A laser shock peening device and method for bearing ring surface

Abstract

This invention relates to a laser shock peening device and method for the surface of bearing races, comprising a base, a horizontal moving mechanism and a fixed seat, the horizontal moving mechanism being connected to an adjusting mechanism to drive the adjusting mechanism toward or away from the fixed seat, a robotic arm being mounted at the end of the adjusting mechanism, and a laser being connected to the end of the robotic arm, the fixed seat being provided with a rotating drive component, the rotating part of the rotating drive component being connected to an electromagnetic chuck assembly for adsorbing the bearing races, the fixed part of the rotating drive component being coaxially connected to a telescopic drive component, the telescopic part of the telescopic drive component passing through the chuck assembly and being rotatably connected to a chuck assembly, the device of this invention improves the processing quality of laser shock peening of bearing races.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser processing treatment, in particular to a laser shock peening device and method for bearing ring surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements herein are provided only to complement the background of the present application and are not necessarily prior art.

[0003] Laser shock peening (LSP) is a non-contact surface modification technology for metal materials using high-energy laser beams. It is based on the effects of high-pressure shock waves, temperature and strain fields generated by laser beams on metal surfaces, which cause plastic deformation of the metal surface, increase the dislocation density of the microstructure, produce large-angle grain boundaries, refine the grain size to nanocrystalline, and form residual compressive stress, thereby improving the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material surface.

[0004] Rolling bearings play an important role in engineering, as they bear the important task of supporting and transmitting loads. Through reasonable selection and configuration, rolling bearings can support loads in various directions, including radial loads, axial loads and rectangular loads. Existing surface treatment technologies for bearings include plating treatment, coating treatment and nitriding treatment, etc. Laser shock peening technology, as a new surface modification technology, can form a residual compressive stress layer on the raceway surface layer, which can improve the fatigue resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the bearing, and also prolong the service life and reliability of the bearing.

[0005] CN115029543A discloses a laser shock peening device and method for thin-wall bearing inner ring, but the laser ray emission angle cannot be adjusted, the laser ray cannot be kept perpendicular to the raceway surface, and thus the uniform impact of the laser beam on the raceway cannot be guaranteed, resulting in uneven impact depth and unstable lap rate. Moreover, the bearing ring is positioned by the positioning sleeve and the supporting rib plate, which has poor centering performance, and the bearing raceway is prone to micro-motion in six degrees of freedom during processing, affecting the quality of laser shock peening. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a laser shock peening device and method for bearing ring surface, which can uniformly impact the raceway with the laser beam, guarantee the impact effect, and have high centering performance, thereby avoiding micro-motion of the bearing ring during processing.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a laser shock peening device for bearing ring surface, comprising a base, the base is provided with a horizontal moving mechanism and a fixed seat, the horizontal moving mechanism is connected with an adjusting mechanism to drive the adjusting mechanism to move towards or away from the fixed seat, the end of the adjusting mechanism is provided with a mechanical arm, the end of the mechanical arm is connected with a laser, the fixed seat is provided with a rotating drive part, the rotating part of the rotating drive part is connected with an electromagnetic chuck assembly for adsorbing the bearing ring, the fixed part of the rotating drive part is coaxially connected with a telescopic drive part, the telescopic part of the telescopic drive part passes through the electromagnetic chuck assembly and is rotatably connected with a chuck assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the rotating drive part adopts a hollow rotating platform, the fixed part of the hollow rotating platform is fixed on the fixed seat, and the rotating part is connected with the electromagnetic chuck assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the telescopic drive part adopts a first electric telescopic rod, the fixed part of the first electric telescopic rod is connected with the fixed part of the rotating drive part, and the telescopic part is connected with the chuck assembly after passing through the rotating drive part and the electromagnetic chuck assembly.

[0011] Optionally, the chuck assembly adopts a multi-jaw chuck.

[0012] Optionally, a pressure detection element is mounted on the jaw of the chuck assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the mechanical arm comprises a first joint, the first end of the first joint is connected with the first end of a second joint through a first joint motor arranged horizontally along an axis, the end of the second joint is connected with the first end of a third joint through a second joint motor arranged horizontally along an axis, and the end of the third joint is connected with the laser.

