A system and method for promoting depression comorbidity in mice under chronic stress

Abstract

The application provides a system and method for promoting mouse depression comorbidity under chronic stress, and relates to the technical field of chronic stress. The system for promoting mouse depression comorbidity under chronic stress comprises a base, and an island model device is arranged at one end of the top of the base; the island model device comprises an island water bucket, an island terrace, a sealed bucket cover, a rotary driving assembly and a light alternately irradiating assembly. The system and method for promoting mouse depression comorbidity under chronic stress place the mouse on the island terrace surrounded by water on all sides by arranging the island model device, and the rotary driving assembly drives the light alternately irradiating assembly to operate on the top of the island terrace, so that the island terrace on which the mouse stands is alternately changed between light and darkness, thereby accelerating the progress of depression of the mouse, and the detection operation of depression of the mouse is realized by using an exploration detection system and a sugar water intake detection system, which can further promote the research progress of the influence of chronic stress on the living conditions of human beings, and is beneficial to actual application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of chronic stress, in particular to a system and method for promoting depression comorbidity of mice under chronic stress. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern life, chronic stress is ubiquitous, such as chronic diseases, sleep disorders, and chronic wasting diseases, and so on. Chronic stress factors have been bothering human health. Chronic stress affects human health mainly through the neuroendocrine mechanism. Under the condition of long-term chronic stress, the endocrine hormones of the human body are disordered, some are elevated, and some are reduced. Some hormones will affect people's emotions, such as anxiety and depression, and some will even affect the gastrointestinal and digestive functions, affecting the overall living conditions, including sleep disorders, and some will show skin diseases and the like.

[0003] In the prior art, experiments have been conducted on mice to obtain the relationship between chronic stress and neuroendocrine. When the mice are tested, it is necessary to promote the depression of the mice to facilitate subsequent research. However, at present, there is no system device capable of promoting the depression of mice in the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a system and method for promoting depression comorbidity of mice under chronic stress to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a system and method for promoting depression comorbidity of mice under chronic stress, which solves the problem that there is no system device capable of promoting the depression of mice in the prior art mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a system for promoting depression comorbidity of mice under chronic stress, comprising a base, wherein one end of the top of the base is provided with an island model device;

[0007] The island model device comprises an island water bucket, an island terrace, a sealed bucket cover, a rotary drive assembly and a light alternately irradiating assembly. The island water bucket is arranged at one end of the top of the base. The island terrace is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the island water bucket. The top of the island terrace is provided with a smooth surface. Water is contained in the inside of the island water bucket around the island terrace. The sealed bucket cover is threadedly connected to the top of the island water bucket. The rotary drive assembly and the light alternately irradiating assembly are arranged at the top of the sealed bucket cover.

[0008] The top of the base is also provided with a depression detection device, which comprises an exploration detection system and a sugar water intake detection system.

[0009] Through the above technical scheme, the mouse is placed on the island terrace surrounded by water by using the island model device, and the rotating drive assembly is arranged on the top of the island to drive the light alternating irradiation assembly to operate, so that the light and darkness of the island terrace on which the mouse stands is alternately changed, and the progress of the depression of the mouse is accelerated.

[0010] Preferably, the exploration detection system comprises a circular open space, a movable channel, a climbing vertical rod and a climbing horizontal rod, the circular open space is opened in the top of the base, the movable channel is arranged around the circular open space and communicates with the inside of the circular open space, the climbing vertical rod is installed in the inside of the circular open space, and the climbing horizontal rod is equidistantly arranged outside the climbing vertical rod.

[0011] Preferably, the sugar water intake detection system comprises an intake barrel and a feeding trough, the intake barrel is arranged at one end of the base away from the island water tank, and the feeding trough is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the intake barrel.

[0012] Through the above technical scheme, the mouse trained by the island is placed in the intake barrel, so as to facilitate the intake of the sugar water in the feeding trough, and the depression of the mouse is detected by observing the amount of sugar water intake.

