Shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment and fermentation method

Abstract

A shallow tray solid-state aerobic fermentation equipment and a fermentation method, the fermentation equipment comprising: a distribution unit, having a first conveying device, and a distribution tray dismantling machine, a distribution bin, a feed tray stacking machine, and an external elevator are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device; a feeding and discharging unit, having a double-layer second conveying device, the second conveying device comprising a feed conveyor located at the upper layer and a discharge conveyor located at the lower layer; a cultivation unit, having an upper cultivation cabin, a lower cultivation cabin and a double-layer third conveying device, a discharging unit, having a fourth conveying device docked with the discharge conveyor outlet, and a discharging tray dismantling machine, a tray turning mechanism, a receiving hopper and a transfer tray stacking machine arranged along the fourth conveying device. The device of the present invention ensures the fluidity of the air inside the equipment, regulates the air and temperature and humidity of the internal space of the fermentation equipment, and at the same time improves the efficiency of the fermentation equipment and the quality of the fermented product from multiple aspects such as process complexity, equipment energy consumption, space and time efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid-state aerobic fermentation, and in particular to a shallow-plate solid-state aerobic fermentation device and a fermentation method. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state fermentation refers to a method of cultivating microorganisms on a solid, semi-solid or nutrient-rich inert carrier. Compared with liquid fermentation, the solid-state fermentation process has less "three wastes" emissions, less environmental pollution, lower energy consumption, and less equipment investment. The post-processing process of the product is generally simpler. Many products can be directly dried without extraction. The products are easy to store and transport, and have good stability. However, due to the low mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency in traditional solid-state fermentation, problems such as low efficiency have not been well solved in industrial-scale production, which has largely restricted the development of solid-state fermentation technology.

[0003] The tray bioreactor is the simplest type of solid fermentation reactor. By increasing the number of trays, large-scale production can be easily achieved. Invention CN1434113A discloses a meteorological dual-dynamic solid fermentation technology and a fermentation device thereof, including: placing the solid material to be fermented in a dual-dynamic environment of pressure pulsation and circulating air for solid fermentation; the fermentation device includes a horizontal cylindrical tank with a quick-opening door, an axially placed rectangular spacer cylinder with a square cross section composed of four partitions is arranged in the tank, a cooling pipe parallel to the partition is arranged in the space between the partition and the tank wall, and multiple groups of cooling pipes arranged horizontally in the center of the spacer cylinder, an axial fixed track is arranged on the lower partition in the tank, a movable tray rack that can roll on it is installed on the track, and a multi-layer shallow tray is arranged on the tray rack, and a centrifugal blower for forcing the gas circulation in the tank is arranged at the rear of the tank. The fermentation device is a pressure pulsation solid-state fermentation reactor, which has a relatively complex structure and high initial investment and operating costs, making it difficult to expand to an industrial scale. In addition, the device needs to be repeatedly pressurized and released during the fermentation process, which is not conducive to the growth and metabolism of sensitive strains.

[0004] Invention CN100999708A discloses an automatic feeding-discharging closed solid fermentation tank and fermentation process, which includes a tank body with a feeding port, a discharging port and an air inlet, a jacket with an inlet and an outlet, a shallow plate, a central axis, a high-pressure nozzle, a motor and a transmission device. The shallow plate is provided with a 30°-75° fan-shaped notch and is welded and fixed on the inner wall of the fermentation tank. The shallow plate has a plurality of vertically penetrating small holes. The central axis vertically moves through each layer of shallow plates. The upper end of the central axis is connected to a hydraulic device that can lift it in the vertical direction. At the same time, the central axis is also connected to a transmission device that can rotate it in the horizontal direction. A scraper fixedly connected to the central axis is provided above each layer of shallow plates. The device realizes feeding, fermentation and unloading in the same tank body. The latter batch of fermented materials needs to wait for the previous batch to complete unloading before it can start feeding. When it is applied to large-scale production, the production efficiency is low.

[0005] In general, the advantages of shallow tray bioreactors include: easy exchange of substances and energy with the outside world, easy mass transfer, heat transfer, and gas transfer, and good bacterial growth. Disadvantages include: low degree of automation in the whole process, manual filling and placement, high labor intensity, low work efficiency, and easy contamination; improving automation will easily lead to complex device structure. Therefore, the current shallow tray bioreactors cannot meet the requirements of continuous sterile solid-state fermentation production.

[0006] How to improve the solid-state fermentation equipment and process, improve the overall automation level of the equipment in terms of process complexity, equipment time and energy consumption, space occupied, etc., and at the same time ensure the quality of the fermented products by adjusting technical indicators such as the air, temperature, humidity, and oxygen content in the internal space, improve the economic benefits of the fermentation equipment, and reduce production costs, is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a shallow tray solid-state aerobic fermentation equipment and a fermentation method, which realizes fully automatic solid-state aerobic fermentation through assembly line layout and intelligent control system, and combines the advantages of shallow tray biological reaction mode such as simple structure, smooth internal airflow and energy exchange, and stable bacterial quality, thereby improving the efficiency of fermentation equipment and the quality of fermentation products in terms of manual labor intensity, equipment structure and energy consumption, space and time efficiency, etc.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment, comprising: a material distribution unit, a material inlet and outlet unit, a cultivation unit, a material discharge unit, a plurality of shallow trays transported in the above units and stackable, and a control unit;

[0009] The material distributing unit comprises a first conveying device, and a material dismantling machine, a material distributing bin, a material feeding palletizing machine, an external elevator and a high-position conveying section are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device;

[0010] The feeding and discharging unit has a double-layer second conveying device, which includes a feeding conveyor located at the upper layer and a discharging conveyor located at the lower layer; the inlet of the feeding conveyor is connected to the high-level conveying section of the material distribution unit;

[0011] The culture unit comprises an upper culture cabin, a lower culture cabin and a double-layer third conveying device, wherein the third conveying device comprises an upper conveyor penetrating the upper culture cabin and a lower conveyor penetrating the lower culture cabin; the upper conveyor is connected to the feed conveyor of the upper layer of the feed-in and feed-out unit, and the lower conveyor is connected to the discharge conveyor of the lower layer of the feed-in and feed-out unit; the upper conveyor and the lower conveyor are connected via an internal elevator;

[0012] The unloading unit has a fourth conveying device connected to the outlet of the discharging conveyor, and a unloading pallet dismantling machine, a pallet turning mechanism, a receiving hopper and a transfer pallet stacking machine arranged along the fourth conveying device;

[0013] The material distribution unit, material inlet and outlet unit, cultivation unit and material discharge unit are respectively connected with the control unit by signal.

