A multi-depth sampling device and method for geological exploration

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-depth sampling device and method for geological survey, and relates to the technical field of geological survey.The device comprises a drilling cylinder and an inner drill rod arranged from outside to inside, and the inner drill rod is arranged axially along the drilling cylinder; the lower end of the drilling cylinder is provided with crushing teeth in a ring shape, the lower end of the inner drill rod is provided with a drill bit locally extending out of the lower end of the drilling cylinder, and a gap is left between the drill bit and the inner side of the drilling cylinder; an outer drill rod is rotationally connected with the drilling cylinder and coaxially arranged with the inner drill rod, the outer drill rod is axially provided with a through hole, the inner drill rod locally penetrates through the through hole, the outer side of the outer drill rod in the axial direction is provided with an auger fan blade, and the outer diameter of the auger fan blade is matched with the inner diameter of the inner drill rod; and a driving structure for driving the outer drill rod to rotate is arranged between the inner drill rod and the outer drill rod. By means of the inner drill rod and the outer drill rod cooperating with each other, multi-depth drilling sampling can be quickly operated and used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, specifically to a multi-depth sampling device and method for geological exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Layered sampling of the overburden is a crucial step in geological analysis. It requires drilling to a sufficient depth into the soil while avoiding mixing of samples from different overburden layers, which could affect the accuracy of the analytical results.

[0003] Sampling equipment for geotechnical drilling in related technologies includes a fixed support, on which a hydraulic cylinder is mounted. The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the support, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a sampling rod with a pointed head. A set of sampling slots is evenly distributed on the sampling rod, and cover plates are installed on the sampling slots. The cover plates are connected together by tie rods, and the sampling rod has cover plate sliding tracks. During sampling, the hydraulic cylinder moves the sampling rod to the designated position, collecting the geotechnical material at that position into the sampling slot, thus completing the sampling of the designated location within the geotechnical material.

[0004] However, in actual use, when sampling at multiple depths is required, different boreholes need to be opened or repeated operations need to be performed, which affects the sampling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a multi-depth sampling device and method for geological exploration. This solution utilizes an inner drill rod and an outer drill rod that work together to facilitate quick operation and multi-depth drilling and sampling.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration includes: The drill tube and the inner drill rod are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The inner drill rod is arranged along the axial direction of the drill tube. The upper end of the inner drill rod extends out of the drill tube and is connected to the drilling drive equipment. The lower end of the drill tube has circumferential crushing teeth. The lower end of the inner drill rod has a drill bit that partially extends out of the lower end of the drill tube. A gap is left between the drill bit and the inner side of the drill tube. An outer drill rod is rotatably connected to the drill barrel and is coaxially arranged with the inner drill rod. The outer drill rod has an axial through hole, and the inner drill rod partially passes through the through hole. An auger fan blade is provided on the outer side of the outer drill rod along its axial direction, and the outer diameter of the auger fan blade is adapted to the inner diameter of the drill barrel. A drive structure for driving the outer drill rod to rotate is provided between the inner drill rod and the outer drill rod.

[0007] Compared to existing technologies, which involve using a hydraulic cylinder to move a sampling rod to a designated location during sampling, collecting soil and rock samples from that location into a sampling trench, this invention addresses the problem of efficiency issues when multi-depth sampling is required. This invention provides a multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration. This device utilizes a cooperating inner and outer drill rod for quick and easy multi-depth drilling and sampling. The specific design includes a drill barrel and an inner drill rod arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The lower ends of the drill barrel and the inner drill rod are respectively equipped with shredding teeth and a drill bit. Therefore, driven by the rotation of the drilling drive equipment, drilling to a certain depth is performed through the shredding teeth and the drill bit. A gap is left between the drill bit and the drill barrel to facilitate the passage of geological samples. An outer drill rod is also installed inside the drill barrel, with a through hole in the middle. The inner drill rod partially passes through the through hole. At this point, there is no transmission relationship between the outer and inner drill rods; therefore, the rotation of the inner drill rod does not drive the rotation of the outer drill rod. The rotation of the outer drill rod... It is attached to the inside of the drill barrel to fix its axial position; a drive structure is also provided between the inner drill rod and the outer drill rod. The drive structure is used to brake the outer drill rod and drive the outer drill rod to rotate. In this way, after drilling to a certain depth through the drill bit and shredder teeth, the drive structure is controlled to drive the outer drill rod to rotate, so that the sample at that depth can be transported upward through the auger blades; when sampling at one depth is completed, the drive structure is controlled to stop driving the outer drill rod to rotate, and the multi-depth sampling device is controlled to descend. The above steps are repeated to complete the sampling at the next depth.

