Fire-lacquer and creased glaze ceramic and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ceramics and their preparation processes, specifically to a type of glazed ceramic with fire-marked and wrinkled patterns and its preparation method. During drying after glazing, a turntable is rotated at a uniform speed while an electrically controlled nozzle is continuously ignited to dry the glaze on the surface of the ceramic body, resulting in a uniform decrease in the glaze's moisture content and an increase in viscosity. Then, the electrically controlled nozzle is intermittently activated, with two adjacent nozzles spraying hot air to create a flow of heat. This causes the glaze to accumulate at the interface of the hot air flow, forming wrinkles. Simultaneously, the hot air flow creates wavy patterns on the glaze surface. The nozzles in the firing zone are arranged alternately with long-flame and short-flame gas nozzles to further deepen the wrinkles and wavy patterns on the glaze surface. After firing, the glaze has an antique yellow base color, with wrinkles and wavy patterns distributed on it, and locally exhibiting a glowing fire-mark kiln film, possessing a unique artistic aesthetic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramics and their preparation processes, specifically to fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramics and their preparation methods. Background Technology

[0002] Kiln-transformed glazes are formed when various coloring elements within the kiln undergo oxidation or reduction, resulting in unexpected glaze colors on porcelain after it exits the kiln. Because traditional kilns are fired using wood, temperature and atmosphere cannot be precisely controlled, and the appearance of kiln-transformed glazes is not subject to human intervention. Different types and chemical compositions of clay bodies result in different properties. The clay body can influence the kiln transformation of Jun porcelain, primarily reflected in the glaze's color, crazing, and high-temperature fluidity. The iron and titanium content in the clay body affects the vibrancy and depth of the Jun glaze's hue, while the silicon and aluminum content significantly impacts crazing, and the amount of alkaline components affects the glaze's fluidity. Traditional kiln-transformed glazes are mostly smooth, lacking surface texture variations; therefore, this case study arises from this. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems by fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramics and their preparation methods.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramic, comprising a body and a glaze, wherein the raw materials of the glaze, by weight, include the following components: 20-22 parts calcite, 10-12 parts spodumene, 14-16 parts black gold stone, 10-12 parts mica, 20-22 parts amethyst, 5-8 parts quartz, 3-5 parts barium carbonate, 2-3 parts Suzhou clay, and 2-3 parts dolomite.

[0005] Preferably, the glaze surface has wrinkles and wavy patterns, and locally has burn marks.

[0006] Preferably, the raw materials of the blank body, by weight, include the following components: 35-40 parts clay, 15-20 parts potassium feldspar, 8-12 parts limestone, 5-6 parts quartz, 2-3 parts zinc oxide, and 5-6 parts barium carbonate.

[0007] The method for preparing the fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramics includes the following steps:

[0008] Step a: Prepare the green body;

[0009] Step b: Apply glaze to the blank;

[0010] Step c: Place the glazed body on a drying device for drying;

[0011] Step d: The blanks are fired in a kiln to produce ceramic products.

[0012] Preferably, in step b, the full glazing of the blank includes the following steps: clamping the blank with a clamp and immersing it in glaze twice. In the first glazing, the glaze only soaks the outer wall of the blank, and the outer wall is then heated. In the second glazing, the glaze soaks both the inner and outer walls of the blank. Then, the excess glaze inside the blank is poured out with the opening facing downwards while the blank is shaken. Finally, the glaze on the inner and outer walls of the blank is heated.

[0013] Preferably, in step b, the fixture has two clamps, each clamp has two clamping points, and the clamps clamp the side wall of the blank for glazing.

[0014] Preferably, in step c, the firing support is placed on the drying equipment, the glazed body is placed on the firing support using a clamp, the clamping points of the body are touched up with glaze using a brush dipped in glaze, and the glaze on the body is dried and the surface texture is shaped using the drying equipment.

