A process automation switching internal grinding method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of precision machining, and discloses a kind of process automation switching inner circle grinding method and device, first according to the original roughness of workpiece inner surface and the accuracy that needs to be ground, formulate the zoning scheme of combined grinding wheel circumference, and set the grit number of each section abrasive belt surface and the gradual change width of damping groove;Second motor drive grinding device revolution, grinding is carried out through the friction between combined grinding wheel and workpiece inner circle, simultaneously, the friction force generated by contact makes combined grinding wheel slowly rotate, and the abrasive belt of different grit number is sequentially involved in grinding, to realize the process automation adjustment from rough grinding, semi-fine grinding to fine grinding.In the grinding process, the degree of gradual change of the width of damping groove is designed according to the required grinding time of each stage, the speed of combined grinding wheel rotation is controlled through the gradual damping action between damping groove and cylindrical pin, and then the grinding time of each process is adjusted;The uneven area of workpiece inner wall is profiled by using the elastic property of rubber support, and the rubber support uses a force-induced color-changing material, which can be judged whether the supporting performance reaches the limit by observing the color feedback changed by external force, so as to replace in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision machining, specifically to a method and apparatus for automated switching of internal grinding processes. Background Technology

[0002] Grinding is widely used in industries such as automotive, aerospace, energy, and medical devices. Currently, grinding technology is continuously developing towards higher precision, higher efficiency, and higher reliability, benefiting from the advancements in new abrasives, grinding tools, and digital technologies. However, this technology still faces some challenges. These include the inability of many grinding machines to automate the switching between processes, affecting processing accuracy and efficiency while also wasting significant human and material resources. Furthermore, how to perform contour grinding based on the inner wall of the workpiece and how to quickly and accurately replace worn parts remain unresolved issues. Therefore, further research and improvements are needed to promote the further development of grinding technology. To address this issue, Chinese patent CN202211251361.4 designed a cylindrical inner wall grinding device to solve the problem that existing grinding devices have a single grinding force and cannot handle local protrusions. However, this device does not consider issues such as contour grinding of the workpiece inner wall and automated process switching. On the other hand, Chinese patent CN201310523261.7 proposed a pipe inner wall grinding and polishing device, which not only improves the grinding efficiency but also effectively controls the clamping force on the inner wall of the pipe, ensuring the final grinding or polishing quality. However, this device does not consider issues such as automated process switching and how to quickly and accurately replace worn parts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated process switching method and apparatus for internal grinding, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] An automated process switching method for internal cylindrical grinding allows for flexible adjustment of the number of circumferential zones in the combined grinding wheel by adjusting the number of rubber supports according to the requirements of each grinding stage. The width of the damping groove is designed to gradually change based on the required grinding time for each stage. The gradual damping effect between the damping groove and the cylindrical pin controls the rotation speed of the combined grinding wheel, thereby adjusting the grinding time for each process. The elastic properties of the rubber supports are utilized to perform contour grinding on uneven areas of the workpiece's inner wall. Furthermore, the rubber supports are made of a force-sensitive color-changing material; by observing the color change due to external force, it is possible to determine whether their support performance has reached its limit, facilitating timely replacement.

[0006] The specific steps are as follows: First, based on the original roughness of the workpiece's inner surface and the required grinding precision, a circumferential zoning scheme for the combined grinding wheels is formulated, and the abrasive grit count and the gradually changing width of the damping grooves on each section of the grinding belt are set. Second, the entire grinding device is guided into the inner circle of the workpiece to be ground, and then the device is started. During the grinding process, the motor drives the entire grinding device to revolve, and the grinding is performed through the friction between the combined grinding wheels and the inner circle of the workpiece. At the same time, the friction generated by the contact causes the combined grinding wheels to slowly rotate around the connecting shaft. Abrasive belts with different grit counts participate in the grinding process in sequence, realizing automated adjustment of the process from rough grinding, semi-finish grinding to finish grinding.

[0007] An automated process switching internal grinding device includes:

[0008] A star-shaped orbiting mechanism and a combination grinding wheel are provided, with multiple combination grinding wheels arranged circumferentially along the star-shaped orbiting mechanism. The star-shaped orbiting mechanism includes a star-shaped support, a damping adjustment end cap, a connecting shaft, and an end cap. The combination grinding wheel includes a top cap-shaped part, a dividing wheel, a rubber support, a sanding belt, a bottom positioning end cap, and a locking sleeve. The combination grinding wheel is fitted onto the connecting shaft of the star-shaped orbiting mechanism via the locking sleeve, wherein the cylindrical pin in the top cap-shaped part is embedded in the damping groove of the damping adjustment end cap. The combination grinding wheel is axially fixed by tightening the end cap.