[0014] Preferably, the conveying devices are all roller-type conveying devices, and a lifting and translation mechanism or a lift can be optionally used at the docking position of the conveying device.

[0015] The roller conveyor device is particularly suitable for smoothly transporting single-layer or stacked fermentation shallow trays. At the same time, the use of a lifting and translating mechanism or an elevator at the docking position of the conveyor device can change the position of the shallow tray or shallow tray group in space. For example, the shallow tray or shallow tray group can be raised or lowered by the elevator, and the internal elevator used between the upper conveyor and the lower conveyor of the culture unit is connected; the lifting and translating mechanism can also be set at a corresponding position to the end or middle of the upstream conveyor device, which is used to change the transportation direction of the shallow tray or shallow tray group, reduce the turning space, and effectively avoid collision between particles in the material tray due to inertia when the shallow tray turns in a conventional turning track, thereby affecting the mycelium generation.

[0016] The shallow tray used in the present invention preferably uses a PP material grid-shaped plastic shallow tray with a length × width × height of (700-1000mm) × (500-700mm) × (50-100mm). It has the characteristics of light weight, acid and alkali resistance, high and low temperature resistance, etc. It is strong and durable, has good air permeability and reusability, and has low cost of use. When used as an aerobic fermentation tray, the material inside can only be laid 2-3cm, avoiding the problems of traditional fermentation due to the need to turn over the thick material, which consumes manpower and pollutes the material. At the same time, when the trays are stacked and ventilated, the air does not need to pass through the material layer, but only needs to pass through the gaps between the trays to achieve excellent ventilation and air exchange effects. The size of the shallow tray is selected according to the needs of the conveying device and the size of each unit, and is not limited to the aforementioned size range if necessary.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a transfer unit connected to the control unit signal, the transfer unit has a fifth conveying device, and an empty plate disinfection device arranged along the fifth conveying device, the inlet of the fifth conveying device is connected to the outlet of the fourth conveying device of the unloading unit, and the outlet of the fifth conveying device is connected to the inlet of the first conveying device of the distribution unit.

[0018] The setting of the transfer unit connects the unloading unit and the distribution unit front to back, forming a closed loop of full-process automatic control, so that the shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment of the present invention can meet the needs of large-scale fully automatic production without human intervention.

[0019] Preferably, the culture unit includes an insulated box, and a temperature and humidity ventilation system, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor arranged in the insulated box and connected to the control unit signal, to provide constant temperature, humidity and oxygen control for the insulated box, and the upper culture cabin and the lower culture cabin are arranged in the insulated box. The culture unit adopts a double-layer design, with the inlet and outlet at the same end, upper inlet and lower outlet, respectively docked with the feed conveyor and the discharge conveyor of the upper layer of the inlet and outlet unit; at the other end, the upper conveyor and the lower conveyor are vertically connected and docked through an internal elevator. Preferably, an observation and maintenance door is set at one end of the elevator. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor and carbon dioxide sensor can be respectively selected to set at least two groups of temperature probes, at least two groups of humidity probes and at least two groups of carbon dioxide probes at equal distances in the insulated box, for providing real-time environmental parameters in the cabin.

[0020] Preferably, in the material distribution unit, the first conveying device is a parallel double-row conveying device, and a double-row material distribution tray dismantling machine, a double-row material distribution bin, a double-row material feeding tray machine, a double-row external elevator and a double-row high-position conveying section are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device;

[0021] In the feeding and discharging unit, the double-layer second conveying device is a double-layer single-row conveying device;

[0022] In the culture unit, the double-layer third conveying device is a double-layer double-row conveying device, including a double-row upper conveyor penetrating the upper culture cabin, and a double-row lower conveyor penetrating the lower culture cabin; at one end of the culture unit away from the feeding and discharging unit, corresponding to the upper culture cabin and the lower culture cabin, double-row internal elevators connecting the double-row upper conveyor and the double-row lower conveyor are respectively arranged;

[0023] The unloading unit and the transfer unit are respectively provided with a low-position single-row fourth conveying device and a low-position single-row fifth conveying device.

[0024] The material distribution unit adopts a parallel double-row design, which distributes the single-layer shallow trays removed by the tray dismantling machine in sequence, and then stacks the trays, which can quickly and massively transport the stacked shallow trays to the downstream feeding and unloading units. In addition, according to the scale and needs of the feeding and unloading units and the cultivation units, multiple groups of material distribution units can be set in parallel to continuously complete the material distribution and feeding.

[0025] Preferably, a germination box is provided above the double-row distributing bin of the distributing unit, a temperature sensor is provided inside the germination box, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom. The material is germinated at a constant temperature in the germination box. When the temperature in the germination box begins to rise, it indicates that the germination of the material is finished, and the discharge port is opened to discharge the material, and the material is discharged into the double-row distributing bin to wait for distributing.

[0026] Preferably, in the insulated box, double rows of upper culture cabins are provided, which correspond to double rows of upper conveyors respectively; double rows of lower culture cabins are provided, which correspond to double rows of lower conveyors respectively. Insulated plates are provided on the top, bottom and both sides of the insulated box.

[0027] After the double-row conveyor device enters the upper conveyor device of the feed unit and turns, it changes from a side-by-side position relationship to a front-to-back position relationship. When transported to the entrance of the upper culture cabin of the culture unit, it turns 90° through the lifting and translation mechanism, and changes to a side-by-side position relationship again to enter the double-row upper culture cabin respectively, and transports side by side to one end of the double-row internal elevator. The double-row internal elevator sequentially lowers the shallow tray group transported by the upper culture cabin to the corresponding double-row lower conveyor to enter the lower culture cabin. Repeat the above process until the upper and lower culture cabins are neatly filled with shallow tray groups, close the feed and discharge cabin doors to form a closed space for the insulation box, and start the cultivation link. After the cultivation is completed, the lower conveyor starts, and the lifting and translation mechanism turns 90° to transport the shallow tray group side by side to the discharge conveyor of the lower layer of the feed and discharge unit, and transports it in a single row to the unloading unit. At the same time, the double-row internal elevator is linked to lower the shallow tray group in the upper culture cabin after cultivation and transport it to the exit direction of the lower culture cabin in sequence.