[0015] Preferably, in step c, the drying equipment includes a turntable and multiple electrically controlled nozzles located around the turntable. The distance between the electrically controlled nozzles and the turntable is adjustable. When drying the glazed body: first, the turntable is rotated at a constant speed of 5-10 revolutions per minute, and the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles and the outer wall of the glazed body is adjusted to 15-20 cm, for 15-20 minutes; then, the electrically controlled nozzles are turned on intermittently, and the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles and the outer wall of the glazed body is adjusted to 10-12 cm. After each time the electrically controlled nozzles are turned on for 3-5 minutes, the turntable rotates at a certain angle and stops, and this is repeated 5-8 times.

[0016] Preferably, in step c, the firing support includes a base body and three support pins disposed on the base body. The three support pins are distributed at equal angles around the center of the base body, and the support pins are inclined outward from the center of the base body. The ends of the support pins are supported on the inner side of the foot ring of the blank. The raw materials of the firing support, by weight, include the following components: 25-30 parts of high-alumina clay, 3-5 parts of silica sand, 10-12 parts of potassium feldspar, 5-8 parts of talc, and 8-12 parts of black mud.

[0017] Preferably, in step d, the glaze is fired in a tunnel kiln, which includes a preheating zone, a firing zone, and a cooling zone connected in sequence. The sidewall of the firing zone is provided with long-flame gas nozzles and short-flame gas nozzles arranged alternately along the track direction. The long-flame gas nozzles are single-hole, direct-flow combustion air nozzles, and the short-flame gas nozzles are multi-hole, swirling combustion air nozzles. During glaze firing, the short-flame gas nozzles are opened intermittently, opening for 10 seconds and then stopping for 5 seconds.

[0018] As described above, the fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramics and their preparation method provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects: During drying, the glaze on the surface of the blank is dried by first rotating the turntable at a uniform speed while the electrically controlled nozzle is continuously ignited. At this time, the flame is far from the surface of the blank, and the turntable drives the blank to rotate slowly and uniformly, so that the moisture content of the glaze decreases evenly and the viscosity increases. Then, the electrically controlled nozzle is intermittently turned on. At this time, the flame is closer to the surface of the blank, and the two adjacent nozzles spray to form a hot airflow, which drives the glaze to accumulate at the interface of the hot airflow, forming wrinkles. At the same time, wavy patterns are generated on the glaze surface during the hot airflow. The wrinkles and wavy patterns on the glaze surface form the uneven texture of the glaze surface after firing. The nozzles in the firing zone adopt... The alternating arrangement of long-flame and short-flame gas nozzles, with the short-flame nozzles opening intermittently, creates uneven flames and airflow within the firing zone. This results in variations in the airflow's fluidity, ensuring the glaze remains in a flowing state during firing. The liquid phase flow of the glaze creates ripples, and changes in the hot airflow cause further flow marks on the glaze surface, deepening the wrinkles and ripples. The intermittently opening short-flame gas nozzles exacerbate the instability of the hot airflow, causing subtle vibrations and further intensifying the ripples on the glaze surface. After firing, the glaze has an antique yellow base color with wrinkles and ripples, and locally, glossy kiln film marks, creating a unique artistic aesthetic. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drying process for the fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramics of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] As shown in the figure, the fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramic of this invention includes a body and a glaze. The raw materials of the glaze, by weight, include the following components: 20-22 parts calcite, 10-12 parts spodumene, 14-16 parts black gold stone, 10-12 parts mica, 20-22 parts amethyst, 5-8 parts quartz, 3-5 parts barium carbonate, 2-3 parts Suzhou clay, and 2-3 parts dolomite. After firing, the glaze presents an antique-style glaze with yellowish-brown and yellowish-green hues, on which fine, shaving-like spots are distributed, resembling tea dust.

[0024] The glaze surface features wrinkles and wavy patterns, with some areas showing burn marks. These wrinkles, wavy patterns, and burn marks enrich the glaze effect, giving it a textured surface and a colorful, glossy finish.