[0009] Furthermore, the center of the star-shaped orbital mechanism is connected to the motor, and multiple damping adjustment end caps, connecting shafts, and end caps are arranged circumferentially along the star-shaped bracket; the connecting shaft is fixed in the threaded hole of the star-shaped bracket; the damping adjustment end cap is fixed to the connecting shaft through the central threaded hole, and is relatively stationary and non-rotatable with respect to the star-shaped bracket; the damping groove in the damping adjustment end cap is an arc-shaped groove with gradually changing width; the end cap is screwed and fixed to the end of the connecting shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the dividing wheel is coaxially mounted on the intermediate shaft of the top cap-shaped part, and simultaneously embedded into the positioning slot of the top cap-shaped part through the edge of the baffle; the rubber support is installed between the two baffles of the dividing wheel, and is fitted and fixed with the positioning strip of the dividing wheel through the positioning groove on the rubber support; multiple rubber supports are installed along the circumference of the dividing wheel; the sanding belt is installed on the rubber support through a hook and loop fastener assembly, and a section of sanding belt is installed on the surface of each circumferential rubber support; different sanding belts Different grits of abrasive grains are bonded to the surface via electrostatic sanding. The bottom positioning end cap is coaxially mounted with the dividing wheel, and the positioning groove of the bottom positioning end cap is fitted into the side baffle of the dividing wheel. The locking sleeve is coaxially mounted with the bottom positioning end cap, and the locking sleeve is screwed onto the top cap-shaped part via external threads to axially clamp the top cap-shaped part, the dividing wheel, the bottom positioning end cap, and the rubber support. At the same time, the skirt of the sanding belt is clamped and fixed by the columnar protrusions on the top cap-shaped part and the bottom positioning end cap.

[0011] Furthermore, the rubber support uses a force-sensitive color-changing material. When an external force is applied to its surface, this material changes color. By observing the color change, it can be used to assess whether the performance of the support has reached its limit.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The rubber support of the present invention uses a force-sensitive color-changing material. By observing the color feedback of its change due to external force, the support performance can be evaluated to determine whether it has reached its limit, and its elastic properties can be used for contour grinding.

[0014] This invention has a simple structure and is easy to use. It controls the rotation speed of the combined grinding wheel through the gradual damping effect between the damping groove and the cylindrical pin, thereby adjusting the grinding time of each process.

[0015] This invention utilizes the friction generated by the contact between the abrasive belt and the workpiece surface to cause the combined grinding wheel to slowly rotate around the connecting shaft. Abrasive belts with different grit sizes are adjusted to participate in grinding in sequence, realizing the automated switching of the process from rough grinding to fine polishing. This significantly improves efficiency, effectively reduces the input of manpower and material resources, and provides an efficient and intelligent grinding solution for the precision machining field. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automated process switching internal grinding device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the star-shaped orbital mechanism of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping adjustment end cap of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the combined grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cap-shaped part at the top of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separator wheel of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber support of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom positioning end cap of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential abrasive belt partitioning of the combined grinding wheel of the present invention.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] Star-shaped revolution mechanism 1, star-shaped bracket 101, damping adjustment end cover 102, connecting shaft 103, end cover 104;

[0028] Combination grinding wheel 2, top cap-shaped part 201, dividing wheel 202, rubber support body 203, sanding belt 204, bottom positioning end cap 205, locking sleeve 206. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-8An automated internal grinding device for process switching includes a star-shaped revolving mechanism 1 and a combination grinding wheel 2, with multiple combination grinding wheels 2 arranged circumferentially along the star-shaped revolving mechanism 1. The star-shaped revolving mechanism 1 includes a star-shaped support 101, a damping adjustment end cap 102, a connecting shaft 103, and an end cap 104. The combination grinding wheel 2 includes a top cap-shaped part 201, a dividing wheel 202, a rubber support 203, a sanding belt 204, a bottom positioning end cap 205, and a locking sleeve 206. The combination grinding wheel 2 is fitted onto the connecting shaft 103 of the star-shaped revolving mechanism 1 through the locking sleeve 206, wherein the cylindrical pin in the top cap-shaped part 201 is embedded in the damping groove of the damping adjustment end cap 102. The combination grinding wheel 2 is axially fixed by tightening the end cap 104.

