High-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system

Abstract

The application provides a high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system, comprising: a scheme making layer, which is used for determining a warning index threshold according to three-dimensional topographic features and artificial spoil features of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope; a monitoring implementation layer, which is used for performing a patrol on the high-speed railway adverse geological slope according to the warning index threshold, and extracting a warning criterion in the patrol process, the warning criterion comprising warning feature information of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope; a warning implementation layer, which is used for determining a warning result according to the warning criterion, the warning result comprising macroscopic monitoring results and special monitoring results of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope; a release response layer, which is used for determining a warning strategy based on the warning result; and a data output layer, which is used for outputting a warning report according to the warning strategy. The early warning system of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide is set as a multi-level structure, each level is responsible for special data monitoring and special data output, and the monitoring safety level of the adverse geology is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of engineering construction technology, in particular to a landslide early warning system for a poor geological slope of a high-speed railway. BACKGROUND

[0002] The Qingfeng Tunnel of the Kangyu Railway passes through the Ganguang Bay and then connects with the Ankang Hanjiang Bridge. The Ganguang Bay is a tectonic erosion and erosion low mountain with a steep terrain. The ground elevation is 230-360m, the relative height difference is 50-130m, and the gullies are well developed. Meanwhile, the bedrock is mostly exposed in the slope area, and the soil cover is thin. The soil cover is relatively thick in the gentle slope area and the gullies. Therefore, the poor geology of the Ganguang Bay is mainly the Ganguang Bay landslide and artificial spoil, which endangers the safety of the newly-built Kangyu Railway and the existing provincial highway. At present, there is no special landslide early warning system for the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a landslide early warning system for a poor geological slope of a high-speed railway, which solves the problem that there is no special early warning system when the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway has a landslide, resulting in a late warning and a safety hazard.

[0004] According to the landslide early warning system for a poor geological slope of a high-speed railway provided by the present application, the system comprises:

[0005] A scheme formulation layer is configured to determine a warning index threshold according to the three-dimensional topographic features and the artificial spoil features of the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway. The three-dimensional topographic features include geological information and section information of the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway. The artificial spoil features include spoil topographic information formed by the artificial spoil on the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway.

[0006] A monitoring implementation layer is configured to perform a patrol on the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway according to the warning index threshold, and extract a warning criterion in the patrol process. The warning criterion includes warning feature information of the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway.

[0007] A warning implementation layer is configured to determine a warning result according to the warning criterion. The warning result includes a macroscopic monitoring result and a special monitoring result of the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway.

[0008] A response publishing layer is configured to determine a warning strategy based on the warning result.

[0009] A data output layer is configured to output a warning report according to the warning strategy.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, the system further comprises a landslide area of the poor geological slope of a high-speed railway constructed based on the three-dimensional topographic features, and an artificial spoil area constructed based on the artificial spoil features.

[0011] The scheme formulation layer comprises:

[0012] determining a monitoring profile and a monitoring point according to the landslide area and the artificial dumping area;

[0013] determining monitoring content, monitoring equipment and monitoring information according to the monitoring profile and the monitoring point;

[0014] determining the early warning index threshold according to the monitoring content, the monitoring equipment and the monitoring information.

[0015] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a scheme formulation layer.

[0016] According to an implementation of the present application, the monitoring information comprises a monitoring range, a monitoring period and a monitoring frequency;

[0017] The monitoring range is a monitoring area of the monitoring equipment in the landslide area and the artificial dumping area based on the monitoring content.

[0018] The monitoring period is a time length of one monitoring.

[0019] The monitoring frequency is a monitoring times in one monitoring period.

[0020] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of monitoring information.

[0021] According to an implementation of the present application, the monitoring implementation layer comprises:

[0022] installing the monitoring equipment in the landslide area and the artificial dumping area according to the monitoring profile and the monitoring point;

[0023] acquiring real-time environmental information of the landslide area and the artificial dumping area based on the monitoring content, the monitoring equipment and the monitoring information, and generating the early warning criterion according to the real-time environmental information and the early warning index threshold.

[0024] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a monitoring implementation layer.