[0013] The exploration detection system and the sugar water intake detection system are used to detect the depression of the mouse, which can further promote the research progress of the influence of chronic stress on human life, and is beneficial to the actual application.

[0014] Preferably, the light alternating irradiation assembly comprises a light transmission window, a protective glass, an illumination support, an illumination lamp, a rotating shaft, a fixing frame and a shielding ring, the light transmission window is opened in the top of the sealing barrel cover and is arranged in a fan-shaped structure, the protective glass is installed in the inside of the light transmission window, the illumination support is installed outside the island water tank, the illumination lamp is installed at the bottom of the illumination support and located directly above the light transmission window, the rotating shaft rotates in the top of the sealing barrel cover, the fixing frame is fixed at the top of the rotating shaft, the shielding ring is fixed at the bottom of the fixing frame, the bottom of the shielding ring slides in the top of the sealing barrel cover, and an opening with a size larger than that of the light transmission window is further opened outside the shielding ring.

[0015] Through the technical scheme, when the rotating shaft rotates, the fixed frame can drive the shielding ring to rotate, when the gap outside the shielding ring coincides with the light transmission window, the light emitted by the illuminating lamp will enter the inside of the island water bucket through the light transmission window, illuminating the inside of the island water bucket, simulating daytime, on the contrary, when the gap outside the shielding ring does not coincide with the light transmission window, the light emitted by the illuminating lamp cannot enter the inside of the island water bucket, so that the inside of the island water bucket presents a dark state, simulating night. Further, the rapid and repeated alternation of day and night is better realized, and the purpose of disturbing the mouse's work and rest and destroying the mouse's psychological defense line is achieved.

[0016] Preferably, the rotating drive assembly comprises a driven gear, a driving motor and a driving gear, the driven gear is fixed outside the rotating shaft, the driving motor is installed on the top of the sealed bucket cover and located on one side of the rotating shaft, and the driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor and is in meshing connection with the driven gear.

[0017] Through the technical scheme, the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driven gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to drive the fixed frame and the shielding ring to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of air holes are equidistantly arranged on the top of the sealed bucket cover and around the rotating shaft.

[0019] Through the technical scheme, the air holes can conveniently provide oxygen for the mice to ensure their survival.

[0020] Preferably, an annular groove is arranged on the top of the sealed bucket cover, and a plurality of balls are equidistantly installed on the bottom of the shielding ring and are in rolling connection in the annular groove.

[0021] Through the technical scheme, the cooperation between the balls and the annular groove can reduce the friction between the shielding ring and the sealed bucket cover, so that the rotation operation is better.

[0022] Preferably, the illuminating lamp and the driving motor are electrically connected with an external power supply.

[0023] Through the technical scheme, the external power supply can supply power for the illuminating lamp and the driving motor, so as to be convenient to use.

[0024] A method for promoting depression comorbidity of mice by chronic stress, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1, rotating to open the sealed bucket cover, filling water in the inside of the island water bucket, the water level being the same as the height of the island terrace, and placing a healthy mouse on the island terrace for island training, then rotating to close the sealed bucket cover, and electrically connecting the illuminating lamp and the driving motor with an external power supply to make the illuminating lamp and the driving motor work under power.

[0026] S2, the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driven gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to drive the fixed frame and the shielding ring to rotate, when the gap outside the shielding ring coincides with the light transmission window, the light emitted by the illuminating lamp will enter the inside of the island water bucket through the light transmission window, and the inside of the island water bucket is illuminated, simulating daytime, on the contrary, when the gap outside the shielding ring does not coincide with the light transmission window, the light emitted by the illuminating lamp cannot enter the inside of the island water bucket, so that the inside of the island water bucket presents a dark state, simulating night;

[0027] S3, the mouse in the island water bucket is taken out and placed in the inside of the circular open space, whether it explores in the inside of the circular open space is observed, whether it enters the inside of the activity channel to explore is observed, and whether it climbs to the climbing vertical rod and the climbing horizontal rod to explore is observed;

[0028] S4, the mouse after exploration is placed in the inside of the intake bucket, and a group of mice without island training is placed in the inside of another group of intake buckets, sugar water is placed in the inside of the feeding trough, and the amount of sugar water taken by the mice is observed at the same time.

