Foundation structure and design method of belt conveyor slope section

Abstract

The present application provides a foundation structure for a slope section of a pipe conveyor and a design method thereof. The foundation structure for the slope section is fixed on flat ground near the slope and reserved a certain distance from the slope. The foundation structure for the slope section includes a main foundation and an anchor foundation. The anchor foundation includes multiple anchors. The main foundation includes a top support portion, a bottom seat portion, and a column. The column is arranged between the top support portion and the bottom seat portion. The bottom seat portion is anchored to the top of the anchor rod. One side of the top support portion extends beyond the side of the column and extends above the slope. The vertical centerline of the top support portion is closer to the slope than the vertical centerline of the column and the vertical centerline of the bottom seat portion. The present application does not require excavation and construction on the slope, and does not require support for the slope, thus saving slope support construction costs, having little impact on the original ecological landscape, and saving time and effort in construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pipe conveyor foundations, and in particular to a pipe conveyor slope section foundation structure and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A pipe conveyor uses a hexagonal arrangement of rollers to constrain the conveyor belt into a looping tube. It is primarily used for conveying bulk materials. Pipe conveyors are supported by a foundation. Pipe conveyors often travel over slopes, and currently, pile foundations or natural foundations are used to support these sections.

[0003] Pile foundations require slope support and require the use of large machinery for piling. However, some terrains (such as mountainous terrain) are difficult for large machinery to access, so roads must be built in advance near the pile foundation construction area for large machinery to enter. Therefore, pile foundation construction is relatively difficult and costly, and has a significant impact on the original ecological landscape. Natural foundations require a large amount of excavation, which also has a significant impact on the original ecological landscape.

[0004] It can be seen that using pile foundations or natural foundations to support pipe conveyors on sloped sections each has its disadvantages. Therefore, how to improve the foundation structure of pipe conveyors on sloped sections is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a foundation structure for a slope section of a belt conveyor, wherein the foundation structure for the slope section is fixed on flat ground near the slope and a certain distance is reserved from the slope, wherein the foundation structure for the slope section includes a main foundation and an anchor foundation, wherein the anchor foundation includes multiple anchors, and the main foundation includes a top support portion, a bottom seat portion, and a column, wherein the column is arranged between the top support portion and the bottom seat portion, and the bottom seat portion is anchored to the top end of the anchor rod, and one side of the top support portion extends out of the side surface of the column to above the slope, and the vertical center line of the top support portion is closer to the slope than the vertical center line of the column and the vertical center line of the bottom seat portion.

[0006] In one embodiment of the foundation structure of the slope section of the belt conveyor, the cross-sectional area of ​​the top support portion is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom seat portion is also larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column.

[0007] In one embodiment of the foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe belt conveyor, the bottom seat, the columns and the top support are all reinforced concrete structures.

[0008] In one embodiment of the foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe belt conveyor, the bottom seat, the column and the top support portion are cast into a whole at one time.

[0009] In one embodiment of the foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe belt conveyor, the anchor rods are arranged in two groups, one group is arranged in the edge area of ​​the bottom end seat away from the slope, and the other group is arranged in the edge area of ​​the bottom end seat close to the slope.

[0010] The design method for the foundation structure of the slope section of a belt conveyor according to any one of the above items comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1. Selecting the outer dimensions of the foundation structure of the slope section;

[0012] S2. Performing a stress analysis on the foundation structure of the slope section selected in S1, calculating the pullout force borne by a single anchor rod, and comparing whether the pullout force borne by the single anchor rod is less than the pullout bearing capacity characteristic value of the single anchor rod;

[0013] If it is less than, the anchor rod diameter is determined according to the pull-out force value borne by the single anchor rod, the anchor hole diameter is determined according to the anchor rod diameter, the anchor hole depth is determined according to the anchor hole diameter and the pre-surveyed soil conditions, and then the anchor rod foundation is constructed;

[0014] If it is not less than, return to S1 and reselect until the pull-out force borne by the single anchor is less than the characteristic value of the pull-out bearing capacity of the single anchor;

[0015] S3, performing a pull-out test on the constructed anchor foundation to verify whether the pull-out force borne by a single anchor is less than the characteristic value of the pull-out bearing capacity of the single anchor;

[0016] If it is less than, it means the design is qualified;

[0017] If not, redesign.

[0018] An implementation method for designing the foundation structure of a slope section of a pipe-belt conveyor comprises: obtaining the extreme position of the bottom seat portion close to one side of the slope by retreating a construction distance from the root position of the slope; selecting the height position h of the top support portion based on a predetermined routing plan of the pipe-belt conveyor; obtaining the nearest extreme position of the top support portion close to one side of the slope by retreating a safety distance from the height position h of the slope; calculating the farthest extreme position of the top support portion close to one side of the slope based on the height position h of the top support portion and the slope inclination; and selecting the outer dimensions of the foundation structure of the slope section based on these positions.

