Calculation method of carbon reduction and carbon sink enhancement potential based on photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for calculating the carbon reduction and carbon sink potential based on a photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model, which includes the carbon emission reduction calculation of clean power generation of photovoltaic systems and the carbon sink calculation of sub-panel ecosystems. The present invention utilizes the abandoned and idle land resources of mines to develop a photovoltaic + ecological restoration model, which can not only alleviate the land constraints on photovoltaic development, but also meet the needs of mine ecological restoration, and increase carbon sinks by using sub-panel ecological restoration systems. The present invention specifically considers the scale of photovoltaic installation at different latitudes and different slopes, so that the carbon emission reduction result evaluation of large-scale photovoltaic power stations installed in mining areas is more accurate. And according to the actual carbon fixation potential of crops under photovoltaic panels, and considering the carbon emissions of field management of artificial ecosystems, the net carbon fixation of sub-panel ecosystems is accurately calculated. The present invention can accurately calculate the carbon reduction and carbon sink increase of the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for calculating the carbon reduction and carbon sink enhancement potential based on a photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, photovoltaic power generation has been vigorously developed in my country. Compared with traditional thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation can optimize the energy structure, ensure energy security, effectively reduce carbon emissions and pollutant emissions, and improve the regional ecological environment. It has received strong support and promotion from the government.

[0003] At present, more and more mining areas are choosing energy-based restoration methods to carry out mine ecological restoration. The photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model can not only improve the ecological environment, but also has huge carbon emission reduction and carbon sequestration potential. However, there is currently a lack of effective calculation methods to accurately calculate the emission reduction and carbon sequestration potential of large-scale development of this model. The current calculation of the carbon emission reduction potential of large-scale photovoltaic power stations has not yet considered the impact of terrain and latitude factors on the scale of photovoltaic installation. In fact, the optimal inclination angle and minimum spacing of photovoltaic panels in areas with different slopes and different latitudes vary greatly, which in turn affects the scale of photovoltaic installation and power generation, and ultimately produces huge differences in the calculation results of carbon emission reduction of photovoltaic power generation systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for calculating the carbon reduction and carbon sink enhancement potential based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model, which utilizes the abandoned and idle land resources of mines to develop a photovoltaic + ecological restoration model, which can not only alleviate the land constraints on photovoltaic development, but also meet the needs of mine ecological restoration and increase carbon sinks by utilizing the under-board ecological restoration system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for calculating the carbon reduction and sink enhancement potential based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model, characterized in that it includes:

[0006] Obtain various data on photovoltaic panel power generation in the region, CO2 emissions over the entire life cycle of thermal power generation, and manual management data in the region;

[0007] Calculate the power generation of the photovoltaic system based on the data, and calculate the CO2 emissions during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system based on the power generation;

[0008] Calculate the CO2 emissions caused by manual management based on the manual management data in the region;

[0009] Calculate the carbon sink of the ecosystem in the region based on the regional restoration ecological situation;

[0010] The net carbon fixation of the ecosystem in the region is obtained by calculating the difference between the carbon sink amount and the CO2 emissions generated by photovoltaic power generation, thermal power generation and artificial management.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation of the power generation of the photovoltaic system includes determining the latitude of the mining area, the slope conditions within the mining area, obtaining the area with slopes of 0-3°, 3-20°, and above 20°, and the solar energy resources in the area where the mining area is located.

[0012] Furthermore, the photovoltaic system power generation calculation method is: knowing the photovoltaic panel type, component conversion efficiency and total solar radiation, as well as other factors including attenuation rate, terrain, and temperature, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Where: PVEP t is the photovoltaic power generation potential in year t (kWh); t is the power generation year, 1≤t≤25; S is different terrain areas, 1 represents flat land with a slope of less than 3°, 2 represents a slope of 3-20°, and 3 represents a slope of more than 20°; LA is the plot area (hm 2 ); LTA is the area occupied by each 10MW photovoltaic power station under certain latitude and three different slope conditions (hm 2 ); AD is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient of power station scale, which is 0.82; HEG is the annual effective power generation hours (h); LO is the photovoltaic power generation attenuation rate, which is 2% in the first year and 0.45% every year thereafter.