[0029] The application provides a system and method for promoting mouse depression comorbidity under chronic stress, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The system and method for promoting mouse depression comorbidity under chronic stress set an island model device, place the mouse on an island balcony surrounded by water, and set a rotating drive assembly on the top of the island balcony to drive a light alternating irradiation assembly to work, thereby realizing the alternating change of light and darkness on the island balcony where the mouse stands, thereby accelerating the progress of depression in the mouse, and using the exploration detection system and the sugar water intake detection system to detect the depression of the mouse, which can further promote the research progress of the influence of chronic stress on human life, and is beneficial to practical application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a first perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a second perspective three-dimensional split structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a third perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a fourth perspective three-dimensional split structure schematic diagram of the application.

[0035] In the figure: 1, base; 2, island water bucket; 3, island terrace; 4, sealed bucket cover; 5, circular open space; 6, movable channel; 7, climbing vertical rod; 8, climbing horizontal rod; 9, taking bucket; 10, feeding trough; 11, light transmission window; 12, protective glass; 13, lighting support; 14, lighting lamp; 15, rotating shaft; 16, fixing frame; 17, shielding ring; 18, driven gear; 19, driving motor; 20, driving gear; 21, air hole; 22, annular groove; 23, ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The application is further described in detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0037] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the embodiment of the application provides a system for promoting depression comorbidity of mice under chronic stress, comprising a base 1, wherein one end of the top of the base 1 is provided with an island model device;

[0038] The island model device comprises an island water bucket 2, an island terrace 3, a sealed bucket cover 4, a rotating driving assembly and a light alternately irradiating assembly, the island water bucket 2 is arranged at one end of the top of the base 1, and the island terrace 3 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the island water bucket 2. The height of the island terrace 3 is less than the height of the inner wall of the island water bucket 2. The top of the island terrace 3 is provided with a smooth surface, so that the mouse is restless on the top of the island terrace 3. Water is contained around the island terrace 3 in the island water bucket 2, the habit of the mouse being afraid of water is utilized, so that the mouse cannot approach the surroundings, and the mouse feels fear in the heart. The sealed bucket cover 4 is threadedly connected to the top of the island water bucket 2. Air holes 21 are equidistantly arranged on the top of the sealed bucket cover 4 and around the rotating shaft 15. The air holes 21 are used to conveniently provide oxygen for the mouse to ensure its survival. The rotating driving assembly and the light alternately irradiating assembly are both arranged on the top of the sealed bucket cover 4.

[0039] By arranging the island model device, the mouse is placed on the island terrace 3 surrounded by water, and the rotating driving assembly is arranged on the top of the island terrace 3 to drive the light alternately irradiating assembly to operate, so that the island terrace 3 on which the mouse stands is alternately changed between light and darkness, and the progress of the mouse appearing depression is accelerated.

[0040] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2In one aspect of the embodiment, the top of the base 1 is further provided with a depression detection device, which comprises an exploration detection system and a sugar water intake detection system. The sugar water intake detection system is arranged at the end of the base 1 away from the island model device, and the exploration detection system is arranged on the top of the base 1 between the island model device and the sugar water intake detection system.

[0041] The exploration detection system and the sugar water intake detection system can be used to detect the depression of mice, which can further promote the research progress of the influence of chronic stress on human living conditions and is beneficial to practical application.

[0042] The exploration detection system comprises a circular open space 5, an activity channel 6, a climbing vertical rod 7 and a climbing horizontal rod 8. The circular open space 5 is arranged on the top of the base 1. The activity channel 6 is arranged around the circular open space 5 and communicates with the inside of the circular open space 5, so as to facilitate the mouse to enter the inside of the activity channel 6 from the inside of the circular open space 5 for exploration. The climbing vertical rod 7 is installed in the inside of the circular open space 5, and the climbing horizontal rod 8 is arranged equidistantly on the outside of the climbing vertical rod 7, so as to facilitate the mouse to climb to the climbing horizontal rod 8 through the climbing vertical rod 7 for exploration.