[0025] The raw materials for the blank, by weight, include the following components: 35-40 parts clay, 15-20 parts potassium feldspar, 8-12 parts limestone, 5-6 parts quartz, 2-3 parts zinc oxide, and 5-6 parts barium carbonate.

[0026] The preparation method of fire-marked and wrinkled glazed ceramics includes the following steps:

[0027] Step a: Prepare the green body;

[0028] Step b: Apply glaze to the blank;

[0029] Step c: Place the glazed body on a drying device for drying;

[0030] Step d: The blanks are fired in a kiln to produce ceramic products.

[0031] Step b involves fully glazing the clay body, specifically including the following steps: The clay body is clamped in clamp 1 and dipped in glaze twice. In the first dip, the glaze only soaks the outer wall of the clay body, and the outer wall is then heated. In the second dip, the glaze soaks both the inner and outer walls of the clay body simultaneously. Then, excess glaze is poured out of the clay body with the opening facing downwards, while the clay body is shaken. Finally, the glaze on both the inner and outer walls of the clay body is heated. This double glazing ensures a uniform glaze surface and eliminates air bubbles from the first glaze application. The second glazing results in a thicker outer glaze layer, leading to a fuller finish after firing, and also ensures the glaze fully covers the interior of the clay body. Heating involves placing the clay body over a flame to pre-dry the glaze surface. When heating the interior of the clay body, the opening is turned downwards to allow the flame to penetrate and pre-dry the glaze inside.

[0032] As shown in the figure, in step b, the fixture 1 has two chucks 11, each with two clamping points. After the chucks 11 clamp the side wall of the blank, glazing is performed. Viewed from the side, the straight lines connecting the clamping points on the two chucks 11 intersect each other, allowing the chucks 11 to firmly clamp the side wall of the blank. The ends of the clamping points are semi-circular rubber tips, which can accommodate blanks of a certain size and curvature, and increase friction.

[0033] In step c, the firing support 2 is placed on the drying equipment. The glazed body is placed on the firing support 2 using the clamp 1. After releasing the clamp, the clamped areas of the body are touched up with glaze using a brush dipped in glaze. The glaze on the body is then dried and the surface texture is shaped using the drying equipment. After glazing, the body is directly transferred to the firing support 2 on the drying equipment using the clamp 1 to avoid repeatedly clamping the body, which would result in too many clamping marks on the glaze surface.

[0034] In step c, the drying equipment includes a turntable 31 and multiple electrically controlled nozzles 32 located around the turntable 31. The distance between the electrically controlled nozzles 32 and the turntable 31 is adjustable. When drying the glazed body: first, the turntable 31 is rotated at a constant speed of 5-10 revolutions per minute, and the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles 32 and the outer wall of the glazed body is adjusted to 15-20 cm, and this is continued for 15-20 minutes; then, the electrically controlled nozzles 32 are turned on intermittently, and the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles 32 and the outer wall of the glazed body is adjusted to 10-12 cm. After each time the electrically controlled nozzles 32 are turned on for 3-5 minutes, the turntable 31 rotates at a certain angle and stops, and this is repeated 5-8 times. The electrically controlled nozzle 32 is a gas nozzle, ignited electrically. The average visible length of the flame produced by the electrically controlled nozzle 32 is 6-8 cm. First, the glaze on the surface of the blank is dried by rotating the turntable 31 at a constant speed while the electrically controlled nozzle 32 is continuously turned on. At this time, the flame is far from the surface of the blank, and the turntable 31 drives the blank to rotate slowly and evenly, so that the moisture content of the glaze decreases evenly and the viscosity increases. Then, the electrically controlled nozzle 32 is turned on intermittently. At this time, the flame is closer to the surface of the blank. The hot air jets from two adjacent nozzles form a hot airflow, which causes the glaze to accumulate at the interface of the hot airflow, forming wrinkles. At the same time, waves are generated on the glaze surface during the hot air jet. The glaze's texture, including wrinkles and wavy lines, forms an uneven surface after firing. Each time the electronically controlled nozzle 32 is turned on for 3-5 minutes, the turntable 31 rotates 30-90 degrees, spraying flames intermittently at close range from multiple angles. This results in multiple raised wrinkles on the glaze surface. The position and orientation of the wrinkles are related to the arrangement of the electronically controlled nozzle 32. For example, when the electronically controlled nozzle 32 is distributed at equal angles and at the same height, the resulting wrinkles extend roughly longitudinally, becoming more pronounced closer to the nozzle and shallower towards the bottle mouth and bottom. When the electronically controlled nozzle 32 is not distributed at equal angles and at different heights, the resulting wrinkles extend diagonally.

