A pneumatic conveying system for soybean harvesters

Abstract

The application discloses a soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system, and relates to the technical field of grain conveying, which comprises an air inlet pipeline, a conveying air duct, an output pipeline, a material dropping device, a fan, a fan rotating speed sensor, a grain flow sensor, a gas flow rate sensor and an industrial computer. The air inlet pipeline, the conveying air duct and the output pipeline are sequentially communicated. The material dropping device is communicated with the conveying air duct through a grain dropping port of the conveying air duct. The fan is used for outputting high-pressure gas into the air inlet pipeline. The fan rotating speed sensor is connected with the fan, and is used for collecting the rotating speed of the fan. The grain flow sensor is used for collecting the soybean flow entering the conveying air duct. The gas flow rate sensor is used for collecting the wind speed at the outlet side of the output pipeline. The industrial computer is connected with the fan, the fan rotating speed sensor, the grain flow sensor and the gas flow rate sensor respectively, and is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan based on the soybean flow and the wind speed. The application reduces the breakage rate in the soybean harvesting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain conveying technology, and in particular to a pneumatic conveying system for a soybean harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Grain conveying is a crucial operational step in the mechanized grain harvesting process. Currently, most grain harvesters employ screw conveyors for grain conveying, primarily used in horizontal grain conveying, horizontal waste conveying, and grain lifting operations. These generally include two structural forms: horizontal screw conveyors and vertical screw conveyors. Compared to other conveying methods, screw conveyors offer advantages such as simple structure, small cross-sectional area, high conveying efficiency, and large conveying capacity. However, screw conveyors cause severe compression and grinding of grains, leading to breakage of fragile crops during transport. Soybeans are a typical example of a fragile crop, and screw conveyors have a particularly significant impact on soybean breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatic conveying system for soybean harvesters, which reduces the breakage rate during the soybean harvesting process.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] A pneumatic conveying system for a soybean harvester includes: an air inlet pipe, a conveying duct, an output pipe, a material discharge device, a blower, a blower speed sensor, a grain flow sensor, a gas velocity sensor, and an industrial control computer; the air inlet pipe, the conveying duct, and the output pipe are connected in sequence; the material discharge device is connected to the conveying duct through the grain discharge port of the conveying duct;

[0006] The fan is installed on the inlet side of the air intake pipe, and the fan is used to output high-pressure gas into the air intake pipe; the fan speed sensor is connected to the fan, and the fan speed sensor is used to collect the fan speed.

[0007] The grain flow sensor is installed at the grain inlet of the conveying duct, and the grain flow sensor is used to collect the flow rate of soybeans entering the conveying duct.

[0008] The gas flow rate sensor is installed on the outlet side of the output pipe, and the gas flow rate sensor is used to collect the wind speed on the outlet side of the output pipe.

[0009] The industrial control computer is connected to the fan, the fan speed sensor, the grain flow sensor, and the gas flow rate sensor, respectively. The industrial control computer is used to adjust the fan speed based on the soybean flow rate and the wind speed.

[0010] Optionally, the conveying air duct includes: a grain drop inlet and an air inlet pipe, an air duct and a grain outlet pipe connected in sequence;

[0011] The air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet pipeline, and the grain outlet pipe is connected to the output pipeline.

[0012] Optionally, the air inlet pipe and the grain outlet pipe have the same cross-sectional area;

[0013] From the first air outlet of the air duct to the second air outlet, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases; from the third air outlet to the fourth air outlet 16, the cross-sectional area gradually increases; the cross-sectional area of ​​the second air outlet is smaller than that of the third air outlet.

[0014] The first air vent coincides with the air outlet of the air inlet pipe, and the fourth air vent 16 coincides with the grain inlet of the grain outlet pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the angle between the tangent of the second air vent and the first sidewall of the grain discharge port is 35°; the angle between the tangent of the third air vent and the second sidewall of the grain discharge port is 45°.

[0016] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​both the air inlet of the air inlet pipe and the grain outlet of the grain outlet pipe is 100 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the material feeding device is a frustum structure.

[0018] Optionally, the inlet of the feeding device is larger than the outlet area of ​​the feeding device.

[0019] Optionally, the angle between the third sidewall of the feeding device and the horizontal plane is 35°, and the angle between the fourth sidewall of the feeding device and the horizontal plane is 45°; both the angle between the third sidewall and the horizontal plane and the angle between the fourth sidewall and the horizontal plane are greater than the angle of accumulation of soybean seeds.

[0020] Optionally, the length of the upper base of the third sidewall is 600mm, the length of the lower base of the third sidewall is 300mm, the length of the upper base of the fourth sidewall is 220mm, the length of the lower base of the fourth sidewall is 100mm, and the height of both the third and fourth sidewalls is 105mm.