[0008] A further embodiment, as a specific implementation of driving the rotation of the outer drill pipe, includes a sleeve and a telescopic component. The sleeve is slidably fitted onto the inner drill pipe and located above the outer drill pipe. The telescopic component is located inside the drill barrel and is used to drive the sleeve to move axially along the inner drill pipe. Both the sleeve and the upper ends of the outer drill pipe have meshing teeth on their opposite faces. In this embodiment, the sleeve and the inner drill pipe can rotate synchronously and slide axially along the inner drill pipe. Therefore, driven by the telescopic component, the sleeve can slide downwards, causing the upper teeth on the sleeve to gradually mesh with the lower teeth on the upper end of the outer drill pipe, thereby driving the outer drill pipe to rotate synchronously.

[0009] A further solution, as a specific implementation of synchronous rotation and axial sliding, is that the inner drill rod has a groove on its side along its axial direction, and the inner side of the sleeve has a protrusion that matches the groove.

[0010] A further refinement, to facilitate disengagement between the sleeve and the outer drill pipe, includes a return spring within the groove, with both ends of the return spring connected to the bottom of the groove and the protrusion, respectively. The telescopic component is located above the sleeve and is an electrically operated push rod. In this design, the telescopic component uses an electrically operated miniature push rod, which pushes the sleeve downward and compresses the return spring, engaging the upper and lower locking teeth. When disengagement is required, the electric push rod retracts upward, allowing the sleeve to return to its original position under the spring force.

[0011] In a further embodiment, to facilitate the removal of samples from inside the drill barrel, the drill barrel has a discharge port that runs through both the inside and outside, and the uppermost end of the auger blade is higher than the discharge port.

[0012] A further improvement is made to enhance drilling efficiency by providing the drill bit with several uniformly arranged crushing protrusions; wherein multiple sets of crushing protrusions are arranged in an array around the center of the drill bit.

[0013] A further proposed solution, to enhance drilling effectiveness and efficiency, involves a rotatable connection between the upper end of the drill barrel and the inner drill rod, with the upper end of the drill barrel having circumferentially meshing teeth. In this solution, the rotatable connection between the drill barrel and the inner drill rod can be achieved by setting a rotating shaft groove in the middle hole at the upper end of the drill barrel, allowing the inner drill rod to partially extend into the groove for rotation, or by installing a bearing in the middle hole at the upper end of the drill barrel for rotation, etc. The circumferentially meshing teeth at the upper end of the drill barrel allow the drilling drive equipment to drive the drill barrel and the inner drill rod to rotate independently via shafts and teeth. Specifically, the drill barrel and the inner drill rod are connected via an intermediate shaft, and the rotating and meshing teeth engage with each other, enabling the drill barrel and the inner drill rod to rotate relatively independently. This complementary interaction facilitates dual-fracture drilling and enhances drilling effectiveness.

[0014] A further solution, as a specific implementation of the external drill rod rotation connection, is that the upper end of the external drill rod has a circumferential support plate, and the inner side of the drill barrel has a circumferential groove that is slidably connected to the circumferential support plate.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the upper protruding portion of the inner drill rod is connected to the drilling drive equipment via a coupling.

