A coupling test bench for the snaking motion and polygonal wear of high-speed train wheelsets

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and discloses a test bench for wheel wear of high-speed train wheelsets. The present invention provides an effective test verification platform for the study of the dynamic performance and wear of high-speed train wheelsets. The present invention comprises a cast iron platform, a track component, a wheelset axle box suspension device, a loading device, a detection device, and a drive system. The track wheel set is installed on the track support through a bearing, and is driven by the track wheel drive system through an elastic coupling; the wheelset is supported on the axle box body through a bearing, and is driven by the wheelset drive system through an elastic coupling; loading springs simulating a series of buffer devices are installed on both sides of the axle box, and are connected to the loading device through an axle box pull plate to achieve wheel positioning; the loading device applies a vertical load through the loading bolts of the upper crossbeam; the wheel-rail creep phenomenon is simulated by the speed difference, and a balancing screw is provided on the wheel to simulate the eccentricity of the wheel mass. The test bench is mainly used to study the vibration characteristics of the wheel-rail system and reproduce the polygonal wear phenomenon of the wheel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail transportation, in particular to a high-speed train wheel set snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous increase in the mileage of high-speed railways and the gradual increase in operating speed, the test research of high-speed trains has attracted much attention, and the construction of test benches has received wide attention. Japan and Germany have done a lot of research on the 1:1 full-scale test bench test of the whole vehicle. At present, the 1:1 full-scale test benches in China include the whole vehicle rolling test bench, such as the rolling vibration test bench of Southwest Jiaotong University and the rolling test bench of Dalian Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute; single wheel pair rolling test benches, such as the single wheel pair rolling vibration test bench of Shijiazhuang Railway University and the single wheel pair multifunctional test bench of East China Jiaotong University. Due to the huge and expensive construction of a 1:1 full-scale test bench, small-scale scaled test benches have been favored in recent years. There are similar 1:5 rolling test benches in Tongji University, Southwest Jiaotong University, and Beijing Jiaotong University in China. However, the existing test benches are still imperfect in the following aspects: (1) There are no reports on high-speed train test benches that take wheelset polygonal wear as the main research target; (2) There are no literature reports on high-speed train test benches that use structural similarity as the design criterion; (3) There are few discussions on high-speed train test benches that study the coupling of snaking and wear.

[0003] In order to make up for the above-mentioned deficiencies, a special test bench for the coupling of wheelset hunting and polygonal wear of high-speed trains was designed to provide an effective experimental verification platform for the comprehensive suppression research of wheelset hunting instability and polygonal wear of high-speed trains. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-speed train wheelset snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench, which provides an effective test verification platform for the dynamic analysis of the high-speed train wheelset snaking motion and the research on the polygonal wear mechanism of the wheels.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-speed train wheel set snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench includes a wheel set axle box suspension device, a track component, a loading device, a detection device, a wheel set drive system, a track wheel drive system and a cast iron platform. The wheel set axle box suspension device is composed of a wheel set, an axle box device, a pull plate axle box positioning device and a loading spring. The wheel set is connected to the loading frame column fixed on the cast iron platform through the axle box device through the double-sided single pull plate to realize the longitudinal and lateral positioning of the wheel set. The axle box device is installed with a loading spring to simulate a series of suspension spring devices; the track component is composed of a track wheel set and a support seat. The track wheel set is installed on the support seats on both sides by bearings. The support seat is fixed on the cast iron platform. The track component is arranged directly below the wheel set axle box suspension device and forms rolling contact with the wheel through the top of the track wheel. The wheel set drive system and the track wheel drive system are both composed of a driving motor and an elastic coupling. The track wheel set and the wheelset are driven by the drive motor and the elastic coupling respectively through the axle of the track wheel set and the axle of the wheelset, and the speed difference between the two is used to simulate wheel-rail creep.

[0006] The wheel set drive system is arranged in a straight line along the axial direction, and the track drive system is also arranged in a straight line along the axial direction and arranged in the same vertical plane as the wheel set drive system, and it is ensured that the wheel and the track wheel are in contact with each other.

[0007] The first and second track wheel support devices are composed of a support seat, a first bearing, a first end cover and a transparent cover. The two ends of the axis of the track wheel group are respectively connected to the left and right support seats through the left and right first bearings, and the left and right support seats are fixed on the cast iron platform.

[0008] The first and second wheelset axle box devices are composed of wheelset, axle box body, second bearing and second end cover. The wheels are in contact with the rail wheels at the bottom, and the two ends of the wheelset are connected to the left and right axle boxes through the left and right second bearings respectively. The two sides of the left and right axle boxes are connected to the columns of the axle box positioning device through pull plates respectively, and the axle box positioning frame is fixed on the cast iron platform.

[0009] The first and second axle box loading devices are composed of a loading frame and three loading bolts, which are arranged above the first and second axle necks. By tightening the loading bolts, the vertical load is applied to the axle box body through the pressure plate and the loading spring, and then transmitted to the wheel-rail contact point through the axle box body, the axle box bearing, the axle neck, the axle, the wheel hub hole, and the wheel tread to realize vertical loading.

