Intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber, aero-engine and control method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of the aviation industry, and provides an intelligent regulation and control multi-flame combustion chamber, an aero-engine and a control method.The multi-flame combustion chamber comprises a combustion unit, an intelligent temperature control valve assembly and a plurality of main combustion stage fuel supply components, the combustion unit comprises a combustion chamber body and a plurality of main combustion stage assemblies arranged on the combustion chamber body, the main combustion stage assemblies comprise at least one main combustion stage base element component, the plurality of main combustion stage fuel supply components are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of main combustion stage assemblies, and the intelligent temperature control valve assembly is provided with a medium inlet and a plurality of medium outlets, the plurality of medium outlets are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of main combustion stage fuel supply components.The application senses the temperature change of the incoming medium through the intelligent temperature control valve assembly, intelligently controls the connection and disconnection of the at least one medium outlet and the medium inlet, realizes the on-off control of the plurality of main combustion stage fuel supply components, and further realizes the intelligent regulation and control of the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution and NOx emission, so that the outlet temperature distribution is more uniform, the NOx emission is lower, and the aero-engine is more environmentally friendly. X X ​​

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aviation industry technology, and in particular to an intelligent control multi-flame combustor, an aero-engine, and a control method. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid development of the aviation industry has placed stringent demands on aero-engines. As a key structure of aero-engines, the combustor affects their performance. To ensure stable operation of the combustor over a wide range of operating conditions while meeting the emission standards stipulated by aviation authorities, research has been conducted on the structure of a centrally staged combustor. Its inner swirling flame serves as the pre-combustion stage, ensuring stable combustion within a broad operating range, while the outer swirling flame serves as the main combustion stage, guaranteeing high combustion efficiency and low emissions in a dual-flame mode.

[0003] In existing technologies, the central staged combustion chamber includes an inner ring pre-combustion stage and a main combustion stage located on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage. Typically, the main combustion stage adopts an axial swirler-equipped cylinder design, with fuel injection holes on the swirler blades of the main combustion stage. After the fuel enters the blades, it is injected through the small holes of the main combustion stage blades and mixed with the incoming air. After mixing, it enters the premixing channel of the main combustion stage and finally enters the combustion chamber for combustion. However, the fuel in the main combustion stage cannot be fully mixed, which reduces combustion efficiency and makes it difficult to control the outlet temperature distribution field. This results in uneven outlet temperature distribution and difficulty in controlling NOx emissions, thus exacerbating the pollution problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an intelligent control multi-flame combustor, an aero-engine, and a control method to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as insufficient mixing of fuel in the main combustion stage leading to reduced combustion efficiency, and difficulties in controlling the outlet temperature distribution field, which exacerbate pollution emissions and make NOx emission control difficult.

[0005] This invention provides an intelligent controllable multi-flame combustion chamber, comprising:

[0006] A combustion unit includes a combustion chamber body and a plurality of main combustion stage components disposed on the combustion chamber body, wherein the main combustion stage components include at least one main combustion stage basic element;

[0007] Multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components, with the outlets of the multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components connected one-to-one with the multiple main combustion stage components;

[0008] The intelligent temperature control valve assembly includes a shape memory alloy component. The intelligent temperature control valve assembly has a medium inlet and multiple medium outlets. The multiple medium outlets are connected one-to-one with the inlets of multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components. The shape memory alloy component controls the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet and the medium inlet based on the temperature change of the incoming medium.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber is provided, wherein the intelligent temperature control valve assembly includes:

[0010] The control body has a accommodating cavity;

[0011] The valve body is slidably disposed in the accommodating cavity to divide the accommodating cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity;

[0012] The medium inlet is located on the side wall of the first cavity, and the shape memory alloy component is disposed in the first cavity. The shape memory alloy component is used to drive the valve body to move based on the temperature change of the incoming medium, so as to control the connection and disconnection between the medium outlet and the first cavity.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a smart controllable multi-flame combustion chamber is provided, wherein the shape memory alloy component includes an SMA spring.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber is provided, wherein the intelligent temperature control valve assembly further includes an elastic element disposed in the second cavity.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a smart controlled multi-flame combustor is provided, wherein the main combustion stage fuel supply component includes:

[0016] At least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle, wherein at least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle is disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with at least one main combustion stage basic component, and the outlet of the main combustion stage fuel nozzle is located in the main combustion chamber of the main combustion stage basic component;

[0017] The main combustion stage fuel supply line has its inlet end connected to the corresponding medium outlet, and its outlet end connected to at least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent controllable multi-flame combustion chamber is provided, wherein the main combustion stage fuel nozzle is a direct-injection nozzle with its outlet direction perpendicular to the incoming airflow.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent controllable multi-flame combustor is provided, wherein the combustion unit further includes a pre-combustion stage component disposed on the combustor body, and a plurality of main combustion stage components are located on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage component, wherein the main combustion stage component includes a plurality of circumferentially distributed main combustion stage basic components.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent controllable multi-flame combustor is provided. The main combustion stage basic component includes a main combustion stage mixing tube, a first swirl member and a second swirl member arranged adjacent to each other. The main combustion stage mixing tube is disposed in the combustor body. The first swirl member includes a plurality of swirl blades arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the main combustion stage mixing tube. The second swirl member includes a plurality of swirl grooves formed circumferentially in the main combustion stage mixing tube. The main combustion stage mixing tube is provided with a first accommodating space for installing the main combustion stage fuel nozzle, and / or...