[0016] A further proposed method, a sampling method for a multi-depth sampling device used in geological exploration, includes the following steps: S1: Select drilling location; S2: Fixed drilling frame, assembling the multi-depth sampling device with the drilling frame; S3: Start drilling, and crush the sample through the crushing teeth and drill bit, squeezing the sample into the drill barrel; S4: After reaching the sampling depth, the control drive structure drives the outer drill rod to rotate and is conveyed upward through the auger blades; S5: After completing sampling at one depth, control the drive structure to stop driving the external drill rod to rotate, and continue to control the multi-depth sampling device to descend, repeating the above steps to complete sampling at the next depth.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention provides a multi-depth sampling device and method for geological exploration. In this invention, by improving the conventional drill rod structure, the drill barrel and drill rod are set to move relatively independently without affecting each other, which facilitates dual-fracture drilling and increases drilling efficiency. The drill rod is further set as an inner drill rod and an outer drill rod, and the movement state is controlled by a simple clutch structure, thereby realizing sampling and feeding as needed, which is convenient for control and increases efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-depth sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a multi-depth sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A bottom view of a multi-depth sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a drill bit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external drill pipe portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1. Drill barrel, 2. Inner drill rod, 3. Outer drill rod, 4. Screwdriver blade, 5. Discharge port, 6. Crushing teeth, 7. Drill bit, 8. Crushing protrusion, 9. Coupling, 10. Sleeve disc, 11. Lower clamping tooth, 12. Upper clamping tooth, 13. Slide groove, 14. Protrusion, 15. Return spring, 16. Telescopic component, 17. Engaging teeth, 18. Circumferential support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: This Example 1 provides a multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes: The drill tube 1 and the inner drill rod 2 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The inner drill rod 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the drill tube 1. The upper end of the inner drill rod 2 extends out of the drill tube 1 and is connected to the drilling drive equipment. The lower end of the drill tube 1 is circumferentially equipped with crushing teeth 6. The lower end of the inner drill rod 2 is equipped with a drill bit 7 that partially extends out of the lower end of the drill tube 1. A gap is left between the drill bit 7 and the inner side of the drill tube 1. The outer drill rod 3 is rotatably connected to the drill barrel 1 and is coaxially arranged with the inner drill rod 2. The outer drill rod 3 has a through hole in the axial direction. The inner drill rod 2 partially passes through the through hole. The outer drill rod 3 is provided with an auger blade 4 on its outer side along its axial direction. The outer diameter of the auger blade 4 is adapted to the inner diameter of the drill barrel 1. A drive structure for driving the outer drill rod 3 to rotate is provided between the inner drill rod 2 and the outer drill rod 3.

[0022] Compared to existing technologies, where a hydraulic cylinder moves a sampling rod to a designated location during sampling to collect soil and rock from that location into a sampling trench, this method suffers from drawbacks. In practice, when multi-depth sampling is required, different boreholes need to be drilled or repeated operations may be necessary, impacting sampling efficiency. This invention provides a multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration. This device utilizes a cooperating inner drill rod 2 and outer drill rod 3 for quick and easy multi-depth drilling and sampling. The specific design includes a drill barrel 1 and an inner drill rod 2 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The lower ends of the drill barrel 1 and the inner drill rod 2 are respectively equipped with crushing teeth 6 and a drill bit 7. Therefore, under the rotational drive of the drilling drive equipment, drilling to a certain depth is performed through the crushing teeth 6 and the drill bit 7. A gap is left between the drill bit 7 and the drill barrel 1 to facilitate the passage of geological samples. An outer drill rod 3 is also installed inside the drill barrel 1. The outer drill rod 3 has a through hole in its middle, through which the inner drill rod 2 partially passes. At this point, there is no transmission relationship between the outer drill rod 3 and the inner drill rod 2; therefore, the rotation of the inner drill rod 2 will not drive the rotation of the outer drill rod 3. 3 is rotatably connected to the inside of the drill barrel 1 to fix its axial position; a drive structure is also provided between the inner drill rod 2 and the outer drill rod 3. The drive structure is used to brake the outer drill rod 3 and drive the outer drill rod 3 to rotate. In this way, after drilling to a certain depth through the drill bit 7 and the crushing tooth 6, the drive structure is controlled to drive the outer drill rod 3 to rotate, so that the sample at that depth can be transported upward through the auger fan blade 4; when the sampling at one depth is completed, the drive structure is controlled to stop driving the outer drill rod 3 to rotate, and the multi-depth sampling device is controlled to descend. The above steps are repeated to complete the sampling at the next depth.