[0043] The sugar water intake detection system comprises an intake barrel 9 and a feeding trough 10. The intake barrel 9 is arranged at the end of the base 1 away from the island water bucket 2. The feeding trough 10 is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the intake barrel 9, and sugar water is placed in the inside of the feeding trough 10. The mouse trained by the island is placed in the inside of the intake barrel 9, so as to facilitate the mouse to intake the sugar water in the inside of the feeding trough 10. Whether the mouse is depressed can be detected by observing the amount of sugar water intake by the mouse.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4In one aspect of the embodiment, the light alternately irradiating assembly comprises a light-transmitting window 11, a protective glass 12, an illuminating support 13, an illuminating lamp 14, a rotating shaft 15, a fixing frame 16 and a shielding ring 17. The light-transmitting window 11 is arranged on the top of the sealing barrel cover 4 in a fan shape. The protective glass 12 is arranged inside the light-transmitting window 11. The illuminating support 13 is arranged outside the island water bucket 2. The illuminating lamp 14 is arranged on the bottom of the illuminating support 13 and directly above the light-transmitting window 11, so that the light emitted by the illuminating lamp 14 can enter the island water bucket 2 through the light-transmitting window 11. The rotating shaft 15 is arranged on the top of the sealing barrel cover 4. The fixing frame 16 is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft 15. The shielding ring 17 is arranged on the bottom of the fixing frame 16. The bottom of the shielding ring 17 is arranged on the top of the sealing barrel cover 4. An opening is arranged on the outside of the shielding ring 17, and the size of the opening is larger than that of the light-transmitting window 11, so that the shielding ring 17 can not shield the light-transmitting window 11.

[0045] When the rotating shaft 15 rotates, the fixing frame 16 drives the shielding ring 17 to rotate. When the opening on the outside of the shielding ring 17 coincides with the light-transmitting window 11, the light emitted by the illuminating lamp 14 can enter the island water bucket 2 through the light-transmitting window 11, so that the inside of the island water bucket 2 is illuminated, simulating daytime. On the contrary, when the opening on the outside of the shielding ring 17 does not coincide with the light-transmitting window 11, the light emitted by the illuminating lamp 14 cannot enter the island water bucket 2, so that the inside of the island water bucket 2 is dark, simulating night. Thus, the rapid alternation of night and day is realized, so as to disturb the work and rest of the mice and destroy the psychological defense of the mice.

[0046] An annular groove 22 is arranged on the top of the sealing barrel cover 4. A plurality of balls 23 are equidistantly arranged on the bottom of the shielding ring 17, and the balls 23 are rotatably connected inside the annular groove 22. The cooperation between the balls 23 and the annular groove 22 can reduce the friction between the shielding ring 17 and the sealing barrel cover 4, so that the rotation of the shielding ring 17 is facilitated.

[0047] The rotating driving assembly comprises a driven gear 18, a driving motor 19 and a driving gear 20. The driven gear 18 is fixed on the outside of the rotating shaft 15. The driving motor 19 is arranged on the top of the sealing barrel cover 4 and located on one side of the rotating shaft 15. The driving gear 20 is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor 19, and the driving gear 20 is meshingly connected with the driven gear 18.

[0048] The driving motor 19 drives the driving gear 20 to rotate, and the driven gear 18 drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, so as to drive the fixing frame 16 and the shielding ring 17 to rotate.

[0049] In one aspect of the embodiment, the lighting lamp 14 and the driving motor 19 are both electrically connected with an external power supply. The external power supply can supply power to the lighting lamp 14 and the driving motor 19, thereby facilitating use.