[0015] Furthermore, the CO2 emission accounting method during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system is:

[0016] CER=EF×PVEP-CE×PVEP Formula (2)

[0017] In the formula: CER is CO2 emission reduction (kg); EF is the CO2 emission factor of the power grid; PVEP is photovoltaic power generation; CE is the carbon emission intensity of photovoltaic throughout its life cycle.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for calculating the amount of carbon sequestration in the ecosystem is:

[0019] C ACT =∑C ACT，i Formula (3)

[0020] Where: C ACT is the total sink of the ecosystem restored by the mine (tCO2); C ACT,i is the ecosystem sink increase (tCO2) under type i mine restoration model; i represents different photovoltaic + ecological restoration models.

[0021] Furthermore, the calculation of CO2 emissions caused by artificial management includes determining the type of vegetation suitable for planting, calculating the amount of carbon sequestration during the accounting period, and calculating the CO2 emissions generated by field management measures for artificial maintenance.

[0022] Furthermore, the method for calculating CO2 emissions caused by manual management is:

[0023]

[0024] Where: C p Annual carbon sequestration of the mine restoration ecosystem (tC·a -1 ); e is the plants planted under different photovoltaic + ecological restoration modes; GHG e is the CO2 emissions (tCO2) generated by the field management measures of the e-model crops in the mine restoration ecosystem; T is the accounting period, which is selected as 25 years;

[0025] C P =NT×A Formula (5)

[0026] Where: NT is the annual carbon fixation of the ecosystem per unit area (tC·hm -2 ·a -1 ); A is the area of ​​each type of ecosystem in mine restoration (hm 2 );

[0027] GHG=∑(δ j ×A) Formula (6)

[0028] Where: j is the carbon emission coefficient of various emission sources during field management (tCO2·hm -2 ); j is the type of emission source, including tillage, fertilization, irrigation, agricultural film and pesticide application.

[0029] A carbon reduction and carbon sink potential accounting system for photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration mode, characterized by comprising a carbon emission reduction accounting module for clean power generation of photovoltaic system and a carbon sink accounting module for the ecosystem under the board, wherein:

[0030] The carbon emission reduction accounting module includes:

[0031] Photovoltaic system power generation accounting unit, used to calculate photovoltaic power generation through photovoltaic panel type, component conversion efficiency and total solar radiation, as well as other factors including attenuation rate, terrain and temperature;

[0032] The CO2 emission accounting unit during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system is used to calculate the difference between the CO2 emissions during the entire life cycle of thermal power generation and the CO2 emissions during the entire life cycle of photovoltaic power generation;

[0033] The sub-plate ecosystem carbon sink accounting module includes:

[0034] The ecosystem carbon sequestration accounting unit is used to calculate the difference between the ecosystem carbon sink and carbon emissions, i.e. the ecosystem net carbon sequestration;

[0035] The accounting unit of CO2 emissions caused by artificial management is used to calculate the difference between ecosystem carbon fixation and field management CO2 emissions.

[0036] A device for calculating the carbon reduction and carbon sink enhancement potential of a photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model, the device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used to implement the process of the carbon reduction and carbon sink enhancement potential calculation method based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model as described above when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: utilizing the abandoned and idle land resources of mines to develop a photovoltaic + ecological restoration model can not only alleviate the land constraints on photovoltaic development, but also meet the needs of mine ecological restoration, and increase carbon sinks by using the ecological restoration system under the panels. The present invention specifically considers the scale of photovoltaic installation at different latitudes and different slopes, so that the calculation of carbon emission reduction results of large-scale photovoltaic power stations installed in mining areas is more accurate. And according to the actual carbon fixation potential of crops under photovoltaic panels, and considering the carbon emissions of field management of artificial ecosystems, the net carbon fixation of the ecosystem under the panels is accurately calculated.

[0038] Through the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration carbon reduction and sink increase accounting method of the present invention, the carbon reduction and sink increase under the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model can be quantitatively evaluated, which can provide reference data for formulating a reasonable carbon emission reduction path and contribute to my country's realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.

[0039] (1) Comply with policy requirements and have broad prospects

[0040] At present, my country is in a critical period of energy structure transformation. The photovoltaic policy is very positive. The photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model meets the development needs of my country's clean energy. The present invention can accurately calculate the carbon reduction and sink increase of the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model.

