A fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and specifically relates to a fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali soil, which comprises a fertilizer core prepared from a solid substrate obtained by separating a fermentation broth, and a microbial agent prepared from a liquid phase; the microbial agent is wrapped around the fertilizer core by cyclodextrin; the fermentation broth is obtained by fermenting probiotics in a culture medium. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali soil of the present invention can rapidly and slowly reduce soil acidification and salinization, and increase the effective cultivated land area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali soil. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali soil is an important land resource. Most of the saline-alkali soil in China is distributed in arid, semi-arid and semi-humid regions. These regions are located in the fragile zone of China's natural ecological environment, where both unfavorable and favorable agricultural production conditions coexist. Moreover, the problems of soil acidification and salinization in China are becoming increasingly serious, which have a great impact on agricultural production and the ecological environment. Acidified and salinized soil is not conducive to farming, and the actual effective cultivated area is decreasing day by day. The soil improvement measures in China can generally be divided into four aspects: water conservancy measures, chemical measures, physical measures and biological measures. Using fertilizers for bioremediation has little impact on the environment and will not cause secondary pollution or the transfer of pollutants. However, the existing fertilizer products are slow in improving soil pH and reducing salt content, have a long cycle, high cost, inconvenient application, and the soil cannot be quickly put into cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention mainly provides a fertilizer that can adjust the soil acidity and alkalinity and quickly create a low-saline-alkali soil environment for plants. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali soil, comprising a fertilizer core prepared from a solid substrate obtained by separating a fermentation broth, and a bacterial agent prepared from a liquid phase; the bacterial agent is wrapped outside the fertilizer core by cyclodextrin; the fermentation broth is obtained by fermenting probiotics in a culture medium.

[0005] Further, the bacterial agent comprises amino acids and a liquid phase obtained by separating the fermentation broth; the probiotics include Bacillus and halophilic bacteria.

[0006] Further, the amino acids include one or more of glutamic acid, leucine, and arginine; the Bacillus includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus velezensis; the halophilic bacterium is Halomonas elongata.

[0007] Further, the culture medium comprises, by mass, 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of corn steep liquor, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 5-10 parts of protein powder, 1-2 parts of potassium humate, 0.5-1 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5-1 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.01-0.05 part of aminosulfonic acid, 500-1000 parts of water, and 0.5-1% of sodium chloride by weight of water.

[0008] Further, the bacterial agent comprises amino acids and a liquid phase obtained by separating the fermentation broth in a mass ratio of 1:5-8; the inoculation amount of probiotics in the culture medium is 2-10%.

[0009] The method for fermenting probiotics with a culture medium comprises the following steps:

[0010] a. Respectively take the Bacillus and halophilic bacteria strains, and activate them separately to obtain the activated fermentation broth of Bacillus and the activated fermentation broth of halophilic bacteria;

[0011] b. Weigh the raw materials required for the culture medium according to the formula and mix them evenly. Sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container. Under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container, inoculate the activated fermentation broth of halophilic bacteria into the fermentation container and mix it with the culture medium, and perform aerobic fermentation at 25-30°C and 160-200 rpm;

[0012] c. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Bacillus into the fermentation tank in step b at an inoculation amount greater than that of the activated fermentation broth of halophilic bacteria in step b, and perform aerobic fermentation at 25-35°C and 160-200 rpm for 12-24 h to obtain the fermentation broth.

[0013] Further, the steps of strain activation in step a include: taking the preserved probiotic strain, after melting, inoculating it into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2%, and culturing it on a shaker at 37°C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeating the above operation with the activated strain at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtaining an activated fermentation broth with a viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL.

[0014] Further, the time for aerobic fermentation in step b is 4-8 h.

[0015] Further, the preparation of the fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores;

[0017] (2) Mix the liquid phase with amino acids to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin to obtain a mixed solution;

[0018] (3) Keep the temperature at 30-45°C, and spray the mixed solution on the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) in a mist form to obtain wet granules; dry the obtained wet granules at 35-45°C for 8-12 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0019] Further, the particle size of the fertilizer cores in step (1) is D90 = 2-3 mm.

[0020] Adopting the above scheme, the method of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The probiotics cultivated by the present invention can rapidly reproduce and swim in environments with strong acids, strong alkalis, and high salts. Due to their aerobic characteristics, they tend to accumulate near plants, forming a local comfortable microenvironment at the roots of crops, thereby improving the saline-alkali soil at the roots of crops and enhancing the comfort of the crop growth environment.