[0010] The wheelset drive system consists of a wheelset drive motor and a wheelset elastic coupling; the wheelset drive motor is fixed on the cast iron platform through a mounting seat, and is connected to the wheelset axle through the wheelset elastic coupling to achieve driving of the wheelset.

[0011] The track wheel driving system consists of a track wheel driving motor and a track wheel elastic coupling; the track wheel driving motor is fixed on the cast iron platform through a mounting seat, and is connected to the shaft of the track wheel set through the track wheel elastic coupling to drive the track wheel.

[0012] The motor is connected to a power supply control system, which is composed of a frequency converter and a synchronous controller. The motor is connected to the motor synchronous controller via the frequency converter.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the invention: The high-speed train wheelset snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench of the invention is an effective test verification platform for dynamic analysis and wear resistance research of high-speed train wheelsets. The specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0014] 1. The wheel tread of the test bench of the present invention adopts a wear-shaped tread, which avoids the problem of severe wear of the conical tread in the past, keeps the shape of the wheelset stable, and improves the scientificity, accuracy and effectiveness of the test data;

[0015] 2. The test bench of the present invention adopts the method of adjusting the loading bolts to realize the simulation of the actual straight-line running condition of the high-speed train wheelset, and adopts the speed difference between the wheelset driving motor and the track wheel driving motor to realize the precise control of the creep of the same wheel-rail contact;

[0016] 3. The present invention adopts a mechanical loading method of bolt compression spring to simulate the axle weight, which can realize accurate control of the axle weight and ensure simple structure and convenient operation.

[0017] 4. The present invention adopts equal wheel-rail contact stress as the principle for determining the size of the scaled-down specimen, thereby ensuring the wear mechanism that is completely identical to the full-size structure and simplifying the appearance of the wheel specimen.

[0018] 5. The wheel of the present invention adopts LMA wear-shaped tread, and the rail wheel adopts CN60 type rail top surface, with spaced spokes to simulate rail fasteners. In order to observe obvious wear shapes, aluminum silicon polyphenyl ester coating is sprayed on the wheel tread. The present invention can carry out wheelset snaking motion and wheel polygon wear test research separately, and can also carry out wheelset snaking motion and wheel polygon wear coupling test research at the same time. In addition, general rotor dynamics test research such as collision and wear can also be carried out on this experimental table. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-speed train wheelset snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the track composition of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the wheelset axle box suspension device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the motor drive device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device of the present invention;

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Cast iron platform; 2. Track support; 3. Track shaft; 4. Track wheel; 5. Axle box bearing; 6. Axle; 7. Wheel; 8. Lower axle box; 9. Upper axle box; 10. Loading spring; 11. Pull plate; 12. Pressure plate; 13. Track wheel drive system; 14. Wheel set drive system; 15. Loading spring; 16. Loading frame; 17. Sensor mounting bracket; 18. Sensor; 19. Anchor bolt group; 20. Track bearing; 21. Track wheel drive motor; 22. Track wheel elastic coupling; 23. Track wheel motor bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The ratio of the high-speed train wheelset snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench of the present invention to the actual high-speed train wheelset axle box device is 1:10.

[0029] The main purpose of the present invention is to test the wear shape of the wheel tread after a certain number of wear times. The main parameters include: modal test of wheelset and rail wheel. Vibration displacement, velocity and acceleration test of wheelset and rail wheel. Wheel-rail dynamic contact force test. Wheel tread profile measurement.

[0030] The experimental steps of the present invention are as follows: place the track support and the axle box positioning device on the cast iron platform respectively. The track wheel is supported on the track support by a bearing and is fastened with a T-bolt for positioning. The wheelset axle box device is connected to the axle box positioning device through a pull plate, and the axle box position is adjusted so that the track wheel coincides with the wheelset mid-surface and the cylindrical surface contacts. Adjust the position of the axle box positioning device along the axle axis direction and fasten the T-bolt for positioning. Install the coil spring on the axle box and place a pressure plate on it. According to the set preload (F n ), tighten the loading bolts to the corresponding position.

[0031] Install the drive motor and connect it to the wheelset and rail wheel through elastic couplings. Arrange displacement / speed sensors at the corresponding positions. w Conduct a test.

[0032] Experimental parameter determination

[0033] Determination of the differential slip rate of two wheels: The process of wheel creep is as follows: the test uses the rolling contact method of two cylindrical wheels to simulate the wheel-rail contact behavior, and the differential slip rate of two wheels is used to simulate the creep rate. The specific formula is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Where ξ is the slip ratio, R r and n r are the radius and rotation speed of the rail wheel, R w and n w are the wheel radius and rotation speed respectively.

[0036] Wheel-rail normal force F n The test was conducted according to the Hertz simulation criterion, which ensured that the average contact stress between the simulated wheel-rail specimens and the ratio of the major and minor axes of the contact ellipse under laboratory conditions were the same as those in the field.