[0025] According to an implementation of the present application, the early warning criterion comprises a rainfall criterion, a deformation criterion and a pre-disaster precursor anomaly criterion;

[0026] The rainfall criterion comprises daily rainfall, cumulative rainfall, effective rainfall and a deformation amount and rainfall mapping relationship.

[0027] The deformation criterion comprises a deformation amount, a deformation rate, a deformation acceleration and a tangent angle.

[0028] The disaster precursor anomaly criterion comprises a disaster deformation feature, a crack combination feature, a deformation development feature and a disaster precursor anomaly feature.

[0029] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a pre-warning criterion.

[0030] According to an implementation of the present application, the pre-warning implementation layer comprises:

[0031] Based on the pre-warning criterion, a landslide trend feature of the landslide area and the artificial spoil area is determined, and a macroscopic monitoring result is generated according to the landslide trend feature;

[0032] Based on the pre-warning criterion, a special index feature of the landslide area and the artificial spoil area is determined, and a special monitoring result is generated according to the special index feature.

[0033] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a pre-warning implementation layer.

[0034] According to an implementation of the present application, the pre-warning implementation layer further comprises:

[0035] Based on the pre-warning criterion, a surface displacement, a deep displacement and a rainfall of the landslide area and the artificial spoil area are acquired, and the special index feature is generated according to the surface displacement, the deep displacement and the rainfall.

[0036] Specifically, the embodiment provides another implementation of a pre-warning implementation layer.

[0037] According to an implementation of the present application, the pre-warning implementation layer comprises:

[0038] According to the pre-warning result, pre-warning level information is determined, and according to the pre-warning level information, a pre-warning strategy is determined, the pre-warning strategy at least comprising a pre-warning form, a disposal response, a danger elimination and a response release.

[0039] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a pre-warning implementation layer.

[0040] According to an implementation of the present application, the pre-warning level information at least comprises a blue pre-warning, a yellow pre-warning, an orange pre-warning and a red pre-warning;

[0041] The blue pre-warning indicates that the current is at a notice level.

[0042] The yellow pre-warning is currently at a warning level.

[0043] The orange pre-warning is currently at an alert level.

[0044] The red pre-warning is currently at an alarm level.

[0045] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of early warning level information.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present application, the data output layer comprises: pushing early warning information to a preset receiving terminal based on the early warning strategy, wherein the early warning information at least comprises a monitoring early warning report, early warning drawings and early warning tables.

[0047] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a data output layer, which facilitates timely viewing by a user.

[0048] The one or more technical solutions in the present application have at least one of the following technical effects: the high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system provided by the present application sets the high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system as a multi-level structure, each level is responsible for special data monitoring and special data output, early warning of landslide conditions and disaster precursors is realized, the monitoring safety level of adverse geology is greatly improved, and the occurrence of landslides and disasters can be prevented in advance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system provided by the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 is a plane schematic diagram of the high-speed railway adverse geological and prevention engineering;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a waste soil monitoring section in the high-speed railway adverse geological slope provided by the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of the landslide monitoring section in the high-speed railway adverse geological slope provided by the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 is the second schematic diagram of the landslide monitoring section in the high-speed railway adverse geological slope provided by the present application.

[0055] Reference signs:

[0056] 10, scheme formulation layer; 20, monitoring implementation layer; 30, early warning implementation layer; 40, response release layer; 50, data output layer; 60, artificial soil dumping area; 70, landslide area; 80, GNSS base station; 90, GNSS monitoring point; 100, deep displacement monitoring device; 110, stress monitoring device; 120, rainfall monitoring device; 130, anti-slide pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments.

[0060] In some specific embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 to 5 The present application provides a landslide early warning system for a high-speed railway adverse geological slope, which comprises:

[0061] The scheme formulation layer 10 is configured to determine a warning index threshold value according to three-dimensional topographic features and artificial soil dumping features of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope, wherein the three-dimensional topographic features include geological information and section information of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope, and the artificial soil dumping features include soil dumping topographic information formed by the artificial soil dumping on the high-speed railway adverse geological slope;

[0062] The monitoring implementation layer 20 is configured to perform a patrol on the high-speed railway adverse geological slope according to the warning index threshold value, and extract a warning criterion in the patrol process, wherein the warning criterion includes warning feature information of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope;

[0063] The early warning implementation layer 30 is used to determine the early warning results based on the early warning criteria. The early warning results include the macro-monitoring results and special monitoring results of the adverse geological slopes of high-speed railways.