[0014] Optionally, the end of the mechanical arm is further provided with a water jet pipe located on the side of the laser, and the water jet pipe is connected with a water supply mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the adjusting mechanism comprises a second electric telescopic rod arranged vertically along an axis, the fixed part of the second electric telescopic rod is connected with the horizontal moving mechanism, the telescopic part of the second electric telescopic rod is connected with the fixed part of a third electric telescopic rod, the third electric telescopic rod is arranged horizontally along an axis, and the telescopic part of the third electric telescopic rod is connected with the mechanical arm.

[0016] Optionally, the horizontal moving mechanism adopts a lead screw transmission mechanism.

[0017] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a working method of the laser shock peening device for bearing ring surface in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The telescopic drive part drives the chuck assembly to extend out, the chuck assembly is used to clamp the bearing ring to be processed, and the bearing ring is adsorbed and fixed by the chuck assembly;

[0019] The horizontal moving mechanism cooperates with the adjusting mechanism to drive the laser to move to a set position above the bearing ring;

[0020] The rotating driving member works to drive the bearing ring to rotate around its axis, and meanwhile, the laser is started, and the laser beam emitted by the laser irradiates on the surface of the bearing ring raceway to realize the laser shock strengthening of the bearing ring.

[0021] During the strengthening process, the mechanical arm drives the laser to swing so that the laser ray always keeps vertical to the surface of the raceway.

[0022] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The laser shock strengthening device of the present application is provided with a mechanical arm connected with the laser, and the laser can adjust the emission angle of the laser beam through the mechanical arm, so that the laser beam always keeps vertical to the surface of the raceway of the bearing ring during the laser shock strengthening process, thereby ensuring the uniform impact of the laser beam on the raceway, the uniform impact depth and the stable lap rate, and improving the processing quality of the laser shock strengthening.

[0024] 2. The laser shock strengthening device of the present application is provided with the electromagnetic chuck assembly and the chuck assembly to jointly position the bearing ring, the electromagnetic chuck assembly can fix the axial direction of the bearing ring, and the chuck assembly can fix the radial direction of the bearing ring, thereby reducing the micro-motion problem of the bearing ring during the processing process and avoiding the uneven impact on the surface of the raceway.

[0025] 3. The laser shock strengthening device of the present application is provided with the chuck assembly rotatably connected with the telescopic part of the telescopic driving member, so that the chuck assembly and the electromagnetic chuck assembly are provided in a split type, which is different from the existing integrated self-centering magnetic chuck with a clamping jaw, avoids the magnetic phenomenon of the clamping jaw caused by the long magnetization time, avoids the phenomena of the micro-motion of the bearing ring and the wear of the contact surface of the chuck caused by the loose positioning, realizes the non-magnetic clamping of the clamping jaw, accurately controls the clamping force and avoids the wear of the chuck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part thereof, serve to further provide a further understanding of the present application, and together with the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application and the explanation thereof serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the electromagnetic chuck assembly and the chuck assembly with the bearing ring of the embodiment 1 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 3It is the cooperation schematic diagram of the electromagnetic chuck assembly and chuck assembly of the embodiment 1 of the application and the bearing ring Figure 2 ;

[0030] Wherein, 1. driving motor, 2. screw rod, 3. second electric telescopic rod, 4. third electric telescopic rod, 5. first joint, 6. second joint, 7. third joint, 8. bolt, 9. water jet pipe, 10. laser, 11. electromagnetic chuck, 12. bearing ring, 13. pressure sensor, 14. four-jaw chuck, 15. hollow rotary platform, 16. first electric telescopic rod, 17. force display control instrument, 18. aluminum sheet, 19. bolt, 20. fixed seat, 21. control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] For the convenience of description, if "upper" and "lower" appear in the application, it only means that it is consistent with the upper and lower directions of the drawing itself, and does not limit the structure, only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or suggestive of the device or element must have a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The embodiment provides a kind of laser shock peening device of bearing ring surface, as shown in Figure 1 It is fixed on the ground base, the horizontal moving mechanism and fixed seat 20 are provided on the base, the horizontal moving mechanism is connected with the adjusting mechanism, can drive adjusting mechanism towards or away from fixed seat movement.

[0034] The adjusting mechanism is connected with mechanical arm, the end of mechanical arm is connected with laser 10 by bolt 8, laser 10 is used to emit laser beam to bearing ring 12 raceway surface, and laser shock peening is carried out to bearing ring 12.