[0021] The pre-combustion stage component includes a pre-combustion stage mixing pipe and a pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle, an inner ring swirler, and an outer ring swirler, which are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside within the pre-combustion stage mixing pipe. The pre-combustion stage mixing pipe is located in the middle of the combustion chamber body. One end of the pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle has a spray hole, and the other end of the pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle is connected to the pre-combustion stage fuel supply pipeline.

[0022] The present invention also provides an aero engine, comprising: the intelligent control multi-flame combustor described in any one of the above claims.

[0023] The present invention also provides a control method for an intelligently controlled multi-flame combustor, based on any one of the above-described intelligently controlled multi-flame combustors, the method comprising:

[0024] The shape memory alloy component controls the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet and medium inlet based on the temperature change of the incoming medium, so as to realize the connection and disconnection of the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply component.

[0025] The intelligent multi-flame combustion chamber provided in this invention design the main combustion stage as multiple main combustion stage components, each of which can serve as a combustion chamber within the main combustion stage. This allows for independent fuel supply to the multiple combustion chambers through multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components. The multiple main combustion stage components achieve independent multi-flame combustion. Furthermore, the intelligent temperature control valve component senses temperature changes in the incoming medium via a shape memory alloy component, intelligently controlling the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet and medium inlet. This, in turn, connects and disconnects the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply components, thereby achieving on / off control of multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components. This, in turn, regulates the fuel flow rate and fuel spatial distribution within the main combustion stage, thereby controlling the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution and NO₂ levels. X Intelligent emission control results in a more uniform outlet temperature distribution, and NO X Lower emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the combustion unit provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the combustion unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the combustion unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the main combustion stage basic components provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the main combustion stage basic component provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the main combustion stage basic component provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the pre-combustion stage component provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the pre-combustion stage component provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent temperature control valve assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure label:

[0038] 1. Combustion chamber body;

[0039] 2. Pre-combustion stage components; 21. Pre-combustion stage mixing pipe; 22. Pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle; 23. Inner annular cyclone; 24. Outer annular cyclone;

[0040] 3. Main combustion stage assembly; 31. Main combustion stage basic components; 311. Main combustion stage mixing tube; 312. First swirl component; 313. Second swirl component; 314. First accommodating space; 315. Venturi tube;

[0041] 4. Pre-combustion fuel supply pipeline;

[0042] 5. Main combustion stage fuel supply components; 51. Main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline; 52. Main combustion stage fuel injector;

[0043] 6. Intelligent temperature control valve assembly; 61. Control body; 611. Medium inlet; 612. Medium outlet; 62. Valve body; 63. Shape memory alloy component; 64. Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0049] The following is combined Figures 1-10 This invention describes an intelligent controllable multi-flame combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] An embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention proposes an intelligently controlled multi-flame combustion chamber, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the intelligent multi-flame combustion chamber includes a combustion unit, an intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6, and a fuel supply unit. The combustion unit includes a combustion chamber body 1 and multiple main combustion stage components 3 disposed on the combustion chamber body 1. The fuel supply unit includes multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5, and the outlets of the multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 are connected one-to-one with the multiple main combustion stage components 3. The intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 includes a shape memory alloy component 63, and the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 has a medium inlet 611 and multiple medium outlets 612, and the multiple medium outlets 612 are connected one-to-one with the inlets of the multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5.

[0051] It is understandable that the combustion unit includes multiple main combustion stage components 3, each of which can serve as a combustion chamber of the main combustion stage. Thus, the main combustion stage composed of multiple independent main combustion stage components 3 forms a multi-flame combustion chamber.

[0052] The number of main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 is equal to the number of main combustion stage components 3. Multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 are connected one-to-one with multiple main combustion stage components 3. Each main combustion stage component 3 is connected to one main combustion stage fuel supply component 5. Then all the main combustion stage basic components 31 of each main combustion stage component 3 are connected to the same main combustion stage fuel supply component 5, so that multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 can realize independent fuel supply to multiple combustion chambers of the main combustion stage.

