Submerged liquid cooling system, control method of liquid cooling system and data center

Abstract

The application provides an immersion liquid cooling system, a control method of the liquid cooling system and a data center. The system comprises: an immersion evaporation device connected to liquid refrigerant and used for immersionally carrying a to-be-cooled device to generate gaseous refrigerant when phase change heat exchange is performed on the to-be-cooled device; a main refrigerant loop connected to and cooling the gaseous refrigerant to form the liquid refrigerant and sequentially comprising a refrigerant pipeline of a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a liquid circulating pump and a refrigerant pipeline of a liquid sub-cooler; and an external cold source loop used for cooling the main refrigerant loop and comprising an external cold source pipeline of the condenser and an external cold source pipeline of the liquid sub-cooler connected to an external cold source in parallel; the external cold source pipeline of the liquid sub-cooler is provided with a parallel control valve used for controlling whether the external cold source pipeline is connected to the external cold source; and the sum of design heat exchange capacities of the condenser and the liquid sub-cooler is not greater than a design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source. The application can adapt to cooling requirements of project staged construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cooling technology, and in particular to an immersion liquid cooling system, a control method for the liquid cooling system, and a data center. Background Technology

[0002] Immersion liquid cooling, a typical direct-contact liquid cooling technology, operates by placing the heat-generating components directly into the coolant. During this process, the heat generated by the electronic components is rapidly and effectively transferred to the liquid. Subsequently, the heat is effectively carried away by the circulating flow of the liquid, achieving highly efficient heat dissipation. Because the heat-generating components are in direct contact with the coolant, this technology not only improves heat dissipation efficiency but also reduces operating noise. Therefore, immersion liquid cooling technology is widely used in cooling systems for equipment such as data centers and computer chassis.

[0003] In liquid cooling applications for equipment such as data centers, the overall equipment capacity and corresponding heat exchange requirements are typically determined before construction begins. In practice, taking a data center as an example, if a data center project is designed to house N server units with a corresponding heat exchange capacity of 100 NkW, the project owner may want to commercialize the project as soon as M (M < N, especially M < N / 2) server units are ready to generate a return on investment quickly. The problem is that, because the liquid cooling system is part of the project infrastructure, it cannot be built in phases like other equipment and must be completed all at once in the early stages of the project. Therefore, when the liquid cooling system and M server units are ready and the project owner wants to put it into operation ahead of schedule, the M server units will have to be cooled by the entire liquid cooling system, which was originally intended to cool N server units. This undoubtedly leads to a waste of the liquid cooling system's cooling capacity or a decrease in its cooling efficiency, especially when there is a significant difference between M and N. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an immersion liquid cooling system, a control method for the liquid cooling system, and a data center, which can better adapt to the needs of large-scale projects such as data centers being constructed in phases and put into commercial use in the early stages, while also being able to adequately cool the equipment to be cooled in the later stages.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an immersion liquid cooling system, including:

[0006] An immersion evaporator is connected to a liquid refrigerant and is used to submerge the equipment to be cooled in order to generate gaseous refrigerant when the equipment to be cooled undergoes phase change heat transfer.

[0007] A main refrigerant circuit, which connects to and cools the gaseous refrigerant to form the liquid refrigerant, and sequentially includes refrigerant piping for a condenser, a liquid receiver, a liquid circulation pump, and refrigerant piping for a liquid recooler; and,

[0008] An external cold source circuit is used to cool the main refrigerant circuit, and includes an external cold source pipeline for the condenser and an external cold source pipeline for the liquid recooler connected in parallel to each other and connected to an external cold source; the external cold source pipeline of the liquid recooler is provided with a parallel control valve for controlling whether the external cold source pipeline is connected to the external cold source.

[0009] The sum of the designed heat exchange capacity of the condenser and the liquid recooler shall not exceed the designed heat exchange capacity of the external cold source.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the design heat exchange of the condenser is equal to the design heat exchange of the liquid recooler, and the sum of the two matches the design heat exchange of the external cold source.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a first refrigerant branch is further included, which sequentially comprises a first gas-liquid separator, a gas storage tank, and a gas circulation pump, and has a two-way valve located in the first refrigerant branch; the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser, and the gas circulation pump is connected to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser, so that the first refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser back to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser for re-condensation.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a second refrigerant branch is further included, which sequentially includes a refrigerant line for a second gas-liquid separator and a gas recooler, and has a two-way valve located in the second refrigerant branch; the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant line outlet of the condenser, and the refrigerant line for the gas recooler is connected to the liquid storage tank, so that the second refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant line outlet of the condenser to be condensed again by the gas recooler;

[0013] The external cold source pipeline of the gas recooler is connected to the external cold source, and the design heat exchange of the condenser, the design heat exchange of the liquid recooler, and the design heat exchange of the gas recooler are matched with the design heat exchange of the external cold source.

[0014] In one possible implementation, it also includes: a third gas-liquid separator, a third refrigerant branch, a fourth refrigerant branch, a first two-way valve, a second two-way valve, and a three-way valve;

[0015] The third gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser, and its liquid outlet is connected to the liquid storage tank.

[0016] The third refrigerant branch sequentially includes a gas storage tank and a gas circulation pump. The gas storage tank is connected to the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator, and the gas circulation pump is connected to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser, so that the third refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser back to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser for re-condensation.