[0035] In step c, the firing support 2 includes a base and three support pins 21 mounted on the base. The three support pins 21 are distributed at equal angles around the center of the base, and the support pins 21 are inclined upwards and outwards from the center of the base. The ends of the support pins 21 support the inner side of the foot ring of the body. The inclined arrangement of the support pins 21 allows their ends to be as close to the foot ring as possible, reducing the support pin marks. The support position of the support pins 21 is hidden inside the foot ring. After the glazed body is dried, it is sent into the kiln together with the firing support 2 for glaze firing. After firing, the position of the support pin marks is relatively small. To ensure concealment and regularity, and in conjunction with the full glazing method, the glaze coverage is wide, and the overall glaze surface is more aesthetically pleasing. The raw materials of the firing support 2, by weight, include the following components: 25-30 parts high-alumina clay, 3-5 parts silica sand, 10-12 parts potassium feldspar, 5-8 parts talc, and 8-12 parts black mud. The firing support 2 is made of high-alumina hard clay raw material, which has stronger fire resistance and physical strength, effectively reducing the high-temperature load and thus reducing the contact area between the support nail 21 and the body glaze, making the support nail marks more concealed.

[0036] In step d, glaze firing is carried out through a tunnel kiln, which includes a preheating zone, a firing zone, and a cooling zone connected in sequence. The temperature of the firing zone is 1100-1150 degrees Celsius. Long flame gas nozzles and short flame gas nozzles are arranged alternately along the track direction on the side wall of the firing zone. The long flame gas nozzles are single-hole, direct-flow combustion air nozzles, while the short flame gas nozzles are multi-hole, swirling combustion air nozzles. During glaze firing, the short flame gas nozzles are opened intermittently, opening for 10 seconds and stopping for 5 seconds. The faster and more uniformly the combustion gas mixes with air, the shorter the flame length becomes. Therefore, the flame of a single-hole, direct-flow combustion air nozzle is longer than that of a multi-hole, swirling combustion air nozzle. The nozzles in the firing zone are arranged alternately with long-flame and short-flame combustion gas nozzles, with the short-flame nozzles opening intermittently. This creates uneven flame and airflow within the firing zone, resulting in differences in the flow of hot air. Since the glaze remains in a flowing state during firing, the liquid phase flow of the glaze creates ripples, and changes in the hot airflow cause the glaze to flow. This process causes flow marks to form on the glaze surface, further deepening the wrinkles and wavy patterns. The intermittently opened short-flame gas nozzles exacerbate the instability of the hot airflow, causing subtle vibrations and further intensifying the wavy patterns on the glaze. As the flames from the long-flame gas nozzles sweep across the glaze surface, they cause localized high-temperature firing and kiln transformation. The varying degrees of crystallization in different areas result in colorful fire marks, which, under light, exhibit a multicolored kiln film distinct from the base glaze color, typically a mixture of blue, purple, and yellow. After firing, the base glaze is an antique yellow, with wrinkles and wavy patterns distributed on it, and localized areas displaying shimmering fire marks, creating a unique artistic aesthetic.