[0022] 2. When Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus velezensis of the present invention grow and reproduce, they can adjust the pH value of the soil, making acidic soil or alkaline soil tend to be neutral, making the soil more suitable for plant growth. And the ability to adjust the soil acidity and alkalinity is stronger when the three strains of Bacillus are jointly applied to the soil.

[0023] 3. Halomonas elongata of the present invention is a halophilic bacterium that requires the participation of salt during growth. After entering the soil, it can reduce the salinity of the soil, making the soil more suitable for plant growth.

[0024] 4. There is no antagonistic effect among Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis, and halophilic bacteria of the present invention, and the growth rate during mixed culture is little affected. After being applied to the soil, the ability to adjust the pH value and reduce salinity is not affected either.

[0025] 5. During fermentation of the present invention, the halophilic bacteria are first grown and fermented in a high-salt culture medium. While enabling the halophilic bacteria to grow rapidly in a more suitable environment, the salinity of the culture medium is reduced, making the culture medium gradually suitable for the growth of Bacillus.

[0026] 6. By adjusting the salinity of the culture medium with halophilic bacteria of the present invention, when the salinity drops to a level more suitable for the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus velezensis, the growth and reproduction rate of the halophilic bacteria slows down. At this time, Bacillus is added for mixed culture, making the number of each strain of bacteria in the final fermentation broth relatively uniform, ensuring the balance of the acid and alkali reduction and salinity reduction effects of the fertilizer.

[0027] 7. The present invention wraps the fermentation broth containing bacteria outside the fertilizer. After the fertilizer is applied to the soil, the bacteria can quickly colonize in the soil, resist other antagonistic bacteria, improve the subsequent rapid reproduction of a large number of bacteria inside the fertilizer, and accelerate the improvement of the soil environment.

[0028] 8. The fertilizer core of the present invention contains a large number of bacteria, which form a certain slow-release effect under the action of clay, continuously supplement the bacteria, and extend the action time. The fertilizer core cooperates with the externally wrapped microbial agent to protect the bacteria inside the fertilizer core, and while producing a slow-release effect, it also ensures a rapid effect on the soil. Detailed implementation method

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] (1) Take Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata strains respectively. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and culture them in a shaker at 37°C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL.

[0032] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride based on the weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth into the fermentation container at 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and perform aerobic fermentation at 30°C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0033] (3) Inoculate each Bacillus activation fermentation broth into the fermentation tank in step (2) at 3% and perform aerobic fermentation at 35°C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain the fermentation broth;

[0034] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain the solid substrate and the liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain the microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to make it saturated to obtain the mixed solution;

[0035] (5) Keep the temperature at 35°C, spray the mixed solution on the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) in a foggy manner to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40°C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed out to obtain the fertilizer.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and culture them on a shaker at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable cell counts greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0038] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 1% of sodium chloride by weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0039] (3) Inoculate each Bacillus activation fermentation broth into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3% and carry out aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain fermentation broth;

[0040] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain solid substrate and liquid phase; carry out drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin to obtain a mixed solution;

[0041] (5) Keep the temperature at 35 °C, spray the mixed solution on the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) in a foggy manner to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40 °C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed out to obtain the fertilizer.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and culture them on a shaker at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable cell counts greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0044] (2) Weigh 15 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride by weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 1% and mix it with the culture medium, and perform aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0045] (3) Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of each Bacillus into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 2%, and perform aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0046] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain a fertilizer core with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin to obtain a mixed solution;

[0047] (5) Keep the temperature at 35 °C, spray the mixed solution onto the surface of the fertilizer core obtained in step (1) in a mist form to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40 °C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and perform shaking culture at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation at an inoculation amount of 2% for the activated strains to continue activation, and obtain the activated fermentation broth of Bacillus with a viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL and the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata;

[0050] (2) Weigh 15 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride by weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 4% and mix it with the culture medium, and perform aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0051] (3) Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of each Bacillus into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 5%, and perform aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0052] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin, obtaining a mixed solution;

[0053] (5) Maintain the temperature at 35°C, spray the mixed solution in a mist form onto the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) to obtain wet granules; dry the obtained wet granules at 40°C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis, and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and perform shaking culture at 37°C and 200 r / min on a shaker for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, obtaining a Bacillus activation fermentation broth with a viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL and an activation fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata;

[0056] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of aminosulfonic acid, 800 parts of water, and 0.5% of sodium chloride by weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container, inoculate the activation fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and place it under aerobic fermentation at 30°C and 180 rpm for 4 h;

[0057] (3) Inoculate each Bacillus activation fermentation broth into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3% and perform aerobic fermentation at 35°C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0058] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin, obtaining a mixed solution;