[0017] The fourth refrigerant branch sequentially includes a refrigerant pipeline for a gas recooler and a fourth gas-liquid separator; the refrigerant pipeline for the gas recooler is connected to the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator, the fourth gas-liquid separator is connected to the gas recooler and its gas outlet is connected to the gas storage tank, and its liquid outlet is connected to the liquid storage tank, so that the fourth refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigerant pipeline of the condenser to be condensed again by the gas recooler; wherein, the external cold source pipeline of the gas recooler is connected to the external cold source, and the sum of the design heat exchange of the condenser, the design heat exchange of the liquid recooler, and the design heat exchange of the gas recooler matches the design heat exchange of the external cold source;

[0018] The first two-way valve and the second two-way valve are respectively located in the third refrigerant branch and the fourth refrigerant branch, and the three ports of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser, the third gas-liquid separator and the liquid storage tank.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the design heat exchange of the condenser is equal to the design heat exchange of the liquid recooler, and the heat exchange of the gas recooler is less than the design heat exchange of the condenser and the liquid recooler.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a control method for a liquid cooling system, including:

[0021] The load rate is obtained, and the parallel control valve is opened when the load rate is greater than a preset load rate threshold; otherwise, the parallel control valve is closed.

[0022] One possible implementation also includes:

[0023] The liquid level of the storage tank is obtained, and the first refrigerant branch or the third refrigerant branch is opened when the liquid level is lower than a preset liquid level threshold; otherwise, the first refrigerant branch or the third refrigerant branch is closed.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: obtaining the return liquid temperature of the immersion evaporator, and controlling the second refrigerant branch or the fourth refrigerant branch to open when the return liquid temperature is higher than a preset return liquid temperature threshold, otherwise controlling the second refrigerant branch or the fourth refrigerant branch to close.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a data center including the liquid cooling system and at least one immersion server; the data center uses the immersion liquid cooling system as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect to dissipate heat from each immersion server.

[0026] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a control device for a liquid cooling system, comprising:

[0027] The acquisition module is used to obtain the load rate;

[0028] The control module is used to control the parallel control valve to open when the load rate is greater than a preset load rate threshold, and otherwise control the parallel control valve to close.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the acquisition module is further configured to acquire the liquid level height of the storage tank;

[0030] The control module is also used to control the first refrigerant branch or the third refrigerant branch to open when the liquid level is lower than a preset liquid level threshold, and otherwise control the first refrigerant branch or the third refrigerant branch to close.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the acquisition module is further configured to acquire the return liquid temperature of the submerged evaporator;

[0032] The control module is also used to control the second refrigerant branch or the fourth refrigerant branch to open when the return liquid temperature is higher than a preset return liquid temperature threshold, and otherwise control the second refrigerant branch or the fourth refrigerant branch to close.

[0033] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect above.

[0034] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0035] This application provides an immersion liquid cooling system, a control method for the liquid cooling system, and a data center. The system utilizes an immersion evaporator to carry the equipment to be cooled in an immersion manner, efficiently transferring heat and ensuring the stable operation of the equipment. The main refrigerant circuit consists of the refrigerant piping of the condenser, the liquid storage tank, the liquid circulation pump, and the refrigerant piping of the liquid recooler, responsible for cooling the gaseous refrigerant into liquid refrigerant for recycling. The introduction of the liquid recooler for further cooling of the refrigerant avoids insufficient cooling efficiency and prevents high-temperature return liquid refrigerant from entering the immersion evaporator and causing film boiling. Furthermore, the system employs parallel control valves to connect the external cold source piping of the condenser and the liquid recooler to an external cold source. This allows the system to adjust its cooling capacity according to actual conditions, adapting to the needs of large-scale projects such as data centers that are built in phases and put into commercial use early, while also ensuring sufficient cooling of the equipment in later stages, achieving more efficient and energy-saving cooling effects. The combined heat exchange capacity of the condenser and liquid recooler is strictly controlled within the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source to ensure the stability and safety of the cooling system during actual operation and to avoid system failure or damage caused by excessive heat exchange. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of a control method for a liquid cooling system according to another embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control device of the liquid cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0045] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0046] Unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more. The character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B. The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.

[0047] The terms used in this application are for describing embodiments only and are not intended to limit the claims. As used in the description of embodiments and claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Similarly, the term “and / or” as used herein means including one or more of the associated listed elements and all possible combinations thereof. Additionally, when used in this application, the terms “comprise” and its variations “comprises” and / or “comprising” refer to the presence of stated features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising an…” does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0048] In this application, each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments, and similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. For methods, products, etc., disclosed in the embodiments, if they correspond to the method section disclosed in the embodiments, then the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method section.

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an immersion evaporator, a main refrigerant circuit, and an external cold source circuit.

[0051] An immersion evaporator is connected to a liquid refrigerant and is used to submerge the equipment to be cooled in order to generate gaseous refrigerant during phase change heat transfer of the equipment.

[0052] The equipment to be cooled includes electronic devices or components such as data center servers and computer chassis. These devices generate a significant amount of heat during operation, and if this heat is not dissipated in a timely manner, it will severely impact their performance and stability.

[0053] In this embodiment, the submerged evaporator uses an immersion method to support the equipment to be cooled. Through contact heat conduction, the device can efficiently transfer heat. During the phase change heat transfer process, the liquid refrigerant effectively absorbs the heat generated by the equipment to be cooled and transforms into a gaseous state, ensuring that heat is transferred rapidly and evenly. Therefore, the submerged evaporator not only significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency but also effectively avoids localized overheating of the equipment, ensuring stable operation.