[0019] One implementation method for designing the foundation structure of a belt conveyor slope section is to calculate the pullout force borne by a single anchor rod based on the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, F kThe vertical force exerted by the belt conveyor on the foundation structure of the slope section;

[0022] G k The weight of the slope section foundation structure and the weight of the soil thereon;

[0023] M xk According to F k , G k The moment is calculated from the horizontal distance in the X direction between the vertical center line of the top support portion and the vertical center line of the bottom seat portion of the main foundation;

[0024] M yk According to F k , G k The moment is calculated from the Y-direction horizontal distance between the vertical centerline of the top support portion and the vertical centerline of the bottom seat portion of the main foundation, the X-direction and the Y-direction being perpendicular to each other;

[0025] x i is the horizontal distance in the X direction between the vertical centerline of the i-th anchor rod and the vertical centerline of the bottom end seat;

[0026] y i is the horizontal distance in the Y direction between the vertical center line of the i-th anchor rod and the vertical center line of the bottom end seat;

[0027] N ti is the pull-out force borne by the i-th anchor rod.

[0028] An implementation method of a design method for the foundation structure of a slope section of a pipe belt conveyor is to select multiple groups of anchor rod number spacing and bottom end seat cross-sectional dimensions, and perform the verification calculation in S2 and the pull-out test verification in S3 for each group to obtain the optimal solution for the anchor rod number spacing and bottom end seat cross-sectional dimensions.

[0029] An implementation method of a design method for the foundation structure of a slope section of a pipe belt conveyor, when performing anchor foundation construction, automatic construction equipment is used to drill anchor holes, the automatic construction equipment includes a control device, a drilling device and a monitoring device, the control device of the automatic construction equipment has construction parameters pre-stored therein, the construction parameters including the number of anchor holes, the diameter of the anchor holes and the depth of the anchor holes, the control device controls the drilling equipment to drill the anchor holes, the monitoring device monitors the construction parameters and feeds back to the control device, after the anchor holes are drilled, the anchor rods are implanted, and then the grouting operation is performed, the automatic construction equipment is also integrated with an anchor puller, when the pull-out test is performed on the constructed anchor foundation, the anchor puller is used to measure the pull-out force borne by a single anchor rod.

[0030] The foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe conveyor provided in the present application does not require excavation and construction on the slope, and does not require support for the slope, thus saving the cost of slope support construction; the foundation structure of the slope section can be constructed using manual labor and small equipment, thus avoiding the problem of difficulty in access for large equipment; the foundation structure of the slope section uses the pull-out force generated by the anchor foundation to balance the additional torque caused by load eccentricity, thereby controlling the zero stress zone within a reasonable range without increasing the size of the main foundation, and the amount of earth excavation of the anchor foundation is small, which has little impact on the original ecological appearance, and the construction is time-saving and labor-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the foundation structure of a belt conveyor slope section provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a partial perspective view of the foundation structure of the belt conveyor slope section;

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of the bottom seat and anchor rods of the foundation structure of the belt conveyor slope section;

[0034] Figure 4 A step diagram of an embodiment of a design method for a foundation structure of a slope section of a belt conveyor provided in the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an automatic construction equipment;

[0036] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0037] 1 Anchor foundation, 2 bottom seat, 3 column, 4 top support, 5 pipe conveyor, 6 steel support, 7 slope, 8 flat ground, 9 cushion, 10 anchor hole;

[0038] G1 drilling equipment, G2 control equipment, G3 monitoring equipment, G4 anchor puller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe-belt machine provided in the present application is fixed on the flat ground near the slope and a certain distance is reserved from the slope, so that the foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe-belt machine does not need to be excavated and constructed on the slope, and the slope does not need to be supported, thus saving the cost of slope support construction.

[0041] The slope section foundation structure includes a main foundation and an anchor foundation 1. The main foundation includes a top support portion 4, a bottom seat portion 2 and a column 3. The anchor foundation 1 includes a plurality of anchor rods.

[0042] The column 3 is arranged between the top support part 4 and the bottom seat part 2. The bottom seat part 2 is anchored together with the top end of the anchor rod. The pipe belt machine 6 is supported on the top support part 4 through the steel bracket 5.

[0043] One side of the top support portion 4 ( Figure 1 The top support portion 4, the column 3 and the slope generally enclose a triangular area.

[0044] The vertical centerline of the top support portion 4 is closer to the slope than the vertical centerline of the column 3. The vertical centerline of the top support portion 4 is also closer to the slope than the vertical centerline of the bottom seat 2, making the bottom seat 2 eccentric relative to the top support portion 4.

[0045] Because the bottom seat 2 is eccentric relative to the top support 4, the foundation's bearing capacity forms a triangular distribution when loaded. This results in some areas of the foundation receiving greater stress, while others receive less stress or even no stress at all. This unstressed area is called the zero-stress zone. To ensure stability, the zero-stress zone must be kept within 15%.

