A high-yield planting method of soybean with density increase and nitrogen reduction

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for high-yield soybean cultivation with increased density and reduced nitrogen, comprising: selecting soybean varieties to be planted; coating and treating soybean seeds with fungi; preparing the land in advance based on a 3:1 wide-narrow row planting pattern; pre-setting the planting density, determining the number of rows planted in the x-direction and the planting spacing in the y-direction; planting at equal intervals; weeding; and spraying pesticides during the flowering and pod-filling stages. In this invention, the wide-narrow row planting pattern combined with equal intervals between adjacent rows within the same planting row ensures sufficient sunlight exposure for the soybean plants. Furthermore, the pre-calculation of planting positions based on planting density avoids the problem of insufficient utilization of light, nutrients, and other environmental resources due to excessive spacing between plants. Equal intervals between adjacent rows reduce the area occupied by soil resources while ensuring planting density, achieving full utilization of soil, optimizing the planting method, and improving the full utilization of environmental resources between soybean rows.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soybean planting technology, specifically to a method for increasing planting density and reducing nitrogen in high-yield soybean planting. Background Technology

[0002] Soybeans are one of my country's important grain and oil crops. However, my country's soybean yield is low and the economic benefits are poor. Traditional soybean planting and management methods are relatively extensive. In the pre-sowing preparation stage, no protective measures are taken for the seeds, and the sowing density is uneven in the same area. There are problems such as the mismatch between good varieties and good methods, poor sowing quality, unreasonable fertilization, and poor control of diseases, pests and weeds. This extensive management method will lead to adverse consequences such as reduced soybean yield, poor economic benefits, waste of resources and environmental pollution.

[0003] Existing technologies include sowing methods that promote soybean production efficiency. Generally, this involves creating ridges (with roughly the same width) on the sowing soil, precision sowing in double (or triple) rows at equal intervals on the ridges, applying deep fertilization under the seeds, and coating and treating the seeds with fungi before sowing to enhance seed protection. However, in some areas, due to climate and other limitations, planting on ridges of equal size and planting double rows at equal intervals results in poor light exposure for the plants, preventing them from effectively utilizing natural resources for growth.

[0004] Therefore, existing soybean planting methods do not make full use of environmental factors such as sunlight, resulting in poor soybean productivity. Relying on increasing the spacing between plants to maximize sunlight not only increases the soil area consumed but also makes it impossible to fully utilize sprayed water resources, leading to waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a method for high-yield soybean cultivation with increased density and reduced nitrogen, which effectively solves the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to simultaneously make full use of sunlight, soil and water resources.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solution: a method for high-yield soybean planting with increased density and reduced nitrogen, comprising:

[0007] Select high-yielding, stress-resistant, and high-density-tolerant varieties as the soybeans to be sown, and coat and treat the soybean seeds of the soybeans to be sown with fungi.

[0008] Land preparation is carried out in advance based on a 3:1 wide-narrow row planting pattern;

[0009] Preset the sowing density to determine the number of plants in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row;

[0010] Sow soybean seeds in the same row at equal intervals according to the number of seeds planted in the x-direction and the spacing between seeds in the y-direction.

[0011] One-time pre-emergence herbicide application after sowing, followed by spraying of herbicides during the flowering and pod-filling stages, to implement chemical control and prevent stress and aging.

[0012] Furthermore,

[0013] The preset sowing density determines the number of plants in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row, including:

[0014] Preset sowing density;

[0015] Calculate the number of plants per unit square meter based on the sowing density;

[0016] Experiment with each planting row in the x-direction, with planting quantities of 1, 2, ..., to determine the total number of plants per unit square meter in the y-direction;

[0017] The number of plants in the x-direction and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row are determined based on the planting quantity per unit square meter.

[0018] Furthermore,

[0019] A precision seeder is used to sow soybean seeds in the same row at equal intervals, and adjacent rows of soybean seeds in the same row are sown at different positions in the y direction to form a wavy row planting pattern.

[0020] The precision seeder's sowing time interval and single sowing quantity are adjusted according to the number of plants in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row.

[0021] The number of seeds sown in a single operation by the precision seeder is no greater than the number of seeds sown in the x-direction of the planting row.