[0054] The main refrigerant circuit is connected to and cools gaseous refrigerant to form liquid refrigerant, and includes, in sequence, the refrigerant piping of condenser 1, liquid storage tank 2, liquid circulation pump 3, and liquid recooler 4.

[0055] An external cold source circuit is used to cool the main refrigerant circuit and includes an external cold source pipeline for the condenser 1 and an external cold source pipeline for the liquid recooler 4, which are connected in parallel to each other and connected to an external cold source. The external cold source pipeline of the liquid recooler 4 is provided with a parallel control valve 5 for controlling whether the external cold source pipeline is connected to an external cold source.

[0056] Both the condenser 1 and the liquid recooler 4 are indirect heat exchangers and each includes a refrigerant pipeline and an external cold source pipeline. The main function of the two pipelines is to allow the refrigerant to exchange heat with the external cold source as it flows through the refrigerant pipeline, causing the gaseous refrigerant to release heat and transform into a liquid state.

[0057] During system operation, the phase change process of the refrigerant follows this pattern: the refrigerant circulates in the main refrigerant loop, exchanges heat with the external cold source in the refrigerant lines of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4, causing the refrigerant to change from a gaseous phase to a liquid phase. This transformation ensures that the refrigerant can efficiently absorb heat from the equipment to be cooled when flowing through the submerged evaporator, causing the refrigerant to change from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase.

[0058] The main function of the liquid recooler 4 is to further cool the liquid refrigerant to ensure that it reaches the ideal low temperature state.

[0059] In this embodiment, the main task of the main refrigerant circuit is to introduce gaseous refrigerant into the system and, after a series of processes, convert it into liquid refrigerant, ensuring that it can efficiently absorb heat from the equipment to be cooled when flowing through the submerged evaporator. The main task of the external cold source circuit is to provide cooling capacity to the main refrigerant circuit, which includes the external cold source pipeline of the condenser 1 and the external cold source pipeline of the liquid recooler 4 connected in parallel to the external cold source.

[0060] The external cold source pipeline of the liquid recooler 4 is equipped with a parallel control valve 5. This design allows the system to flexibly adjust the connection of the external cold source according to actual conditions, such as the phased construction of the project or changes in the cooling demand of the equipment to be cooled.

[0061] Specifically, for phased project construction, if the project is not yet fully completed, the external cold source piping of condenser 1 can be used first to provide cooling capacity to the main refrigerant circuit. After the entire project is completed, the external cold source piping of liquid recooler 4 and condenser 1 can be adjusted through parallel control valve 5 to jointly provide cooling capacity to the main refrigerant circuit. The parallel control valve 5 avoids wasting the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system before the entire project is completed and ensures stable system operation. Figure 1 The example shown is a single submerged evaporator. In practice, the number of submerged evaporators may vary depending on the project's progress.

[0062] In response to changes in the cooling demand of the equipment to be cooled, when the cooling demand is low and condenser 1 can meet the cooling requirements, the parallel control valve 5 is closed. In this case, the liquid refrigerant flows directly to the liquid recooler 4 without heat exchange, thus maintaining an appropriate external cold source input and avoiding waste of the liquid cooling system's cooling capacity, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the liquid cooling system. Conversely, when the cooling demand of the equipment to be cooled increases and condenser 1 cannot meet the cooling requirements, the parallel control valve 5 is opened to increase the input of the external cold source. This ensures that the gaseous refrigerant can undergo a complete phase change and form a lower-temperature liquid refrigerant that flows back to the submerged evaporator, preventing film boiling of the high-temperature liquid refrigerant on the submerged evaporator side, which could damage the equipment to be cooled.

[0063] Additionally, it should be noted that in the actual implementation, the sum of the design heat exchange capacity of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4 does not exceed the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source. This design principle ensures that the system maintains a stable thermal balance during operation, avoiding system failure due to heat accumulation. At the same time, it facilitates system optimization and upgrades, enabling the system to maintain efficient and stable operation when facing different cooling demands.

[0064] Optionally, the external cold source can be air, water, or other low-temperature fluids. Through heat exchange with these external resources, the external cold source circuit can effectively remove heat from the main refrigerant circuit, thereby maintaining the stable operation of the system.

[0065] In the aforementioned phase change process of the refrigerant, the liquid storage tank 2 acts as a buffer and stabilizes the refrigerant flow, ensuring a stable supply of refrigerant in the system. The liquid circulation pump 3 is responsible for delivering the liquid refrigerant to the liquid recooler 4, further reducing its temperature. Finally, after passing through the refrigerant pipeline of the liquid recooler 4, the liquid refrigerant completes the cooling process, preparing for the next cycle.

[0066] In this embodiment, an immersion evaporator is used to support the equipment to be cooled in an immersion manner, efficiently transferring heat and ensuring the stable operation of the equipment. The refrigerant lines of the condenser, the liquid storage tank, the liquid circulation pump, and the refrigerant lines of the liquid recooler constitute the main refrigerant circuit, responsible for cooling the gaseous refrigerant into liquid refrigerant for recycling. The introduction of the liquid recooler for further cooling of the refrigerant avoids insufficient cooling efficiency and prevents gaseous refrigerant from entering the immersion evaporator and causing film boiling. Furthermore, the system employs parallel control valves to connect the external cold source lines of the condenser and the liquid recooler in parallel to an external cold source. This allows the system to adjust its cooling capacity according to actual conditions, adapting to the needs of large-scale projects such as data centers that are built in phases and put into commercial use early, while also ensuring sufficient cooling of the equipment in later stages, achieving a more efficient and energy-saving cooling effect. The combined heat exchange capacity of the condenser and liquid recooler is strictly controlled within the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source to ensure the stability and safety of the cooling system during actual operation and to avoid system failure or damage caused by excessive heat exchange.