[0041] (2) There is a great demand for mine restoration, and this model is worth promoting

[0042] There are large areas of abandoned mines in my country that are in urgent need of ecological restoration. Photovoltaic panels can improve the ecological environment under the panels, reduce water evaporation, lower the temperature under the panels, prevent soil erosion, and promote positive succession of the ecosystem. Vegetation under the panels can help to regreen and reclaim the mines. The photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model can not only make the mines green, but also generate economic benefits and continue the resource value of the mines. It is worth promoting nationwide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the carbon reduction and sink increase accounting system for the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] At present, the existing calculation of large-scale photovoltaic power generation potential is calculated by formula (7). This method does not take into account the impact of latitude and slope on the scale of photovoltaic installation. In fact, different slopes and different latitudes will cause changes in the optimal installation angle and minimum spacing of photovoltaics, resulting in changes in the installation scale, which in turn affects the power generation. If the impact of latitude and slope on the photovoltaic installation angle and minimum installation spacing is not considered, and all are installed according to the same inclination and spacing, the photovoltaic panel surface will be shaded, resulting in a significant reduction in power generation. The carbon reduction potential is calculated based on the power generation potential, so it is very important to consider the latitude and slope factors when calculating the large-scale photovoltaic power generation potential.

[0046] SEGP=SA×AF×ASR×PE×(1-LO)×(1-AP) (7)

[0047] Where: SGEP is the photovoltaic power generation potential (kWh); SA is the area suitable for the development of photovoltaic power stations (km 2 );AF is the area factor receiving solar radiation;ASR is the annual total solar radiation per unit area (kWh·km -2 ·a -1 ) ; PE is the power generation efficiency of the solar panel; LO is the loss rate; AP is the abandoned light rate.

[0048] The carbon sequestration of the existing ecosystem under photovoltaic panels is calculated by formula (8). However, due to the huge differences in carbon sequestration capacity among different plant compositions, this method does not specify the value of the carbon sequestration coefficient to the species, but simply divides it into tree and shrub vegetation, shrub and grass vegetation, and tree and shrub and grass vegetation according to the cover type, which will produce a large error in the calculation result. In addition, since the mine restoration ecosystem is an artificial ecosystem, it may cause carbon emissions. This method does not take into account the carbon emissions of artificial ecosystems.

[0049] C=1.63×R×A×B×F (8)

[0050] In the formula: C is the annual carbon fixation of forest and grassland vegetation; R is the carbon content in CO2, which is 27.27%; A is the area of ​​forest and grassland ecosystem; B is the measured net productivity, which is taken according to the actual net productivity of tree and shrub vegetation, shrub and grass vegetation, and tree, shrub and grass vegetation; F is the correction coefficient.

[0051] Based on the defects of the existing calculation system, this application provides a method for calculating the carbon reduction and sink potential based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model. The carbon reduction and sink potential accounting system is shown in the figure Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically includes the calculation of carbon emission reduction of clean power generation of photovoltaic system and the calculation of carbon sink of ecosystem under the panel, among which:

[0052] The carbon emission reduction calculation includes the calculation of the power generation of the photovoltaic system and the calculation of CO2 emissions during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system;

[0053] The calculation of carbon sink in the sub-plate ecosystem includes the calculation of carbon fixation in the ecosystem and the calculation of CO2 emissions caused by artificial management.

[0054] The calculation method of carbon reduction and carbon sink potential based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model includes:

[0055] Obtain various data on photovoltaic panel power generation in the region, CO2 emissions over the entire life cycle of thermal power generation, and manual management data in the region;

[0056] Calculate the power generation of the photovoltaic system based on the data, and calculate the CO2 emissions during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system based on the power generation;

[0057] Calculate the CO2 emissions caused by manual management based on the manual management data in the region;

[0058] Calculate the carbon sink of the ecosystem in the region based on the regional restoration ecological situation;

[0059] The net carbon fixation of the ecosystem in the region is obtained by calculating the difference between the carbon sink amount and the CO2 emissions generated by photovoltaic power generation, thermal power generation and artificial management.