[0022] Furthermore,

[0023] The precision seeder has the following features:

[0024] The frame, on which a seed storage box is installed;

[0025] A rotating seeding tray is installed at the bottom of the seeding storage box. The rotating seeding tray has several seeding slots. A connecting pipe is installed between the seeding storage box and the rotating seeding tray. The soybean seeds fall into the seeding slots through the connecting pipe.

[0026] A sliding baffle is slidably disposed at the bottom of the sowing trough, and a drop groove is provided on the sliding baffle, the drop groove and the sowing trough being offset vertically;

[0027] A squeezing pusher is installed on the side of the sliding baffle. The squeezing pusher pushes the sliding baffle to move so that the upper and lower positions of the dropping trough and the sowing trough are aligned, and the soybean seeds can fall from the sowing trough into the soil through the dropping trough.

[0028] The number of the sliding baffle and the squeezing paddles corresponds to the number of planting rows in the x-direction.

[0029] Furthermore,

[0030] The connecting pipe is directly opposite the bottom of the seed storage box;

[0031] The width of the soybean seed is less than the inner width of the tube, but greater than half the inner width of the tube. The position of the sowing trough is far from the center of the rotating sowing disc. The inner holes of the sowing trough, the drop trough, and the tube are the same.

[0032] Furthermore,

[0033] The frame is bolted to a top crossbeam and a bottom crossbeam.

[0034] A first drive motor is installed on the top crossbeam, and a drive gear is connected to the output end of the first drive motor. A gear ring is provided on the side of the rotating seeding disc, and the gear ring meshes with the drive gear.

[0035] The upper surface of the rotating seeding disc abuts against the bottom end of the through pipe.

[0036] Furthermore,

[0037] The bottom crossbeam is provided with a long sliding groove, and a sliding shaft is slidably arranged in the long sliding groove. A pulley is connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft, and a sliding plate is connected to the top of the sliding shaft. The rotating seeding disc is mounted on the sliding plate through a rotating shaft.

[0038] A second drive motor is mounted on the frame, and a cam wheel is connected to the output end of the second drive motor. The side of the cam wheel abuts against the pulley.

[0039] The distances between the edge of the curved wheel and the output shaft of the second drive motor are different for each wheel, and the difference between the maximum and minimum distances between the edge of the curved wheel and the output shaft of the second drive motor is consistent with the inner diameter of the seeding trough.

[0040] Furthermore,

[0041] The skateboard is connected to a first connecting post, and the bottom crossbeam is connected to a second connecting post. The first connecting post and the second connecting post are connected by a connecting spring.

[0042] Furthermore,

[0043] A support plate is installed on the skateboard. The bottom of the support plate is connected to the upper surface of the skateboard, and its top supports the bottom surface of the rotating seeding tray. The rotating shaft passes through the support plate.

[0044] The outer diameter of the support plate is not less than the outer diameter of the rotating seeding plate;

[0045] The support plate has at least one slot, which is arranged along the length of the slide plate. The sliding baffle is slidably disposed in the slot. A long protrusion is provided in the slot. A side groove is provided in the sliding baffle. The long protrusion cooperates with the side groove and is slidably disposed in the side groove.

[0046] The slotted inner wall is connected to the sliding baffle by a compression spring.

[0047] Furthermore,

[0048] The extrusion type includes an extrusion plate mounted on a frame, the extrusion plate being bolted to the frame;