[0050] A method for promoting depression comorbidity in mice by chronic stress, comprising the following steps:

[0051] First, the sealed barrel cover 4 is rotated to open, water is poured into the inside of the island water bucket 2 to a height equal to that of the island deck 3, and a healthy mouse is placed on the island deck 3 for island training. The mouse is afraid of water and cannot approach the surroundings, and at the same time, the top of the island deck 3 is provided with a smooth surface, so that the mouse is restless on the top of the island deck 3.

[0052] Then the sealed barrel cover 4 is rotated to close, and the lighting lamp 14 and the driving motor 19 are electrically connected with an external power supply, so that the lighting lamp 14 and the driving motor 19 are powered on. At this time, the driving motor 19 drives the driving gear 20 to rotate, and the driven gear 18 drives the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed frame 16 and the shielding ring 17 to rotate. When the gap on the outside of the shielding ring 17 coincides with the light transmission window 11, the light emitted by the lighting lamp 14 will enter the inside of the island water bucket 2 through the light transmission window 11 to illuminate the inside of the island water bucket 2, simulating daytime. Conversely, when the gap on the outside of the shielding ring 17 does not coincide with the light transmission window 11, the light emitted by the lighting lamp 14 will not enter the inside of the island water bucket 2, so that the inside of the island water bucket 2 is in a dark state, simulating night, thereby better realizing the rapid and repeated alternation of day and night, and achieving the purpose of disturbing the mouse's work and sleep and destroying the mouse's psychological defense line.

[0053] After the island training is completed, the mouse inside the island water bucket 2 is taken out and placed inside the circular open space 5, and whether it explores inside the circular open space 5 is observed. Whether it enters the inside of the activity channel 6 to explore is observed, and whether it climbs to the climbing vertical rod 7 and the climbing horizontal rod 8 to explore is observed. If it explores, the mouse is not depressed, and vice versa, the mouse is depressed.

[0054] And the mouse after exploration can also be placed inside the intake barrel 9, and a group of mice without island training are placed inside another group of intake barrels 9. Both groups are placed with sugar water in the feeding trough 10, and the amount of sugar water taken by the mice is observed at the same time. If the amount of sugar water taken by the mouse after island training is significantly lower than that of the mouse without island training, the mouse is depressed, and vice versa, the mouse is not depressed.

[0055] Through setting the island model device, the mouse is placed on the island balcony 3 surrounded by water, and a rotating driving assembly is arranged on the top of the island balcony 3 to drive the light alternating irradiation assembly to work, so that the island balcony 3 on which the mouse stands is alternately changed between light and darkness, and then the progress of the mouse appearing depression is accelerated.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for chronic stress promoting depressive comorbidity in mice, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, An island model device is provided at one end of the top of the base (1); The isolated island model device includes an isolated island water tank (2), an isolated island terrace (3), a sealed tank lid (4), a rotation drive assembly, and an alternating light illumination assembly. The isolated island water tank (2) is located at one end of the top of the base (1). The isolated island terrace (3) is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the isolated island water tank (2). The top of the isolated island terrace (3) is set as a smooth surface. Water is contained inside the isolated island water tank (2) and around the isolated island terrace (3). The sealed tank lid (4) is threaded to the top of the isolated island water tank (2). The rotation drive assembly and the alternating light illumination assembly are both located on the top of the sealed tank lid (4). The base (1) is also provided with a depression detection device at the top. The depression detection device includes an exploration detection system and a sugar water intake detection system. The sugar water intake detection system is located at one end of the base (1) away from the island model device. The exploration detection system is located at the top of the base (1) and between the island model device and the sugar water intake detection system. The exploration and detection system includes a circular open space (5), an activity channel (6), climbing poles (7) and climbing crossbars (8). The circular open space (5) is located on the top of the base (1). The activity channel (6) is located around the circular open space (5) and communicates with the interior of the circular open space (5). The climbing poles (7) are installed inside the circular open space (5). The climbing crossbars (8) are equidistantly arranged on the outside of the climbing poles (7). The sugar water intake detection system includes an intake bucket (9) and a feeding trough (10). The intake bucket (9) is located at one end of the base (1) away from the isolated water bucket (2). The feeding trough (10) is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the intake bucket (9). Sugar water is placed inside the feeding trough (10).