[0064] Release response layer 40 to determine early warning strategies based on early warning results;

[0065] Data output layer 50 is used to output early warning reports according to the early warning strategy.

[0066] It should be noted that the multi-layered early warning system, consisting of a scheme formulation layer 10, a monitoring and implementation layer 20, an early warning implementation layer 30, a release and response layer 40, and a data output layer 50, combined with macroscopic sign inspections, monitoring data analysis, and regional geological disaster meteorological early warnings, comprehensively assesses the risk level of potential hazards. When identifiable precursors to disasters are discovered, an early warning of impending disaster can be issued, and timely response strategies can be implemented based on the warning results.

[0067] In an application scenario, such as Figure 2 The diagram shows a plan view of the adverse geological conditions and prevention and control engineering for the high-speed railway. The landslide has a long, tongue-shaped plan view. The landslide mass is mainly composed of silty clay and coarse gravelly soil, with local inclusions of gravelly soil. Silty clay is distributed on the surface of the landslide area, while gravelly soil is distributed in the lower part. The gravel and gravel are mainly composed of siliceous rock, slate, and schist. The landslide mass is characterized by being thinner at the leading and trailing edges and thicker in the middle. The sliding surface is irregularly zigzag-shaped, with a steeper dip angle at the leading and trailing edges and a gentler dip angle in the middle. The Gangouwan landslide is basically stable under natural conditions, but it may become unstable under the influence of heavy rain, earthquakes, or construction disturbances, posing a safety impact on the Qingfeng Tunnel exit and the Hanjiang Bridge.

[0068] Furthermore, the artificial spoil heap is the spoil disposal site built during the construction of the Xiangyu Railway. It is located in the dry ditch bend to the right of the Qingfeng Tunnel, and its main component is gravelly soil, slightly dense. The gravel is primarily composed of siliceous rock and schist, with coarse gravel accounting for approximately 45%–50% (2–6 cm in diameter) and fine gravel accounting for approximately 5%–10%. The remainder is mainly filled with clayey soil, and the surface has been leveled as dry land. The bottom of the spoil heap consists of colluvial, stiff, silty clay. Because the drainage ditches constructed during the spoil heap construction in the dry ditch bend are largely destroyed, surface water may infiltrate under extreme weather conditions, causing softening of the underlying silty clay layer and potentially leading to localized instability of the spoil heap, posing a safety risk to the Qingfeng Tunnel exit and the Hanjiang Bridge.

[0069] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, it also includes: a landslide area 70 of a high-speed railway adverse geological slope constructed based on three-dimensional topographic features, and an artificial spoil disposal area 60 constructed based on artificial spoil disposal features.

[0070] Solution formulation layer 10 includes:

[0071] The monitoring profile and monitoring points were determined based on landslide area 70 and artificial spoil disposal area 60.

[0072] determining the monitoring content, the monitoring device and the monitoring information according to the monitoring profile and the monitoring point;

[0073] determining the early warning index threshold according to the monitoring content, the monitoring device and the monitoring information.

[0074] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of the scheme formulation layer 10, which determines the monitoring profile and the monitoring point according to the characteristics of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60, and further determines the monitoring content, the monitoring device and the monitoring information, thereby providing data support for the determination of the early warning index threshold.

[0075] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the monitoring information includes a monitoring range, a monitoring period and a monitoring frequency;

[0076] The monitoring range is a monitoring area of the monitoring device in the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 based on the monitoring content.

[0077] The monitoring period is a time length of one monitoring.

[0078] The monitoring frequency is a monitoring number in one monitoring period.

[0079] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of the monitoring information, which determines the monitoring area of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60, and the monitoring period and the monitoring frequency of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 according to the monitoring range, the monitoring period and the monitoring frequency.

[0080] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the monitoring implementation layer 20 includes:

[0081] installing the monitoring device in the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 according to the monitoring profile and the monitoring point;

[0082] acquiring real-time environmental information of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 based on the monitoring content, the monitoring device and the monitoring information, and generating an early warning criterion according to the real-time environmental information and the early warning index threshold.