[0021] Optionally, the system further includes: a motor;

[0022] The industrial control computer is connected to the fan via the motor;

[0023] The industrial control computer controls the motor to adjust the speed of the fan.

[0024] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] This invention discloses a pneumatic conveying system for a soybean harvester, comprising: an air inlet pipe, a conveying duct, an output pipe, a material discharge device, a blower, a blower speed sensor, a grain flow sensor, a gas velocity sensor, and an industrial control computer; the air inlet pipe, the conveying duct, and the output pipe are connected sequentially; the material discharge device is connected to the conveying duct through a grain discharge port; the blower is located at the inlet side of the air inlet pipe and is used to output high-pressure gas into the air inlet pipe; the blower speed sensor is connected to the blower and is used to collect the blower speed; the grain flow sensor is located at the grain discharge port of the conveying duct and is used to collect the soybean flow rate entering the conveying duct; the gas velocity sensor is located at the outlet side of the output pipe and is used to collect the wind speed at the outlet side of the output pipe; the industrial control computer is connected to the blower, the blower speed sensor, the grain flow sensor, and the gas velocity sensor respectively, and is used to adjust the blower speed based on the soybean flow rate and the wind speed. This invention utilizes a fan to achieve a pneumatic conveying scheme for soybean grains in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, the fan speed is adjusted in real time according to different soybean flow rates and wind speeds, thereby reducing the breakage rate during the machine harvesting of soybeans. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic conveying system for a soybean harvester provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor air duct structure;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the air conveyor duct.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third side wall of the feeding device;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth side wall of the feeding device;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material feeding device;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a motor speed control strategy.

[0034] Symbol explanation:

[0035] Air inlet pipe—1, conveying air duct—2, output pipe—3, material discharge device—4, blower—5, blower speed sensor—6, grain flow sensor—7, gas flow rate sensor—8, grain discharge port—9, air inlet pipe—10, air duct—11, grain discharge pipe—12, first air outlet—13, second air outlet—14, third air outlet—15, fourth air outlet—16, first side wall—17, second side wall—18, third side wall—19, fourth side wall—20, motor—21. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pneumatic conveying system for soybean harvesters, which aims to reduce the breakage rate during the soybean harvesting process.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the pneumatic conveying system of the soybean harvester in this embodiment includes: an air inlet pipe 1, a conveying air duct 2, an output pipe 3, a material discharge device 4, a blower 5, a blower speed sensor 6, a grain flow sensor 7, a gas flow rate sensor 8, and an industrial control computer; the air inlet pipe 1, the conveying air duct 2, and the output pipe 3 are connected in sequence; the material discharge device 4 is connected to the conveying air duct 2 through the grain discharge port 9 of the conveying air duct 2.

[0040] The fan 5 is installed on the inlet side of the air intake pipe 1. The fan 5 is used to output high-pressure gas into the air intake pipe 1. The fan speed sensor 6 is connected to the fan 5. The fan speed sensor 6 is used to collect the speed of the fan 5.

[0041] The grain flow sensor 7 is installed at the grain inlet 9 of the conveying duct 2. The grain flow sensor 7 is used to collect the flow rate of soybeans entering the conveying duct 2.

[0042] The gas flow rate sensor 8 is installed on the outlet side of the output pipe 3. The gas flow rate sensor 8 is used to collect the wind speed at the outlet side of the output pipe 3.

[0043] The industrial control computer is connected to the fan 5, the fan speed sensor 6, the grain flow sensor 7, and the gas flow rate sensor 8, respectively. The industrial control computer is used to adjust the speed of the fan 5 based on the soybean flow rate and the wind speed.

[0044] As an optional implementation method, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, the conveying air duct 2 includes: a grain drop inlet 9 and an air inlet pipe 10, an air duct 11, and a grain outlet pipe 12 connected in sequence.

[0045] The air inlet pipe 10 is connected to the air inlet pipe 1, and the grain outlet pipe 12 is connected to the output pipe 3.

[0046] Specifically, the dimensions of the upper plate of the grain inlet 9 match the dimensions of the lower opening of the air duct 11. Considering the metal wall thickness, the dimensions of the upper plate of the grain inlet 9 are designed to be 304mm and 104mm respectively. The side plate design angle is larger than the angle of accumulation of soybean grains while reducing airflow backflow and ensuring smooth airflow. The left and right sides are respectively... For 35°, The angle is 45°. The air duct 11 adopts a "tighten first, then expand" structural design, and the turning points are all designed with arc transitions.

[0047] As an optional implementation, the air inlet pipe 10 and the grain outlet pipe 12 have the same cross-sectional area.

[0048] From the first air vent 13 to the second air vent 14 of the air duct 11, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases; from the third air vent 15 to the fourth air vent 16 of the air duct 11, the cross-sectional area gradually increases; the cross-sectional area of ​​the second air vent 14 is smaller than that of the third air vent 15.