[0053] The intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 has one medium inlet 611 and multiple medium outlets 612. The multiple medium outlets 612 are respectively connected to the inlets of multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5. The intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 includes a shape memory alloy component 63. The shape memory alloy component 63 senses the temperature change of the incoming medium and changes its own properties according to the temperature change of the incoming medium, controlling the connection and disconnection between at least one medium outlet 612 and the medium inlet 611, thereby realizing the connection and disconnection of the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply component 5. It should be noted that the incoming medium refers to the medium flowing into the entire combustion chamber inlet, such as incoming air with changing temperature.

[0054] It is understandable that when the temperature of the incoming medium changes, the shape memory alloy component 63 senses the temperature of the incoming medium and controls the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet 612 and medium inlet 611 to realize the connection and disconnection of the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply component 5, thereby realizing the control of the fuel supply flow of the main combustion stage.

[0055] For example, when the incoming medium has a first temperature, one of the medium outlets 612 (denoted as the first outlet medium) is connected to the medium inlet 611. The main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 connected to the first outlet medium is in a connected state, thus achieving one main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 connection. At this time, one main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 supplies fuel to one main combustion stage assembly 3, thereby achieving one-way fuel supply to the main combustion stage. When the incoming medium changes from the first temperature to the second temperature, the shape memory alloy component 63 senses the temperature change of the incoming medium and controls one of the remaining medium outlets 612 (denoted as the second outlet medium) to connect to the medium inlet 611, thus achieving another main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 connection. At this time, the two main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 supply fuel to two main combustion stage assemblies 3 respectively, thereby achieving two-way fuel supply to the main combustion stage. Of course, the incoming medium can also change from the first temperature to the third temperature. The shape memory alloy component 63 senses the temperature change of the incoming medium and controls the first outlet medium to disconnect from the medium inlet 611, thereby disconnecting one main combustion stage fuel supply component 5. At this time, the fuel supply to the main combustion stage is disconnected. It should be noted that the third temperature, the first temperature, and the second temperature increase sequentially.

[0056] It should be noted that during the combustion of the same fuel, the shape memory alloy component 63 senses the temperature of the incoming medium and controls the connection or disconnection of one or more main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 with the corresponding main combustion stage components 3, thereby achieving control over the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution and NO. X Intelligent emission control results in a more uniform outlet temperature distribution and NO... X Lower emissions.

[0057] It should be noted that, in order to ensure stable operation of the combustion chamber over a wide range of operating conditions while meeting pollution emission standards, a central staged combustion chamber is adopted. Central staged combustion offers excellent flame stability and low-emission performance. To improve fuel mixing and ignition performance within the combustion chamber, this embodiment, based on the central staged combustion chamber, uses a main combustion stage composed of multiple independent main combustion stage components 3 as a multi-flame combustion chamber. This changes the traditional blade swirl form of the main combustion stage to a multi-flame form, and further transforms the main combustion stage from a single fuel supply to a multi-path distributed fuel supply. The shape memory alloy component 63 senses changes in the temperature of the incoming medium in the combustion chamber and accordingly regulates the fuel flow rate and fuel spatial distribution in the main combustion stage, thereby intelligently controlling the outlet temperature distribution and NO emission levels. X emission.

[0058] The intelligent multi-flame combustion chamber provided in this embodiment of the invention designs the main combustion stage as multiple main combustion stage components 3, each of which can serve as a combustion chamber of the main combustion stage. This allows for independent fuel supply to the multiple combustion chambers of the main combustion stage via multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5. The multiple main combustion stage components 3 achieve independent multi-flame combustion. Furthermore, an intelligent temperature control valve component 6 senses the temperature change of the incoming medium and intelligently controls the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet 612 and medium inlet 611, thereby connecting and disconnecting the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply components 5. This enables on / off control of multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5, thereby regulating the fuel flow rate and fuel spatial distribution of the main combustion stage, and ultimately controlling the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution and NO₂ levels. X Intelligent emission control results in a more uniform outlet temperature distribution, and NO X Lower emissions.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 includes a control body 61, a valve body 62, and a shape memory alloy component 63. The control body 61 has a accommodating cavity, and a plurality of medium outlets 612 communicating with the accommodating cavity are provided on one side of the control body 61. The number of medium outlets 612 is equal to the number of main combustion stage fuel supply components 5, and the plurality of medium outlets 612 are connected one-to-one with the plurality of main combustion stage fuel supply components 5. The plurality of medium outlets 612 are arranged side by side. The valve body 62 is slidably disposed in the accommodating cavity to divide the accommodating cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. A medium inlet 611 is provided on the side wall of the first cavity. The shape memory alloy component 63 is disposed in the first cavity and connected to the valve body 62. The shape memory alloy component 63 is used to drive the valve body 62 to move based on the temperature change of the incoming medium to control the connection and disconnection between the medium outlet 612 and the first cavity, thereby realizing the connection and disconnection between the medium outlet 612 and the medium inlet 611.

[0060] It is understood that the valve body 62 is connected to the shape memory alloy component 63. The valve body 62 is moved by the shape memory alloy component 63 to change the position of the valve body 62 in the accommodating cavity. During the movement, the valve body 62 can block or unblock the medium outlet 612.