[0028] Preferably, the temperature and humidity ventilation system includes an adjustable temperature and humidity air inlet device, an upper air supply box and a lower air supply box arranged on the inner wall of the heat preservation box, and an upper air duct in the middle of the double-row upper conveyor and a lower air duct in the middle of the double-row lower conveyor;

[0029] The upper air supply box and the lower air supply box are respectively connected to the temperature and humidity air inlet device to deliver air with set temperature, humidity and / or speed;

[0030] The upper air induced draft duct corresponds to the upper air supply box, and the lower air induced draft duct corresponds to the lower air supply box.

[0031] The upper air supply box and the lower air supply box are equidistantly arranged on both sides of the culture unit, and the upper and lower air ducts are respectively arranged on the central axis of the corresponding double-row conveying device, and a plurality of air inlets are arranged thereon, and the air inlets on the same layer correspond to the air supply box. The air transported by the air supply box is sucked into the air inlet through the air inlet arranged on the air inlet duct and guided to the outside of the incubator. This circulating air supply method can provide good ventilation effect for the culture cabin, and the culture environment in each shallow tray is very small, which is conducive to obtaining fermentation products with uniform and stable quality.

[0032] Preferably, the temperature and humidity air inlet device includes a blower, a heat exchanger, a humidification chamber, and an optional one-way check valve, a filter, and an air inlet mesh. The humidification chamber is connected to the optional humidifier. It is also preferred that a water tank is provided at the bottom of the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber of the heat preservation box, respectively, and the upper air supply box and the lower air supply box are respectively connected to the air outlet of the blower. The temperature and humidity air inlet device of the present invention is used to supply clean air with set temperature, humidity, air volume and other conditions into the heat preservation box to meet the needs of fermentation culture of the culture unit and ensure product quality.

[0033] The present invention forms a negative pressure by arranging an air duct at the central axis of the parallel conveying unit, so that the exhaust air of the blower forms a stable air duct to ventilate the culture chamber. Compared with the traditional ventilation method, this method avoids turning over the culture medium, improves the controllability and production efficiency of the production process, and greatly reduces energy consumption.

[0034] Preferably, there are multiple groups of culture units, which are arranged in sequence along the double-layer second conveying device of the feeding and discharging unit; each culture unit is connected to the control unit by signal, and independently performs constant temperature, humidity and oxygen regulation.

[0035] Since the work of the culture unit is time-consuming, in order to better adapt to the work efficiency of the material distribution unit, the feeding and discharging unit, etc., the culture unit can be set in parallel in multiple groups according to actual production needs, such as 2 groups, 4 groups or more. Each group of culture cabins is an independent culture space, and when necessary, the purpose of simultaneous and separate culture of multiple strains can be achieved. When the front culture cabin is full of culture shallow tray groups, the culture cabin closes the hatch and starts fermentation, and the subsequent culture shallow tray groups enter the next culture cabin, and the above process is repeated in sequence. The control unit reasonably sets the relationship between the feeding speed and the culture time according to the fermentation time of different strains, so that the operation of the feeding and discharging unit is adapted to the overall time consumption of the culture unit. For example, when the first culture cabin is loaded and occupies the upper feeding conveyor, the second culture cabin completes fermentation and unloads and occupies the lower discharging conveyor. At this time, the remaining culture cabins are in the fermentation stage; afterwards, when the second culture cabin is unloaded and disinfected and starts the next round of loading and occupies the upper feeding conveyor, one of the remaining culture cabins opens and unloads and occupies the lower discharging conveyor; at this time, the first culture cabin and other culture cabins are in the fermentation stage. By analogy, the upper feeding conveyor and the lower discharging conveyor of the feeding and discharging unit can be fully utilized, and there is no risk of collision of the shallow tray group due to simultaneous feeding or discharging of multiple culture chambers. In addition, in the case of different fermentation times for different strains, the control unit can calculate the number of activated culture units and the conveying speed of each conveying device according to the production requirements and other conditions. The above method enables the equipment to achieve continuous production, which can effectively improve the equipment utilization efficiency and production efficiency.

[0036] In a second aspect, in order to utilize the aforementioned fermentation equipment more efficiently and automatically, the present invention further provides a fermentation method using the shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1 fabric steps:

[0038] A plurality of transfer trays are transported to the material dismantling machine through the first transport device, so that the trays are transported to the bottom of the material distributing bin in a single-layer arrangement, and the material distributing bin distributes materials to the trays at a uniform speed;

[0039] The shallow trays after spreading are stacked by the feeding stacking machine to form a culture shallow tray group with 15-30 layers;

[0040] The culture tray group is lifted to the high-level conveying section by an external elevator and then enters the loading and unloading unit;

[0041] S2 feeding and discharging and cultivation steps:

[0042] A plurality of culture tray groups sequentially enter the upper conveyor of the third conveyor through the upper feed conveyor of the second conveyor, and enter the lower conveyor through the internal elevator to fill the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber of the culture unit;

[0043] Stack the trays to fill the upper and lower culture chambers of the culture unit and close the doors of the culture chambers.

[0044] The control system is used to regulate the culture chamber to enter a culture environment with constant temperature, humidity and oxygen;

[0045] The culture tray groups that have been cultured enter the discharging conveyor at the lower level of the second conveying device from the lower conveyor in sequence, and then enter the unloading unit;

[0046] S3 unloading steps:

[0047] The culture tray group enters the unloading tray dismantling machine through the fourth transport device, so that the trays are sent to the flip tray mechanism in a single-layer arrangement, and the flip tray mechanism pours the materials in the trays into the receiving hopper. The trays separated by the trays are stacked and stacked by the transfer tray stacking machine to form a transfer tray group, so that the transfer tray group enters the transfer unit;

[0048] The materials are transported from the receiving hopper to the drying chamber for low-temperature drying;

[0049] S4 transport disinfection steps:

[0050] The transfer tray group enters the empty tray cleaning device through the fifth transport device, where the transfer tray group is cleaned, disinfected and dried, and then the transfer tray group enters the entrance of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit.