[0067] In the aforementioned embodiments, under the design principle that the sum of the designed heat exchange capacity of the condenser 1 and the liquid recooler 4 is not greater than the designed heat exchange capacity of the external cold source, the number of condensers 1 and liquid recoolers 4, as well as the heat exchange principle between condensers 1 and liquid recoolers 4, are different.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the design heat exchange of condenser 1 is equal to the design heat exchange of liquid recooler 4, and the sum of the two matches the design heat exchange of the external cold source.

[0069] In this invention, the design heat exchange capacity of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4 is set to be equal to ensure that their heat handling capabilities are matched during the heat exchange process. When their heat exchange capacities are equal, overheating or undercooling of the refrigerant during circulation can be effectively avoided, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the refrigeration process. Furthermore, it should be noted that the matching of the design heat exchange capacity described in this embodiment of the invention does not simply mean that the theoretical heat exchange capacity of the heat exchangers are the same; the actual heat exchange capacity affected by heat exchange efficiency must also be taken into account.

[0070] In terms of system construction, setting the design heat exchange capacity of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4 to be equal helps simplify the system design and manufacturing process and improves the speed of system construction. Engineers can use this principle to more accurately calculate and select appropriate equipment specifications and parameters, thereby shortening the system commissioning and optimization time and reducing related costs.

[0071] In this embodiment, setting the design heat exchange capacity of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4 to be equal, and ensuring that their sum matches the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source, is an efficient and practical system design method. This design not only improves the efficiency and performance of the refrigeration system, but also simplifies the system design and manufacturing process and reduces operating costs.

[0072] In other possible implementations, according to the project construction plan, multiple liquid recoolers 4 are set up, and parallel control valves 5 are correspondingly configured on the external cold source pipeline of each liquid recooler 4. According to the specific cooling capacity requirements at different stages of project construction, it is possible to select one or more liquid recooler 4 external cold source pipelines connected in parallel with the external cold source pipeline of condenser 1 and then connected to an external cold source.

[0073] Alternatively, the design heat exchange capacity of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4 can be set to be equal, or the design heat exchange capacity of liquid recooler 4 can be adaptively determined according to the phased planning of the project construction.

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in another embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in Figure 1Based on the immersion liquid cooling system shown, it further includes: a first refrigerant branch, which sequentially includes a first gas-liquid separator 6, a gas storage tank 8, and a gas circulation pump 9, and has a two-way valve 7 located in the first refrigerant branch; the first gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser 1, and the gas circulation pump 9 is connected to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser 1, so that the first refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser 1 back to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser 1 for re-condensation.

[0075] Among them, compared to Figure 1 The immersion liquid cooling system shown uses a first refrigerant branch as a small-capacity return gas path, primarily addressing the limited condensing capacity of condenser 1. In actual operation, to accommodate phased construction of the project, the aforementioned embodiment divides the large-capacity condenser, originally intended for cooling the entire project, into two smaller heat exchangers: condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4. This may result in limited condensing capacity for condenser 1. Especially during the later stages of project construction, a large amount of gaseous refrigerant enters condenser 1, which is insufficient to condense it. While theoretically, the liquid recooler 4, located downstream of the main refrigerant circuit, can compensate for this lost heat exchange, the refrigerant lines of both are connected in series, unlike the parallel connection of their external cooling source lines. This means that some gaseous refrigerant may not be fully condensed due to the limited condensing capacity of condenser 1 and may directly enter the liquid storage tank 2. This not only leads to insufficient system liquid levels but may also cause cavitation in the liquid circulation pump 3. Therefore, the introduction of the first refrigerant branch avoids the problem of cavitation in the liquid circulation pump 3 caused by gaseous refrigerant, ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0076] In addition, the first refrigerant branch can make full use of the refrigerant's potential heat exchange capacity by collecting and driving the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant to undergo re-condensation. This not only improves the utilization rate of the gas but also increases the liquid storage in the system, thereby enhancing the system's heat exchange efficiency and further improving the performance of the immersion liquid cooling system.

[0077] In this embodiment, the introduction of the first refrigerant branch not only solves the problem of limited condensing capacity of condenser 1 due to the configuration of the heat exchangers of the main refrigerant circuit as condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4, which are relatively small heat exchangers, and prevents the risk of insufficient liquid storage in the system and cavitation of liquid circulation pump 3, but also makes full use of the potential heat exchange capacity of the refrigerant and improves the heat exchange efficiency of the system.

[0078] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in another embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 1Based on the immersion liquid cooling system shown, it further includes: a second refrigerant branch, which sequentially includes the refrigerant lines of the second gas-liquid separator 10 and the gas recooler 12, and has a two-way valve 11 located in the second refrigerant branch; the second gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to the refrigerant line outlet of the condenser 1, and the refrigerant line of the gas recooler 12 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2, so that the second refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant line outlet of the condenser 1 to be condensed again by the gas recooler 12;

[0079] The gas recooler 12 is connected to an external cold source via an external cold source pipeline. The design heat exchange of the condenser 1, the design heat exchange of the liquid recooler 4, and the design heat exchange of the gas recooler 12 are all matched to the design heat exchange of the external cold source.

