A method for prolonging the service life of a slag probe for high-temperature smelting of metal and the slag probe

Abstract

A method for preventing the burning of a slag-probing rod used in high-temperature metallurgical smelting equipment and the slag-probing rod, in which a high-temperature-resistant isolation layer is compounded on the surface of the base material of the slag-probing rod, and a material-modified layer is further coated on the surface of the high-temperature-resistant isolation layer to further enhance the heat-insulating effect of the isolation layer and prevent the burning of the slag-probing rod in the high-temperature metallurgical smelting liquid; the high-temperature-resistant isolation layer is a ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer, and a modified layer composed of rare earth material is coated on the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer, the material properties of the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer are modified by the rare earth material, a high-temperature-resistant isolation layer with better heat-insulating effect is formed, and when the slag-probing rod is inserted into the smelting metal liquid in the high-temperature metallurgical smelting equipment, the high-temperature-resistant isolation layer protects the base rod of the slag-probing rod from high temperature. The present application forms a heat-insulating isolation layer on the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer by modifying with rare earth material, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the middle part of the slag-probing rod and prevent the burning of the slag-probing rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] field

[0002] This invention relates to a slag detection method and equipment for high-temperature metal smelting, and more particularly to a method and slag detection rod for extending the service life of a slag detection rod used in high-temperature metal smelting. This method and slag detection rod can effectively prevent bending deformation, or even surface peeling and melting, when the slag detection rod is inserted into the high-temperature smelting furnace, thereby extending the service life of the slag detection rod and improving the slag detection effect; it belongs to the field of high-temperature metal smelting technology. Background Technology

[0003] In the high-temperature smelting process of metals, to ensure the production of high-quality metal materials, impurities in the furnace charge must be removed, and the required chemical composition ratio must be achieved. This necessitates the production and removal of a certain amount of slag to ensure the purity of the metal material's chemical composition. Simultaneously, to ensure effective slag removal, slag detection and removal must be performed periodically during the smelting process. Before slag removal, a slag probe is used to penetrate deep into the furnace to collect slag samples for analysis. The chemical properties of slag play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth progress of the smelting process and the quality of the metal products. The chemical composition of slag refers to the content and distribution of various chemical elements and compounds within it. The chemical composition of slag mainly includes metallic elements, non-metallic elements, metallic compounds, and non-metallic compounds. The chemical composition of slag is influenced by factors such as raw material composition, preparation processes and conditions, and post-processing. Therefore, slag composition analysis is an indispensable and crucial step in iron and steel smelting and other smelting processes.

[0004] In conventional high-temperature metal smelting furnaces using molten pool technology to smelt non-ferrous metals such as lead, zinc, and copper, the molten pool typically has a depth of 1m to 3m, a furnace height of 6m to 10m, and the molten pool temperature is maintained above 1100℃. During the smelting process, due to differences in the design of related technical parameters such as the furnace lance and siphon, as well as variations in the raw materials and energy supply methods, different levels of liquid within the molten pool have different compositions, exhibiting overall or regional stratification characteristics. For many years, due to the extremely high temperature of the liquid phase region and the high-temperature corrosiveness of the gas phase region within the molten pool smelting furnace, technical researchers have been unable to accurately determine the stratified structure within the molten pool, thus hindering the development of accurate metallurgical models for molten pool smelting furnaces. Traditional slag samplers are iron rods that extract slag samples from the upper layer of the molten pool by utilizing the surface cooling and slag adhesion characteristics. However, they cannot detect the layering information within the smelting furnace, including the liquid metal layer, the intersoluble layer, the matte layer, and the slag layer. Therefore, accurately identifying the layering characteristics inside the molten pool has become a key focus and challenge in technical research. Furthermore, clearly understanding the layered structure and internal reaction characteristics of the molten pool greatly facilitates process control and extends the service life of the smelting furnace lance and refractory materials. However, this places higher demands on the slag sampler rod, which is clearly unsuitable for current models, thus necessitating further improvements.

[0005] A search revealed no identical technical solutions to this invention; only some related materials were found, mainly the following:

[0006] Patent application CN202121351081.1 discloses an electrostatic dust monitoring instrument using nano-ceramic coating technology. The instrument employs a sensor with a sensing wire connected to its side, a connecting seat connected to its bottom, a tightening seat fitted onto the connecting seat, and a mounting seat connected to the bottom of the connecting seat. The mounting seat has external threads on its outer ring, a sealing skirt at the connection between the connecting seat and the mounting seat, and a nano-ceramic probe connected to the bottom of the mounting seat. However, the ceramic probe proposed in this patent can only monitor media with temperatures around 500°C, making it unsuitable for molten metal in high-temperature smelting furnaces exceeding 1200°C, as it is easily burned off.