[0060] The above calculation can be carried out through the following calculation steps:

[0061] S1. To calculate the photovoltaic power generation potential of the mining area, it is necessary to determine the basic situation of the mining area, including the latitude of the mining area, the slope of the mining area, the area with slopes of 0-3°, 3-20°, and above 20°, and the solar energy resources in the area where the mining area is located. The method for calculating the power generation of the photovoltaic system is:

[0062] The calculation of carbon emission reduction of clean power generation of photovoltaic system first needs to calculate the power generation of photovoltaic. The power generation of photovoltaic power station is mainly related to the type of photovoltaic panels, component conversion efficiency and total solar radiation. Other factors such as attenuation rate, terrain, temperature, etc. will also have an impact on the power generation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Where: PVEP tis the photovoltaic power generation potential in year t (kWh); t is the power generation year. The maximum service life of a photovoltaic power station is usually calculated according to the life cycle of the photovoltaic system. Theoretically, it does not exceed 25 years, and is usually 25 years. Therefore, 1≤t≤25;

[0065] S represents different terrain zones, 1 represents flat land with a slope of less than 3°, 2 represents sloping land with a slope of 3-20°, and 3 represents sloping land with a slope of more than 20°;

[0066] LA is the plot area (hm2) 2 ); LTA is the area occupied by each 10MW photovoltaic power station under certain latitude and three different slope conditions (hm 2 ), for detailed indicators, please refer to the "Land Use Control Indicators for Photovoltaic Power Station Projects";

[0067] AD is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient of power plant scale, which is usually 0.82 based on actual project experience; HEG is the annual effective power generation hours (h), that is, the average solar irradiance reaches 1kW·m -2 LO is the annual equivalent hours of photovoltaic power generation, which is usually 2% in the first year and 0.45% each year thereafter.

[0068] S2. To calculate the emission reduction of photovoltaic power generation in mining areas, it is necessary to clarify the CO2 emissions of photovoltaic power stations of corresponding scales during their entire life cycle, find the CO2 emission factor of the power grid in the corresponding area, and calculate the amount of CO2 emitted by using thermal power generation to produce the corresponding amount of electricity. The emission reduction of the photovoltaic power generation system is the amount of CO2 emissions reduced compared with local thermal power generation. Since the production, construction, use, and recycling and disposal of photovoltaic panels will emit CO2, according to the life cycle assessment method, the actual emission reduction of the photovoltaic power station is the difference between the emissions of the entire life cycle of thermal power generation and the emissions of the entire life cycle of photovoltaic power generation. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0069] CER=EF×PVEP-CE×PVEP Formula (2)

[0070] In the formula: CER is CO2 emission reduction (kg); EF is the CO2 emission factor of the power grid; PVEP is photovoltaic power generation; CE is the carbon emission intensity of photovoltaic throughout its life cycle.

[0071] S3. Calculate the carbon reduction and carbon sink increase of the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model. The sum of the CO2 emissions reduced by the photovoltaic power station during its life cycle and the actual carbon sink increase of the ecosystem is the total carbon reduction and carbon sink increase of the mining area during the project cycle.

[0072] The accounting of carbon sequestration in the mine restoration ecosystem includes the accounting of ecosystem carbon sinks and carbon emissions, and the difference between the two is the net carbon sequestration of the ecosystem. The carbon pool of the mine restoration ecosystem mainly includes the vegetation carbon pool and the soil carbon pool, among which the vegetation carbon pool includes the above-ground vegetation carbon pool and the underground vegetation carbon pool, and the soil carbon pool is mainly the soil organic carbon pool. The specific calculation of the carbon sink of the restoration ecosystem is as follows:

[0073] C ACT =∑C ACT，i Formula (3)

[0074] Where: C ACT is the total sink of the ecosystem restored by the mine (tCO2); C ACT,i is the ecosystem sink increase (tCO2) under type i mine restoration model; i represents different photovoltaic + ecological restoration models.

[0075] S4. Calculate the increase in vegetation sinks in mining areas, including determining the types of vegetation suitable for planting, calculating the amount of carbon sequestration during the accounting period (based on the life cycle of photovoltaics), and calculating the CO2 emissions generated by field management measures such as artificial maintenance, such as irrigation, fertilization, pruning, and soil turning.

[0076] When the selected crops are cash crops, in order to improve economic benefits, field management measures such as tillage, fertilization, and irrigation are required, which will produce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the actual carbon sink increase of the mine restoration ecosystem is the difference between the ecosystem carbon fixation and the field management CO2 emissions. The calculation method for CO2 emissions caused by artificial management is:

[0077]

[0078] Where: C p Annual carbon sequestration of the mine restoration ecosystem (tC·a -1 ); e is the plants planted under different photovoltaic + ecological restoration modes; GHG e CO2 emissions (tCO2) generated by crop field management measures in the mine restoration ecosystem e-model; T is the crediting period, usually the life of photovoltaics is 25 years;

[0079] C P =NT×A Formula (5)