[0080] In practical applications, as condenser 1 is used for many years, impurities or scale may be generated in its refrigerant pipeline, causing a decrease in the heat exchange efficiency of condenser 1. The gaseous refrigerant cannot be condensed into a lower-temperature liquid refrigerant after passing through condenser 1. Even if there is a downstream liquid recooler 4, the return liquid temperature will still rise after the system has been running for a long time.

[0081] Compared to Figure 1 The immersion liquid cooling system shown uses a second refrigerant branch as a small-capacity gas recooling path to address the issue of decreased heat exchange efficiency in condenser 1 after prolonged use. The gas recooler 12 shares an external cold source with condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4, and the amount of external cold source can be adjusted via a valve similar to a parallel control valve 5. This external cold source allows the gas recooler 12 to effectively reduce the return liquid temperature slightly after prolonged use when the return liquid temperature is high. Furthermore, the small-capacity recooler facilitates retrofitting of existing systems.

[0082] The design principle for heat exchange is as follows: the combined heat exchange capacity of condenser 1, liquid recooler 4, and gas recooler 12 is matched with the heat exchange capacity of the external cold source. This design principle ensures that the system maintains a stable thermal balance during operation, avoiding system failure due to heat accumulation.

[0083] In this embodiment, the introduction of the second refrigerant branch solves the problem of performance degradation of condenser 1 after long-term use, and enables fine-tuning of system heat exchange, thereby improving the overall performance of the system.

[0084] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an immersion liquid cooling system provided in another embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, in Figure 1 Based on the immersion liquid cooling system shown, it also includes: a third gas-liquid separator 13, a third refrigerant branch, a fourth refrigerant branch, a first two-way valve 14, a second two-way valve 15, and a three-way valve 17.

[0085] The third gas-liquid separator 13 is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser 1, and its liquid outlet is connected to the liquid storage tank 2.

[0086] The third refrigerant branch includes a gas storage tank 8 and a gas circulation pump 9 in sequence. The gas storage tank 8 is connected to the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator 13, and the gas circulation pump 9 is connected to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser 1, so that the third refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser 1 back to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser 1 for re-condensation.

[0087] The fourth refrigerant branch sequentially includes the refrigerant pipeline of the gas recooler 12 and the fourth gas-liquid separator 16; the refrigerant pipeline of the gas recooler 12 is connected to the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator 13, the fourth gas-liquid separator 16 is connected to the gas recooler 12 and its gas outlet is connected to the gas storage tank 8, and its liquid outlet is connected to the liquid storage tank 2, so that the second refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigerant pipeline of the condenser 1 to be condensed again by the gas recooler 12; wherein, the external cold source pipeline of the gas recooler 12 is connected to an external cold source, and the design heat exchange of the condenser 1, the design heat exchange of the liquid recooler 4, and the design heat exchange of the gas recooler 12 are matched with the design heat exchange of the external cold source;

[0088] The first two-way valve 14 and the second two-way valve 15 are respectively located in the third refrigerant branch and the fourth refrigerant branch. The three ports of the three-way valve 17 are respectively connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser 1, the third gas-liquid separator 13 and the liquid storage tank 2.

[0089] In summary, Figure 4 Compared to Figure 1 The immersion liquid cooling system shown has a third refrigerant branch added as a small-capacity return gas passage, and a fourth refrigerant branch added as a small-capacity gas recooling passage.

[0090] The third refrigerant branch is used to address the problem of insufficient liquid level in the system and potential cavitation in the liquid circulation pump 3 caused by gas entering the liquid storage tank 2 before it has fully condensed. Furthermore, this fully utilizes the refrigerant's potential heat exchange capacity, improves gas utilization and liquid level, and enhances the system's heat exchange efficiency. Understandably, the third refrigerant branch is related to... Figure 2 The first refrigerant branch in the immersion liquid cooling system shown has the same function.

[0091] The fourth refrigerant branch is used to address the issue of decreased heat exchange efficiency in condenser 1 after prolonged use. The gas recooler 12 shares an external cold source with condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4, and the amount of external cold source can be adjusted via a valve similar to parallel control valve 5. This external cold source allows the gas recooler 12 to effectively and slightly reduce the return liquid temperature when it is high after prolonged use. Furthermore, the small capacity of the recooler facilitates retrofitting of the existing system. Understandably, the fourth refrigerant branch... Figure 3 The second refrigerant branch in the immersion liquid cooling system shown has a basically the same function, but in addition, the fourth refrigerant branch in this embodiment has other functions.

[0092] Specifically Figure 2 The immersion liquid cooling system shown utilizes the first refrigerant branch to form a return gas passage. Although it does reduce the humidity of the gaseous refrigerant entering the condenser 1, making it easier to condense into liquid and thus increase the liquid volume in the storage tank 2, the condenser 1 is designed with limited heat exchange capacity. After circulating gaseous refrigerant with a certain temperature that has not been further heat-exchanged by the external cold source into the condenser 1, the heat exchange temperature difference between the refrigerant pipeline and the external cold source pipeline of the condenser 1 will decrease, thereby reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 1. As a result, although it can increase the liquid volume in the storage tank 2 and reduce cavitation on the liquid circulation pump 3, it may actually lead to an increase in the return liquid temperature.