2. The system for promoting chronic stress-induced comorbid depression in mice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alternating illumination assembly includes a light-transmitting window (11), a protective glass (12), a lighting bracket (13), a lighting lamp (14), a rotating shaft (15), a fixing frame (16), and a shielding ring (17). The light-transmitting window (11) is located on the top of the sealed bucket lid (4) and is configured as a fan-shaped structure. The protective glass (12) is installed inside the light-transmitting window (11). The lighting bracket (13) is installed on the outside of the isolated water bucket (2). The lighting lamp (14) is installed at the bottom of the lighting bracket (13) and located directly above the light-transmitting window (11). The rotating shaft (15) rotates on the top of the sealed bucket lid (4). The fixing frame (16) is fixed on the top of the rotating shaft (15). The shielding ring (17) is fixed on the bottom of the fixing frame (16). The bottom of the shielding ring (17) slides on the top of the sealed bucket lid (4). The outer side of the shielding ring (17) also has a notch larger than the light-transmitting window (11).

3. The system for promoting chronic stress-induced comorbid depression in mice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary drive assembly includes a driven gear (18), a drive motor (19), and a drive gear (20). The driven gear (18) is fixed on the outside of the rotating shaft (15). The drive motor (19) is mounted on the top of the sealing barrel cover (4) and located on one side of the rotating shaft (15). The drive gear (20) is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor (19) and meshes with the driven gear (18).

4. The system for promoting chronic stress-induced comorbid depression in mice according to claim 2, characterized in that, Ventilation holes (21) are provided at equal intervals on the top of the sealed barrel cover (4) and around the rotating shaft (15).

5. The system for promoting chronic stress-induced comorbid depression in mice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the sealing barrel cover (4) is provided with an annular groove (22), and the bottom of the shielding ring (17) is equidistantly equipped with balls (23), and the balls (23) are all connected to roll inside the annular groove (22).

6. The system for promoting chronic stress-induced comorbid depression in mice according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the lighting lamp (14) and the drive motor (19) are electrically connected to an external power source.

7. The system for promoting chronic stress-induced comorbid depression in mice according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The system employs the following steps: S1. Rotate to open the sealed bucket lid (4), fill the water tank (2) inside the island with water, and make the water level the same as the height of the island terrace (3). Place the healthy mouse on the island terrace (3) for island training. Then rotate to close the sealed bucket lid (4) and connect the lighting lamp (14) and drive motor (19) to the external power source so that the lighting lamp (14) and drive motor (19) are powered on. S2. The drive motor (19) drives the active gear (20) to rotate, and the driven gear (18) drives the rotating shaft (15) to rotate, thereby driving the fixed frame (16) and the shielding ring (17) to rotate. When the notch on the outside of the shielding ring (17) coincides with the light-transmitting window (11), the light emitted by the lighting lamp (14) will enter the interior of the isolated water tank (2) through the light-transmitting window (11) to illuminate the interior of the isolated water tank (2) and simulate daytime. Conversely, when the notch on the outside of the shielding ring (17) does not coincide with the light-transmitting window (11), the light emitted by the lighting lamp (14) will not be able to enter the interior of the isolated water tank (2), thus making the interior of the isolated water tank (2) dark and simulating night. S3. Take the mouse out of the water bucket (2) on the island and place it inside the circular open space (5). Observe whether it explores inside the circular open space (5), whether it enters the activity channel (6) to explore, and whether it climbs to the climbing pole (7) and the climbing bar (8) to explore. S4. After exploration, the mice were placed inside the feeding bucket (9), and a group of mice that had not undergone island training were placed inside another feeding bucket (9). Sugar water was placed inside the feeding trough (10) of both groups, and the amount of sugar water ingested by the mice was observed at the same time.

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