[0080] Where: NT is the annual carbon fixation of the ecosystem per unit area (tC·hm -2 ·a -1 ); A is the area of ​​each type of ecosystem in mine restoration (hm 2 );

[0081] GHG=∑(δ j ×A) Formula (6)

[0082] Where: j is the carbon emission coefficient of various emission sources during field management (tCO2·hm -2 ); j is the type of emission source, including tillage, fertilization, irrigation, agricultural film and pesticide application, etc.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] A mining area in Liaoning Province was selected, with a latitude of 41°N. The total area to be restored is 549.17 hectares, including 493.27 hectares of flat land and 75.9 hectares of sloping land. The slope of the sloping land is greater than 20°. The total solar radiation is 4812 MJ·m -2 , the annual sunshine percentage is about 55%.

[0085] According to formula (1), referring to the Land Use Control Indicators for Photovoltaic Power Station Projects, the LTA value of flat land with a slope of 0-3° in the 41°N area is 19, and the LTA value of slopes greater than 20° is 30.75. If a fixed photovoltaic power station is installed, the power generation potential of the mining area within its 25-year life cycle is 7.576 billion kWh.

[0086] According to formula (2), referring to the baseline emission factors of China's regional power grid for the 2019 emission reduction project released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the EF value for the Northeast region is 0.8719, and the CE value over the life cycle is 0.0873. The CO2 emissions of this mining area are reduced by approximately 6.2578 million tons over its life cycle.

[0087] The slopes of the mining area are suitable for growing alfalfa, a forage grass, and the flat land is suitable for growing Actinidia arguta. According to formula (5), the annual carbon fixation CP value of the alfalfa ecosystem is about 1.79, and the annual carbon fixation CP value of the Actinidia arguta ecosystem is about 6.81. It is calculated that the total carbon fixation in 25 years is about 320,400 tons of CO2.

[0088] According to formula (6), the emission coefficient of Actinidia arguta is j It is 7.96 for the nitrogen dioxide emission and 1.37 for the nitrogen dioxide emission of alfalfa. The total emission in 25 years is 100,800 tCO2.

[0089] According to formula (4), the cumulative carbon sink in 25 years is 219,600 tCO2. Therefore, the cumulative carbon reduction and increase in the mining area in 25 years is 219,600 + 625,780 = 647,740 tCO2.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] A mining area in Yunnan Province was selected, with a latitude of 24°N. The total area to be restored is 318 hectares, including 281 hectares of flat land and 37 hectares of sloping land. The slope of the sloping land is between 3-20°, and the effective power generation hours are about 1319 hours.

[0092] According to formula (1), referring to the Land Use Control Indicators for Photovoltaic Power Station Projects, the LTA value of flat land with a slope of 0-3° in the 24°N area is 10.17, and the LTA value of slope land with a slope of 3-20° is 13.17. If a fixed photovoltaic power station is installed, the power generation potential of the mining area within its 25-year life cycle will be 10.44 billion kWh.

[0093] According to formula (2), referring to the baseline emission factors of China's regional power grid for the 2019 emission reduction project released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the EF value in the southern region is 0.6565, and the CE value during the life cycle is 0.0873. The CO2 emissions of this mining area are reduced by approximately 8.1915 million tons during its life cycle.

[0094] The slopes of the mining area are suitable for growing alfalfa, and the flat land is suitable for growing blueberries. According to formula (5), the annual carbon fixation CP value of the alfalfa ecosystem is about 1.79, and the annual carbon fixation CP value of the blueberry ecosystem is about 5.83. It is calculated that the total carbon fixation in 25 years is about 176,000 tons of CO2.

[0095] According to formula (6), the blueberry emission coefficient δ j The carbon dioxide emission of clover is 6.97, and that of alfalfa is 1.37. The total emission in 25 years is 56,700 tCO2.

[0096] According to formula (4), the cumulative carbon sink in 25 years is 119,400 tCO2. Therefore, the cumulative carbon reduction and increase in the mining area in 25 years is 119,400 tCO2+819,150=831,090 tCO2.

[0097] The present application also provides a carbon reduction and carbon sink potential accounting system for the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model, including a carbon emission reduction accounting module for clean power generation of the photovoltaic system and a carbon sink accounting module for the ecosystem under the panel, wherein:

[0098] The carbon emission reduction accounting module includes:

[0099] The photovoltaic system power generation accounting unit is used to calculate the photovoltaic power generation by obtaining the type of photovoltaic panels, component conversion efficiency and total solar radiation, as well as other factor data including attenuation rate, terrain, and temperature.