[0035] In the embodiment, the horizontal moving mechanism adopts screw rod transmission mechanism, including driving motor 1, driving motor 1 is fixed on the base, the output shaft of driving motor 1 is connected with one end of screw rod 2 with horizontal axis, both ends of screw rod are rotatably connected with bearing seat, bearing seat is fixed on the base, screw rod 2 is screw connected with screw block, and screw block is slidably connected with the base through slide rail on the base.

[0036] Supporting plate is provided on screw block, and adjusting mechanism is installed on supporting plate.

[0037] In the embodiment, the adjusting mechanism comprises a second electric telescopic rod 3 and a third electric telescopic rod 4, the second electric telescopic rod 3 can be an existing electric telescopic rod, the axis of which is vertically arranged, and comprises a fixed part and a telescopic part, wherein the bottom end of the fixed part is fixedly connected with the supporting plate, and the top end of the telescopic part is connected with the third electric telescopic rod 4.

[0038] The third electric telescopic rod 4 can be an existing electric telescopic rod, the axis of which is horizontally arranged, and also comprises a fixed part and a telescopic part, wherein the fixed part is connected with the end of the telescopic part of the second electric telescopic rod 3, and the end of the telescopic part is connected with the first end of the mechanical arm.

[0039] The mechanical arm is a three-joint mechanical arm, comprising a first joint 5, a second joint 6 and a third joint 7 arranged in sequence, wherein the first end of the first joint 5 is connected with the end of the telescopic part of the third electric telescopic rod 4, the end of the first joint 5 is provided with a first joint motor, the axis of the first joint motor is horizontally arranged, the output shaft of the first joint motor is connected with the first end of the second joint 6, and the first joint motor can drive the second joint 6 to swing relative to the first joint 5 in a vertical plane.

[0040] The end of the second joint 6 is provided with a second joint motor, the axis of the second joint motor is horizontally arranged, the output shaft of the second joint motor is connected with the first end of the third joint 7, and the second joint motor can drive the third joint 7 to swing relative to the second joint 6 in a vertical plane.

[0041] The end of the third joint 7 is fixed with a laser 10 through a bolt 8, and the end of the third joint 7 is also fixed with a water spraying pipe 9, the water spraying pipe 9 is connected with a water supply mechanism, and the water spraying pipe 9 is used for spraying water to the raceway surface of the bearing ring 12 to form a water constraint layer.

[0042] The water supply mechanism comprises a water tank, the outlet of the water tank is connected with the inlet of a water pump through a pipeline, and the outlet of the water pump is connected with the water spraying pipe through a pipeline.

[0043] The fixed seat 20 comprises a fixed table, the fixed table is fixedly connected with the base, a fixed plate is arranged on the fixed table, a rotating driving element is mounted on the fixed plate, the axis of the rotating driving element is horizontally arranged, and the rotating driving element can output rotation around the horizontal axis.

[0044] In the embodiment, the rotating driving element is a hollow rotating platform 15, which can be an existing device, and the specific structure thereof will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The fixed part of the hollow rotating platform 15 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate, and the rotary motion part is coaxially connected with the electromagnetic chuck assembly, and can drive the electromagnetic chuck assembly to make rotary motion around the axis thereof.

[0046] As Figures 2-3As shown, the electromagnetic chuck assembly includes a ring-shaped electromagnetic chuck 11, one end of which is fixedly connected with the rotating movement part of the hollow rotating platform 15, and the other end face is fixed with an aluminum sheet 18 through a plurality of bolts 19, which is used to contact the end face of the bearing ring 12.

[0047] The hollow rotating platform 15 is provided with an electromagnetic chuck assembly on one side, and a telescopic driving member coaxial with the electromagnetic chuck assembly is arranged on the other side. The telescopic driving member is an existing telescopic motor or a first electric telescopic rod 16. Preferably, the first electric telescopic rod 16 is used.

[0048] The first electric telescopic rod 16 is coaxially arranged with the hollow rotating platform 15 and the electromagnetic chuck assembly. The first electric telescopic rod 16 can be an existing electric telescopic rod, which includes a fixed part and a telescopic part. The fixed part of the first electric telescopic rod 16 is fixedly connected with the fixed part of the hollow rotating platform 15 through a connecting frame, and the telescopic part is rotatably connected with a chuck assembly through a bearing after passing through the hollow rotating platform 15 and the electromagnetic chuck assembly.