[0049] The extrusion plate corresponds to the sliding baffle plate, and the width of the extrusion plate is smaller than the width of the slot.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0051] In this invention, a wide-narrow row planting pattern is adopted, with a preset sowing density. The number of soybeans planted in the x-direction and the spacing between soybeans in the y-direction of each row are determined. Soybean seeds in the same row are sown at equal intervals according to the number of soybeans planted in the x-direction and the spacing between soybeans in the y-direction. The wide-narrow row planting pattern, combined with the equal intervals between adjacent rows within the same row, ensures that the soybean plants receive sufficient sunlight. Furthermore, the planting location is pre-calculated based on the planting density, which further avoids the problem of insufficient utilization of water and other environmental resources due to excessive spacing between plants. In addition, the equal intervals between adjacent rows reduce the area occupied by soil resources while ensuring planting density, thus making full use of the soil, optimizing the planting method, improving the full utilization of environmental resources between soybean rows, selecting soybean varieties that are tolerant to high density, increasing the soybean planting density, fully utilizing the production potential of individual plants, and thereby increasing the overall yield of soybeans. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for increasing density and reducing nitrogen in high-yield soybean cultivation, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of soybean seed distribution using equidistant planting in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of soybean seed distribution using equidistant planting in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of soybean seeds with a planting quantity of 2 in the x-direction of the planting row in this embodiment of the invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of soybean seeds with a planting quantity of 4 in the x-direction of the planting row in this embodiment of the invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the precision seeder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle;

[0060] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the structure of soybean seeds falling into the seeding trough from the central tube;

[0061] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of soybean seeds rotating with the seeding trough;

[0062] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the rotating seeding disc moves toward the side of the extrusion plate;

[0063] Figure 11 This is a top view of the rotating seeding disc in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of soybean seeds rotating with the seeding trough;

[0065] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the rotating seeding disc moves toward the side of the extrusion plate;

[0066] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support disk in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] The labels in the diagram represent the following:

[0068] 1-Frame; 2-Seed storage box; 3-Rotating seeding tray; 4-Seedling trough; 5-Passive pipe; 6-Soybean seeds; 7-Extrusion type pusher; 8-Sliding baffle; 9-Drop trough; 10-Top crossbeam; 11-Bottom crossbeam; 12-First drive motor; 13-Drive gear; 14-Gear ring; 15-Long slide groove; 16-Sliding shaft; 17-Pulley; 18-Slide plate; 19-Rotating shaft; 20-Second drive motor; 21-Curved wheel; 22-First connecting column; 23-Second connecting column; 24-Connecting spring; 25-Support plate; 26-Slotted; 27-Long protrusion; 28-Side groove; 29-Extrusion spring;

[0069] 71-Extruded plate. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for high-yield soybean planting with increased density and reduced nitrogen, comprising:

[0072] Select high-yielding, stress-resistant, and high-density-tolerant varieties as the soybeans to be sown, and coat and treat the soybean seeds of the soybeans to be sown with fungi.

[0073] Land preparation is carried out in advance based on a 3:1 wide-narrow row planting pattern;

[0074] Preset the sowing density to determine the number of plants in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row;

[0075] Sow soybean seeds in the same row at equal intervals according to the number of seeds planted in the x-direction and the spacing between seeds in the y-direction.

[0076] One-time pre-emergence herbicide application after sowing, followed by spraying of herbicides during the flowering and pod-filling stages, to implement chemical control and prevent stress and aging.

[0077] In this invention, a wide-narrow row planting pattern is adopted, with a preset sowing density. The number of soybeans planted in the x-direction and the spacing between them in the y-direction are determined. Soybean seeds in the same row are sown at equal intervals according to these parameters. This wide-narrow row planting pattern, combined with equal intervals between adjacent rows within the same row, ensures that the soybean plants receive sufficient sunlight. Furthermore, the planting location is pre-calculated based on the planting density, further preventing the underutilization of light, nutrients, and water resources caused by excessive spacing between plants. In addition, the equal intervals between adjacent rows reduce the area occupied by soil resources while maintaining planting density, thus fully utilizing the soil, optimizing the planting method, improving the utilization of environmental resources between soybean rows, selecting high-density soybean varieties, increasing soybean planting density, fully leveraging the production potential of individual plants, and ultimately increasing the overall soybean yield.

[0078] In practical applications, the first step is to select varieties and growth periods: select high-yielding, stress-resistant, and densely planted varieties with a long growth period and a long grain-filling period, and improve the utilization efficiency of temperature and light resources by sowing at a reasonable time, while avoiding high temperature damage during the flowering and pod-filling period of soybeans. At the same time, the grain-filling period should be synchronized with suitable light and temperature resources to achieve a combination of high yield and high quality.