[0061] For example, in the initial state, the valve body 62 is positioned at multiple medium outlets 612 to block them, and all main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 are closed. When the temperature of the incoming medium rises, the shape memory alloy component 63 moves the valve body 62. When the valve body 62 moves out of the outermost medium outlet 612, the outermost medium outlet 612 is connected to the first cavity, and the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 connected to the outermost medium outlet 612 is in the open state, and the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is connected to the corresponding main combustion stage component 3. As the temperature of the incoming medium continues to rise, the shape memory alloy component 63 drives the valve body 62 to continue moving along the current movement mode, and the multiple medium outlets 612 are connected to the first cavity in sequence until the valve body 62 moves out of all medium outlets 612, so that all medium outlets 612 are connected to the first cavity, and all main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 connected to all medium outlets 612 are in the open state. It should be noted that when the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is in the open state, it indicates that the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is connected to the corresponding main combustion stage component 3; when the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is in the closed state, it indicates that the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is disconnected from the corresponding main combustion stage component 3.

[0062] It should be noted that, based on the temperature of the incoming medium, the shape memory alloy component 63 drives the valve body 62 to move to a suitable position so that the target number of medium outlets 612 are connected to the first cavity, thereby enabling the target number of main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 to be in the open state, so as to achieve fuel supply to the corresponding number of main combustion stage components 3. The shape memory alloy component 63 senses the temperature change of the incoming medium and causes the valve body 62 to move, thereby changing the number of main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 that are open, and thus changing the fuel supply flow rate to the main combustion stage, realizing staged combustion of fuel, and realizing intelligent control of the fuel flow rate and fuel spatial distribution of the main combustion stage.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shape memory alloy component 63 adopts a smart driving material. The smart driving material can be a shape memory alloy (SMA). The smart driving material can change its own shape, size, position and other properties according to changes in temperature, electric field, magnetic field and so on. When applied to a structure, it can realize a driving function.

[0064] In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy component 63 adopts an SMA spring, and the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 adopts an SMA spring as an actuator. The shape memory alloy component 63 is mechanically integrated into the accommodating cavity of the control body 61, and the valve body 62 is driven by the SMA spring.

[0065] It is understandable that the SMA spring utilizes the shape memory effect of SMA to convert electrical energy and thermal energy into mechanical energy, which is output in the form of displacement or force, thereby changing the position of the valve body 62 and realizing the "intelligent" control of the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6. In this embodiment, a shape memory alloy component 63 is used as an actuator, utilizing the inherent driving and sensing characteristics of the intelligent driving material to achieve intelligent control of the valve body 62.

[0066] For example, the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 includes a control body 61, a valve body 62, and a shape memory alloy component 63. The valve body 62 is disposed in the accommodating cavity of the control body 61. The shape memory alloy component 63 is an SMA spring disposed in the first cavity. The two ends of the SMA spring are respectively limited between the valve body 62 and the inner wall of the first cavity. An elastic element 64 is disposed in the second cavity. In this embodiment, the elastic element 64 is a steel spring. The two ends of the elastic element 64 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the valve body 62 and the second cavity.

[0067] Understandably, the SMA spring-driven intelligent temperature control valve body 62 is used for intelligent regulation of fuel flow. When the SMA spring changes its performance according to the temperature of the incoming medium, the fuel supply (multi-path fuel flow) of multiple main combustion stage components 3 can be controlled through the SMA spring.

[0068] The SMA spring senses temperature and drives the valve body 62 to move. The characteristic of the SMA spring is that it gradually elongates as the temperature increases. The valve body 62, driven by the SMA spring, moves laterally to control the connection or disconnection between the medium outlet 612 and the first chamber, thereby controlling the fuel flow. The steel spring provides a restoring force to the SMA spring.

[0069] The intelligent multi-flame combustion chamber provided in this embodiment of the invention features an intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 made of shape memory alloy material and an SMA spring intelligent temperature control valve body 62. The SMA spring can sense temperature through the SMA material, thereby changing the length of the SMA spring. The SMA spring drives the valve body 62 to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the oil circuit, and thus realizing intelligent control of the multi-oil circuit supply of the main combustion stage assembly 3.

[0070] It should be noted that existing central staged combustion chambers use a blade swirl design for the main combustion stage, which presents challenges in controlling the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution and NOx emissions. This embodiment employs multiple independent main combustion stage components 3 as the main combustion stage. An intelligent temperature control valve component 6 regulates the fuel flow rate of the main combustion stage, and the distribution of the multiple main combustion stage components 3 regulates the fuel space distribution and fuel circuit. Therefore, this embodiment, through the intelligent temperature control valve component 6, intelligently adjusts the fuel flow rate of the main combustion stage and the fuel space distribution of the multiple main combustion stage components 3, achieving intelligent control of the outlet temperature distribution and NOx emissions.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion unit further includes a pre-combustion stage component 2 disposed on the combustion chamber body 1. The pre-combustion stage component 2 and a plurality of main combustion stage components 3 are both disposed on the combustion chamber body 1, and the plurality of main combustion stage components 3 are located on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage component 2. The fuel supply unit further includes a pre-combustion stage fuel supply pipeline 4, which is used to supply fuel to the pre-combustion stage component 2.