[0049] The first air inlet 13 coincides with the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 10, and the fourth air inlet 16 coincides with the grain inlet of the grain outlet pipe 12.

[0050] Specifically, the diameters of the air inlet pipe 10 and the grain outlet pipe 12 All are 100mm.

[0051] As an optional implementation, the angle between the tangent of the second air vent 14 and the first side wall 17 of the grain discharge port 9 is 35°; the angle between the tangent of the third air vent 15 and the second side wall 18 of the grain discharge port 9 is 45°.

[0052] As an optional implementation, the cross-sectional area of ​​both the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 10 and the grain outlet of the grain outlet pipe 12 is 100 mm.

[0053] As an optional implementation method, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, the material feeding device 4 is a truncated pyramid structure.

[0054] As an optional implementation, the inlet of the feeding device 4 is larger than the outlet area of ​​the feeding device 4.

[0055] As an optional implementation, the angle between the third sidewall 19 of the feeding device 4 and the horizontal plane is 35°, and the angle between the fourth sidewall 20 of the feeding device 4 and the horizontal plane is 45°; the angles between the third sidewall 19 and the horizontal plane and the fourth sidewall 20 and the horizontal plane are both greater than the angle of accumulation of soybean seeds.

[0056] Specifically, after threshing and cleaning, soybean seeds gather above the feeding device 4. Some soybean seeds fall directly into the conveying air duct 2 after cleaning, while others slide down the side wall of the feeding device 4 into the conveying air duct 2.

[0057] Specifically, the angles between the third sidewall 19 and the horizontal plane, and between the fourth sidewall 20 and the horizontal plane, are both greater than the soybean grain accumulation angle, which ensures that the soybean grains can always actively slide down under the action of gravity after entering the feeding device 4.

[0058] In fact, the angles between the side walls of the feeding device 4 and the horizontal plane are not strictly limited to a specific value, as long as the following formula is satisfied:

[0059] .

[0060] .

[0061] .

[0062] in, Angle of accumulation for soybean seeds; The length of the upper base of the third sidewall 19; The length of the upper base of the fourth sidewall 20; The height of the third sidewall 19 and the fourth sidewall 20; The length of the lower base of the fourth sidewall 20; The length of the lower base of the third sidewall 19; The angle between the fourth sidewall 20 and the horizontal plane; It is the angle between the third sidewall 19 and the horizontal plane.

[0063] As an optional implementation, the length of the upper bottom of the third sidewall 19 is 600mm, the length of the lower bottom of the third sidewall 19 is 300mm, the length of the upper bottom of the fourth sidewall 20 is 220mm, the length of the lower bottom of the fourth sidewall 20 is 100mm, and the height of both the third sidewall 19 and the fourth sidewall 20 is 105mm.

[0064] Specifically, based on soybean grain property tests and EDEM simulation experiments, the soybean grain stacking angle is approximately 23.8°. Taking into account the length and width dimensions of the soybean harvester's threshing and cleaning chamber, the structural dimensions of the grain dropping device are determined as follows: the length of the upper bottom of the third sidewall 19 is 600mm, the length of the lower bottom of the third sidewall 19 is 300mm, the length of the upper bottom of the fourth sidewall 20 is 220mm, the length of the lower bottom of the fourth sidewall 20 is 100mm, and the height of both the third sidewall 19 and the fourth sidewall 20 is 105mm.

[0065] Specifically, after threshing and cleaning, soybean seeds fall from the top of the feeding device 4 into the conveying duct 2. The high-pressure gas generated by the blower 5 flows along the air inlet pipe 1, the conveying duct 2 and the output pipe 3. As the soybean seeds fall into the conveying duct 2, they move along the conveying duct 2 and the output pipe 3 under the action of the continuously input high-pressure airflow, and are then transported to the grain bin through the output pipe 3.

[0066] As an optional implementation, the system also includes a motor 21.

[0067] The industrial control computer is connected to the fan 5 via motor 21.