[0051] This fermentation method demonstrates the overall process from material distribution, material input and output, cultivation to material tray separation, empty tray transportation and PLC electronic control. On the basis of the fermentation equipment, on the one hand, the whole process uses roller conveying to provide power, and cooperates with plastic grid-shaped shallow trays. On the basis of coding, disassembling, distribution, ventilation and roller transportation, automatic distribution, automatic transportation, constant temperature, constant humidity and constant oxygen cultivation, automatic material tray separation and other links are realized. On the other hand, according to the aforementioned fermentation equipment and fermentation method, the present invention correspondingly sets a control unit to perform full-process detection and control, which can effectively eliminate the existing cumbersome manual labor and realize mechanical automation and intelligent operation process.

[0052] The above-mentioned feeding and unloading steps can be carried out simultaneously: when the culture is completed, the upper and lower doors of the culture chamber are opened, and the stacked trays enter the lower conveying device of the feeding and unloading unit from the lower culture layer, and at the same time, the next batch of trays to be cultured enter the culture chamber from the upper culture layer. However, according to the fermentation situation and needs, an interval of sterilization and disinfection can be left between unloading and feeding to ensure the quality of the product.

[0053] In addition, except for the static state of the materials in the culture chamber during the culture period, the present invention is a dynamic circulation process as a whole, and each link has a low idle time and high production efficiency. During the culture period, the fermentation of the materials can be observed from the door of the culture chamber, and the materials will be fully tested at multiple stages such as after leaving the chamber and after unloading to strictly control product quality.

[0054] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0055] (1) The present invention uses a plastic mesh breathable shallow tray that is easy to stack and disassemble, and uses a roller conveyor device to stack a single layer of shallow trays into a shallow tray group, and then transport it to an insulated box for stacked fermentation. The fermentation equipment and its process structure are compact, achieve the maximum utilization of plane space and three-dimensional space, and effectively improve the fermentation efficiency. Secondly, by using shallow tray stacking fermentation, the culture medium in the tray does not need to be turned over to avoid damage to the mycelium during the turning of the culture medium, and at the same time achieve an excellent ventilation effect.

[0056] (2) The present invention arranges ventilation boxes on both sides of the double-row conveying device in the heat preservation box, arranges an air duct on the central axis of the conveying device, and provides air ducts thereon with air ducts corresponding to the ventilation boxes, thereby improving the internal air circulation efficiency. During ventilation, the air does not need to pass through the material layer, but can directly pass through the gaps between the stacked material trays, thereby improving the controllability and production efficiency of the production process and greatly reducing energy consumption.

[0057] (3) The present invention seamlessly connects the transport devices of each unit through an elevator and a lifting and translation mechanism, thereby reducing unnecessary turning of the material tray during transportation. There is no need for manual transmission of the material tray between the various units. The culture unit can be equipped with multiple parallel culture chambers that match the input and output units according to actual production capacity requirements, thereby realizing automatic transportation and continuous operation of the culture medium, greatly improving the equipment production rhythm and production efficiency, and reducing labor costs.

[0058] (4) By adding material sterilization and inoculation germination facilities in front of the material distribution bin and adding material drying facilities after the material tray separation section, the four stages of material sterilization, germination, cultivation and drying can be relatively separated. On the basis of mutual connection, they can operate independently. At the same time, with the assistance of heat recovery facilities, the production efficiency can be maximized, the energy consumption per unit of production capacity can be minimized, and the labor cost can be minimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shallow tray solid-state aerobic fermentation equipment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat preservation box of the culture unit of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 is a top view of the culture unit of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature and humidity air inlet device of the culture unit of the present invention.

[0063] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1-fabricating unit, 11-fabricating tray dismantling machine, 12-fabricating bin, 13-feeding tray machine, 14-elevator, 3-cultivating unit, 31-insulating box, 32-elevator, 33-temperature and humidity air inlet device, 331-air blower, 332-heat exchanger, 333-humidifying chamber, 334-one-way check valve, 335-filter, 336-air inlet mesh, 34-air outlet, 35-air supply box, 351-upper air supply box, 352-lower air supply box, 361-upper conveyor, 362-lower conveyor, 37-water tank, 38-draft duct, 381-upper draft duct, 382-lower draft duct, 39-insulation board, 4-unloading unit, 41-unloading and palletizing machine, 42-pallet flipping mechanism, 43-transfer and palletizing machine, 5-transfer unit, 6-control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings, and "multiple" generally includes at least two.

[0066] It should also be noted that the term "includes", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the commodity or device including the elements.

[0067] See attached Figure 1-4 , a shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment, preferably but not limited to using a PP material grid-shaped plastic shallow tray with a length × width × height of (700-1000mm) × (500-700mm) × (50-100mm), comprising:

[0068] (1) Material distribution unit 1: having a first conveying device, and a material distribution pallet disassembling machine 11, a material distribution bin 12, a material feeding palletizing machine 13, an external elevator 14 and a high-level conveying section 15 are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device;

[0069] In the material distribution unit 1, the first conveying device is a parallel double-row conveying device, and a double-row material distribution tray dismantling machine 11, a double-row material distribution bin 12, a double-row material feeding tray machine 13, a double-row external elevator 14 and a double-row high-position conveying section 15 are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device;

[0070] The material distributing unit may also include a germination box arranged above the distributing bin 12. The germination box has a built-in thermometer, the bottom can be fully opened for unloading, and there is a cover on the top. When the temperature of the material in the germination box begins to rise, the material germination is completed, and the shallow tray distributing operation begins. There are two types of connections between the germination box and the distributing bin 12. One is the track unloading type. The germination box runs on the track from receiving the material to entering the germination room and then to the unloading area. The unloading area has a unloading pit under the track. The bottom door of the germination box is opened, and the material is unloaded into the unloading pit. A auger is used to lift from the unloading pit to the distributing bin 12; the second is to set a crane at high altitude to lift the germination box directly above the distributing bin 12, and then open the bottom door to unload directly into the distributing bin 12.