[0079] Among them, varieties with different full growth periods should be selected according to different regions. For example, in the southern Huang-Huai-Hai region, soybean varieties with a full growth period of 100-110 days should be selected, with a sowing period of 6 / 10-6 / 20 and a harvest period of 9 / 25-10 / 10; in the northern Huang-Huai-Hai region, soybean varieties with a full growth period of 90-105 days should be selected, with a sowing period of 6 / 15-6 / 25 and a harvest period of 10 / 5-10 / 15.

[0080] Before sowing, soybean seeds are coated and treated with fungi. Seed coating agents such as 6.25% chlorpyrifos (Jingge), 7.4% difenoconazole, or 25% thiamethoxam (Maisuping) are used, plus 10 mL of protectant per acre and 15 mL of compound rhizobium agent. This treatment has a greater yield-increasing advantage than single-type soybean rhizobium, and can increase root nodulation and nitrogen fixation, thereby improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0081] The planting pattern is 3:1 wide-narrow row, with a row spacing of 60+20cm and a sowing density of 17,000 to 21,000 plants per mu.

[0082] The land is prepared using a rotary tiller and harrowing machine according to the pre-set width of the rows, and soybean seeds are sown using a precision seeder at a depth of 3-5 cm.

[0083] Apply a one-time pre-emergence herbicide (4% dichlorvos + 45% pendimethalin) after sowing, and then implement targeted pest, disease and weed control measures as needed.

[0084] Chemical control should be implemented during the flowering and podding stage. At the initial flowering stage, spray with 20ml of chlormequat chloride diluted in 20kg of water per mu, or spray with 50g of 15% paclobutrazol diluted in 40-50kg of water per mu to control excessive growth, promote robust growth, prevent lodging, and increase yield.

[0085] During the flowering and pod-filling stages, spraying urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 6-BA or brassinolide in conjunction with pest and disease control can improve the plant's resistance to adverse conditions, prevent premature aging, increase the number of effective pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, and the weight of 100 seeds, thereby increasing yield.

[0086] Soybeans should be harvested promptly after they are fully ripe.

[0087] The above planting methods can reduce the amount of nitrogen applied by about 25.0% compared to the conventional method, while keeping the soybean yield basically unchanged.

[0088] The invention will be explained below with reference to specific planting comparison experiments:

[0089] Among them, comparative document experiments were conducted in three different regions under the following different conditions: (1) planting without rhizobium inoculation, with equal row spacing and a planting density of 15,000 plants / mu; (2) planting with rhizobium inoculation, with wide and narrow row spacing and a planting density of 18,000 plants / mu. The specific experimental results are as follows:

[0090]

[0091] In summary, the soybean yield increased by 12.1% to 18.3% when inoculated with rhizobium, planted in wide and narrow rows, and with a higher planting density compared to the experimental results when not inoculated with rhizobium, planted with equal row spacing, and with a lower planting density.

[0092] In this invention, the preset sowing density and the determination of the number of plants in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row include:

[0093] Preset sowing density;

[0094] Calculate the number of plants per unit square meter based on the sowing density;

[0095] Experiment with each planting row in the x-direction, with planting quantities of 1, 2, ..., to determine the total number of plants per unit square meter in the y-direction;

[0096] The number of plants in the x-direction and the spacing between plants in the y-direction are determined based on the planting quantity per unit square meter.

[0097] Taking a sowing density of 17,000 to 21,000 plants per mu and a planting row width of 20 cm as an example, the number of plants planted per unit square meter can be calculated to be 25.5 to 31.5. The planting row length corresponding to the unit square meter is 5 m. Assuming that the number of plants planted in the x direction of the planting row is 1, then the number of plants planted in the y direction of the planting row is 15.5 to 31.5.

[0098] Assuming the number of soybean plants planted in the x-direction is 2, the maximum planting distance between two soybean plants is 0.2m (if the planting distance in the x-direction is 0.2m, then the planting distance in the y-direction is also 0.2m). Therefore, the number of soybean plants planted in the y-direction within 5m is 5 / 0.2+1=26. Thus, the minimum number of soybean plants planted per unit square meter is 26*2=52, which does not meet the condition of "the number of plants planted per unit square meter is 25.5~31.5".