[0072] It is understandable that when the main combustion stage component 3 includes one main combustion stage basic component 31, the main combustion stage basic components 31 of the multiple main combustion stage components 3 are disposed on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage component 2; when the main combustion stage component 3 includes multiple main combustion stage basic components 31, the multiple main combustion stage basic components 31 of each main combustion stage component 3 are disposed on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage component 2.

[0073] Preferably, the multiple main combustion stage basic components 31 of each main combustion stage component 3 are evenly distributed along the same circumference, and the main combustion stage basic components 31 of all main combustion stage components 3 are also evenly distributed along the same circumference, then all main combustion stage basic components 31 are evenly distributed along the same circumference.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the pre-combustion stage components include a pre-combustion stage mixing pipe body 21, a pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle 22, an inner ring swirler 23, and an outer ring swirler 24. The pre-combustion stage mixing pipe body 21 is located in the middle of the combustion chamber body. The pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle 22, the inner ring swirler 23, and the outer ring swirler 24 are coaxially arranged inside the pre-combustion stage mixing pipe body 21 from the inside out. The pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle 22 has a nozzle orifice at one end located inside the inner ring swirler 23, and the other end of the pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle 22 is connected to the pre-combustion stage fuel supply line.

[0075] Understandably, the pre-combustion fuel supply line supplies fuel to the pre-combustion fuel nozzle 22, which enters the pre-combustion mixing pipe 21 through the nozzle and mixes with the air that enters through the inner ring swirler 23 and the outer ring swirler 24.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner ring cyclone 23 includes a first sleeve and a plurality of first blades. The first sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle 22, and the plurality of first blades are disposed on the periphery of the first sleeve. The plurality of first blades are arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction of the first sleeve.

[0077] The outer ring cyclone separator 24 includes a second sleeve and multiple second blades. One end of the second sleeve is located on the periphery of multiple first blades, and multiple second blades are located on the periphery of one end of the second sleeve and abut against the pre-combustion stage mixing tube 21. Multiple second blades are correspondingly located on the outside of multiple first blades, and multiple second blades are arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction of the second sleeve.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of first blades are welded to the outer periphery of the first sleeve; a plurality of second blades are welded to the second end of the second sleeve.

[0079] Preferably, multiple first blades and multiple second blades are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. It should be noted that the first blades and second blades rotate in opposite directions, which ensures that the two swirling air streams are opposite to each other, thereby creating a strong shearing force between the two air streams and ensuring the quality of fuel atomization and breakup.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the main combustion stage basic component 31 includes a main combustion stage mixing tube 311, a first swirl member 312 and a second swirl member 313 arranged adjacent to each other. The main combustion stage mixing tube 311 is disposed on the combustion chamber body 1. The first swirl member 312 and the second swirl member 313 are disposed on the main combustion stage mixing tube 311. The first swirl member 312 is close to the inlet side of the main combustion stage mixing tube 311. The first swirl member 312 is a swirler, which includes multiple swirl blades arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the main combustion stage mixing tube 311. The second swirl member 313 is located in the middle of the main combustion stage mixing tube 311. The second swirl member 313 includes multiple swirl grooves opened circumferentially on the main combustion stage mixing tube 311. The main combustion stage mixing tube 311 is provided with a first accommodating space 314 for the installation of the main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52.

[0081] It is understood that the main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 is disposed in the first accommodating space 314 and located in the main combustion chamber formed inside the main combustion stage mixing pipe body 311. Air enters the main combustion stage mixing pipe body 311 through the first swirl member 312 and is mixed with the fuel entering the main combustion stage mixing pipe body 311 through the main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 in the first stage. Then it is mixed with the air entering the main combustion stage mixing pipe body 311 through the second swirl member 313 in the second stage.

[0082] The intelligent control multi-flame combustor provided in this embodiment of the invention uses a mixing structure (first swirl component 312 and second swirl component 313) to swirl and mix fuel and air. Compared with using blades for swirl mixing, the mixing structure shortens the axial length of the main combustion stage mixing tube 311, thereby making the intelligent control multi-flame combustor structure more compact, reducing flow losses, achieving stable combustion, and resulting in a more uniform fuel mist field distribution and a more uniform outlet temperature field distribution of the intelligent control multi-flame combustor.