[0083] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of the monitoring implementation layer 20, which installs the monitoring device in the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 through the monitoring profile and the monitoring point, and further acquires the real-time environmental information of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 according to the monitoring device, thereby providing data support for the early warning criterion.

[0084] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the early warning criterion includes a rainfall criterion, a deformation criterion and a pre-disaster precursor anomaly criterion.

[0085] The rainfall criterion includes daily rainfall, cumulative rainfall, effective rainfall, and a deformation-rainfall mapping relationship.

[0086] The deformation criterion includes deformation, deformation rate, deformation acceleration, and tangent angle.

[0087] The disaster precursor anomaly criterion includes disaster deformation characteristics, crack combination characteristics, deformation development characteristics, and disaster precursor anomaly characteristics.

[0088] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of a pre-warning criterion, and a criterion combination of multi-parameter comprehensive pre-warning, which improves the accuracy of determining disaster occurrence. The pre-warning model is based on geological characteristics, influencing factors, and development trends of disaster hazards, is determined based on comprehensive analysis of deformation and damage characteristics, and is adjusted in a timely manner according to mechanism understanding, monitoring data, rainfall, deformation, and disaster precursor anomalies.

[0089] In possible embodiments, the relationship between the surface displacement and the deep horizontal displacement deformation pre-warning threshold is as follows:

[0090] The first pre-warning value: cumulative deformation > 40 mm or daily deformation rate > 5 mm / d (for 3 consecutive days);

[0091] The second pre-warning value: 30 mm cumulative deformation < 40 mm or 3 mm / d three-day deformation rate < 5 mm / d (for 3 consecutive days);

[0092] The third pre-warning value: 20 mm ≤ cumulative deformation < 30 mm or 2 mm / d three-day deformation rate < 3 mm / d (for 3 consecutive days);

[0093] The fourth pre-warning value: 10 mm cumulative deformation < 20 mm or 1 mm / d three-day deformation rate < 2 mm / d (for 3 consecutive days).

[0094] In possible embodiments, the rainfall pre-warning threshold relationship is as follows:

[0095] The first pre-warning value: hourly rainfall 60 mm or daily rainfall 100 mm or rainfall rate 4.0 mm / min;

[0096] The second pre-warning value: hourly rainfall 30 mm or daily rainfall 50 mm or rainfall rate 2.0 mm / min;

[0097] The third pre-warning value: hourly rainfall 15 mm or daily rainfall 25 mm or rainfall rate 1.0 mm / min;

[0098] The fourth pre-warning value: hourly rainfall 5 mm or daily rainfall 10 mm or rainfall rate 0.5 mm / min.

[0099] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the early warning implementation layer 30 comprises:

[0100] Based on the early warning criterion, the landslide trend characteristics of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 are determined, and the macro monitoring result is generated according to the landslide trend characteristics;

[0101] Based on the early warning criterion, the special index characteristics of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 are determined, and the special monitoring result is generated according to the special index characteristics.

[0102] Specifically, the present embodiment provides an implementation manner of the early warning implementation layer 30, according to the early warning criterion, the landslide trend characteristics and the special index characteristics of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 are determined, and then the macro monitoring result and the special monitoring result are respectively generated.

[0103] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the early warning implementation layer 30 further comprises:

[0104] Based on the early warning criterion, the surface displacement, the deep displacement and the rainfall of the landslide area 70 and the artificial dumping area 60 are obtained, and the special index characteristics are generated according to the surface displacement, the deep displacement and the rainfall.

[0105] Specifically, the present embodiment provides another implementation manner of the early warning implementation layer 30, by obtaining the surface displacement, the deep displacement and the rainfall, the special index characteristics are generated, which is convenient for monitoring through specific indexes to realize the landslide early warning of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope.

[0106] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the publishing response layer 40 comprises:

[0107] According to the early warning result, the early warning level information is determined, and according to the early warning level information, the early warning strategy is determined, and the early warning strategy at least comprises the early warning form, the disposal response, the danger elimination and the response release.