[0099] Following this logic, it can be seen that planting 3, 4, etc., in the x-direction of the planting row cannot meet the above conditions. Therefore, based on the above deduction, it can be seen that the planting quantity in the x-direction of the planting row is 1, and the planting quantity in the y-direction of the planting row is 15.5~31.5. The corresponding planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row is calculated to be 0.345m~0.164m. Then, sowing is carried out according to the corresponding planting quantity in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row.

[0100] In addition, a precision seeder is used to sow soybean seeds in the same row at equal intervals, and adjacent rows of soybean seeds in the same planting row are sown at different positions in the y-direction to form a wavy row planting pattern. The sowing time interval and the number of seeds sown at a time of the precision seeder are adjusted according to the number of seeds sown in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row. The number of seeds sown at a time of the precision seeder is not greater than the number of seeds sown in the x-direction of the planting row.

[0101] The aforementioned "equal-spacing differential sowing" refers to the sowing of soybean seeds in adjacent rows of the same planting row at different positions in the y-direction to form a wavy row planting pattern, such as... Figure 4 As shown (where the dashed line represents the x-direction of the first planting row), for example, if the number of soybean seeds planted in the x-direction of the planting row is 2, then there is a certain positional difference between adjacent soybean seeds in the y-direction, such as... Figure 3 As shown, for example, if the number of soybean seeds planted in the x-direction is 3, there is a certain positional difference between adjacent soybean seeds in the y-direction. However, the positions of the first and third soybean seeds in the x-direction of the planting row are the same in the y-direction (the positional difference only exists in the x-direction). Figure 5As shown, for example, if the number of soybean seeds planted in the x-direction of a planting row is 4, there is a certain positional difference between adjacent soybean seeds in the y-direction. However, the positions of the first and third soybean seeds in the x-direction of the planting row are the same in the y-direction (there is only a positional difference in the x-direction), and the positions of the second and fourth soybean seeds in the x-direction of the planting row are the same in the y-direction (there is only a positional difference in the x-direction). It can also be seen that the same planting row forms a wavy planting pattern.

[0102] Taking a planting row x with 3 planting rows and 300 soybean seeds as an example, if Figure 2 As shown, using equidistant planting: assuming a planting spacing of 0.2m and a planting row of 100 plants in the y-direction, at least (0.2 + 0.2) * (99 * 0.2) = 7.92m is required. 2 Planting area.

[0103] Taking a planting row x with 3 planting rows and 300 soybean seeds as an example, if Figure 3 As shown, an equidistant planting method is used: assuming a planting spacing of 0.2m and 100 plants in the y-direction, if the directional line formed between adjacent soybean plants in the x-direction is at a 30° angle to the x-direction line, then the width occupied by the x-row is approximately 0.17 * 2 = 0.34m, and the y-direction planting length is 0.1 + (99 * 0.2) = 19.9m (where 0.1m is the extra length of the first x-direction planting row with its wavy direction). Therefore, the total required planting area is 0.34 * 19.9 = 6.766m². 2 .

[0104] As can be seen from the above example, planting with equal spacing can reduce the planting area by 15% compared to planting with equal spacing and equal position.

[0105] This invention also includes a precision seeder designed for use with differential planting, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the precision seeder has a frame 1, a rotating seeding disc 3, and a sliding baffle 8.

[0106] The seed storage box 2 is installed on the frame 1;

[0107] A rotating seeding tray 3 is installed at the bottom of the seeding storage box 2. Several seeding troughs 4 are opened on the rotating seeding tray 3. A connecting pipe 5 is installed between the seeding storage box 2 and the rotating seeding tray 3. Soybean seeds 6 fall into the seeding troughs 4 through the connecting pipe 5.

[0108] A sliding baffle 8 is slidably set at the bottom of the seeding trough 4. A drop trough 9 is opened on the sliding baffle 8, and the drop trough 9 and the seeding trough 4 are staggered in vertical position.