[0083] Furthermore, the main combustion stage basic component 31 also includes a venturi tube 315, with the second swirl member 313 located at least partially outside the venturi tube 315. The venturi tube 315 is located at the outlet of the first swirl member 312. One end of the venturi tube 315 is connected to the inner wall of the main combustion stage mixing tube body 311 and is located between the first swirl member 312 and the second swirl member 313. The other end of the venturi tube 315 gradually contracts toward the center of the main combustion stage mixing tube body 311 and the outlet of the main combustion stage mixing tube body 311.

[0084] Understandably, the Venturi tube 315 installed at the outlet of the swirl vane is beneficial for the uniform mixing of oil and gas, helps to prevent backfire and ensure safety, and also improves atomization and combustion performance, thus stabilizing the flame.

[0085] Furthermore, the swirl channel is designed with a square hole. Increasing the axial length of the swirl channel can increase the air intake, thereby making the air and fuel mix more evenly between the venturi tube 315 and the inner wall of the main combustion stage mixing tube 311.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, the opening of the swirl channel on the outer wall of the main combustion stage mixing pipe 311 is the air inlet, and the opening on the inner wall of the main combustion stage mixing pipe 311 is the air outlet. The projection of the plane where the air outlet of the swirl channel is located is located on one side of the plane where the air inlet is located, so that the airflow entering the main combustion stage mixing pipe 311 from the swirl channel flows in a spiral to mix with the fuel.

[0087] Preferably, the outlet direction of the first swirl member 312 is opposite to that of the second swirl member 313, so that the main combustion stage mixing tube 311 adopts a two-stage swirl mode with opposite swirl directions, which makes the airflow inside the main combustion stage basic component 31 have a stronger mixing effect, which is conducive to the uniformity of the outlet temperature distribution of the multi-flame combustion chamber and improves the quality of the outlet temperature distribution.

[0088] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 includes a main combustion stage fuel supply line 51 and at least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52. The at least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 is correspondingly disposed on at least one main combustion stage basic component 31, and the outlet of the main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 is located in the main combustion chamber of the main combustion stage basic component 31. The inlet end of the main combustion stage fuel supply line 51 is connected to the corresponding medium outlet 612, and the outlet end of the main combustion stage fuel supply line 51 is respectively connected to at least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52.

[0089] It is understood that the number of main combustion stage fuel nozzles 52 in each main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is equal to the number of main combustion stage basic components 31 in the main combustion stage assembly 3. The inlet end of the main combustion stage fuel supply line 51 is connected to the corresponding medium outlet 612, and the outlet end of the main combustion stage fuel supply line 51 is connected to at least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52. At least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 is connected to at least one main combustion stage basic component 31 of the main combustion stage assembly 3 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0090] Furthermore, the first accommodating space 314 is opened on the side of the main combustion stage mixing pipe body 311 near the pre-combustion stage mixing pipe body 21, and the main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 passes through the swirl groove and is installed at the venturi tube 315.

[0091] Preferably, the main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 is a direct-injection nozzle with its outlet direction perpendicular to the incoming airflow. The main combustion stage fuel nozzle 52 uses a direct-injection nozzle instead of a traditional centrifugal nozzle, which reduces the nozzle weight of each unit. The radially inward mounting of the direct-injection nozzle helps to reduce the overall profile dimensions of the entire nozzle assembly and decreases the diameter of the holes drilled in the housing for the fuel passages. The direct-injection nozzle is installed by pushing it in as a whole from upstream.

[0092] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber includes a combustion unit, a fuel supply unit, and an intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6.

[0093] The combustion unit includes a combustion chamber body 1, a pre-combustion stage component 2, and three main combustion stage components 3. The pre-combustion stage component 2 is located in the middle of the combustion chamber body 1. Each main combustion stage component 3 includes three main combustion stage basic components 31. A total of nine main combustion stage basic components 31 are located on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage component 2.

[0094] The three main combustion stage components 3 are respectively designated as the first main combustion stage component 3, the second main combustion stage component 3, and the third main combustion stage component 3. In each main combustion stage component 3, three main combustion stage basic components 31 are evenly distributed circumferentially. The first main combustion stage component 3 includes circumferentially distributed main combustion stage basic components 1, 4, and 7. The second main combustion stage component includes circumferentially distributed main combustion stage basic components 2, 5, and 8. The basic components, the third main combustion stage assembly includes circumferentially distributed main combustion stage basic components 3#, 6#, and 9#. Then, main combustion stage basic components 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, and 9# are distributed in a counterclockwise direction along the circumference.

[0095] The fuel supply unit includes a pre-combustion stage fuel supply line 4 and a main fuel supply assembly. The pre-combustion stage fuel supply line 4 is used to supply fuel to the pre-combustion stage component 2, and the main combustion stage fuel supply assembly 5 is used to supply fuel to multiple main combustion stage components 3. The pre-combustion stage fuel supply line 4 and the main fuel supply assembly are independent fuel supply lines. The pre-combustion stage fuel supply line 4 of the pre-combustion stage uses one pre-combustion stage fuel line, and the main combustion stage main fuel supply assembly uses one main combustion stage fuel line. The main fuel supply assembly includes multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components 5, and each main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 forms a main fuel branch line. Thus, the main combustion stage fuel line branches into multiple main fuel branch lines, and the number of main fuel branch lines (main combustion stage fuel supply components 5) is equal to the number of main combustion stage components 3.