[0059] (5) Maintain the temperature at 35°C, spray the mixed solution in a mist form onto the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) to obtain wet granules; dry the obtained wet granules at 40°C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and culture them on a shaker at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable cell count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0062] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride by weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container. Under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container, inoculate the Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth into the fermentation container at 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 8 h;

[0063] (3) Inoculate each Bacillus activation fermentation broth into the fermentation tank in step (2) at 3% and carry out aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain the fermentation broth;

[0064] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain the solid substrate and the liquid phase; carry out drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain the microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to make it saturated to obtain the mixed liquid;

[0065] (5) Keep the temperature at 35 °C, spray the mixed liquid on the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) in a mist form to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40 °C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed liquid is sprayed out, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and culture them on a shaker at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable cell count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0068] (2) Weigh 15 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride based on the weight of water by mass, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and then carry out aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0069] (3) Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of each Bacillus species into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3% and carry out aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 12 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0070] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; carry out drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain a fertilizer core with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to make it saturated to obtain a mixed solution;

[0071] (5) Keep the temperature at 35 °C, spray the mixed solution onto the surface of the fertilizer core obtained in step (1) in a mist form to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40 °C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0072] Example 8

[0073] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and carry out activation by shaking culture at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h; repeat the above operation for the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain the activated fermentation broth of Bacillus species and the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata with a viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0074] (2) Weigh 15 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride based on the weight of water by mass, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and then carry out aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0075] (3) Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of each Bacillus species into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3% and carry out aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 24 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0076] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a bacterial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the bacterial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin to obtain a mixed solution;

[0077] (5) Keep the temperature at 35°C, spray the mixed solution atomically onto the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40°C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0078] Example 9

[0079] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and shake and culture at 37°C and 200 r / min on a shaker for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain a Bacillus activated fermentation broth and a Halomonas elongata activated fermentation broth with viable cell counts greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0080] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of aminosulfonic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride by weight of water, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container, inoculate the Halomonas elongata activated fermentation broth into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and perform aerobic fermentation at 30°C and 180 rpm for 6 h;

[0081] (3) Inoculate each Bacillus activated fermentation broth into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3% and perform aerobic fermentation at 35°C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0082] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase at a mass ratio of 1:8 to obtain a bacterial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the bacterial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin to obtain a mixed solution;

[0083] (5) Keep the temperature at 35°C, spray the mixed solution atomically onto the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40°C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and cultivate them on a shaker at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable counts greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0086] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, and 800 parts of water by mass, mix them evenly, sterilize the medium and the fermentation container. Under aseptic operation, place the medium in the fermentation container, and inoculate each Bacillus activation fermentation broth into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3%, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain the fermentation broth;

[0087] (3) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain the solid substrate and the liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase according to a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain the microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to saturate the cyclodextrin to obtain the mixed solution;

[0088] (4) Keep the temperature at 35 °C, spray the mixed solution on the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) in a mist form to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40 °C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed out to obtain the fertilizer.

[0089] Comparative Example 2

[0090] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and cultivate them on a shaker at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain Bacillus activation fermentation broth and Halomonas elongata activation fermentation broth with viable counts greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL;

[0091] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride based on the weight of water by mass fraction, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and then carry out aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm for 6 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0092] (3) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; carry out drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain fertilizer cores with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm; mix amino acids and the liquid phase according to a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a microbial agent, and add cyclodextrin to the microbial agent to make cyclodextrin saturated to obtain a mixed solution;

[0093] (4) Keep the temperature at 35 °C, and spray the mixed solution on the surface of the fertilizer cores obtained in step (1) in a foggy manner to obtain wet particles; dry the obtained wet particles at 40 °C for 10 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed out to obtain the fertilizer.

[0094] Preparation and testing of the example samples:

[0095] Comparative Example 3

[0096] (1) Respectively take the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus velezensis and Halomonas elongata. After melting, inoculate them into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% respectively, and carry out shaking culture at 37 °C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeat the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtain the activated fermentation broth of bacillus with a viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL and the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata;

[0097] (2) Weigh 15 parts of clay, 8 parts of corn steep liquor, 2 parts of citric acid, 8 parts of protein powder, 1 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.03 part of sulfamic acid, 800 parts of water and 0.5% of sodium chloride based on the weight of water by mass fraction, mix them evenly, sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container, and under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Halomonas elongata into the fermentation container at an inoculation amount of 2% and mix it with the culture medium, and then carry out aerobic fermentation at 30 °C and 180 rpm;

[0098] (3) Inoculate each activated fermentation broth of bacillus into the fermentation tank in step (2) at an inoculation amount of 3% and carry out aerobic fermentation at 35 °C and 180 rpm for 18 h to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0099] (4) Separate the fermentation broth to obtain a solid substrate and a liquid phase; perform drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain a fertilizer with a particle size of D90 = 2 - 3 mm.