[0007] 2. Patent application CN201920554153.9 discloses a multi-layer sampler for a high-temperature smelting molten pool, comprising an extension rod. The upper end of the extension rod is connected to a uniform-speed winch via a steel cable, and the lower end of the extension rod is connected to an upper connector of the sampler. The lower end of the upper connector of the sampler is connected to multiple interconnected sample inlet tubes. Each sample inlet tube has a hollow structure and an inlet hole at its upper part. Both ends of the sample inlet tube are provided with internal threads. The multiple interconnected sample inlet tubes are connected by a double-threaded connector. The outer circumferential surface of both ends of the double-threaded connector is respectively provided with… The sample tube has an external thread that mates with the internal threads at both ends; the bottom of the multiple interconnected sample tubes is connected to a bottom connector; the multiple sample tubes are interconnected and, after assembly, extend to the bottom of the molten pool, allowing for accurate extraction of layered samples from the liquid metal zone, intersoluble layer, matte layer, slag layer, and other internal layers within the high-temperature molten pool; although this patent proposes a multi-layer sampling tube structure, determining the connection length of the sampler based on the depth of the molten pool, and entering from the top of the furnace to the bottom of the molten pool, it can accurately probe samples from different layers inside the furnace; however, this patent does not propose a technical solution for improving the slag probe rod.

[0008] 3. Patent publication number CN201621323087.7 ​​discloses a metallurgical furnace molten pool and slag detection device, including a metallurgical furnace, a slag detection port, a slag detection rod, a wire rope, a pulley block, a winch, and a winch platform. The winch is installed on the winch platform at a height 2.5 times the height of the metallurgical furnace body. One end of the wire rope is wound around the winch drum and lapped on the pulley of the pulley block. The other end of the wire rope is connected to the slag detection rod. The pulley block is installed on the winch platform, and the slag detection port is located at the top of the metallurgical furnace. This patent is only a proposal.

[0009] Based on the analysis of the retrieved information, we found that improvements to the slag probe rod have been made, but these improvements have focused on how the rod extends into the furnace to prevent it from tilting. However, no consideration has been given to how to prevent it from being burned by the high-temperature molten metal when inserted into the furnace. Therefore, the problem of the slag probe rod being easily burned when inserted into the high-temperature molten metal has not been effectively solved. This is a key issue that needs to be addressed and requires further research and improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing slag-detecting rods are easily burned out when immersed in high-temperature molten metal. This invention provides a method and a slag-detecting rod that effectively improves this problem. This method and slag-detecting rod extend the service life of slag-detecting rods used in high-temperature metal smelting furnaces. The technical problem it aims to solve is how to prevent slag-detecting rods from burning out when immersed in high-temperature metal smelting furnaces.

[0011] To achieve this objective, the present invention provides a method for extending the service life of slag probe rods in metallurgical equipment. A high-temperature resistant insulating layer is laminated onto the surface of the slag probe rod's base material, and then a material modification layer is applied to the surface of this insulating layer to further enhance its insulation effect and prevent the slag probe rod from being burned by the high-temperature molten metal. The high-temperature resistant insulating layer is a ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer. A rare-earth material protective layer is applied to the outer surface of this ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer. By modifying the material properties of the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer with rare-earth materials, a high-temperature resistant insulating layer with better heat insulation is formed. This allows the slag probe rod to be protected from high temperatures when it is inserted into the molten metal in the high-temperature metallurgical smelting equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer is a zirconia ceramic matrix ceramic, which covers the metal surface of the slag probe rod to form a thermal insulation protective layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the zirconia ceramic matrix is ​​formed by sintering nano-zirconia powder and serves as a ceramic shell covering the outer surface of the metal rod at the front of the slag probe.

[0014] Furthermore, the rare earth material protective layer is a rare earth material coated on the surface of the ceramic-based heat insulation material layer. Through the reaction between the rare earth material and the ceramic-based heat insulation material layer, a rare earth modified heat insulation layer is formed.

[0015] Furthermore, the rare earth materials include rare earth materials containing yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare earth elements from the lanthanide and yttrium series.