[0109] The squeezing type pusher 7 is installed on the side of the sliding baffle 8. The squeezing type pusher 7 pushes the sliding baffle 8 to move so that the upper and lower positions of the drop trough 9 and the sowing trough 4 are aligned, and the soybean seeds 6 can fall from the sowing trough 4 into the soil through the drop trough 9. The number of sliding baffle 8 and squeezing type pusher 7 corresponds to the number of planting rows in the x direction.

[0110] When the number of planting rows in the x-direction is 1, 2, or 3, the number of sliding baffles 8 and squeezing pushers 7 corresponds to the number of planting rows in the x-direction. When the number of planting rows in the x-direction is 4, the planting steps need to be adjusted. The first three planting rows in the x-direction can be planted all at once, and then the fourth planting can be done separately (because the arc-shaped planting groove 4 on the rotating seeding disc 3 can only match the direction of the first 3 planting rows in the x-direction). When the number of planting rows in the x-direction is 5, 6, etc., the first three planting rows in the x-direction can be planted first, and then the first three planting rows in the y-direction can be completed before returning to the next few planting rows in the same way. The planting process for the next few soybean seeds may require changing the direction to match the corresponding wavy direction, depending on the actual situation.

[0111] In addition to the above, the precision seeder is also designed as follows: the through pipe 5 is directly opposite the bottom of the seed storage box 2; the width of the soybean seed 6 is less than the internal width of the through pipe 5 but greater than half the internal width of the through pipe 5; the position of the seed trough 4 is far away from the center of the rotating seeding disc 3; and the inner holes of the seed trough 4, the drop trough 9 and the through pipe 5 are consistent.

[0112] The above design ensures that the seeding trough 4, the drop trough 9, and the connecting pipe 5 can only accommodate one soybean seed at a single horizontal height.

[0113] A top crossbeam 10 and a bottom crossbeam 11 are bolted onto the frame 1. A first drive motor 12 is mounted on the top crossbeam 10. A drive gear 13 is connected to the output end of the first drive motor 12. A gear ring 14 is provided on the side of the rotating seeding disc 3. The gear ring 14 meshes with the drive gear 13. The upper surface of the rotating seeding disc 3 abuts against the bottom end of the through pipe 5.

[0114] The first drive motor 12 drives the gear ring 14 to rotate via the drive gear 13, which in turn drives the rotating seeding disc 3 to rotate, causing the soybean seeds that have fallen into the seeding trough 4 to rotate to the side away from the pipe 5.

[0115] A long slide groove 15 is provided on the bottom crossbeam 11. A slide shaft 16 is slidably arranged in the long slide groove 15. A pulley 17 is connected to the bottom of the slide shaft 16. A slide plate 18 is connected to the top of the slide shaft 16. The rotating seeding disc 3 is mounted on the slide plate 18 through a rotating shaft 19. A second drive motor 20 is installed on the frame 1. A cam wheel 21 is connected to the output end of the second drive motor 20. The side of the cam wheel 21 abuts against the pulley 17.

[0116] The distances between the edge of the curved wheel 21 and the output shaft of the second drive motor 20 are different, and the difference between the maximum and minimum distances between the edge of the curved wheel 21 and the output shaft of the second drive motor 20 is consistent with the internal diameter of the seeding trough 4.

[0117] The curved wheel 21 is equivalent to an eccentric wheel. During rotation, it can drive the sliding shaft 16 to slide through the pulley 17, thereby driving the skateboard 18 to move. The skateboard 18 is connected to the first connecting post 22, and the bottom crossbeam 11 is connected to the second connecting post 23. The first connecting post 22 and the second connecting post 23 are connected by a connecting spring 24. Under the action of the connecting spring 24, the pulley 17 is always in contact with the outer periphery of the curved wheel 21.

[0118] In the initial state, the seeding trough 4 and the drop trough 9 are just offset. The difference between the maximum and minimum distances between the edge of the curved wheel 21 and the output shaft of the second drive motor 20 is approximately equal to the distance that drives the sliding plate 18 to move. Therefore, the distance that drives the sliding plate 18 to slide is the inner diameter of the seeding trough 4.

[0119] A support plate 25 is installed on the slide plate 18. The bottom of the support plate 25 is connected to the upper surface of the slide plate 18, and its top supports the bottom surface of the rotating seeding plate 3. The rotating shaft 19 passes through the support plate 25, and the outer diameter of the support plate 25 is not less than the outer diameter of the rotating seeding plate 3.