[0096] In this embodiment, the main fuel supply assembly includes three main combustion stage fuel supply components 5. The intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 includes a control body 61, a valve body 62, and a shape memory alloy component 63. The control body 61 has a accommodating cavity, and three medium outlets 612 communicating with the accommodating cavity are provided on one side of the control body 61. The three medium outlets 612 are, from left to right, a first medium outlet, a second medium outlet, and a third medium outlet. The three medium outlets 612 are connected to the three main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 one by one. The valve body 62 is disposed in the accommodating cavity to divide the accommodating cavity into a first cavity on the left and a second cavity on the right. A medium inlet 611 is provided on the side wall of the first cavity. The shape memory alloy component 63 is an SMA spring disposed in the first cavity. The two ends of the SMA spring are respectively limited between the valve body 62 and the inner wall of the first cavity. An elastic element 64 is disposed in the second cavity. The two ends of the elastic element 64 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the valve body 62 and the second cavity.

[0097] One end of each main combustion stage fuel supply component 5 is connected to the medium outlet 612, and the other end has three branches, which are respectively set on the three main combustion stage basic components 31 of the corresponding main combustion stage assembly 3. The three main combustion stage fuel supply components 5 are designated as the first main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline 51, the second main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline 51, and the third main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline 51. The three branches of the first main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline are designated as fuel line 1, fuel line 4, and fuel line 7, and are connected to the first, fourth, and seventh main combustion stage basic components, respectively. The three branches of the second main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline are designated as fuel line 2, fuel line 5, and fuel line 8, and are connected to the second, fifth, and eighth main combustion stage basic components, respectively. The three branches of the third main combustion stage fuel supply pipeline are designated as fuel line 3, fuel line 6, and fuel line 9, and are connected to the third, sixth, and ninth main combustion stage basic components, respectively.

[0098] During idle, approach, climb, and takeoff, aero-engines operate under varying conditions. These changes directly affect the temperature of the incoming medium and fuel. As the incoming medium temperature changes, the SMA spring drives the valve body to move, regulating the fuel flow and spatial distribution across the multiple fuel lines of the main combustion stage. When the engine is in idle, the incoming medium temperature is approximately 500K–600K. The SMA spring is in its initial state, and the valve body is positioned at multiple medium outlets. All three medium outlets are disconnected from the medium inlet, and the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 controls the three fuel lines of the main combustion stage to be closed, with only the central pre-combustion stage fuel line supplying fuel. When the engine is in approach, the incoming medium temperature rises, and the SMA spring gradually extends, driving the valve body to move to the right, connecting the first medium outlet with the medium inlet. This allows the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 to open the first main combustion stage fuel supply line, thus enabling fuel supply to the main combustion stage's No. 1 and No. 4 fuel lines. # Fuel circuit and #7 fuel circuit are open for fuel supply. At this time, there is one fuel circuit for the pre-combustion stage and one branch fuel circuit for the main combustion stage. When the engine is in a high-pressure climbing condition, the temperature of the incoming medium is greater than 700K. The SMA spring gradually extends as the temperature of the incoming medium rises, driving the valve body to continue to move to the right, further connecting the second medium outlet with the medium inlet. Thus, the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 controls the second main combustion stage fuel supply line to open for fuel supply, that is, to open fuel circuits #1, #4, and #7 of the main combustion stage, and fuel circuits #2, #5, and #8 of the main combustion stage for fuel supply. At this time, there is one fuel circuit for the pre-combustion stage and two branch fuel circuits for the main combustion stage.

[0099] When the engine is in takeoff condition, the temperature of the incoming medium continues to rise. The SMA spring gradually extends as the temperature of the incoming medium rises, driving the valve body to continue moving to the right, further connecting the third medium outlet with the medium inlet. Thus, the intelligent temperature control valve assembly 6 controls the opening of the third main combustion stage fuel supply line to supply fuel, that is, the main combustion stage's No. 1, No. 4, and No. 7 fuel lines, the main combustion stage's No. 2, No. 5, and No. 8 fuel lines, and the main combustion stage's No. 3, No. 6, and No. 9 fuel lines are opened to supply fuel. At this time, there is one fuel line supplying fuel to the pre-combustion stage and three branch fuel lines supplying fuel to the main combustion stage.

[0100] The intelligent multi-flame combustion chamber provided in this invention uses the SMA spring to sense the temperature of the incoming medium and change the length of the SMA spring. The valve body driven by the SMA spring controls the oil circuit passage, thereby intelligently regulating the oil supply to the multi-flame main combustion chamber of the main combustion stage. By intelligently adjusting the fuel flow rate and fuel space distribution of the main combustion stage, intelligent control of the outlet temperature distribution and NOx emissions is achieved.