[0016] Furthermore, the content of the rare earth elements yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) is controlled at a ratio of 0.5-4%.

[0017] Furthermore, the rare earth material is tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide, and the surface coating made of tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide modifies the zirconium oxide ceramic interface layer on the slag probe rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the modification of the zirconia ceramic interface layer on the slag probe is achieved by controlling the interparticle gap structure of the ceramic material and adjusting the thermal conductivity of the rare earth modified insulation layer, making the slag probe more suitable for insulation of high-temperature molten metal at temperatures above 1100℃.

[0019] A method for extending the service life of a slag probe rod in metallurgical equipment includes a slag probe rod metal substrate, a heat insulation layer formed of a ceramic matrix material wrapped around the outer surface of the slag probe rod metal substrate, and a rare earth modified heat insulation layer wrapped around the outer surface of the ceramic matrix material.

[0020] Furthermore, the heat insulation layer formed by the ceramic matrix material is a heat insulation layer made of zirconia ceramic material.

[0021] Furthermore, the rare earth modified heat insulation layer is a rare earth modified heat insulation layer obtained by modifying the interface layer between tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide and the ceramic matrix material.

[0022] The advantages of this invention are:

[0023] This invention modifies the ceramic matrix insulation layer at the head of the slag probe with rare earth materials, resulting in a superior thermal insulation layer on its surface. This offers the following advantages:

[0024] 1. By modifying the ceramic insulation surface of the slag probe with rare earth materials, a high-performance rare earth modified insulation layer is formed, which can significantly reduce thermal conductivity and improve insulation performance. The thermal conductivity of this rare earth modified insulation layer can reach 0.03 W / mK, which is far lower than that of traditional insulation materials. The overall structure of the rare earth modified insulation layer is equivalent to creating a thermos flask insulation mechanism, reducing heat loss from the slag probe by more than 90%.

[0025] 2. Modifying the ceramic surface with rare earth materials effectively protects the substrate from high-temperature corrosion in high-temperature smelting furnaces, significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the slag probe surface. The rare earth particles and ceramic particles in the composition work synergistically, resulting in a strong adhesion of the cured coating, good film density, resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, and resistance to high-temperature oxidation. This effectively prevents the intrusion of high-temperature corrosive substances, greatly extending the service life of the substrate.

[0026] 3. By using a rare earth-modified interface layer on the surface of the ceramic matrix, the fracture strength and toughness can be improved by changing the chemical composition and structure of the ceramic grain boundaries. The fracture mode of the ceramic can be changed from brittle to ductile, making it more suitable for use in high load and high temperature environments.

[0027] 4. Adding yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare earth elements to rare earth materials such as tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide, and controlling the content to a ratio of 0.5-4%, can make the interface layer on the surface of the rare earth modified ceramic matrix more dense, effectively enhancing the heat insulation effect. Through experiments, it can extend the service life of the slag probe rod by more than 2 times. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of a slag detection rod system;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slag detection rod;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a slag-detecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Example 1

[0032] Through append Figure 1-3 As can be seen, this invention relates to a slag-detecting rod for a high-temperature smelting furnace and a slag-detecting rod prevention system thereof. The slag-detecting rod system involves setting a slag-detecting rod 9 on the top of a high-temperature smelting furnace 2, and suspending it outside a detection hole 4 on the top of the furnace 2 via a traction rope 3. The slag-detecting rod 9 can be moved up and down via a retraction mechanism 5. The slag-detecting rod 9 itself includes a slag-detecting rod body 6 and a slag-detecting rod head 1. The slag-detecting rod head 1 is connected to the bottom 8 of the slag-detecting rod body 6 via a thread 7. The inner core of the slag-detecting rod head 1 is a metal substrate 101. A high-temperature resistant and heat-insulating layer 102 formed of a ceramic matrix material is wrapped around the outer surface of the metal substrate 101. Then, a rare earth modified heat-insulating layer 103 is wrapped around the outer surface of the high-temperature resistant and heat-insulating layer 102 of the ceramic matrix material.

[0033] It needs to be further explained that:

[0034] The metal substrate 101 of the slag probe head 1 is made of high-quality heat-resistant steel material, including Q235 round steel, No. 45 carbon steel, 25CrMo4, 16Mo3, X10CrMoVNb9-1, 1.4835, 1.4859, 1.4841 and 1.4876, etc.