[0049] The chuck assembly adopts a multi-jaw chuck, such as a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck. Preferably, a four-jaw chuck 14 is used. In this embodiment, the four-jaw chuck 14 is a manual four-jaw chuck or an electric four-jaw chuck. Preferably, an electric four-jaw chuck is used.

[0050] At least one end of the chuck of the electric four-jaw chuck is provided with a pressure detection element, which is a pressure sensor 13, for detecting the pressure applied by the chuck to the inner side of the bearing ring 12.

[0051] In this embodiment, the four-jaw chuck 14 and the electromagnetic chuck assembly are separately arranged. Compared with the existing integrated self-centering magnetic chuck with a chuck, the four-jaw chuck 14 and the electromagnetic chuck assembly avoid the phenomenon of chuck magnetism caused by long magnetization time, and avoid the phenomenon of bearing ring micro-motion and chuck contact surface wear caused by loose positioning. The chuck does not have magnetic clamping, the clamping force is accurate, and the wear of the chuck is avoided.

[0052] The electric four-jaw chuck, the electromagnetic chuck 11, the mechanical arm, the adjusting mechanism, and the horizontal moving mechanism are connected with a control system 21 inside the base, and are controlled by the control system 21. The pressure sensor 13 is connected with the control system 21, and can transmit the detected pressure information to the control system.

[0053] The control system 21 is connected with an upper computer, and a worker can send instructions to the control system through the upper computer. The pressure sensor 13 is connected with a force display control instrument 17 through the control system 21, and can display the detected pressure value on the force display control instrument 17.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for operating the laser shock peening device for the bearing ring surface described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Pre-process the bearing ring 12 to be machined, including the following specific steps:

[0057] Step 1.1: After cleaning the bearing ring 12 to be processed with deionized water, perform ultrasonic degreasing cleaning on the surface of the bearing ring 12 in an ethanol solution and then dry it to remove oil stains from the surface of the bearing ring 12.

[0058] Step 1.2: Apply 100µm black tape as a restraining layer to the raceway surface of the bearing ring 12.

[0059] Step 2: Set the laser parameters of the laser 10 through the control system 21 to ensure that the laser power density exceeds the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) of the bearing ring 12 to be processed.

[0060] Step 3: The first electric telescopic rod 16 drives the four-jaw chuck 14 to extend to the outside of the electromagnetic chuck assembly, and puts the bearing ring 12 to be processed on the outer circumference of the jaws of the four-jaw chuck 14. At the same time, the end face of the bearing ring 12 is put into contact with the aluminum sheet 18 of the electromagnetic chuck 11. The control system 21 controls the four-jaw chuck 14 to move. The jaws of the four-jaw chuck 14 move radially outward. The jaws apply pressure to the inner side of the bearing ring 12 until the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 13 reaches the set value. At the same time, the control system 21 controls the electromagnetic chuck 11 to be magnetized, and the electromagnetic chuck 11 and the bearing ring 12 are attracted and fixed.

[0061] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic chuck assembly and the four-jaw chuck 14 together position the bearing ring 12. The electromagnetic chuck assembly can fix the bearing ring 12 axially, and the four-jaw chuck 14 can fix the bearing ring 12 radially, reducing the micro-movement problem of the bearing ring 12 during processing and avoiding uneven impact on the rolling surface.

[0062] Step 4: The control system 21 controls the horizontal moving mechanism to move the adjusting mechanism, the robotic arm and the laser 10 to the set position. Then, the second electric telescopic rod 3 and the third electric telescopic rod 4 of the adjusting mechanism and the robotic arm work together to move the laser 10 above the bearing race 12 to be processed. The control system 21 controls the robotic arm to ensure that the light spot falls accurately on the raceway of the bearing race 12.

[0063] Turn on the water pump, and spray water from the water spray pipe 9 onto the raceway of the bearing ring 12 to form a water-constrained layer of 1-2 mm.

[0064] Step 5: Turn on the laser 10. The hollow rotating platform 15 drives the bearing ring 12 to rotate through the electromagnetic chuck 11. Since the four-jaw chuck 14 is rotatably connected to the telescopic part of the first electric telescopic rod 16, the four-jaw chuck 14 rotates passively. The output rotation speed of the hollow rotating platform 15 is determined according to the spot overlap rate and pulse width. In this embodiment, the spot overlap rate is set to 50% and the pulse width is 20ns.