[0100] The CO2 emission accounting unit within the life cycle of the photovoltaic system is used to calculate the difference data between the CO2 emissions of the local thermal power generation over its entire life cycle and the CO2 emissions of the photovoltaic system over its entire life cycle.

[0101] The sub-plate ecosystem carbon sink accounting module includes:

[0102] The ecosystem carbon sequestration accounting unit calculates the difference between the ecosystem carbon sink and carbon emission data to obtain the net carbon sequestration of the ecosystem.

[0103] The CO2 emission accounting unit caused by artificial management is used to calculate the difference between the carbon fixation of the ecosystem and the CO2 emission from field management. Field management is based on the CO2 emission data generated by field management measures such as artificial maintenance, such as irrigation, fertilization, pruning, and soil turning.

[0104] The present application also provides a carbon reduction and sink potential accounting device for a photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model, the device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used to implement the carbon reduction and sink potential accounting method based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model as described above when executing a computer program stored in the memory, and the steps are as follows:

[0105] S1. Based on the basic situation of the mining area, including the latitude of the mining area, the slope conditions within the mining area, the area with slopes of 0-3°, 3-20°, and above 20°, and the solar energy resource data of the mining area, the photovoltaic power generation potential of the mining area is calculated.

[0106] S2. Based on the CO2 emissions of a photovoltaic power station of corresponding size over its entire life cycle, find the CO2 emission factor of the power grid in the corresponding area, calculate the amount of CO2 emitted when using thermal power generation to produce the corresponding amount of electricity, and calculate the emission reduction of photovoltaic power generation in the mining area through the difference between the CO2 emissions of the photovoltaic power generation system and the CO2 emissions of local thermal power generation.

[0107] S3. Based on the sum of the CO2 emissions reduced by the photovoltaic power station during its life cycle and the actual carbon sink increase of the ecosystem, the carbon reduction and sink increase of the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model is calculated, which is the total carbon reduction and sink increase of the mining area during the project cycle.

[0108] S4. Based on the determination of suitable vegetation types, calculate the CO2 emissions caused by field management measures such as artificial maintenance, such as irrigation, fertilization, pruning, and soil turning, calculate the increased carbon sink of vegetation in the mining area, and calculate the carbon sequestration during the period (based on the life cycle of photovoltaics).

[0109] The principle of the present invention is: the present invention takes into account the scale of photovoltaic installation at different latitudes and different slopes, so that the calculation of carbon emission reduction results of installing large-scale photovoltaic power stations in mining areas is more accurate. The current existing methods for calculating the carbon sequestration capacity of the ecosystem under the panel have not been specific to the species type, and the average productivity of tree and shrub vegetation, shrub and grass vegetation, and tree and shrub and grass vegetation is used as a reference value. In fact, the carbon sequestration capacity of different species varies greatly, and should be calculated specifically according to the carbon fixation potential of specific species. In the present invention, since the ecosystem under the panel is an artificially restored ecosystem, some field management measures may be taken to improve the survival rate of crops. Therefore, the present invention is based on the actual carbon fixation potential of crops under the photovoltaic panels, and takes into account the carbon emissions of the field management of the artificial ecosystem. , The net carbon fixation amount of the ecosystem under the panel is accurately calculated.

[0110] The carbon reduction and carbon sink potential calculation method of the present invention mainly refers to the situation of using photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model in mining area ecological restoration. When calculating carbon emissions, it is based on the scenario that the mining area has completed the land reclamation project. The carbon emissions under a series of land reclamation measures such as covering soil projects are not included in this calculation. Therefore, the carbon reduction and carbon sink calculation method that adopts the same ecological restoration model for other fragile ecological areas is also applicable to the present invention.