[0101] The intelligent control multi-flame combustor provided in this embodiment of the invention replaces the traditional main combustion stage swirl blades with a main combustion stage composed of multiple independent mixing tube channels. The main combustion stage adopts a multi-flame combustion mode, which helps to improve the performance of the main combustion chamber, forms a recirculation zone within the main combustion stage, achieves self-stabilizing fire performance, shortens the axial length of the intelligent control multi-flame combustor, and makes the oil mist field distribution more uniform and the outlet temperature field distribution more uniform.

[0102] Based on the intelligent control multi-flame combustor provided in any of the above embodiments, this embodiment also provides a control method for intelligent control multi-flame combustors, the method including the following:

[0103] The shape memory alloy component controls the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet and medium inlet based on the temperature change of the incoming medium, so as to realize the connection and disconnection of the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply component.

[0104] A second aspect of the present invention provides an aero-engine that includes the intelligently controlled multi-flame combustor provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart controllable multi-flame combustion chamber, characterized in that, include: The combustion unit includes a combustion chamber body (1) and a plurality of main combustion stage components (3) disposed on the combustion chamber body (1), wherein the main combustion stage components (3) include at least one main combustion stage basic component (31). Multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components (5), the outlets of the multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components (5) are connected one-to-one with the multiple main combustion stage components (3); The intelligent temperature control valve assembly (6) includes a shape memory alloy component (63). The intelligent temperature control valve assembly (6) has a medium inlet (611) and multiple medium outlets (612). The multiple medium outlets (612) are connected one-to-one with the inlets of multiple main combustion stage fuel supply components (5). Based on the temperature change of the incoming medium, the shape memory alloy component (63) controls the multiple medium outlets (612) to connect or disconnect with the medium inlet (611) one by one as the temperature of the incoming medium increases or decreases, so as to connect or disconnect the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply components (5). The main combustion stage fuel supply component (5) includes: At least one main combustion stage fuel nozzle (52) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with at least one main combustion stage basic component (31), and the outlet of the main combustion stage fuel nozzle (52) is located in the main combustion chamber of the main combustion stage basic component (31); the main combustion stage fuel nozzle (52) is a direct-injection nozzle with the outlet direction perpendicular to the incoming airflow. The main combustion stage fuel supply line (51) has its inlet end connected to the corresponding medium outlet (612) and its outlet end connected to at least one of the main combustion stage fuel nozzles (52).

2. The intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent temperature control valve assembly (6) includes: The control body (61) has a accommodating cavity; The valve body (62) is slidably disposed in the accommodating cavity to divide the accommodating cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity; The medium inlet (611) is opened on the side wall of the first cavity, and the shape memory alloy component (63) is disposed in the first cavity. The shape memory alloy component (63) is used to drive the valve body (62) to move based on the temperature change of the incoming medium, so as to control the connection and disconnection between the medium outlet (612) and the first cavity.

3. The intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy component (63) includes an SMA spring.

4. The intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intelligent temperature control valve assembly (6) also includes an elastic element (64) disposed in the second cavity.

5. The intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The combustion unit also includes a pre-combustion stage component (2) disposed on the combustion chamber body (1), and a plurality of main combustion stage components (3) are located on the outer periphery of the pre-combustion stage component (2). The main combustion stage component (3) includes a plurality of main combustion stage basic components (31) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

6. The intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main combustion stage basic component (31) includes a main combustion stage mixing tube (311), a first swirl member (312) and a second swirl member (313) arranged adjacent to each other. The main combustion stage mixing tube (311) is disposed on the combustion chamber body (1). The first swirl member (312) includes a plurality of swirl blades arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the main combustion stage mixing tube (311). The second swirl member (313) includes a plurality of swirl grooves opened circumferentially on the main combustion stage mixing tube (311). The main combustion stage mixing tube (311) is provided with a first accommodating space (314) for the installation of the main combustion stage fuel nozzle (52), and / or, The pre-combustion stage component (2) includes a pre-combustion stage mixing tube (21) and a pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle (22), an inner ring swirler (23) and an outer ring swirler (24) arranged coaxially from the inside to the outside within the pre-combustion stage mixing tube (21). The pre-combustion stage mixing tube (21) is located in the middle of the combustion chamber body (1). One end of the pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle (22) has a spray hole, and the other end of the pre-combustion stage fuel nozzle (22) is connected to the pre-combustion stage fuel supply line (4).

7. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, Includes the intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A control method for intelligently regulating a multi-flame combustion chamber, characterized in that, Based on the intelligent control multi-flame combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method includes: The shape memory alloy component (63) controls the connection and disconnection of at least one medium outlet (612) and medium inlet (611) based on the temperature change of the incoming medium, so as to realize the connection and disconnection of the corresponding main combustion stage fuel supply component (5).

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