[0023] In this embodiment, as a specific implementation of driving the rotation of the outer drill rod 3, the component includes a sleeve 10 and a telescopic member 16. The sleeve 10 is slidably sleeved on the inner drill rod 2 and located above the outer drill rod 3. The telescopic member 16 is located inside the drill barrel 1 and is used to drive the sleeve 10 to move axially along the inner drill rod 2. The upper ends of the sleeve 10 and the outer drill rod 3 are both equipped with meshing teeth. In this solution, the sleeve 10 and the inner drill rod 2 can rotate synchronously and slide axially along the inner drill rod 2. Therefore, under the drive of the telescopic member 16, the sleeve 10 can be driven to slide downward, so that the upper teeth 12 on the sleeve 10 and the lower teeth 11 at the upper end of the outer drill rod 3 gradually mesh, thereby driving the outer drill rod 3 to rotate synchronously.

[0024] In this embodiment, as a specific implementation of synchronous rotation and axial sliding, the inner drill rod 2 has a groove 13 on its side along its axial direction, and the inner side of the sleeve 10 has a protrusion 14 that matches the groove 13.

[0025] In this embodiment, to facilitate the disengagement between the sleeve 10 and the outer drill rod 3, a return spring 15 is provided inside the slide groove 13. The two ends of the return spring 15 are respectively connected to the bottom of the slide groove 13 and the protrusion 14. The telescopic member 16 is located above the sleeve 10 and is an electric push rod. In this design, the telescopic member 16 is an electric micro push rod. The electric push rod is used to push the sleeve 10 downward and compress the return spring 15, so that the upper locking tooth 12 and the lower locking tooth 11 engage. When disengagement is required, the electric push rod retracts upward, and the sleeve 10 can return to its original position under the elastic force of the compressed spring.

[0026] In this embodiment, to facilitate the removal of samples from inside the drilling barrel 1, the side wall of the drilling barrel 1 has a discharge port 5 that runs through both the inside and outside, and the uppermost end of the auger fan blade 4 is higher than the discharge port 5.

[0027] In this embodiment, to improve drilling efficiency, the drill bit 7 is equipped with a number of uniformly arranged crushing protrusions 8; wherein multiple sets of crushing protrusions 8 are arranged in an array around the center of the drill bit 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, to enhance drilling effect and improve drilling efficiency, the upper end of the drill barrel 1 and the inner drill rod 2 are rotatably connected, and the upper end of the drill barrel 1 is circumferentially equipped with meshing teeth 17. In this design, the rotatable connection between the drill barrel 1 and the inner drill rod 2 can be achieved by setting a rotating shaft groove in the middle hole at the upper end of the drill barrel 1, with the inner drill rod 2 partially extending into the rotating shaft groove, or by setting a bearing in the middle hole at the upper end of the drill barrel 1, etc. The meshing teeth 17 on the upper end of the drill barrel 1 allow the drilling drive equipment to drive the drill barrel 1 and the inner drill rod 2 to rotate independently via shafts and teeth, respectively. That is, the drill barrel 1 and the inner drill rod 2 are connected via an intermediate shaft, and the rotating teeth and meshing teeth 17 mesh with each other, achieving a relatively independent rotation mode for the drill barrel 1 and the inner drill rod 2. The two complement each other, facilitating dual-break drilling and increasing drilling effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, as a specific implementation of the rotational connection of the outer drill rod 3, the upper end of the outer drill rod 3 is provided with a circumferential support plate 18, and the inner side of the drilling tube 1 is provided with a circumferential groove that is slidably connected to the circumferential support plate 18.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper protruding part of the inner drill rod 2 is connected to the drilling drive device via a coupling 9.

[0031] Example 2: This Example 2 further defines the method for sampling using a multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration, based on Example 1, and includes the following specific steps and principles: S1: Select drilling location; S2: Fixed drilling frame, assembling the multi-depth sampling device with the drilling frame; S3: Start drilling. Through coupling 9 and meshing teeth 17, the drilling drive device controls the inner drill rod 2 and the drilling barrel 1 to rotate independently for drilling, performing double crushing. The crushing drilling is carried out through the crushing teeth 6 and the drill bit 7, and the sample is squeezed into the drilling barrel 1. S4: After reaching the sampling depth, start the electric push rod to extend and press down the sleeve 10, so that the upper clasp 12 and the lower clasp 11 mesh, thereby driving the outer drill rod 3 to rotate synchronously. During this process, the sample in the drill tube 1 is transported to the high position in the drill tube 1 through the auger fan blade 4 and discharged when it is close to the discharge port 5 to complete the sampling of one depth. S5: After completing sampling at one depth, control the electric push rod to retract, the sleeve 10 is reset under the drive of the return spring 15 and disengages from the outer drill rod 3, stopping the rotation of the outer drill rod 3, and then continue to control the multi-depth sampling device to descend, repeating the above steps to complete the sampling at the next depth.