[0093] To address this, a fourth refrigerant branch with a gas recooler 12 and a fourth gas-liquid separator 16 is introduced. The fourth gas-liquid separator 16 is connected to the gas storage tank 8 and the liquid storage tank 2. This not only functions as a second refrigerant branch to solve the problem of long-term use of the condenser 1, but also allows some or all of the gaseous refrigerant to be cooled by an external cold source via the gas recooler 12 before entering the gas storage tank 8. This reduces the decrease in the heat exchange temperature difference of the condenser 1 and avoids the problems of reduced heat exchange efficiency and increased terminal liquid return temperature caused by only introducing the first or third refrigerant branch into the condenser 1. Similarly, the gas recooler 12 and the fourth gas-liquid separator 16 themselves can increase the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 2, reduce cavitation, and lower the liquid return temperature.

[0094] It can be seen that, compared with setting only the first refrigerant branch or only the second refrigerant branch, the combination of the fourth refrigerant branch and the third refrigerant branch in this embodiment can achieve better results. In this case, the fourth refrigerant branch also has the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 1 compared with the second refrigerant branch.

[0095] In one possible implementation, the design heat exchange of condenser 1 is equal to the design heat exchange of liquid recooler 4, and the heat exchange of gas recooler 12 is less than the design heat exchange of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4.

[0096] Among them, the heat exchange capacity of the gas recooler 12 is less than the design heat exchange capacity of the condenser 1 and the liquid recooler 4, which can meet the fine-tuning requirements of the system heat exchange capacity and reduce the system construction cost.

[0097] In this embodiment, the introduction of the third refrigerant branch not only solves the problem of limited condensing capacity of condenser 1, preventing insufficient system liquid storage and the risk of cavitation in liquid circulation pump 3, but also fully utilizes the potential heat exchange capacity of the refrigerant, improving the system's heat exchange efficiency. The introduction of the fourth refrigerant branch solves the problem of performance degradation of condenser 1 after prolonged use and addresses the issue of low heat exchange efficiency of condenser 1 when only the third refrigerant branch is introduced, thereby reducing the return liquid temperature, enabling fine-tuning of the system's heat exchange capacity, and improving the overall system performance. The introduction of dual branches enhances the system's adaptability to various operating scenarios, thus improving the system's stable operation.

[0098] This application also provides a data center, which includes a liquid cooling system and at least one immersion server; the data center uses an immersion liquid cooling system as described in any of the above possible implementations to dissipate heat from each immersion server.

[0099] The above embodiments illustrate in detail the operating mechanisms of different liquid cooling systems. In the actual control phase, the liquid cooling system is comprehensively regulated based on the load rate of the submerged evaporator, the liquid level in the storage tank 2, and the return liquid temperature of the submerged evaporator. Optionally, the parallel control valve 5, the two-way valve, and the three-way valve 17 are electronic control valves, capable of responding to control commands from the control system.

[0100] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of a control method for a liquid cooling system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0101] S501, obtain load rate;

[0102] If the load rate is greater than the preset load rate threshold, proceed to step S502; otherwise, proceed to step S503.

[0103] S502, controls the opening of parallel control valve 5;

[0104] S503, controls the parallel control valve 5 to close.

[0105] The load rate is the ratio of the heat dissipation of the equipment to be cooled on the submerged evaporator side to the total designed heat exchange capacity of the cooling liquid system. The total designed heat exchange capacity of the cooling liquid system is the sum of the designed heat exchange capacities of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4.

[0106] In this embodiment, the execution entity of the control method for the liquid cooling system is a cloud server or a controller with a physical structure. The above is an illustrative description; the execution entity can also be other types of control devices.

[0107] During implementation, the number of devices to be cooled will vary depending on the different stages of project construction, resulting in different load rates for the liquid cooling system. After project completion, the number of devices to be started will also vary, leading to different load rates for the liquid cooling system. Furthermore, even with varying numbers of devices started, the heat dissipation may differ depending on the operating environment, further affecting the load rate of the liquid cooling system.

[0108] In this embodiment, the load rate is obtained. When the load rate is less than or equal to a preset load rate threshold, the parallel control valve 5 is closed to avoid wasting the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system, improve the cooling efficiency of the liquid cooling system, and adapt to the needs of phased construction and early commercialization. When the load rate is greater than the preset load rate threshold, the parallel control valve 5 is opened to avoid insufficient cooling efficiency, thereby preventing gaseous refrigerant from entering the submerged evaporator and causing film boiling, and improving the system's operational stability.

[0109] One possible implementation also includes:

[0110] The liquid level of the storage tank 2 is obtained, and the first or third refrigerant branch is opened when the liquid level is lower than the preset liquid level threshold; otherwise, the first or third refrigerant branch is closed.

[0111] When the liquid level in storage tank 2 is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that the gaseous refrigerant has not condensed sufficiently. If the gaseous refrigerant enters the liquid circulation pump 3, it will cause cavitation in the liquid circulation pump 3. Figure 2 In the immersion liquid cooling system shown, the first refrigerant branch is opened. Figure 3 In the immersion liquid cooling system shown, the third refrigerant branch is opened to collect and drive the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant pipeline outlet of condenser 1 back to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of condenser 1 for re-condensation.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: obtaining the return liquid temperature of the submerged evaporator, and controlling the second refrigerant branch or the fourth refrigerant branch to open when the return liquid temperature is higher than a preset return liquid temperature threshold, otherwise controlling the second refrigerant branch or the fourth refrigerant branch to close.