[0037] The above are merely some specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present invention using this concept shall be considered as infringing upon the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire-laced and textured glazed ceramic, characterized in that: The body and the glaze, raw materials of the glaze include the following components in parts by weight: calcite 20-22 parts, spodumene 10-12 parts, black gold 14-16 parts, mica 10-12 parts, purple stone 20-22 parts, quartz 5-8 parts, barium carbonate 3-5 parts, Suzhou soil 2-3 parts, dolomite 2-3 parts; The preparation method of the fire mark and wrinkle pattern glaze ceramic comprises the following steps: Step a, preparing the body; Step b, applying glaze on the body; Step c, placing the body with glaze on the drying equipment for drying; Step d, putting the body into the kiln for firing to obtain the ceramic product; In the step c, the support firing seat is placed on the drying equipment, the body with glaze is placed on the support firing seat by the clamp, the clamp points of the body are supplemented with glaze by the brush dipped in glaze water, and the glaze on the body is dried and the surface pattern is formed by the drying equipment. In the step c, the drying equipment comprises a rotating disc and a plurality of electrically controlled nozzles arranged around the rotating disc, the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles and the rotating disc is adjustable, and when the glazed body is dried, the rotating disc is rotated at a speed of 5-10 revolutions per minute, the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles and the outer wall of the glazed body is adjusted to 15-20 cm, and the adjustment is maintained for 15-20 minutes; then the electrically controlled nozzles are intermittently opened, the distance between the electrically controlled nozzles and the outer wall of the glazed body is adjusted to 10-12 cm, the electrically controlled nozzles are opened for 3-5 minutes each time, the rotating disc is rotated by a certain angle and then stopped, and the above steps are repeated for 5-8 times. In the step c, the support firing seat comprises a seat body and three support pins arranged on the seat body, the three support pins are distributed at equal angles around the center of the seat body and are inclined outward from the center of the seat body, the ends of the support pins support the inner side of the ring foot of the body, and the raw materials of the support firing seat include the following components in parts by weight: high-alumina clay 25-30 parts, silica sand 3-5 parts, potassium feldspar 10-12 parts, talc 5-8 parts, and black clay 8-12 parts. In the step d, the glaze firing is performed by a tunnel kiln, the tunnel kiln comprises a preheating zone, a firing zone and a cooling zone connected in sequence, the side wall of the firing zone is provided with long-flame gas nozzles and short-flame gas nozzles arranged alternately along the track direction, the long-flame gas nozzles are single-hole combustion air straight-flow type nozzles, the short-flame gas nozzles are multi-hole combustion air cyclone type nozzles, and the short-flame gas nozzles are intermittently opened during glaze firing, and are opened for 10 seconds and then stopped for 5 seconds each time.

2. The flame and ripple glazed ceramic of claim 1, wherein: The glaze surface is distributed with wrinkle patterns and wave patterns, and the glaze surface is locally distributed with fire marks.

3. The flame and ripple glazed ceramic of claim 1, wherein: The raw materials of the body include the following components in parts by weight: clay 35-40 parts, potassium feldspar 15-20 parts, limestone 8-12 parts, quartz 5-6 parts, zinc oxide 2-3 parts, and barium carbonate 5-6 parts.

4. Process for the production of a flame and wrinkle mark enamelled ceramic according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: In the step b, the body is fully glazed, specifically including the following steps: the body is clamped by a clamp for twice glazing, in the first glazing, the glaze water only soaks the outer wall of the body, and the outer wall is fired after soaking, in the second glazing, the glaze water soaks the inner and outer walls of the body, then the excess glaze water in the body is poured out with the opening downward, the body is shaken while pouring the glaze water, and finally the glaze on the inner and outer walls of the body is fired.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: In step b, the clamp is provided with two clamping heads, each of which is provided with two clamping points, and the clamp clamps the side wall of the blank after glazing.

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