[0035] The high-temperature resistant insulation layer 102 formed by the ceramic matrix material is a zirconia ceramic material. The high-temperature resistant insulation layer 102 is entirely wrapped around the outer surface of the slag probe head 1, forming a protective layer of zirconia ceramic. The thickness of the zirconia ceramic high-temperature resistant insulation layer 102 is controlled at 2-5 mm. This ensures that the slag probe head 1 is completely wrapped by the high-temperature resistant insulation layer 102, preventing the slag probe head 1 from being burned by the molten metal inside the furnace when the slag probe penetrates deep into the metallurgical furnace.

[0036] The rare earth modified heat insulation layer 103 is a secondary heat insulation layer formed by modifying the surface of the high-temperature heat insulation layer 102 made of rare earth materials and zirconia ceramic materials. It is a rare earth modified heat insulation layer obtained by modifying the interface layer between tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide and the ceramic matrix material. The thickness of the rare earth modified heat insulation layer 103 is controlled between 0.5-2mm.

[0037] It is worth noting that the present invention features a high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer 102 of zirconia ceramic on the surface of the metal substrate 101 of the slag probe head 1, and a rare earth material heat insulation layer 103 is formed on the surface of the zirconia ceramic high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer 102 through rare earth modification, which further enhances the heat insulation effect of the high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer 102 and prevents the slag probe from being burned by the high-temperature metallurgical molten metal. The high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer 102 is a ceramic-based heat insulation material layer, and in this embodiment, it is made of zirconia ceramic. A rare earth material heat insulation layer 103 composed of rare earth material and zirconia ceramic surface modification is covered on the outer surface of the high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer 102. By modifying the material properties of the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat insulation material layer (zirconia ceramic) with rare earth material, a high-temperature resistant heat insulation layer with better heat insulation effect is formed. When the slag probe is inserted into the molten metal in the high-temperature metallurgical smelting equipment, the rare earth material heat insulation layer 103 first resists the high temperature burn and high-temperature corrosion of the slag probe substrate rod, thus protecting the slag probe rod.

[0038] The key point is the formation of the rare earth material heat insulation layer 103. In this embodiment, tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide are added to an appropriate amount of rare earth material and fused onto the surface of zirconia ceramic using laser surface treatment technology to form a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant protective layer to prevent the high temperature inside the furnace from burning the slag probe rod.

[0039] The specific manufacturing method involves first preparing the substrate of the slag probe, then sintering a layer of zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation material onto the surface of the substrate using nano-zirconia powder. Next, the slag probe substrate, now coated with the zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation material, is placed in a laser cladding chamber, where high-temperature laser light is used to spray and clad tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide powder mixed with rare earth materials onto the surface of the zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer. This creates a rare earth-modified surface layer on the zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer, providing enhanced thermal insulation and corrosion resistance.

[0040] This method of modifying ceramic surfaces uses a laser as a heat source to melt and solidify the surfaces of tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide and zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation materials, which have better heat resistance. This forms a cladding layer that is metallurgically bonded to the surface of the zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation material, thereby significantly improving its surface wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and oxidation resistance, thus increasing the service life of the slag probe. Furthermore, our research revealed that, most importantly, when fabricating the rare-earth modified surface layer, it is necessary to add appropriate amounts of yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare-earth elements from the lanthanides and yttrium groups to the sprayed tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide powder at a ratio of 0.5-4%. Experimental studies show that yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare-earth elements will make the surface layer more uniform and dense during laser cladding, resulting in better heat insulation. However, experiments have shown that adding too much yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb), exceeding 4%, will not further improve the heat insulation effect; therefore, it is not advisable to add too much rare-earth material. Simultaneously, a synchronous powder feeding method and a coaxial powder feeding cladding nozzle are used during laser cladding. The powder beam and laser beam are coaxially coupled and output, resulting in isotropic powder flow. This overcomes the directional limitations of off-axis powder feeding and improves the consistency of the cladding layer under any path.