[0031] Continue reading Figure 2 and Figure 3 The center of the star-shaped orbital mechanism 1 is connected to the motor. Multiple damping adjustment end caps 102, connecting shafts 103, and end caps 104 are arranged circumferentially along the star-shaped bracket 101. The connecting shaft 103 is fixed in the threaded hole of the star-shaped bracket 101. The damping adjustment end cap 102 is fixed to the connecting shaft 103 through the central threaded hole and is relatively stationary and non-rotatable with respect to the star-shaped bracket 101. The damping groove in the damping adjustment end cap 102 is an arc-shaped groove with gradually changing width. The end cap 104 is screwed and fixed to the end of the connecting shaft 103.

[0032] Continue reading Figures 4-8 The separator wheel 202 is coaxially mounted on the intermediate shaft of the top cap-shaped part 201, and simultaneously embedded into the positioning slot of the top cap-shaped part 201 through the edge of the baffle. A rubber support 203 is installed between the two baffles of the separator wheel 202, and is fixed to the positioning strip of the separator wheel 202 through a positioning groove on the rubber support 203. Multiple rubber supports 203 are installed circumferentially along the separator wheel 202. A sanding belt 204 is installed on the rubber support 203 via a hook and loop fastener assembly. A section of sanding belt 204 is installed on the surface of each circumferentially oriented rubber support 203. Different sanding belts 204 are connected via... Electrostatic sanding is used to bond abrasive grains of different mesh sizes; the bottom positioning end cap 205 is coaxially installed with the dividing wheel 202, and the positioning groove of the bottom positioning end cap 205 is fitted with the side baffle of the dividing wheel 202; the locking sleeve 206 is coaxially installed with the bottom positioning end cap 205, and the locking sleeve 206 is screwed to the top cap-shaped part 201 through the external thread to axially clamp the top cap-shaped part 201, the dividing wheel 202, the bottom positioning end cap 205, and the rubber support 203, while the skirt of the sanding belt 204 is clamped and fixed by the columnar protrusions on the top cap-shaped part 201 and the bottom positioning end cap 205.

[0033] Specifically, the rubber support 203 uses a force-sensitive color-changing material. When an external force is applied to its surface, the material will change color. By observing the color change, it can be used to assess whether the performance of the support has reached its limit.

[0034] Continue reading Figure 9 and Figure 10 The following are the specific implementation steps:

[0035] First, based on the original roughness of the workpiece's inner surface and the required grinding precision, a circumferential partitioning scheme for the combined grinding wheel 2 is formulated, and the abrasive grit count and the gradually changing width of the damping groove on the surface of each section of the abrasive belt 204 are set. Second, the entire grinding device is guided into the inner circle of the workpiece to be ground, and then the device is started. During the grinding process, the motor drives the entire grinding device to revolve, and the grinding is performed through the friction between the combined grinding wheel 2 and the inner circle of the workpiece. At the same time, the friction generated by the contact causes the combined grinding wheel 2 to slowly rotate around the connecting shaft 103. Abrasive belts 204 with different grit counts participate in the grinding in sequence, realizing the automated adjustment of the process from rough grinding, semi-finish grinding to finish grinding.

[0036] The number of circumferential zones of the combined grinding wheel 2 can be flexibly adjusted by changing the number of rubber supports 203, depending on the requirements of the grinding stage. Figure 10 As shown, optional six-zone, four-zone, or two-zone zoning schemes are demonstrated. The degree of width gradient of the damping groove is designed according to the grinding time required for each stage. The speed of rotation of the combined grinding wheel 2 is controlled by the gradual damping effect between the damping groove and the cylindrical pin, thereby adjusting the grinding time of each process. The elastic properties of the rubber support 203 are used to perform contour grinding on the uneven areas of the inner wall of the workpiece. The rubber support 203 uses a force-induced color-changing material. By observing the color feedback of its change due to external force, it is determined whether the support performance has reached its limit, so as to replace it in time.