[0100] Performance tests of the examples and comparative examples:

[0101] Determine the viable count in the fermentation broth of each example and comparative example. Take 3 samples for each example and comparative example, and take the average value.

[0102] Sample <![CDATA[Viable cell count (10 8 mL -1 )]]> Example 1 1.52 Example 2 1.67 Example 3 1.38 Example 4 1.81 Example 5 1.47 Example 6 1.53 Example 7 1.35 Example 8 1.83 Example 9 1.48 Comparative Example 1 1.56 Comparative Example 2 1.47 Comparative Example 3 1.50

[0103] The content of sodium chloride in the culture medium of Example 2 is higher than that of Example 1, and more viable bacteria are produced. This may be because a higher salt content is more conducive to the growth and reproduction of Halomonas elongata, which is a halophilic bacterium, while a slightly increased salt amount has less impact on the growth of each Bacillus strain with better salt tolerance. In Example 3, less activated fermentation broth was inoculated during fermentation in the culture medium, and the viable count decreased, while the viable count of Example 4 with a higher inoculation amount increased significantly. Example 6 with a longer fermentation time of halophilic bacteria has a tendency of increasing viable count compared to Example 5 with a shorter fermentation time. This may be because a longer fermentation time of halophilic bacteria results in less salt in the culture medium, which is more suitable for the growth of Bacillus. However, the change in viable count between Example 5 and Example 6 compared to Example 1 is not obvious. The fermentation time of all probiotics mixed in Example 8 is longer than that in Example 7, and the viable count increases significantly. In Example 9 and Comparative Example 3, the fermentation conditions of the probiotics were not changed, and there was no obvious change in the viable count of the fermentation broth. Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 1, neither sodium chloride nor halophilic bacteria were added for fermentation, and although the viable count increased slightly, the change was not obvious. In Comparative Example 2, fermentation was carried out without adding Bacillus, and the change in viable count was also not obvious, indicating that there is no obvious growth inhibition between Halomonas elongata and the other Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus velezensis.

[0104] Take planting soil with a salt content of 0.5%, and adjust the pH to 5 and 9 with NaOH and HCl. Taking no fertilization as a control example, apply the fertilizers of each example and comparative example at a dosage level of 1125 kg / hm 2 respectively. Make 3 replicates for each sample and take the average value; plant 30 spring wheat plants in each sample at the same depth and planting method, adjust the environmental temperature according to the growth characteristics of spring wheat, and regularly change the position of the pots to make them evenly receive natural light. After the wheat matures, record the growth status of the wheat in each sample, calculate the theoretical yield, and measure the pH value of the soil at a distance of 5 cm from the plant at the 10th day and 90th day for each sample. Measure each sample 3 times and take the average value.

[0105] The results are as follows:

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Each embodiment has produced an obvious effect of removing acid and reducing alkalinity on the soil, and the soil at the end of the planting period tends to be neutral, which is more suitable for wheat growth. Compared with Embodiment 1, more salts in the culture medium of Embodiment 2 have led to more halophilic bacteria in the fertilizer. The effect of improving the soil pH is close to that of Embodiment 1, but the theoretical yield has increased. More halophilic bacteria have produced a better desalination effect, resulting in an increase in wheat yield. Embodiment 3 inoculated less activated fermentation broth, Embodiment 4 had a higher inoculation amount and more viable bacteria. Compared with Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4 showed a better effect of regulating the pH value. The soil tended to be neutral, and the theoretical yield of wheat also increased significantly, indicating that the soil was more suitable for wheat growth at this time. The fermentation time of halophilic bacteria in Embodiment 6 was longer than that in Embodiment 5. The theoretical yields of the two embodiments increased, but the pH regulation effect was not as good as that of Embodiment 1. It may be that in Embodiment 5 with a shorter fermentation time of halophilic bacteria, the consumption of sodium chloride in the culture medium was not as good as that in Embodiment 6. During mixed cultivation, halophilic bacteria grew better in the culture medium. After a longer fermentation time of halophilic bacteria, the base number of halophilic bacteria in the culture medium was larger, and the living space for the remaining bacilli was smaller, also resulting in fewer bacilli and a decrease in the ability to regulate the pH value. The mixed fermentation time of Embodiment 8 was longer than that of Embodiment 7. The pH value of the soil decreased rapidly, and the wheat yield also increased significantly. There were no halophilic bacteria in the fertilizer of Comparative Example 1, and the wheat yield rate decreased sharply, which also had a negative impact on the ability to regulate the soil acidity and alkalinity. There were no bacilli added to the fertilizer of Comparative Example 2, and the change in soil acidity and alkalinity was small. Although the wheat yield rate increased compared with the non-fertilized control example, it decreased significantly compared with Embodiment 1. Combining Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the acid-base reduction of bacilli and the desalination effect of halophilic bacteria in the fertilizer of the present invention synergistically interact with each other and need to enter the soil simultaneously to produce the optimal soil improvement effect.