[0071] (2) Feeding and discharging unit: having a double-layer second conveying device, which is a double-layer single-row conveying device; the second conveying device includes a feed conveyor located on the upper layer and a discharge conveyor located on the lower layer; the inlet of the feed conveyor is connected to the high-level conveying section 15 of the material distribution unit 1;

[0072] (3) Several groups of culture units 3: having an upper culture chamber, a lower culture chamber and a double-layer third conveying device, an insulated box, and a temperature and humidity ventilation system, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor arranged in the insulated box 31 and connected to the control unit 6 by signal; providing constant temperature, humidity and oxygen control for the insulated box, the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber are arranged in the insulated box 31, and the top, bottom and both sides of the insulated box are provided with insulation plates 39.

[0073] The temperature and humidity ventilation system includes an adjustable temperature and humidity air inlet device, an upper air supply box 351 and a lower air supply box 352 arranged on the inner wall of the heat preservation box, and an upper air duct 381 in the middle of the double-row upper conveyor 361 and a lower air duct 382 in the middle of the double-row lower conveyor 362;

[0074] The upper air supply box 351 and the lower air supply box 352 are respectively connected to the temperature and humidity air inlet device 33 to deliver air with set temperature, humidity and / or speed;

[0075] The upper air duct 38 corresponds to the upper air supply box 351 , and the lower air duct 38 corresponds to the lower air supply box 352 .

[0076] The temperature and humidity air inlet device includes an air supply fan 331, a heat exchanger 332, a humidification chamber 333, and an optional one-way check valve 334, a filter 335 and an air inlet mesh 336. The humidification chamber 333 is connected to the optional humidifier, and the upper air supply box 351 and the lower air supply box 352 are respectively connected to the air outlet 34 of the air supply fan.

[0077] The double-layer third conveying device is a double-layer double-row conveying device, including a double-row upper conveyor penetrating the upper culture cabin, and a double-row lower conveyor penetrating the lower culture cabin; in the heat preservation box, water tanks 37 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the upper culture cabin and the lower culture cabin, and the water tanks 37 are arranged below the roller of the conveying device; at one end of the culture unit 3 away from the feeding and discharging unit, corresponding to the upper culture cabin and the lower culture cabin, double-row internal elevators connecting the double-row upper conveyor 361 and the double-row lower conveyor 362 are respectively arranged;

[0078] The culture unit 3 can be provided with multiple groups of parallel culture units 3, which are arranged in sequence along the double-layer second conveying device of the feeding and discharging unit; each culture unit is connected to the control unit 6 by signal, and independently performs constant temperature, humidity and oxygen regulation.

[0079] Discharging unit 4: It has a fourth conveying device connected to the outlet of the discharging conveyor, and a discharging tray dismantling machine 41, a tray turning and straightening mechanism 42 and a transfer tray stacking machine arranged in sequence along the fourth conveying device; the tray turning and straightening mechanism 42 includes a tray turning machine and a tray straightening machine downstream of the tray turning machine, and a receiving hopper is arranged in the area below the tray turning machine (not shown) to receive the materials poured out by the shallow tray turning over; the discharging unit has many process links, and each link is directly related to the final product quality. It is preferred to adopt a lower forward speed than other units, which is not only conducive to the tray dismantling machine to stably dismantle the shallow tray group containing materials, but also leaves enough time for the tray turning machine to empty the materials in the shallow tray;

[0080] After the receiving hopper collects the materials, they enter the scraper conveyor for horizontal transportation. The optional vertical elevator is used to transport the materials to the low-temperature drying chamber. The drying chamber adopts a mesh belt dryer, and the front section is equipped with a dehumidification constant temperature air inlet and a feeder. The feeder is connected to the aforementioned vertical elevator. The drying temperature of the dryer does not exceed 55°C. The rear section of the drying chamber is a cooling tower, a Sakron and a pulse dust collector, an elevator, and a dry material bin, which are responsible for receiving the dried materials and solving the steam-dust separation and dust removal problems.

[0081] Transfer unit 5: connected to the control unit by signal, the transfer unit has a fifth conveying device and an empty tray disinfection device arranged along the fifth conveying device, the inlet of the fifth conveying device is connected to the outlet of the fourth conveying device of the unloading unit 4, and the outlet of the fifth conveying device is connected to the inlet of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit 1;

[0082] Control unit 6; control unit 6 is connected to the material distribution unit 1, the material feeding and discharging unit, the culture unit 3, the material unloading unit 4, and the transfer unit 5 by signals respectively; the control unit of the present invention calculates the required number of shallow trays and the operating speed of each conveying device and other process parameters according to the number and time consumption of the culture units 3 and the basic time consumption of each unit, so that the whole set of equipment can be independently operated on the basis of mutual connection, thereby maximizing production efficiency and minimizing energy consumption per unit production capacity and labor costs;

[0083] Plastic shallow tray: The grid-shaped plastic shallow tray made of PP material that can be stacked and transported in the above-mentioned units uses a customized mold. The preferred length × width × height is (700-1000mm) × (500-700mm) × (50-100mm). The thickness of the culture medium in the tray is 2-3cm, and the length and width of the shallow tray are designed according to the width of the conveying device and the space conditions of each unit.

[0084] Each unit connection uses a lifting and translation mechanism, which can realize lifting and lowering movement in space, or simply complete 90° smooth turning movement in the plane. Specific application locations include:

[0085] The material distribution unit 1 is connected to the material feeding and discharging unit through a double row of external elevators 14 and a double row of high-level conveying sections 15;

[0086] The upper conveyor 361 in the culture unit 3 is connected to the feed conveyor on the upper layer of the feed and discharge unit, and the lower conveyor 362 is connected to the discharge conveyor on the lower layer of the feed and discharge unit; the upper conveyor and the lower conveyor are connected through the internal elevator 32;

[0087] The outlet of the discharging conveyor is connected to the fourth conveying device of the unloading unit 4;

[0088] The end of the low-position single-row fourth conveying device of the unloading unit 4 is connected to the low-position single-row fifth conveying device of the transfer unit 5.