[0120] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, at least one slot 26 is provided on the support plate 25. The slot 26 is connected both vertically and horizontally. The slot 26 is arranged along the length of the slide plate 18. The sliding baffle 8 is slidably disposed within the slot 26. Figure 14 As shown, a long protrusion 27 is provided in the slot 26, and a side groove 28 is provided in the sliding baffle 8. The long protrusion 27 cooperates with the side groove 28, and the long protrusion 27 is slidably disposed in the side groove 28. The inner wall of the slot 26 and the sliding baffle 8 are connected by a compression spring 29.

[0121] The extrusion type lever 7 includes an extrusion plate 71 mounted on the frame 1. The extrusion plate 71 is mounted on the frame 1 by bolts. The extrusion plate 71 corresponds to the sliding baffle 8. The width of the extrusion plate 71 is smaller than the width of the slot 26.

[0122] In the initial state, the pressing plate 71 is in contact with the sliding baffle 8. When the sliding plate 18 moves away from the pipe 5, the rotating seeding disc 3 moves accordingly, while the pressing plate 71 remains stationary. Therefore, the pressing plate 71 gradually presses the sliding baffle 8. The pressing distance is the sliding distance of the sliding plate 18, which is the distance between the inside of the seeding trough 4. After the sliding baffle 8 is pressed, the dropping trough 9 moves a certain distance and then corresponds vertically with the seeding trough 4. At this time, the soybean seeds can fall from the seeding trough 4 into the dropping trough 9 and then fall into the soil.

[0123] In summary, the main seeding process of a precision seeder is as follows:

[0124] Taking the requirement of planting 3 soybeans at a time as an example, such as Figure 8 As shown, soybean seeds 6 fall into the sowing trough 4 from the pipe 5 under the action of gravity. The first drive motor 12 drives the gear ring 14 to rotate through the drive gear 13, thereby rotating the rotating sowing disc 3. Figure 9 As shown, the soybean seeds falling into the seeding trough 4 are rotated to the side away from the tube 5, and the empty seeding trough 4 is gradually rotated to below the tube 5.

[0125] As the three soybean seeds 6 to be sown gradually rotate to the side closer to the extrusion plate 71 during the above process, the second drive motor 20 drives the cam wheel 21 to rotate. The rotation of the cam wheel 21 gradually drives the sliding shaft 16 to slide through the pulley 17, thereby driving the slide plate 18 to move.

[0126] like Figure 10 As shown, when the sliding plate 18 moves away from the pipe 5, the rotating seeding disc 3 moves accordingly, the squeezing plate 71 gradually squeezes the sliding baffle plate 8, and the drop trough 9 moves a certain distance and then corresponds to the seeding trough 4 vertically. At this time, soybean seeds can fall from the seeding trough 4 into the drop trough 9 and then fall into the soil.

[0127] The above is just the process of laying soybean seeds in a specific location on the soil. In the actual implementation process, the precision seeder also has a fertilization structure (applying fertilizer to the side and below the soybean seeds) and a soil covering and compaction device (responsible for covering the sown seeds with a layer of soil of uniform thickness and compacting it).

[0128] In addition, the precision seeder is equipped with a mounting arm, movable wheels and other structures at the front end. The mounting arm is connected to the tractor, which drives the precision seeder to move on the planting rows.