[0037] The Hertz contact stress formula is:

[0038]

[0039] Where F is the normal pressure, b is the contact width, R1 and R2 are the contact radii, μ1 and μ2 are the Poisson's ratios of the material, and E1 and E2 are the elastic moduli of the material.

[0040] Take the actual wheel radius as R w , the rail radius is R r =∞, wheel-rail contact width is b, wheel-rail normal pressure is F; the radius of the sample wheel is R wt , the radius of the sample track wheel is R rt The wheel-rail contact width of the specimen is b t , the Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus of the wheel-rail specimen and the actual wheel-rail are equal, and according to the principle of contact stress equivalence, the test wheel-rail normal pressure F can be obtained from the above formula: t for

[0041]

[0042] During the test, the applied wheel-rail normal force is measured by a force sensor, and the tangential friction force between the wheel-rail specimens is measured by a torque sensor.

[0043] Polygonal order prediction. Studies have shown that when a wheel rolls on a rail, it will excite the bending resonance of the wheelset and generate periodic excitation along the circumference of the wheel, leading to polygonal wear. The circumference of the wheel is close to an integer multiple of the resonant wavelength of the excitation system, which is considered to be the key condition for triggering the rapid development of polygonal wear, which is called the "integer multiple condition". Therefore, this experimental study is based on the above basic conditions to verify the mechanism and key conditions for the occurrence and development of polygonal wear. In order to simulate polygonal wear on the basis of the wheel-rail rolling test bench conducted in the laboratory, in order to present the entire process of polygonal wear generation and development. According to the "fixed frequency integral division condition" discovered by the team's previous theoretical research, when the wheelset rotation frequency is integrally divided into the wheel polygonal wear fixed frequency, wheel polygonal wear is more likely to occur, and the ratio of the wheel polygonal wear fixed frequency to the wheelset rotation frequency is the order of polygonal wear. Therefore, the speed formula for polygonal wear is:

[0044]

[0045] Where n w is the wheelset driving speed, f n is the wheel polygon correspondence, and N is the wheel polygon order.

Claims

1. A high-speed train wheelset snaking motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench, characterized in that: It includes a cast iron platform, a track component, a wheelset axle box suspension device, a loading device, a detection device, a track wheel drive system and a wheelset drive system. The track component consists of a track wheel set, a track support and a track wheel bearing. The track wheel set is supported on the track support through the track wheel bearing, and the track support is fixed on the cast iron platform. The wheelset axle box suspension device consists of a wheelset, an axle box body, an axle box bearing, an axle box positioning plate, a loading spring and a pressure plate. The wheelset is connected to the axle box body through the axle box bearing, and then connected to the column of the loading frame of the loading device through the axle box positioning plate to achieve longitudinal and lateral elastic positioning of the wheelset. Loading springs are installed on both sides of the axle box to simulate a primary spring device. The loading device consists of a loading frame and a loading bolt. Through the loading bolts installed on the crossbeam of the loading frame, the vertical load is transmitted from the pressure plate, the loading spring, the axle box body and the bearing to the axle neck of the wheelset in turn, and then the wheel tread contacts the track wheel to generate wheel-rail contact force. The track wheel drive system and the wheelset drive system drive the track wheel set and the wheelset through elastic couplings respectively, and simulate the wheel-rail creep phenomenon through the speed difference. The wheel is equipped with a balancing screw to simulate the eccentricity of the wheel mass.

2. The high-speed train wheelset meandering motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The loads applied by the two loading bolts above the axle box bodies are consistent in magnitude, and the horizontal and vertical planes of the track component and the wheelset axle box suspension device are arranged coplanarly.

3. The high-speed train wheelset meandering motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The track component consists of a track support, a bearing, and a track wheel set. The track support is fixed on a cast iron platform. The track wheel set is connected to the track support via a bearing. The track support bearing consists of a first bearing, a first end cover, and a transparent cover. The track drive motor base of the track wheel drive system is fixed on the cast iron platform and is connected to the shaft of the track wheel set via an elastic coupling.

4. The high-speed train wheelset meandering motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wheelset driving system consists of a wheelset driving motor and an elastic coupling. The wheelset driving motor base is fixed on a cast iron platform and is connected to the axle of the wheelset via the elastic coupling.

5. The high-speed train wheelset meandering motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The loading devices are composed of a loading frame and loading bolts. The loading frame is fixed on a cast iron platform. By tightening the three loading bolts installed on the upper crossbeam, the pressure plate, loading spring, axle box body, and axle box bearing are pressed in turn to transmit the vertical load to the left and right axle necks of the wheelset, and finally transmitted to the rolling wheel through the wheel tread, forming a wheel-rail rolling contact force.

6. The high-speed train wheelset meandering motion and polygonal wear coupling test bench according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The wheel pair driving motor is connected to a power supply control system, which is composed of a frequency converter and a synchronous controller, and the motor is connected to the motor synchronous controller via the frequency converter.

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