[0089] The shallow tray solid-state aerobic fermentation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0090] S1. Feeding:

[0091] 1.1 The stacked transfer tray set is placed at the front end of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit 1;

[0092] 1.2 The materials in the germination box are unloaded into the material bunker 12;

[0093] 1.3 Start the material distribution line: the material distribution unit tray dismantling machine 11 will automatically dismantle the stacked transfer tray group, and the double-row single-layer trays will line up on the first conveyor device and pass under the material distribution bin 12; the double distributors will automatically distribute the materials, and the distribution speed and the forward speed of the roller line will be adjusted to achieve uniform distribution to the trays. The thickness of the material in the tray is preferably 2-3cm, and a small amount of spilled material will fall into the tray set below the roller line for recycling. The single-layer trays with the materials distributed will pass through the double tray encoding machine 13 and will be automatically encoded into a specified number of stacked trays, preferably forming a culture tray group with 15-30 layers;

[0094] 1.4 The double-row stacked culture trays enter the external elevator 14, are raised to the double-row high-position conveying section 15, and then enter the feeding and conveying device on the upper layer of the feeding and discharging unit in single rows, so as to achieve a 90° transfer effect of the stacked trays on the roller conveyor line;

[0095] S2, feeding, discharging and cultivation steps:

[0096] 2.1 The shallow tray group that enters the feeding conveyor device on the upper layer of the feeding and discharging unit is conveyed by the roller to the designated position of the corresponding culture chamber and stops. The double-lifting translation mechanism corresponding to the feeding port of the culture chamber rises and transfers the stacked shallow tray group to the roller conveyor line of the corresponding culture chamber, thus realizing the 90° transfer effect of the stacked shallow tray group on the roller conveyor line again;

[0097] 2.2 After receiving the double stacked shallow tray group, the double-row roller conveyor line of the culture chamber conveys one tray backwards, waiting for the next batch of double stacked shallow tray groups to enter, and so on, the stacked shallow trays enter next to each other and fill the upper culture chamber. When there are still stacked trays entering, start the elevator between the upper and lower layers to transfer the stacked shallow trays to the lower culture chamber until the upper and lower layers are full of stacked trays;

[0098] 2.3 Finally, close the inlet and outlet doors of the culture chamber to make the chamber an independent closed space. The fermentation conditions inside the chamber can be observed at both ends of the chamber.

[0099] 2.4 The control unit 6 sets the critical value range for the corresponding parameters according to the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide sensor data of the culture chamber, and automatically starts and stops the humidifier, fan and other switches of the culture chamber based on this, so as to achieve relative constant temperature, humidity and oxygen control of the culture chamber; for example, the culture chamber temperature is set to 30-32°C, the humidity is set to 80-90% and the carbon dioxide concentration is set to 500-1000ppm;

[0100] S3, discharging and unloading steps:

[0101] 3.1 Open the discharge door of the culture chamber to be discharged. The lower layer of the feeding and discharging unit is the discharge conveyor. The double-row rollers in the lower layer of the culture chamber are running to transport the stacked shallow trays to the corresponding double-lifting and translational mechanisms. The lifting and translational mechanisms cooperate with them to rise and fall, realize 90° angle transportation, and transfer the stacked shallow trays to the discharge conveyor rollers, and transport them forward in a single row; start the elevator between the upper and lower layers, transfer the stacked shallow tray group in the upper culture chamber to the lower culture chamber, and so on, and all the shallow tray groups in the culture chamber are transported to the unloading unit 4 by the discharge conveyor, and then the culture chamber is sterilized and disinfected, waiting for the next feeding and culture instructions;

[0102] 3.2 The roller of the discharge conveyor conveys the stacked shallow trays in a single row one after the other to the vertical joint with the discharge unit and stops. Through the cooperation of the lifting and translation mechanism at this point, it realizes 90° angle transportation again and transfers the stacked shallow trays one by one to the roller line of the fourth conveying device;

[0103] 3.3 After receiving the stacked shallow tray group, the unloading unit 4 will split the stacked shallow tray group into individual trays through the tray dismantling machine and convey them forward. Then the tray turning machine will automatically turn over the single tray and unload the material in the tray into the receiving hopper below. The empty tray will reach the tray straightening machine under the chain conveyor, and after turning over again, it will be conveyed to the transfer stacking machine through the roller. The transfer stacking machine will automatically stack the empty trays into a specified number of empty stacked transfer shallow tray groups;

[0104] The material in the receiving hopper is transported to the vertical elevator through the scraper conveyor, and then enters the drying system through the vertical elevator, or preferably the material is transported to the drying system through the pipe chain conveyor mechanism. The drying unit dries the wet material at low temperature and then lifts it to the dry material bin for standby use. At the same time, the water vapor and dust produced by drying are separated, and the air with moisture and dust removed is discharged;

[0105] S4 transport disinfection steps:

[0106] The stacked transfer tray group is transferred to the disinfection machine through the fifth conveying device of the transfer unit 5 for cleaning, disinfection and drying. After that, the transfer tray group enters the entrance of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit 1 for circulation production, or is sent back to the tray warehouse for storage. Example

[0107] A fermentation method using a shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment, using a 800mm×600mm×70mm PP material grid-shaped plastic shallow tray, comprising the following steps:

[0108] S1. Feeding:

[0109] 1.1 The stacked transfer tray group is placed at the front end of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit, and the transfer tray group is composed of 20 trays stacked up and down;

[0110] 1.2 The materials in the germination box are unloaded into the material bunker;

[0111] 1.3 Start the feeding line: The feeding unit dismantling machine automatically dismantles the stacked transfer trays, and the double-row single-layer trays are lined up on the first conveyor and pass under the feeding bin; the double feeders automatically feed the materials, and the feeding speed is adjusted with the forward speed of the roller line. The forward speed of the first conveyor is 10m / min, so that the materials are evenly fed into the trays. The thickness of the materials in the trays is about 25mm, and a small amount of spilled materials falls into the trays set under the roller line for recycling. The single-layer trays with materials are automatically stacked into a specified number of trays through the double stacking machine, forming a culture tray group with 20 layers;

[0112] 1.4 The double-row stacked culture trays enter the external elevator and are raised to the double-row high-level conveying section. Then, they enter the feeding and conveying device on the upper layer of the feeding and discharging unit in single rows, achieving a 90° transfer effect of the stacked trays on the roller conveyor line;

[0113] S2, feeding, discharging and cultivation steps:

[0114] The control unit starts 4 groups of culture units AD according to the fermentation data of the fermentation bacteria, including:

[0115] 2.1 The shallow tray group that enters the feeding conveyor device on the upper layer of the feeding and discharging unit is conveyed by the roller to the designated position of the corresponding culture chamber A and stops. The double-lifting translation mechanism corresponding to the feeding port of the culture chamber rises and transfers the stacked shallow tray group to the roller conveyor line of the corresponding culture chamber, thus realizing the 90° transfer effect of the stacked shallow tray group on the roller conveyor line again;

[0116] 2.2 After receiving the double stacked shallow tray group, the double-row roller conveyor line of culture chamber A conveys one tray backwards, waiting for the next batch of double stacked shallow tray groups to enter. Similarly, the stacked shallow trays enter next to each other and fill the upper culture chamber. The elevator between the upper and lower layers is started to further transfer the stacked shallow trays to the lower culture chamber until the upper and lower layers are filled with stacked trays.