[0108] Specifically, the present embodiment provides an implementation manner of the publishing response layer 40, according to the early warning result, the corresponding early warning level information is determined, and according to the early warning level information, the early warning strategy of which early warning form is adopted is determined, which includes the early warning form, the specific form of the early warning, the response disposal mode after the early warning, the early warning prompt when the crisis is eliminated and the response is released, etc.

[0109] In some possible implementation manners of the present application, the early warning level information at least comprises blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning;

[0110] Among them, the blue early warning indicates that the current is in the attention level;

[0111] The yellow early warning is currently in the warning level;

[0112] Orange warning is currently at alert level;

[0113] Red warning is currently at alarm level.

[0114] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of warning level information, which identifies different levels of warning level information through various colors, so that the warning level information is more convenient to distinguish and has a significant warning effect.

[0115] In possible embodiments, blue warning (attention level): the possibility of geological disasters is small, there are certain deformation characteristics, and the possibility of geological disasters within a year is small. After the blue warning is issued, the group monitoring and prevention personnel should go to the site to patrol the macroscopic signs and feed back the relevant information to the project department and the natural resources department of the township (township, street office).

[0116] In possible embodiments, yellow warning (warning level): the possibility of geological disasters is large, there are obvious deformation characteristics, and the probability of large-scale occurrence within weeks or months is large. After the yellow warning is issued, the geological disaster hidden danger point monitoring person in charge and the group monitoring and prevention personnel should go to the site to patrol the macroscopic signs; the technical support unit should strengthen the monitoring data analysis, carry out medium-term warning, predict the development trend, and further check the site, and feed back the relevant information to the project department and the natural resources department of the township (township, street office).

[0117] In possible embodiments, orange warning (alert level): the possibility of geological disasters is large, there are certain macroscopic precursor characteristics, and the probability of large-scale occurrence within days or weeks is large. After the orange warning is issued, the geological disaster hidden danger point monitoring person in charge and the group monitoring and prevention personnel should go to the site to patrol the macroscopic signs and strengthen the monitoring of macroscopic deformation signs; the technical support unit should strengthen the monitoring data analysis, carry out short-term warning, predict the development trend; the disaster prevention person in charge of the township (township, street office) goes to the site together with the technical support unit to further check and feed back the relevant information to the project department and the county-level natural resources department.

[0118] In possible embodiments, red warning (alarm level): the possibility of geological disasters is very large, various short-term precursor characteristics are obvious, and the probability of large-scale occurrence within hours or days is very large. After the red warning is issued, the geological disaster hidden danger point monitoring person in charge and the group monitoring and prevention personnel should go to the site to patrol and investigate the macroscopic signs, strengthen the macroscopic deformation monitoring and short-term precursor monitoring, and carry out short-term warning. According to the actual situation of the site macroscopic deformation, etc., it is determined whether to organize the transfer of the masses in the geological disaster danger area in advance. The county-level natural resources department goes to the site together with the township (township, street office) and the technical support unit to further investigate and dispose. If it is indeed a disaster, corresponding actions should be taken immediately according to the emergency plan and the disaster risk situation rapid reporting mechanism.

[0119] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the data output layer 50 comprises: pushing early warning information to a preset receiving terminal based on an early warning strategy, the early warning information at least comprising a monitoring early warning report, an early warning drawing and an early warning appendix.

[0120] Specifically, the embodiment provides an implementation of the data output layer 50, which facilitates the user to view in time.

[0121] In a possible embodiment, the artificial soil dumping area 60 is provided with a soil dumping monitoring section, and is provided with one GNSS base station 80, three GNSS monitoring points 90 and three sets of deep displacement monitoring devices 100.

[0122] In a possible embodiment, the landslide area 70 is provided with three landslide monitoring sections, and is respectively provided with one GNSS base station 80, three GNSS monitoring points 90 and three sets of deep displacement monitoring devices 100.

[0123] In a possible embodiment, each GNSS receiver in the adverse geological slope deformation monitoring network only needs to output the original data and ephemeris of the GNSS, the original data contains all the necessary pseudo-range and carrier phase data solved by the GNSS, and the ephemeris refers to the broadcast ephemeris broadcast by the GNSS satellite. The data is transmitted to the control center through a wide area network, a local area network, a serial port, a wireless device, etc. The control center server obtains the original real-time data stream of each monitoring point according to the IP address and port number corresponding to each GNSS receiver, and performs real-time differential solution on the original data to obtain the coordinates of each monitoring station, and stores them in the database or sends them to the client.