[0109] Embodiment 9 had less amino acid content, the change in soil pH value in 10 days was smaller, the theoretical yield of wheat decreased, and it was found during actual operation that the wheat in Embodiment 9 was not as plump as that in Embodiment 1. It may be that less amino acids are not conducive to the survival of external bacteria, affecting the speed of soil improvement by the fertilizer, and thus affecting the growth of wheat. The initial pH value of Comparative Example 3 without wrapping the bacterial agent outside the fertilizer core hardly changed, and the theoretical yield also decreased significantly. The soil improvement speed also affected the growth speed of wheat.

[0110] For those skilled in the art, according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, various corresponding changes and deformations can be made, and all these changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land, characterized in that, It includes a fertilizer core prepared from the solid substrate obtained by separating the fermentation broth, and a bacterial agent prepared from the liquid phase; the bacterial agent is wrapped around the fertilizer core by cyclodextrin; the fermentation broth is obtained by fermenting probiotics in a culture medium. The bacterial agent includes amino acids and the liquid phase obtained by separating the fermentation broth; the probiotics include Bacillus and halophilic bacteria. The method for fermenting probiotics in a culture medium includes the following steps: a. Respectively take the strains of Bacillus and halophilic bacteria, and activate them respectively to obtain the activated fermentation broth of Bacillus and the activated fermentation broth of halophilic bacteria. b. Weigh the raw materials required for the culture medium according to the formula and mix them evenly. Sterilize the culture medium and the fermentation container. Under aseptic operation, place the culture medium in the fermentation container, inoculate the activated fermentation broth of halophilic bacteria into the fermentation container and mix it with the culture medium, and carry out aerobic fermentation under the conditions of 25-30°C and 160-200 rpm. c. Inoculate the activated fermentation broth of Bacillus into the fermentation tank in step b at an inoculation amount greater than that of the activated fermentation broth of halophilic bacteria in step b, and carry out aerobic fermentation at 25-35°C and 160-200 rpm for 12-24 h to obtain the fermentation broth.

2. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amino acids include one or more of glutamic acid, leucine, and arginine; the Bacillus includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus velezensis; the halophilic bacteria is Halomonas elongata.

3. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, wherein The culture medium includes 10-20 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of corn steep liquor, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 5-10 parts of protein powder, 1-2 parts of potassium humate, 0.5-1 part of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5-1 part of monoammonium phosphate, 0.01-0.05 part of aminosulfonic acid, 500-1000 parts of water, and 0.5-1% of sodium chloride based on the weight of water by mass.

4. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, wherein The bacterial agent includes amino acids and the liquid phase obtained by separating the fermentation broth with a mass ratio of 1:5-8; the inoculation amount of probiotics in the culture medium is 2-10%.

5. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, wherein The activation step described in step a includes: taking the preserved probiotic strains, inoculating them into the LB liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 2% after melting, and culturing them in a shaker at 37°C and 200 r / min for 18 h for activation; repeating the above operation with the activated strains at an inoculation amount of 2% to continue activation, and obtaining an activated fermentation broth with a viable count greater than 2×10 8 cfu / mL.

6. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time for the aerobic fermentation in step b is 4-8 h.

7. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of the fertilizer includes the following steps: (1) Separate the solid substrate and the liquid phase from the fermentation broth; carry out drum granulation on the solid phase to obtain a fertilizer core. (2) Mix the liquid phase with amino acids to obtain a bacterial agent, add cyclodextrin to the bacterial agent to make it saturated to obtain a mixed solution. (3) Keep the temperature at 30-45°C, spray the mixed solution in a mist form on the surface of the fertilizer core obtained in step (1) to obtain wet granules; dry the obtained wet granules at 35-45°C for 8-12 h, and repeat the above steps until all the mixed solution is sprayed, then the fertilizer can be obtained.

8. The fertilizer for rapidly removing acid and reducing salt in saline-alkali land according to claim 7, characterized in that, The particle size of the fertilizer core in step (1) is D90 = 2-3 mm.

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