[0068] The industrial control computer adjusts the speed of the fan 5 by controlling the motor 21.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the process of adjusting the fan speed specifically includes:

[0070] (1) Construction of wind turbine speed calculation model:

[0071] The fan speed is based on the set requirement for soybean seed conveying speed. Soybean flow The system is adjusted in real time to adapt to changes, and the upper limit of the suitable pneumatic conveying speed for soybean grains is determined through numerous bench tests. Lower limit ,when At that time, soybean seeds can be transported smoothly, and the impact force with the air duct is less than the pressure-bearing capacity of the soybean seeds, preventing damage to the soybean seeds during pneumatic conveying. Among these factors, , This is an empirical coefficient. This represents the suspension velocity of soybean grains. The soybean flow rate is measured by a grain flow sensor. and They are linearly correlated, that is , The measured empirical coefficient is the air velocity at the fan outlet (i.e., the air velocity in the inlet pipe). for: ,in, The airflow attenuation coefficient, This represents the attenuation coefficient of the initial velocity component of soybean seeds. Experiments determined a non-linear relationship between the air outlet velocity and the fan speed. Specifically, by adjusting the fan motor speed to the values ​​shown in Table 1, the measured air outlet velocity was maintained within the range given on the left. The adjustment strategy is shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Motor Speed ​​Adjustment Strategy Table

[0073]

[0074] (2) Fan speed control:

[0075] The fan speed is based on the set requirement for soybean seed conveying speed. Soybean flow The system adjusts in real time to accommodate changes; before operation, the required soybean grain conveying speed is manually set. The industrial control computer is based on the manual settings. The grain flow sensor provides feedback on the detection results to calculate the required flow velocity at the fan outlet during actual operation. and based on Determine the corresponding fan motor speed At this time, the corresponding serial number is The fan drive motor is adjusted to the corresponding speed value. Then, the gas flow velocity sensor measures the airflow velocity at the end of the output pipe. ,like Adjust the motor speed to The corresponding value was measured again. Make a judgment and adjust the motor speed until it meets the requirements; if Adjust the motor speed to The corresponding value was measured again. Make a judgment and adjust the motor speed until it meets the requirements.

[0076] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0077] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the system and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic conveying system for a soybean harvester, comprising: The system comprises: an air inlet pipe, a conveying air duct, an output pipe, a material dropping device, a fan, a fan rotating speed sensor, a grain flow sensor, a gas flow rate sensor, and an industrial computer; the air inlet pipe, the conveying air duct, and the output pipe are sequentially connected; the material dropping device is connected with the conveying air duct through a grain dropping port of the conveying air duct; the fan is arranged at an inlet side of the air inlet pipe, and is configured to output high-pressure gas into the air inlet pipe; the fan rotating speed sensor is connected with the fan, and is configured to collect the rotating speed of the fan; the grain flow sensor is arranged at the grain dropping port of the conveying air duct, and is configured to collect the flow rate of soybeans entering the conveying air duct; the gas flow rate sensor is arranged at an outlet side of the output pipe, and is configured to collect the wind speed at the outlet side of the output pipe; the industrial computer is connected with the fan, the fan rotating speed sensor, the grain flow sensor, and the gas flow rate sensor, respectively, and is configured to adjust the rotating speed of the fan based on the flow rate of soybeans and the wind speed.

2. The soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system of claim 1, wherein, The conveying air duct comprises a grain dropping port and an air inlet pipe, an air duct, and an air outlet pipe which are sequentially connected. The air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is connected with the output pipe.

3. The soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system of claim 2, wherein, The cross-sectional area of the air inlet pipe is the same as that of the air outlet pipe. From a first air port of the air duct to a second air port of the air duct, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases; from a third air port of the air duct to a fourth air port of the air duct, the cross-sectional area gradually increases; the cross-sectional area of the second air port is smaller than that of the third air port. The first air port coincides with an air outlet of the air inlet pipe, and the fourth air port coincides with a grain inlet of the air outlet pipe.

4. The soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system of claim 3, wherein, The tangent line of the second air port and a first side wall of the grain dropping port form an angle of 35°, and the tangent line of the third air port and a second side wall of the grain dropping port form an angle of 45°.

5. The soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system of claim 2, wherein, The cross-sectional area of the air inlet of the air inlet pipe and the cross-sectional area of the grain outlet of the air outlet pipe are both 100 mm.

6. The soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system of claim 1, wherein, The material dropping device has a quadrangular frustum structure.

7. The pneumatic conveying system of claim 6, wherein, The cross-sectional area of the grain inlet of the material dropping device is larger than that of the grain outlet of the material dropping device.

8. The pneumatic conveying system of claim 6, wherein, The third side wall of the material dropping device forms an angle of 35° with a horizontal plane, and the fourth side wall of the material dropping device forms an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane; the angles of the third side wall and the fourth side wall with the horizontal plane are both larger than the angle of a soybean seed accumulation.

9. The pneumatic conveying system of claim 8, wherein, The length of the upper base of the third side wall is 600 mm, the length of the lower base of the third side wall is 300 mm, the length of the upper base of the fourth side wall is 220 mm, the length of the lower base of the fourth side wall is 100 mm, and the height of the third side wall and the fourth side wall is 105 mm.

10. The soybean harvester pneumatic conveying system of claim 1, wherein, The system further comprises a motor. The industrial computer is connected with the fan through the motor. The industrial computer adjusts the rotating speed of the fan by controlling the motor.

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