[0113] When the return liquid temperature of the submerged evaporator is higher than the preset return liquid temperature threshold, it indicates that the heat exchange efficiency of condenser 1 is insufficient, or that the heat exchange efficiency of condenser 1 and liquid recooler 4 is insufficient. Figure 3 The second refrigerant branch shown or Figure 4The fourth refrigerant branch shown is opened, collecting and driving the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigerant pipeline of condenser 1 to be condensed again by the gas recooler 12.

[0114] Specifically, when the fourth refrigerant branch is opened, the first two-way valve 14 in the third refrigerant branch can be opened to allow some gaseous refrigerant to enter the gas recooler 12, or the first two-way valve 14 can be closed to allow all gaseous refrigerant to enter the gas recooler 12. This can be determined based on the degree of increase in the return liquid temperature.

[0115] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0116] The following are device embodiments of this application. For details not described in detail, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments described above.

[0117] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control device of a liquid cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, for ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiments of this application are shown, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes:

[0118] The acquisition module is used to obtain the load rate;

[0119] The control module is used to control the parallel control valve 5 to open when the load rate is greater than the preset load rate threshold, and otherwise control the parallel control valve 5 to close.

[0120] During implementation, the number of devices to be cooled will vary depending on the different stages of project construction, resulting in different load rates for the liquid cooling system. After project completion, the number of devices to be started will also vary, leading to different load rates for the liquid cooling system. Furthermore, even with varying numbers of devices started, the heat dissipation may differ depending on the operating environment, further affecting the load rate of the liquid cooling system.

[0121] In this embodiment, the load rate is obtained. When the load rate is less than or equal to a preset load rate threshold, the parallel control valve 5 is closed to avoid wasting the cooling capacity of the liquid cooling system, improve the cooling efficiency of the liquid cooling system, and adapt to the needs of phased construction and early commercialization. When the load rate is greater than the preset load rate threshold, the parallel control valve 5 is opened to avoid insufficient cooling efficiency, thereby preventing gaseous refrigerant from entering the submerged evaporator and causing film boiling, and improving the system's operational stability.

[0122] One possible implementation also includes:

[0123] The acquisition module is also used to acquire the liquid level height of the storage tank 2;

[0124] The control module is also used to control the first refrigerant branch or the third refrigerant branch to open when the liquid level is lower than a preset liquid level threshold, and otherwise control the first refrigerant branch or the third refrigerant branch to close.

[0125] One possible implementation also includes:

[0126] The acquisition module is also used to acquire the return liquid temperature of the submerged evaporator;

[0127] The control module is also used to control the second or fourth refrigerant branch to open when the return liquid temperature is higher than the preset return liquid temperature threshold, and otherwise control the second or fourth refrigerant branch to close.

[0128] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 7 in this embodiment includes: a processor 70, a memory 71, and a computer program 72 stored in the memory 71 and executable on the processor 70. When the processor 70 executes the computer program 72, it implements the steps in the control method embodiments of the various liquid cooling systems described above, for example... Figure 5 The steps shown. Alternatively, when the processor 70 executes the computer program 72, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments, for example... Figure 6 The functions of each module are shown.

[0129] For example, the computer program 72 can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 71 and executed by the processor 70 to complete this application. The one or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program 72 in the electronic device 7. For example, the computer program 72 can be divided into... Figure 6 The modules shown.

[0130] The electronic device 7 can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, cloud server, or other computing device. The electronic device 7 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 70 and a memory 71. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 7 This is merely an example of electronic device 7 and does not constitute a limitation on electronic device 7. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, the electronic device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0131] The processor 70 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0132] The memory 71 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 7, such as a hard disk or memory. The memory 71 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 7, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital card (SD), flash card, etc., equipped on the electronic device 7. Furthermore, the memory 71 can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device 7. The memory 71 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the electronic device. The memory 71 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0134] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0135] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0136] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0137] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0138] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0139] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-described embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the control method embodiments of the various liquid cooling systems described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0140] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An immersion liquid cooling system, characterized by, The application relates to an immersion evaporation device, a main refrigerant loop and an external cold source loop. The immersion evaporation device is connected to liquid refrigerant and used to immerse and carry a device to be cooled to generate gaseous refrigerant when the device to be cooled is subjected to phase change heat exchange. The main refrigerant loop is connected to and cools the gaseous refrigerant to form the liquid refrigerant and sequentially comprises a refrigerant pipeline of a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a liquid circulating pump and a refrigerant pipeline of a liquid subcooler. The external cold source loop is used to cool the main refrigerant loop and comprises an external cold source pipeline of the condenser and an external cold source pipeline of the liquid subcooler which are connected to an external cold source in parallel. The design heat exchange capacity of the condenser and the design heat exchange capacity of the liquid subcooler are not greater than the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source.

2. The immersion liquid cooling system of claim 1, wherein, The design heat exchange capacity of the condenser is equal to the design heat exchange capacity of the liquid subcooler, and the sum of the design heat exchange capacity of the condenser and the design heat exchange capacity of the liquid subcooler matches the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source.