[0065] After the bearing ring 12 rolls once, the robotic arm drives the laser 10 to swing, impacting and strengthening the new position of the raceway, changing the laser beam emission angle of the laser so that the laser beam is always perpendicular to the raceway surface.

[0066] Step 6: After the impact strengthening of the entire bearing ring 12 raceway surface is completed, the control system 21 controls the hollow rotary platform 15 to stop working, controls the electromagnetic chuck 11 to demagnetize, and controls the jaws of the four-jaw chuck 14 to retract, so as to remove the finished bearing ring 12. The bearing ring 12 raceway is cleaned and surface treated to reduce surface roughness. Finally, the raceway is lubricated. The surface treatment and lubrication methods can be the existing methods, and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] The laser shock peening device in this embodiment uses a robotic arm connected to a laser. The robotic arm can adjust the emission angle of the laser beam, ensuring that the laser beam remains perpendicular to the surface of the bearing raceway during the laser shock peening process. This guarantees uniform impact of the laser beam on the raceway, uniform impact depth, and stable overlap rate, thereby improving the processing quality of laser shock peening.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A working method of a laser shock peening device for a bearing ring surface, characterized in that, The chuck assembly is driven out by the telescopic driving member, the bearing ring to be machined is clamped by the chuck assembly, and the bearing ring is fixed by the chuck assembly and the suction cup assembly; the axial direction of the bearing ring can be fixed by the electromagnetic suction cup assembly, and the radial direction of the bearing ring can be fixed by the chuck assembly; The horizontal moving mechanism cooperates with the adjusting mechanism to drive the laser to move to the set position above the bearing ring; The rotating driving member works to drive the bearing ring to rotate around the axis of the bearing ring, and the laser is started at the same time, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser irradiates on the raceway surface of the bearing ring, and the laser impact strengthening of the bearing ring is realized; During the strengthening process, the mechanical arm drives the laser to swing, so that the laser ray and the surface of the raceway always keep perpendicular; The laser impact strengthening device for the surface of the bearing ring comprises a base, the base is provided with a horizontal moving mechanism and a fixed seat, the horizontal moving mechanism is connected with an adjusting mechanism to drive the adjusting mechanism to move towards or away from the fixed seat, the tail end of the adjusting mechanism is provided with a mechanical arm, the tail end of the mechanical arm is connected with a laser, the fixed seat is provided with a rotating driving member, the rotating part of the rotating driving member is connected with an electromagnetic suction cup assembly for adsorbing the bearing ring, the fixed part of the rotating driving member is coaxially connected with a telescopic driving member, and the telescopic part of the telescopic driving member penetrates through the electromagnetic suction cup assembly and is rotationally connected with a chuck assembly; The rotating driving member adopts a hollow rotating platform, the fixed part of the hollow rotating platform is fixed on the fixed seat, and the rotating part is connected with the electromagnetic suction cup assembly; The chuck assembly adopts a multi-jaw chuck; the fixed part of the first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the fixed part of the hollow rotating platform through a connecting frame, the telescopic part penetrates through the hollow rotating platform and the electromagnetic suction cup assembly, and is rotationally connected with the chuck assembly through a bearing, so that the chuck assembly and the electromagnetic suction cup assembly are arranged in a split mode; A pressure detection element is arranged on the jaw of the chuck assembly. The mechanical arm comprises a first joint, a first joint motor arranged in a horizontal shaft line and connected between the tail end of the first joint and the head end of a second joint, a second joint motor arranged in a horizontal shaft line and connected between the tail end of the second joint and the head end of a third joint, and the laser is connected to the tail end of the third joint.

2. A working method of a device for laser shock peening of a surface of a bearing ring of a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail end of the mechanical arm is further provided with a water spraying pipe located on one side of the laser, and the water spraying pipe is connected with a water supply mechanism.

3. A working method of a laser shock peening device for a surface of a bearing ring of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism comprises a second electric telescopic rod arranged in a vertical shaft line, a fixed part of the second electric telescopic rod connected with the horizontal moving mechanism, a telescopic part of the second electric telescopic rod connected with the fixed part of a third electric telescopic rod, the third electric telescopic rod arranged in a horizontal shaft line, and the telescopic part of the third electric telescopic rod connected with the mechanical arm.

4. A working method of a device for laser shock peening of a surface of a bearing ring of a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal moving mechanism adopts a lead screw transmission mechanism.

5. A working method of a device for laser shock peening of a surface of a bearing ring of a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​

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