is installed on the table base (6) with the probe facing downwards through the indicator table locking screw (8), and the load saddle is fixed to the base (6). The saddle positioning device is connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the base (2), and the load-bearing saddle clamping device is connected to the bottom end and the outer edges of the opposite sides of the base (2) and can jointly clamp the load-bearing saddle (21) positioned on the load-bearing saddle positioning device. During measurement, the horizontal ruler (5) can rotate with the rotating arm (4) to the upper side of the load-bearing saddle (21) and the stylus of the indicator (7) contacts the top surface of the load-bearing saddle (21) to measure the wear and eccentric wear value of the top surface of the load-bearing saddle; the bottom end of the rotating arm (4) is connected to the rotating shaft (3), and the base (2) is provided with a through hole that matches the rotating shaft (3). The rotating shaft (3) passes through the through hole and the bottom end is positioned by a fixing device; the load-bearing saddle clamping device is connected to the lower end of the rotating arm (4) and the lower end of the rotating shaft (3) is connected to the upper side of the load-bearing saddle (21). The device includes a screw seat (16), a limit seat (19), an inner screw (22), a limit block (14), a clamping plate (17), and an adjusting hand wheel (15). The two sections of the screw seat (16) are connected to the bottom end of the base (2) at intervals. The positions of the through holes in the middle of the two sections of the screw seat (16) correspond to each other. The limit seat (19) is connected between the two sections of the screw seat (16) at the bottom end of the base (2). The limit block (14) is set in the limit seat (19). The two clamping plates (17) are respectively connected to the ends of the two sections of the screw sleeve (18) with internal threads. The two sections of the screw sleeve (18) are respectively set on the inner sides of the two sections of the screw seat (16) and the two sections of the screw seat (16) are respectively set. The clamping plates (17) are respectively located at the outer edges of the base (2) outside the two sections of the screw seat (16), and the inner screw (22) passes from right to left through the screw sleeve (18) located on the right side and the limit block (14) located in the middle and enters the screw sleeve (18) located on the left side. The right end of the inner screw (22) is also recessed inwardly and provided with an internal threaded hole. The connecting screw on the inner side of the adjusting hand wheel (15) cooperates with the internal threaded hole on the right end of the inner screw (22) from the outside to the inside. By turning the adjusting hand wheel (15), the spacing between the two clamping plates (17) can be adjusted to achieve clamping or loosening of the load saddle (21) positioned on the load saddle positioning device.

2. The device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the load saddle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing saddle positioning device includes a bearing seat (10), a spindle (11), and a support bearing (9). The bearing seat (10) is connected to the middle position of the upper surface of the base (2) on one side of the rotating arm (4). The spindle (11) crosses the center hole of the bearing seat (10) and protrudes from both sides of the center hole of the bearing seat (10). A support bearing (9) is assembled on each side of the spindle (11) protruding from the center hole of the bearing seat (10).

3. The device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of the load saddle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a standard calibration rod (12), the surface of which is smooth and flat.

4. A measurement method using the device for detecting wear and eccentric wear of the top surface of a load saddle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) taking a standard calibration rod (12), one end of the standard calibration rod (12) contacts the upper surface of the base (2) of the detection device, and the other end of the standard calibration rod (12) contacts the stylus of the indicator (7), locking the indicator (7) on the base (6) by the indicator locking screw (8), rotating the outer dial of the indicator (7) so that its long pointer is aligned with the 0 scale line; (2) buckling the load saddle (21) on the load saddle positioning device, adjusting the position of the load saddle (21) so that its inner arc is stably in contact with the two support bearings (9), and rotating the adjusting hand wheel (15) so that the clamping plates (17) on both sides of the base (2) clamp the load saddle (21); (3) rotating the rotating arm (4) so ​​that the horizontal ruler (5) rotates with the rotating arm (4) to the top of the load saddle (21), so that the stylus of the indicator (7) contacts the top surface of the load saddle (21), and measuring the wear size of the top surface of the load saddle.

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