3. The immersion liquid cooling system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first refrigerant branch sequentially comprises a first gas-liquid separator, a gas storage tank and a gas circulating pump and is provided with a two-way valve arranged in the first refrigerant branch.

4. The immersion liquid cooling system of claim 1, wherein, The first gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser, and the gas circulating pump is connected to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser. The first refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser to return to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser and be recondensed.

5. The liquid submersion cooling system of claim 1, wherein, The second refrigerant branch sequentially comprises a second gas-liquid separator and a gas subcooler pipeline and is provided with a two-way valve arranged in the second refrigerant branch. The second gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser, and the gas subcooler pipeline is connected to the liquid storage tank. The second refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser to be recondensed through the gas subcooler. The gas subcooler pipeline of the gas subcooler is connected to the external cold source. The design heat exchange capacity of the condenser, the design heat exchange capacity of the liquid subcooler and the design heat exchange capacity of the gas subcooler match the design heat exchange capacity of the external cold source. The third gas-liquid separator is connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser and has a liquid outlet connected to the liquid storage tank. The third refrigerant branch sequentially comprises a gas storage tank and a gas circulating pump. The gas storage tank of the third refrigerant branch is connected to the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator. The gas circulating pump of the third refrigerant branch is connected to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser. The third refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser to return to the refrigerant pipeline inlet of the condenser and be recondensed. The fourth refrigerant branch sequentially comprises a fourth gas-liquid separator and a gas subcooler pipeline. The fourth gas-liquid separator is connected to the liquid outlet of the third gas-liquid separator. The gas subcooler pipeline of the fourth refrigerant branch is connected to the liquid storage tank. The fourth refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the liquid outlet of the third gas-liquid separator to be recondensed through the gas subcooler. The first two-way valve is arranged in the first refrigerant branch. The second two-way valve is arranged in the second refrigerant branch. The three-way valve is arranged in the third refrigerant branch. The first two-way valve, the second two-way valve and the three-way valve are connected to each other. The fourth refrigerant branch sequentially comprises a gas re-cooler refrigerant pipeline and a fourth gas-liquid separator; the gas re-cooler refrigerant pipeline is connected to the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator, the fourth gas-liquid separator is connected to the gas re-cooler, the gas outlet of the fourth gas-liquid separator is connected to the gas storage tank, and the liquid outlet of the fourth gas-liquid separator is connected to the liquid storage tank, so that the fourth refrigerant branch collects and drives the uncondensed gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser to be re-condensed through the gas re-cooler; wherein the external cold source pipeline of the gas re-cooler is connected to the external cold source, and the designed heat exchange capacity of the condenser, the designed heat exchange capacity of the liquid re-cooler, and the designed heat exchange capacity of the gas re-cooler are matched with the designed heat exchange capacity of the external cold source. The first two-way valve and the second two-way valve are respectively arranged in the third refrigerant branch and the fourth refrigerant branch, and the three ports of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the refrigerant pipeline outlet of the condenser, the third gas-liquid separator, and the liquid storage tank.

6. The immersion liquid cooling system of claim 4 or 5, wherein, The designed heat exchange capacity of the condenser is equal to the designed heat exchange capacity of the liquid re-cooler, and the heat exchange capacity of the gas re-cooler is less than the designed heat exchange capacity of the condenser and the designed heat exchange capacity of the liquid re-cooler.

7. A control method of a liquid cooling system for the immersion liquid cooling system of claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises: Obtaining the load rate, and controlling the parallel control valve to be opened when the load rate is greater than a preset load rate threshold, and otherwise, controlling the parallel control valve to be closed.

8. A control method of a liquid cooling system for the immersion liquid cooling system of claim 3, characterized by, The method comprises: Obtaining the load rate, and controlling the parallel control valve to be opened when the load rate is greater than a preset load rate threshold, and otherwise, controlling the parallel control valve to be closed. Obtaining the liquid level height of the liquid storage tank, and controlling the first refrigerant branch to be opened when the liquid level height is lower than a preset liquid level height threshold, and otherwise, controlling the first refrigerant branch to be closed.

9. A control method of a liquid cooling system for the immersion liquid cooling system of claim 4, characterized by, The method comprises: Obtaining the load rate, and controlling the parallel control valve to be opened when the load rate is greater than a preset load rate threshold, and otherwise, controlling the parallel control valve to be closed. Obtaining the return liquid temperature of the immersion evaporation device, and controlling the second refrigerant branch to be opened when the return liquid temperature is higher than a preset return liquid temperature threshold, and otherwise, controlling the second refrigerant branch to be closed.

10. A control method of a liquid cooling system for the immersion liquid cooling system of claim 5, characterized by, The method comprises: Obtaining the load rate, and controlling the parallel control valve to be opened when the load rate is greater than a preset load rate threshold, and otherwise, controlling the parallel control valve to be closed. Obtaining the liquid level height of the liquid storage tank and the return liquid temperature of the immersion evaporation device, and controlling the third refrigerant branch to be opened when the liquid level height is lower than a preset liquid level height threshold, and otherwise, controlling the third refrigerant branch to be closed; and controlling the fourth refrigerant branch to be opened when the return liquid temperature is higher than a preset return liquid temperature threshold, and otherwise, controlling the fourth refrigerant branch to be closed.

11. A data center comprising the liquid cooling system and at least one immersion server; the data center applies the immersion liquid cooling system of any one of claims 1 to 6 to dissipate heat for each immersion server.

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