[0124] In one application scenario, based on the GNSS base station 80 and the GNSS monitoring point 90, the real-time data stream of the GNSS base station 80 and the GNSS monitoring point 90 is collected according to the pseudo-range and the carrier phase;

[0125] Based on the real-time data stream of the GNSS base station 80 and the GNSS monitoring point 90, the monitoring point coordinates of each GNSS monitoring point 90 are obtained, and the monitoring point coordinate big data is formed;

[0126] Based on the monitoring point coordinate big data, the slope geological deformation of the artificial soil dumping area 60 and the landslide area 70 is monitored.

[0127] It should be noted that the full name of GNSS is Global Navigation Satellite System, also known as Global Satellite Navigation System, which is an air-based radio navigation positioning system that can provide users with all-weather 3D coordinates and speed and time information at any location on the earth's surface or near space. The slope surface deformation monitoring adopts GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) for monitoring. The monitoring by GNSS not only saves cost, but also reduces the loss caused by the damage of the monitoring point equipment.

[0128] In a possible embodiment, the deep displacement monitoring device 100 is pre-buried in the artificial spoil area 60 and the landslide area 70, and the monitoring range of the deep displacement monitoring device 100 covers at least the junction position of the artificial spoil area 60 and the landslide area 70.

[0129] In a possible embodiment, the deep displacement monitoring device 100 is an array displacement meter, each array displacement meter internally integrates multiple high-precision MEMS accelerometers, and adopts a "symmetric" structure arrangement to eliminate the interference of the model and the influence of temperature; each measurement unit node integrates a high operation performance processor to quickly process the collected data and perform real-time data calculation, directly output the calculation result, greatly reducing the data amount of remote data transmission and the operation amount of the platform.

[0130] In a possible embodiment, each array displacement meter internally integrates multiple high-precision MEMS accelerometers, and adopts a "symmetric" structure arrangement to eliminate the interference of the model and the influence of temperature; each measurement unit node integrates a high operation performance processor to quickly process the collected data and perform real-time data calculation, directly output the calculation result, greatly reducing the data amount of remote data transmission and the operation amount of the platform.

[0131] In a possible embodiment, the stress monitoring device 110 is connected with the anti-slide pile 130 at the center position in the artificial spoil area 60 and the landslide area 70 respectively, and by arranging the stress monitoring device 110 on the anti-slide pile 130, the automatic monitoring of the deformation of the anti-slide pile 130 is realized.

[0132] In a possible embodiment, the engineering structure is the anti-slide pile 130, and the steel stress meter is used to measure the steel strain of the embedded anti-slide pile 130 concrete, so as to timely reflect the stress condition of the steel bar, which is used as a reference for the construction of the on-site engineering personnel.

[0133] In possible embodiments, the anti-slide pile 130 is a vibrating string type steel stress meter, which is structured by connecting two steels at both ends of a special instrument, containing a group of micro vibrating string type strain gauges and an inductor coil in the middle instrument section, the coil connecting cable is led out from the center of the strain gauge and connected to a vibrating string type reader or data logger. These readers can provide an excitation voltage required to vibrate the steel string, and after the steel meter is excited to resonate, the vibration frequency of the steel string is measured by the reader, and through the change of the vibration frequency, the on-site monitoring personnel can accurately calculate the stress value of the measured steel.

[0134] In possible embodiments, the rainfall monitoring device 120 is arranged in the artificial dumping area 60 and the landslide area 70, and the harm of rainfall to the deformation area is analyzed by collecting the rainfall of the deformation area every hour, every day and every week, and the safety management prevention measures are prepared in advance, thereby providing necessary historical basis for the safety of the deformation area.

[0135] It should be noted that the rainfall of the deformation area is the most important environmental factor affecting its safety, and the monitoring points are arranged in the key hidden danger area; the rainfall data is automatically obtained by the rain gauge, and the development and change trend of the reservoir water level is predicted according to the rainfall, and the historical curve diagram is drawn.