[0041] The specific laser cladding method is as follows:

[0042] 1. First, the metal substrate 101 of the head of the slag probe rod 1 is manufactured by machining;

[0043] 2. Then, a high-temperature resistant zirconia ceramic insulating layer 102 is formed by sintering the metal substrate 101 on the head of the slag probe 1;

[0044] 3. Clean the base material of the slag probe covered with a zirconia ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer;

[0045] 4. Prepare the laser cladding powder by using nano-sized tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide powder, and adding 0.5-4% of yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), or ytterbium (Yb) powder (preferably yttrium (Y), with the proportion controlled at 1.5% of the nano-sized tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide powder), and thoroughly mechanically stir; after mixing evenly, pack it into the powder box of the laser cladding equipment;

[0046] 5. After drying the cleaned slag probe base, screw it onto the coaxial mold and rotate it into the laser cladding equipment;

[0047] 6. Start the laser cladding equipment, coaxially feed powder, and perform high-speed laser cladding with a power of 3000-12000W. Use a rotating cladding sheet to spray the slag probe rod substrate. Rotate the slag probe rod head 1 into the laser cladding equipment for rotary coating, forming a 0.5-2mm thick rare earth modified surface layer 103 on the zirconium oxide ceramic coating surface of the slag probe rod substrate. This can greatly save rare earth powder, with a powder utilization rate of 95%.

[0048] 7. After the slag probe base is rotated 360 degrees and laser cladding is completed, it is cooled and removed from the furnace.

[0049] Following the above method for modifying the zirconia ceramic interface layer on the slag probe rod, nano-sized tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide powder mixed with rare earth materials is laser-clad onto the zirconia surface to modify the zirconia surface. The resulting slag probe rod head 1 has superior high-temperature resistance. By controlling the particle gap structure of the ceramic material and adjusting the thermal conductivity of the rare earth modified insulation layer, the slag probe rod is more suitable for heat insulation of high-temperature molten metal above 1100℃, and its service life is increased by more than 2 times. Example 2

[0050] The principle of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1, except that the structure of the rare earth modified insulation layer is slightly different. Rare earth oxides such as CeO2, Gd2O3, or Yb2O3 are used to prepare the rare earth modified insulation layer, which is then laser coated. 1-2% of yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), or ytterbium (Yb) powder is added to the coated powder. The rare earth modified insulation layer allows the interface layers of the monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic phases on the zirconia ceramic surface to form a more stable insulation layer under high-temperature conditions. The resulting slag probe head has a finer surface, superior heat insulation and corrosion resistance, and can extend its service life by nearly 2.5 times compared to existing ordinary slag probes.

[0051] The embodiments listed above are merely for clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] As can be seen from the description of the above embodiments, the present invention also relates to a method for extending the service life of a slag-detecting rod in metallurgical equipment. A high-temperature resistant insulating layer is laminated onto the surface of the slag-detecting rod's base material, and then a material modification layer is applied to the surface of the high-temperature resistant insulating layer to further enhance its heat insulation effect and prevent the slag-detecting rod from being burned by the high-temperature molten metal. The high-temperature resistant insulating layer is a ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer. A rare-earth material protective layer is applied to the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer. By modifying the material properties of the outer surface of the ceramic-based heat-insulating material layer with rare-earth materials, a high-temperature resistant insulating layer with better heat insulation effect is formed. This allows the slag-detecting rod to be protected from high temperatures when it is inserted into the molten metal in the high-temperature metallurgical smelting equipment.

[0053] The ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer is a zirconia ceramic matrix, which covers the metal surface of the slag probe to form a thermal insulation protective layer.

[0054] The zirconia ceramic matrix is ​​a ceramic shell formed by sintering nano-zirconia powder and covering the outer surface of the metal rod body at the front of the slag probe.

[0055] The rare earth material protective layer is formed by coating rare earth materials onto the surface of the ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer. Through the reaction between the rare earth materials and the ceramic-based thermal insulation material layer, a rare earth modified thermal insulation layer is formed.

[0056] The rare earth materials mentioned include rare earth materials containing yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare earth elements from the lanthanide and yttrium series.

[0057] The content of the rare earth elements yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) is controlled at a ratio of 0.5-4%.

[0058] The rare earth material is tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide, and the surface coating made of tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide modifies the zirconium oxide ceramic interface layer on the slag probe rod.

[0059] The modification of the zirconia ceramic interface layer on the slag probe rod is achieved by controlling the interparticle gap structure of the ceramic material and adjusting the thermal conductivity of the rare earth modified insulation layer, making the slag probe rod more suitable for heat insulation of high-temperature molten metal at temperatures above 1100℃.