[0037] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented based on the above embodiments without creative effort should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated process switching internal grinding device, characterized in that: The system includes a star-shaped revolving mechanism (1) and a combination grinding wheel (2), with multiple combination grinding wheels (2) arranged circumferentially along the star-shaped revolving mechanism (1). The star-shaped revolving mechanism (1) includes a star-shaped bracket (101), a damping adjustment end cap (102), a connecting shaft (103), and an end cap (104). The combination grinding wheel (2) includes a top cap-shaped part (201), a dividing wheel (202), a rubber support (203), a sanding belt (204), a bottom positioning end cap (205), and a locking sleeve (206). The combination grinding wheel (2) is fitted onto the connecting shaft (103) of the star-shaped revolving mechanism (1) via the locking sleeve (206), wherein the cylindrical pin in the top cap-shaped part (201) is embedded in the damping groove of the damping adjustment end cap (102). The combination grinding wheel (2) is tightened via the end cap (104) to achieve axial fixation. The center of the star-shaped revolving mechanism (1) is connected to the motor, and multiple damping adjustment end caps (102), connecting shafts (103), and end caps (104) are arranged circumferentially along the star-shaped bracket (101); the connecting shaft (103) is fixed in the threaded hole of the star-shaped bracket (101); the damping adjustment end cap (102) is fixed to the connecting shaft (103) through the central threaded hole, and is relatively stationary and non-rotatable with respect to the star-shaped bracket (101); the damping groove in the damping adjustment end cap (102) is an arc-shaped groove with gradually changing width; the end cap (104) is screwed and fixed to the end of the connecting shaft (103); The dividing wheel (202) is coaxially mounted on the intermediate shaft of the top cap-shaped part (201), and simultaneously embedded in the positioning slot of the top cap-shaped part (201) through the edge of the baffle of the dividing wheel (202); the rubber support (203) is installed between the two baffles of the dividing wheel (202), and is fitted and fixed with the positioning strip of the dividing wheel (202) through the positioning groove on the rubber support (203); multiple rubber supports (203) are installed along the circumference of the dividing wheel (202); the sanding belt (204) is installed on the rubber support (203) through a hook and loop fastener assembly, and a section of the sanding belt (204) is installed on the surface of each rubber support (203) in the circumference direction; different sanding belts (204) Abrasive grains of different mesh sizes are bonded to the abrasive belt (204) by electrostatic sanding; the bottom positioning end cap (205) is coaxially installed with the dividing wheel (202), and the positioning groove of the bottom positioning end cap (205) is fitted with the baffle of the dividing wheel (202); the locking sleeve (206) is coaxially installed with the bottom positioning end cap (205), and the locking sleeve (206) is screwed to the top cap-shaped part (201) by external thread to axially clamp the top cap-shaped part (201), the dividing wheel (202), the bottom positioning end cap (205), and the rubber support (203), while the columnar protrusions on the top cap-shaped part (201) and the bottom positioning end cap (205) clamp and fix the skirt of the abrasive belt (204).

2. The automated process switching internal grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber support (203) uses a force-sensitive color-changing material. When an external force is applied to its surface, the material will change color. By observing the color change, it can be used to assess whether the performance of the support has reached its limit.

3. An internal grinding method using an automated internal grinding device with process switching as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: First, based on the original roughness of the inner surface of the workpiece and the required grinding precision, formulate a circumferential partitioning scheme for the combined grinding wheel (2), and set the abrasive mesh count and the gradual width of the damping groove on the surface of each section of the abrasive belt (204); second, guide the entire grinding device into the inner circle of the workpiece to be ground, and then start the device. During the grinding process, the motor drives the entire grinding device to revolve. Grinding is carried out through the friction between the combined grinding wheel (2) and the inner circle of the workpiece. At the same time, the friction generated by the contact causes the combined grinding wheel (2) to slowly rotate around the connecting shaft (103). The abrasive belts (204) with different grit sizes participate in the grinding in sequence, realizing the automated adjustment of the process from rough grinding, semi-fine grinding to fine grinding. According to the requirements of the grinding stage, the number of circumferential partitions of the combined grinding wheel (2) can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the number of rubber support bodies (203); the degree of gradual change in the width of the damping groove is designed according to the grinding time required for each stage, and the rotation speed of the combined grinding wheel (2) is controlled by the gradual damping effect between the damping groove and the cylindrical pin, thereby adjusting the grinding time of each process; the elastic properties of the rubber support body (203) are used to perform contour grinding on the uneven area of ​​the inner wall of the workpiece.

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