[0032] In the above scheme, by improving the conventional drill rod structure, the drill barrel 1 and the drill rod are set to move relatively independently without affecting each other, which facilitates double crushing drilling and increases the drilling effect; the drill rod is set as inner drill rod 2 and outer drill rod 3 respectively, and the movement state is controlled by a simple clutch structure, thereby realizing sampling and feeding as needed, which facilitates control and increases the efficiency of use.

[0033] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration, characterized in that, include: The drilling barrel (1) and the inner drill rod (2) are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The inner drill rod (2) is arranged along the axial direction of the drilling barrel (1). The upper end of the inner drill rod (2) extends out of the drilling barrel (1) and is connected to the drilling drive equipment. The lower end of the drilling barrel (1) is circumferentially equipped with crushing teeth (6). The lower end of the inner drill rod (2) is equipped with a drill bit (7) that partially extends out of the lower end of the drilling barrel (1). A gap is left between the drill bit (7) and the inner side of the drilling barrel (1). The outer drill rod (3) is rotatably connected to the drill barrel (1) and is coaxially arranged with the inner drill rod (2). The outer drill rod (3) has a through hole in the axial direction. The inner drill rod (2) partially passes through the through hole. The outer drill rod (3) is provided with an auger fan blade (4) on its outer side along its axial direction. The outer diameter of the auger fan blade (4) is matched with the inner diameter of the drill barrel (1). A drive structure for driving the outer drill rod (3) to rotate is provided between the inner drill rod (2) and the outer drill rod (3); The sampling device further includes a sleeve (10) and a telescopic component (16). The sleeve (10) is slidably sleeved on the inner drill rod (2) and located above the outer drill rod (3). The telescopic component (16) is located inside the drilling barrel (1) and is used to drive the sleeve (10) to move axially along the inner drill rod (2). The upper ends of the sleeve (10) and the outer drill rod (3) are both equipped with meshing teeth on their opposite surfaces. The inner drill rod (2) has a groove (13) along its axial direction on its side, and the inner side of the sleeve (10) has a protrusion (14) that matches the groove (13). The slide (13) contains a return spring (15), and the two ends of the return spring (15) are connected to the bottom of the slide (13) and the protrusion (14) respectively; the telescopic member (16) is located above the sleeve (10) and is an electric push rod; The upper end of the outer drill rod (3) is equipped with a circumferential support plate (18), and the inner side of the drill tube (1) is equipped with a circumferential groove that is slidably connected to the circumferential support plate (18).

2. The multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling tube (1) has an inlet (5) that runs through the inside and outside of the side wall, and the uppermost part of the auger fan blade (4) is higher than the inlet (5).

3. The multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit (7) has several uniformly arranged crushing protrusions (8).

4. A multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the drilling tube (1) is rotatably connected to the inner drill rod (2), and the upper end of the drilling tube (1) has meshing teeth (17) in the circumferential direction.

5. A multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the inner drill rod (2) is connected to the drilling drive device via a coupling (9).

6. A sampling method for a multi-depth sampling device for geological exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select drilling location; S2: Fixed drilling frame, assembling the multi-depth sampling device with the drilling frame; S3: Start drilling, and crush drilling is carried out through the crushing teeth (6) and the drill bit (7), and the sample is squeezed into the drilling tube (1); S4: After reaching the sampling depth, the control drive structure drives the outer drill rod (3) to rotate and is conveyed upward through the auger fan blades (4); S5: After completing the sampling at one depth, control the drive structure to stop driving the external drill rod (3) to rotate, continue to control the multi-depth sampling device to descend, repeat the above steps, and complete the sampling at the next depth.

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