[0129] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for high-yield soybean cultivation with increased planting density and reduced nitrogen, characterized in that, A precision seeder is used to sow soybean seeds in the same row at equal intervals, and adjacent rows of soybean seeds in the same row are sown at different positions in the y direction to form a wavy row planting pattern. The precision seeder's sowing time interval and single sowing quantity are adjusted according to the number of plants in the x-direction of the planting row and the planting spacing in the y-direction of the planting row. Wherein, the number of seeds sown in a single operation by the precision seeder is no greater than the number of seeds sown in the same direction as the planting row x; The precision seeder has the following features: The frame (1) is equipped with a seed storage box (2); A rotating seeding tray (3) is installed at the bottom of the seeding storage box (2). Several seeding troughs (4) are provided on the rotating seeding tray (3). A connecting pipe (5) is installed between the seeding storage box (2) and the rotating seeding tray (3). The soybean seeds (6) fall into the seeding troughs (4) through the connecting pipe (5). A sliding baffle (8) is slidably disposed at the bottom of the sowing trough (4). A drop groove (9) is provided on the sliding baffle (8). The drop groove (9) and the sowing trough (4) are staggered vertically. A squeezing pusher (7) is installed on the side of a sliding baffle (8). The squeezing pusher (7) pushes the sliding baffle (8) to move so that the drop trough (9) and the sowing trough (4) are aligned vertically and the soybean seeds (6) can fall from the sowing trough (4) into the soil through the drop trough (9). The number of the sliding baffle (8) and the squeezing paddle (7) corresponds to the number of planting rows in the x direction.

2. The method for high-yield soybean planting with increased density and reduced nitrogen as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The through pipe (5) is directly opposite the bottom of the seed storage box (2); The width of the soybean seed (6) is less than the internal width of the tube (5) and greater than half the internal width of the tube (5). The position of the sowing trough (4) is far from the center of the rotating sowing disc (3). The inner holes of the sowing trough (4), the drop trough (9) and the tube (5) are the same.

3. The method for high-yield soybean planting with increased density and reduced nitrogen as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is bolted with a top crossbeam (10) and a bottom crossbeam (11). A first drive motor (12) is installed on the top crossbeam (10), and a drive gear (13) is connected to the output end of the first drive motor (12). A gear ring (14) is provided on the side of the rotating seeding disc (3), and the gear ring (14) meshes with the drive gear (13). The upper surface of the rotating seeding disc (3) abuts against the bottom end of the tube (5).

4. The method for increasing density and reducing nitrogen in high-yield soybean planting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom crossbeam (11) is provided with a long sliding groove (15), and a sliding shaft (16) is slidably arranged in the long sliding groove (15). The bottom of the sliding shaft (16) is connected to a pulley (17), and the top of the sliding shaft (16) is connected to a sliding plate (18). The rotating seeding disc (3) is installed on the sliding plate (18) through a rotating shaft (19). A second drive motor (20) is installed on the frame (1), and a cam wheel (21) is connected to the output end of the second drive motor (20). The side of the cam wheel (21) abuts against the pulley (17). The distances between the edge of the curved wheel (21) and the output shaft of the second drive motor (20) are different for each of them. The difference between the maximum and minimum distances between the edge of the curved wheel (21) and the output shaft of the second drive motor (20) is consistent with the internal diameter of the seeding trough (4).

5. The method for increasing density and reducing nitrogen in high-yield soybean planting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slide plate (18) is connected to a first connecting post (22), and the bottom crossbeam (11) is connected to a second connecting post (23). The first connecting post (22) and the second connecting post (23) are connected by a connecting spring (24).

6. The method for increasing density and reducing nitrogen in high-yield soybean planting according to claim 5, characterized in that, A support plate (25) is installed on the slide plate (18). The bottom of the support plate (25) is connected to the upper surface of the slide plate (18), and its top supports the bottom surface of the rotating seeding plate (3). The rotating shaft (19) passes through the support plate (25). The outer diameter of the support plate (25) is not less than the outer diameter of the rotating seeding plate (3); At least one slot (26) is provided on the support plate (25). The slot (26) is arranged along the length direction of the slide plate (18). The sliding baffle (8) is slidably disposed in the slot (26). A long protrusion (27) is provided in the slot (26). A side groove (28) is provided in the sliding baffle (8). The long protrusion (27) cooperates with the side groove (28). The long protrusion (27) is slidably disposed in the side groove (28). The inner wall of the slot (26) is connected to the sliding baffle (8) by a compression spring (29).

7. The method for increasing density and reducing nitrogen in high-yield soybean planting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The extrusion type lever (7) includes an extrusion plate (71) mounted on a frame (1), the extrusion plate (71) being bolted to the frame (1); The extrusion plate (71) corresponds to the sliding baffle plate (8), and the width of the extrusion plate (71) is smaller than the width of the slot (26).

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