[0117] 2.3 Finally, close the door of the culture chamber A, so that the culture chamber A becomes an independent closed space, and the internal fermentation conditions can be observed at both ends of the culture chamber A;

[0118] 2.4 The control unit sets the critical values ​​of the corresponding parameters according to the storage data of the fermentation strains, and automatically starts and stops the humidifier, fan and other switches of the culture chamber based on this. The temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide sensor data of the culture chamber are monitored in real time to achieve relative constant temperature, humidity and oxygen control of the culture chamber; the temperature of the culture chamber is 30-32℃, the humidity is 85±3% and the carbon dioxide concentration is 800±50ppm;

[0119] While culture chamber A starts fermentation, culture chamber B is still in the fermentation stage. Culture chamber C has completed sterilization and disinfection, waiting for the feed conveying device of the feed and discharge unit to start feeding. Fermentation in culture chamber D is completed, waiting for the discharge door to open for discharge. The fermentation of one culture chamber takes about 48 hours.

[0120] S3, discharging and unloading steps:

[0121] 3.1 Open the discharge door of the culture chamber D to be discharged. The stacked shallow trays in the lower culture chamber are transferred to the discharge conveyor roller of the lower layer through the corresponding double-lifting translation mechanism to achieve 90° corner transportation. The discharge conveyor conveys forward in a single row with a forward speed of 0.7m / min. At the same time, start the elevator between the upper and lower layers to transfer the stacked shallow trays in the upper culture chamber to the lower culture chamber. Similarly, all the shallow trays in the culture chamber D are transported to the unloading unit by the discharge conveyor. Then, the culture chamber D is sterilized and disinfected, waiting for the next feeding and culture instructions.

[0122] After the discharging of the culture chamber D is completed, the sterilization and disinfection phase begins. The fermentation and cultivation of the culture chamber B is completed and the discharging door is opened to discharge the materials. The culture chamber A is in the fermentation and cultivation phase. After the feeding of the culture chamber C is completed, the door is closed and the fermentation and cultivation phase begins. The culture chambers AD cycle back and forth.

[0123] 3.2 The roller of the discharge conveyor conveys the stacked shallow trays in a single row one after the other to the vertical joint with the discharge unit and stops. Through the cooperation of the lifting and translation mechanism at this point, it realizes 90° angle transportation again and transfers the stacked shallow trays one by one to the roller line of the fourth conveying device;

[0124] 3.3 After the unloading unit receives the stacked shallow tray group, the tray dismantling machine will split the stacked shallow tray group into individual trays and convey them forward. Then the tray turning machine will automatically turn over the single tray and unload the material in the tray into the receiving hopper below. The empty tray reaches the tray straightening machine under the chain conveyor, and after turning over again, it is conveyed to the palletizing machine through the roller. The palletizing machine automatically stacks the empty shallow trays into stacked transfer shallow tray groups in groups of 20; the forward speed of the fourth conveying device of the unloading unit is 0.5m / min. The unloading unit has many process links, and each link is directly related to the final product quality. Therefore, a lower forward speed is adopted, which is not only conducive to the tray dismantling machine to stably split the shallow tray group containing materials, but also leaves enough time for the tray turning machine to empty the materials in the shallow tray.

[0125] The materials in the hopper are transported to the vertical elevator by the scraper conveyor, and then enter the drying system through the vertical elevator. The dryer dries the wet materials at 50±3℃ and then lifts them to the dry material bin for standby use. At the same time, the water vapor and dust produced by drying are separated, and the air with moisture and dust removed is discharged;

[0126] S4 transport disinfection steps:

[0127] The stacked transfer tray group is transported on the fifth conveying device of the transfer unit with a forward speed of 1m / min. The transfer tray group is transferred to the disinfection machine for cleaning, disinfection and drying. After that, the transfer tray group enters the entrance of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit for cyclic production.

[0128] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Obviously, various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications if they fall within the scope of the present invention and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment, characterized in that: include: A material distribution unit (1), a material input and output unit, a culture unit (3), a material discharge unit (4), a plurality of shallow trays that can be stacked up and down and transported in the above units, and a control unit (6); The shallow tray is a grid-shaped plastic shallow tray, with a length × width × height of (700-1000mm) × (500-700mm) × (50-70mm), and the material is laid 2-3cm; A material distribution unit (1) comprises a first conveying device, and a material distribution tray disassembling machine (11), a material distribution bin (12), a material feeding tray machine (13), an external elevator (14) and a high-position conveying section are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device; The feeding and discharging unit has a double-layer second conveying device, which includes a feeding conveyor located at the upper layer and a discharging conveyor located at the lower layer; the inlet of the feeding conveyor is connected to the high-level conveying section of the material distribution unit; A plurality of groups of culture units (3) are arranged in sequence along the double-layer second conveying device of the inlet and outlet unit, each culture unit (3) having an upper culture cabin, a lower culture cabin and a double-layer third conveying device, the third conveying device comprising an upper conveyor penetrating the upper culture cabin, and a lower conveyor penetrating the lower culture cabin; the upper conveyor is connected to the feed conveyor on the upper layer of the inlet and outlet unit, and the lower conveyor is connected to the discharge conveyor on the lower layer of the inlet and outlet unit; the upper conveyor and the lower conveyor are connected via an internal elevator; The shallow tray group is transported to the entrance of the upper culture chamber of the culture unit (3) by the feed conveyor, and then turned 90 degrees by the lifting and translation mechanism to enter the upper culture chamber. The upper conveyor transports the shallow tray group to one end of the internal elevator, and the internal elevator sequentially lowers the shallow tray group transported by the upper culture chamber to the corresponding lower conveyor to enter the lower culture chamber until the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber are neatly filled with the shallow tray group; after the culture is completed, the shallow tray group is discharged, starting from the lower conveying device, and the lifting and translation mechanism is turned 90 degrees to transport the shallow tray group sequentially to the discharge conveyor at the lower level of the feed and discharge unit, and transported to the unloading unit (4). The shallow tray group of the upper culture chamber is synchronously lowered to the lower culture chamber by the internal elevator until all the shallow tray groups of the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber are discharged and transported to the unloading unit (4) by the discharge conveyor, and then the culture chamber is sterilized; The unloading unit (4) comprises a fourth conveying device connected to the outlet of the discharging conveyor, and a unloading tray dismantling machine (41), a tray turning mechanism (42), a receiving hopper and a transfer tray stacking machine (43) arranged along the fourth conveying device; The material distribution unit (1), the material inlet and outlet unit, the cultivation unit (3), and the material discharge unit (4) are respectively connected to the control unit (6) by signals.

2. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying devices are all roller-type conveying devices, and a lifting and translation mechanism or a lift is used at the docking position of the conveying device.

3. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a transfer unit (5) connected to the control unit by signal, the transfer unit having a fifth conveying device and an empty tray disinfection device arranged along the fifth conveying device, the inlet of the fifth conveying device being connected to the outlet of the fourth conveying device of the unloading unit (4), and the outlet of the fifth conveying device being connected to the inlet of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit (1).

4. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The culture unit (3) comprises a heat preservation box (31), and a temperature and humidity ventilation system, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor which are arranged in the heat preservation box and are connected to the control unit by signal, and provide constant temperature, humidity and oxygen control for the heat preservation box. The upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber are arranged in the heat preservation box.

5. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the material distribution unit, the first conveying device is a parallel double-row conveying device, and a double-row material distribution tray dismantling machine (11), a double-row material distribution bin (12), a double-row material feeding tray machine (13), a double-row external elevator (14) and a double-row high-position conveying section are sequentially arranged along the first conveying device; In the feeding and discharging unit, the double-layer second conveying device is a double-layer single-row conveying device; In the culture unit (3), the double-layer third conveying device is a double-layer double-row conveying device, comprising a double-row upper conveyor penetrating the upper culture chamber, and a double-row lower conveyor penetrating the lower culture chamber; at one end of the culture unit away from the feeding and discharging unit, corresponding to the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber, double-row internal elevators are respectively arranged to connect the double-row upper conveyor and the double-row lower conveyor; The unloading unit (4) and the transfer unit (5) are respectively provided with a low-position single-row fourth conveying device and a low-position single-row fifth conveying device.

6. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the heat preservation box, double rows of upper culture cabins are arranged corresponding to the double rows of upper conveyors respectively; double rows of lower culture cabins are arranged corresponding to the double rows of lower conveyors respectively.

7. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity ventilation system includes an adjustable temperature and humidity air inlet device, an upper air supply box and a lower air supply box arranged on the inner wall of the heat preservation box, and an upper air duct in the middle of the double-row upper conveyor and a lower air duct in the middle of the double-row lower conveyor; The upper air supply box and the lower air supply box are respectively connected to the temperature and humidity air inlet device to deliver air with set temperature, humidity and / or speed; The upper air induced draft duct corresponds to the upper air supply box, and the lower air induced draft duct corresponds to the lower air supply box.

8. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity air inlet device includes a blower, a heat exchanger, a humidification chamber, a one-way check air valve, a filter and an air inlet mesh. The humidification chamber is connected to the humidifier, and the upper air supply box and the lower air supply box are respectively connected to the air outlet of the blower.

9. The aerobic fermentation equipment according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: Each culture unit is connected to the control unit signal and independently performs constant temperature, humidity and oxygen regulation.

10. A fermentation method using the shallow tray solid aerobic fermentation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 fabric steps: A plurality of transfer trays are transported to the material dismantling machine through the first transport device, so that the trays are transported to the bottom of the material distributing bin in a single-layer arrangement, and the material distributing bin distributes materials to the trays at a uniform speed; The shallow trays after spreading are stacked by the feeding stacking machine to form a culture shallow tray group with 15-30 layers; The culture tray group is lifted to the high-level conveying section by an external elevator and then enters the loading and unloading unit; S2 feeding and cultivation steps: A plurality of sets of culture tray groups sequentially enter the entrance of the upper culture chamber of the culture unit (3) through the feed conveyor on the upper layer of the second conveying device, turn 90 degrees through the lifting and translation mechanism to enter the upper culture chamber, the upper conveyor transports the tray groups to one end of the internal elevator, and enters the lower conveyor through the internal elevator and sequentially enters the lower culture chamber to fill the upper culture chamber and the lower culture chamber of the culture unit; The upper and lower culture chambers enter a culture environment with constant temperature, humidity and oxygen; S3 discharging steps: After the culture is completed, the material is discharged, starting from the lower conveying device, which is turned 90 degrees by the lifting and translation mechanism to sequentially convey the shallow tray group to the discharge conveyor at the lower level of the inlet and outlet unit, and transported to the unloading unit (4). The shallow tray group of the upper culture cabin is synchronously lowered to the lower culture cabin by the internal elevator, until all the shallow tray groups of the upper and lower culture cabins are discharged and transported to the unloading unit (4) by the discharge conveyor, and then the culture cabin is sterilized; S4 unloading steps: The culture tray group enters the unloading tray dismantling machine through the fourth transport device, so that the trays are sent to the flip tray mechanism in a single-layer arrangement, and the flip tray mechanism pours the materials in the trays into the receiving hopper. The trays separated by the trays are stacked and stacked by the transfer tray stacking machine to form a transfer tray group, so that the transfer tray group enters the transfer unit; The materials are transported from the receiving hopper to the drying chamber for low-temperature drying; S5 transport disinfection steps: The transfer tray group enters the empty tray washing device through the fifth transport device, and the transfer tray group is cleaned, disinfected and dried, and then the transfer tray group enters the entrance of the first conveying device of the material distribution unit; Wherein, a plurality of groups of culture units (3) are arranged in sequence along the double-layer second conveying device of the inlet and outlet unit, and each culture unit circulates back and forth to achieve continuous production.

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