[0111] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. The calculation method of carbon reduction and carbon sink enhancement potential based on photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model is characterized by: It includes the accounting of carbon emission reductions from clean power generation of photovoltaic systems and the accounting of carbon sinks in the ecosystem under the panels, where: the carbon emission reduction accounting includes the accounting of photovoltaic system power generation and the accounting of CO2 emissions during the photovoltaic system life cycle; the carbon sink accounting of the ecosystem under the panels includes the accounting of carbon fixation in the ecosystem and the accounting of CO2 emissions caused by artificial management; The specific calculation methods include: obtaining various data on photovoltaic panel power generation in the region, CO2 emissions over the entire life cycle of thermal power generation, and manual management data in the region; Calculate the power generation of the photovoltaic system based on the data, and calculate the CO2 emissions during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system based on the power generation; The calculation of the power generation of the photovoltaic system includes determining the latitude of the mining area, the slope conditions within the mining area, and obtaining the area with slopes of 0-3°, 3-20°, and above 20°, respectively, and the solar energy resources in the area where the mining area is located. The calculation method is: obtaining the type of photovoltaic panels, component conversion efficiency, and total solar radiation, as well as other factors including attenuation rate, terrain, and temperature. The calculation formula is as follows: Formula (1) Where: PVEP t is the photovoltaic power generation potential in year t, kWh; t is the power generation year, and the photovoltaic power generation cycle is no more than 25 years 1≤t≤25; S is different terrain areas, 1 represents flat land with a slope of less than 3°, 2 represents a slope of 3-20°, and 3 represents a slope of more than 20°; LA is the plot area, hm 2 ; LTA is the area occupied by each 10MW photovoltaic power station under certain latitude and three different slope conditions, hm 2 ; AD is the comprehensive adjustment coefficient of power station scale, which is 0.82; HEG is the annual effective power generation hours, h; LO is the photovoltaic power generation attenuation rate, which is 2% in the first year and 0.45% every year thereafter; The calculation method of CO2 emissions during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system is as follows: Formula (2) In the formula: CER is CO2 emission reduction, kg; EF is the CO2 emission factor of the power grid; PVEP is photovoltaic power generation; CE is the carbon emission intensity of photovoltaic life cycle; The CO2 emissions caused by artificial management are calculated based on the artificial management data in the region, including determining the type of vegetation suitable for planting, calculating the carbon fixation during the accounting period, and calculating the CO2 emissions caused by the field management measures of artificial maintenance. The calculation method is: Formula (4) Where: C p is the annual carbon sequestration of the mine restoration ecosystem, tC·a -1 ; e is the plants planted under different photovoltaic + ecological restoration modes; GHG e is the CO2 emission generated by the field management measures of the e-model crops in the mine restoration ecosystem, tCO2; T is the accounting period, which is selected as 25 years; Formula (5) Where: NT is the annual carbon fixation of the ecosystem per unit area, tC·hm -2 ·a -1 ; A is the area of ​​various types of ecosystems in mine restoration, hm 2 ; Formulas (6) Where: j is the carbon emission coefficient of various emission sources during field management, tCO2·hm -2 ; j is the type of emission source, including tillage, fertilization, irrigation, agricultural film and pesticide application; Calculate the carbon sink of the ecosystem in the region based on the regional restoration ecological situation; The difference between the carbon sink and carbon emission of the ecosystem is calculated to obtain the net carbon sequestration of the ecosystem in the region. The specific calculation of the carbon sink increase of the restored ecosystem is as follows: Formula (3) Where: C ACT Total additional sinks for mine restoration ecosystems, tCO2; C ACT,i for i Type Ecosystem sink increase under mine restoration model, tCO2; i Represents different photovoltaic + ecological restoration models.

2. A carbon reduction and sink potential accounting system for photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration mode, characterized in that: It includes the carbon emission reduction accounting module of clean power generation of photovoltaic system and the carbon sink accounting module of the ecosystem under the panel, among which: The carbon emission reduction accounting module includes: Photovoltaic system power generation accounting unit, used to calculate photovoltaic power generation through photovoltaic panel type, component conversion efficiency and total solar radiation, as well as other factors including attenuation rate, terrain and temperature; The CO2 emission accounting unit during the life cycle of the photovoltaic system is used to calculate the difference between the CO2 emissions during the entire life cycle of thermal power generation and the CO2 emissions during the entire life cycle of photovoltaic power generation; The sub-plate ecosystem carbon sink accounting module includes: The ecosystem carbon sequestration accounting unit is used to calculate the difference between the ecosystem carbon sink and carbon emissions, i.e. the ecosystem net carbon sequestration; The accounting unit for CO2 emissions caused by artificial management is used to calculate the difference between ecosystem carbon sequestration and field management CO2 emissions.

3. A device for calculating the carbon reduction and sink potential of photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration mode, the device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein: The processor is used to implement the process of the carbon reduction and carbon sink potential calculation method based on the photovoltaic + mine ecological restoration model as described in claim 1 when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

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