[0136] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0137] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0138] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "aspects", "specific aspects", or "some aspects" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or aspect are contained in at least one embodiment or aspect of the embodiments of the present application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or aspect. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or aspects. In addition, different embodiments or aspects described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or aspects can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction, and should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and not to limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present application, and should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A landslide early warning system for unfavorable geological slopes along high-speed railways, characterized in that, include: The scheme formulation layer (10) is used to determine the warning index threshold based on the three-dimensional morphological features and artificial spoil characteristics of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope. The three-dimensional morphological features include the geological information and cross-sectional information of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope, and the artificial spoil characteristics include the spoil morphology information formed by artificial spoil on the high-speed railway adverse geological slope. The monitoring implementation layer (20) is used to conduct inspections of the unfavorable geological slopes of the high-speed railway according to the warning index threshold, and to extract the warning criteria during the inspection process. The warning criteria include the warning feature information of the unfavorable geological slopes of the high-speed railway. The early warning implementation layer (30) is used to determine the early warning result based on the early warning criteria. The early warning result includes the macro-monitoring results and special monitoring results of the adverse geological slope of the high-speed railway. Release response layer (40) for determining early warning strategy based on the early warning results; The data output layer (50) is used to output early warning reports according to the early warning strategy; It also includes: the landslide area (70) of the high-speed railway adverse geological slope constructed based on the three-dimensional topographic features, and the artificial spoil area (60) constructed based on the artificial spoil features. The scheme formulation layer (10) includes: determining the monitoring profile and monitoring points based on the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60); determining the monitoring content, monitoring equipment and monitoring information based on the monitoring profile and the monitoring points; and determining the early warning indicator threshold based on the monitoring content, the monitoring equipment and the monitoring information. The monitoring information includes the monitoring range, monitoring cycle, and monitoring frequency; wherein, the monitoring range is the monitoring area of ​​the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60) based on the monitoring content; the monitoring cycle is the duration of one monitoring session; and the monitoring frequency is the number of monitoring sessions within one monitoring cycle. The monitoring implementation layer (20) includes: installing the monitoring equipment in the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60) according to the monitoring profile and the monitoring points; obtaining real-time environmental information of the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60) based on the monitoring content, the monitoring equipment and the monitoring information, and generating the early warning criterion according to the real-time environmental information and the early warning indicator threshold; The early warning implementation layer (30) includes: determining the landslide trend characteristics of the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60) based on the early warning criteria, and generating the macro monitoring results based on the landslide trend characteristics; determining the specific indicator characteristics of the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60) based on the early warning criteria, and generating the specific monitoring results based on the specific indicator characteristics; The early warning implementation layer (30) further includes: based on the early warning criteria, obtaining the surface displacement, deep displacement and rainfall of the landslide area (70) and the artificial spoil disposal area (60), and generating the special indicator features based on the surface displacement, the deep displacement and the rainfall.

2. The high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning criteria include rainfall criteria, deformation criteria, and pre-disaster anomaly criteria; The rainfall criteria include daily rainfall, cumulative rainfall, effective rainfall, and the mapping relationship between deformation and rainfall. The deformation criteria include deformation amount, deformation rate, deformation acceleration, and tangent angle; The criteria for identifying pre-disaster anomalies include pre-disaster deformation characteristics, crack combination characteristics, deformation development characteristics, and pre-disaster anomaly characteristics.

3. The high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The release response layer (40) includes: The warning level information is determined based on the warning results, and the warning strategy is determined based on the warning level information. The warning strategy includes at least the warning form, response, hazard elimination, and response cancellation.

4. The high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The warning level information includes at least blue warning, yellow warning, orange warning and red warning; The blue warning indicator is currently at the attention level; The yellow alert is currently at the warning level. The orange alert level is currently at the warning level. The red alert is currently at the alarm level.

5. The high-speed railway adverse geological slope landslide early warning system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The data output layer (50) includes: Based on the aforementioned early warning strategy, early warning information is pushed to a preset receiving terminal. The early warning information includes at least a monitoring and early warning report, an early warning diagram, and an early warning table.

Images