[0060] The advantages of this invention are:

[0061] Existing slag probes for oxygen-enriched side-blown furnaces are mostly made of Q235 round steel, intended to detect the height of slag and molten metal levels in the furnace hearth. The molten metal temperature in the hearth is typically 1250-1350℃. Under normal conditions, they can be used for 5-10 days. However, under higher temperatures or with poor slag formation, they can only be used for about 3 days. The problems are: first, the middle section of the probe easily bends at high temperatures; second, the ends quickly melt and become pointed, or melt into a dumbbell shape at the slag-metal interface, with the middle section breaking off quickly. To meet production needs, a new type of slag probe is specially designed. The base material is high-quality carbon steel, coated with a ceramic material and sintered. Rare earth materials are then applied to the ceramic material surface to form a ceramic-rare earth modified layer. After use, the middle section is less prone to bending, and the melting at the ends and the interface between the two phases is significantly reduced. Under normal conditions, it can be used for about 20 days, and even under special conditions, it can be used for about 10 days, increasing its service life by 2-3 times and greatly reducing replacement and maintenance workload. This invention modifies the ceramic substrate insulation layer at the head of the slag probe with rare earth materials, resulting in a superior thermal insulation layer on its surface. Therefore, this invention offers the following advantages:

[0062] 1. By modifying the ceramic insulation surface of the slag probe with rare earth materials, a high-performance rare earth modified insulation layer is formed, which can significantly reduce thermal conductivity and improve insulation performance. The thermal conductivity of this rare earth modified insulation layer can reach 0.03 W / mK, which is far lower than that of traditional insulation materials. The overall structure of the rare earth modified insulation layer is equivalent to creating a thermos flask insulation mechanism, reducing heat loss from the slag probe by more than 90%.

[0063] 2. Modifying the ceramic surface with rare earth materials effectively protects the substrate from high-temperature corrosion in high-temperature smelting furnaces, significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the slag probe surface. The rare earth particles in the composition, through a synergistic effect with silicon carbide, alumina, and other ceramic particles, result in a cured coating with strong adhesion, good film density, resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, and resistance to high-temperature oxidation. This effectively prevents the intrusion of high-temperature corrosive substances, greatly extending the service life of the substrate.

[0064] 3. By using a rare earth-modified interface layer on the surface of the ceramic matrix, the fracture strength and toughness can be improved by changing the chemical composition and structure of the ceramic grain boundaries. The fracture mode of the ceramic can be changed from brittle to ductile, making it more suitable for use in high load and high temperature environments.

[0065] 4. Adding yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare earth elements to rare earth materials and controlling the content to a ratio of 0.5-4% can make the interface layer on the surface of the rare earth modified ceramic matrix more dense, effectively enhancing the heat insulation effect. Experiments have shown that this can extend the service life of the slag probe rod by more than 2 times.

Claims

1. A method for extending the service life of slag-detecting rods in metallurgical equipment, characterized in that: A high-temperature resistant insulating layer is laminated onto the surface of the base material of the slag probe, and then a rare earth material modification layer is covered on the surface of the high-temperature resistant insulating layer to prevent the slag probe from being burned by the high-temperature metallurgical molten liquid. The high-temperature resistant insulating layer is zirconium oxide, and a rare earth material modification layer is covered on the outer surface of the zirconium oxide to form a high-temperature resistant insulating layer with better heat insulation effect. The rare earth material modification layer is tungsten carbide and / or magnesium oxide with added rare earth materials, and the rare earth materials are yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), and ytterbium (Yb) rare earth materials, wherein the content of rare earth materials is 0.5-4%.

2. The method for extending the service life of slag-detecting rods in metallurgical equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The zirconium oxide is a ceramic shell formed by sintering nano-zirconia powder and covering the outer surface of the metal rod body at the front of the slag probe.

3. The method for extending the service life of slag-detecting rods in metallurgical equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth material modified layer is formed by coating rare earth materials onto the surface of zirconium oxide, and the rare earth materials react with zirconium oxide to form a rare earth material modified layer.

4. The method for extending the service life of slag-detecting rods in metallurgical equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth material modification involves controlling the interparticle gap structure of ceramic materials and adjusting the thermal conductivity of the rare earth material modification layer, making the slag probe rod more suitable for heat insulation of high-temperature metal molten liquids above 1100℃.

5. A slag probe obtained by the method for extending the service life of a slag probe rod in metallurgical equipment according to claim 1, comprising a slag probe metal substrate, a high-temperature resistant insulating layer formed of zirconium oxide wrapped on the outer surface of the slag probe metal substrate, and a rare earth material modified layer wrapped on the outer surface of the ceramic matrix material.

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