[0046] Without the anchor foundation 1, the main foundation would need to be designed to be very large to keep the zero-stress zone within a qualified range. This would prevent the bottom seat 2 from avoiding the slope, necessitating excavation and slope support. The slope section foundation structure provided by this application utilizes the pullout resistance generated by the anchor foundation 1 to balance the additional torque caused by load eccentricity, thereby keeping the zero-stress zone within a reasonable range even with a smaller main foundation. This allows the main foundation to be fixed on flat ground near the slope, avoiding the slope. This eliminates the need for excavation and support on the slope, saving slope support construction costs.

[0047] In addition, the amount of earth excavation for the anchor foundation 1 is less than that for the natural foundation, and it can be constructed by manual labor and small equipment, thus avoiding the problem of large equipment having difficulty entering. It has less impact on the original ecological landscape and saves time and effort in construction.

[0048] More specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the top support portion 4 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column 3 , and the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom seat portion 2 is also larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column 3 .

[0049] More specifically, the bottom seat 2, the column 3 and the top support 4 are all reinforced concrete structures, and have high bearing stability.

[0050] More specifically, the bottom seat 2, the column 3 and the top support 4 are cast into a whole at one time, so that the bearing stability is higher and the construction is more convenient. The construction process is: after the anchor foundation 1 is constructed, the cushion layer 9 is set (see Figure 2 ), then tie and fix the steel structure of the bottom seat 2, column 3 and top support part 4 and place the formwork, and then pour concrete in the mold cavity.

[0051] More specifically, after the main foundation construction is completed, part of the steel structure of the top support part 4 is exposed, and the steel bracket 5 is fixedly connected to the exposed steel structure of the top support part 4, for example, by using anchor bolts.

[0052] More specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the anchor rods can be arranged in two groups: one group at the edge of the bottom seat 2 away from the slope (left side in the figure), and the other group at the edge of the bottom seat 2 close to the slope (right side in the figure). The two groups can be arranged symmetrically about the horizontal centerline of the bottom seat 2. This way, the anchor rods are better stressed.

[0053] The design method of the slope section foundation structure provided in this application comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. Select the overall dimensions and anchor bolt quantity and spacing of the foundation structure of the slope section.

[0055] More specifically, after the route layout of the pipe conveyor is determined, the height of the pipe conveyor when passing through the current slope section is determined, so that the height position h of the top support part 4 can be selected accordingly.

[0056] More specifically, the bottom seat 2 is moved away from the slope root by a construction distance (indicated by D in the figure) to obtain a side of the slope ( Figure 1 The limit position of the bottom seat 2 can be set to the right side of the bottom seat 2, thereby providing a reference for the cross-sectional size selection of the bottom seat 2. The construction personnel can carry out construction at this construction distance, and the construction distance is preferably about 0.5m.

[0057] More specifically, the top support portion 4 is moved away from the slope 7 by a safety distance from the height position h of the slope ( Figure 1 The nearest limit position of the top support portion 4 is the minimum value of the C distance, which can provide a reference for the cross-sectional size selection of the top support portion 4. This safety distance can ensure that the slope 7 does not affect the construction of the top support portion 4.

[0058] More specifically, the side of the top support portion 4 close to the slope ( Figure 1 The farthest limit position of the right side of the center, that is, Figure 1The maximum value of the middle C distance can provide a reference for selecting the cross-sectional size of the top support part 4.

[0059] S2. Perform stress analysis on the foundation structure of the slope section selected in S1, calculate the pullout force borne by a single anchor rod, and compare whether the pullout force borne by a single anchor rod is less than the pullout bearing capacity characteristic value R of the single anchor rod. t ;

[0060] If it is less than, the anchor rod diameter is determined according to the pull-out force value borne by the single anchor rod, the aperture of the anchor hole 10 is determined according to the anchor rod diameter, the depth of the anchor hole 10 is determined according to the aperture of the anchor hole 10 and the pre-surveyed soil conditions, and then the construction of the anchor rod foundation 1 is carried out;

[0061] If it is not less than, return to S1 and reselect until the pull-out force borne by the single anchor is less than the pull-out bearing capacity characteristic value R of the single anchor. t .

[0062] More specifically, the pullout force on a single anchor rod is calculated based on the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, F k The vertical force exerted by the belt conveyor on the foundation structure of the slope section;

[0065] G k The weight of the slope section foundation structure and the weight of the soil thereon;

[0066] M xk According to F k , G k The moment calculated from the X-axis horizontal distance between the vertical centerline of the top support portion 4 and the vertical centerline of the bottom seat portion 2 of the main foundation;

[0067] M yk According to F k , G k The moment is calculated from the Y-direction horizontal distance between the vertical centerline of the top support portion 4 and the vertical centerline of the bottom seat portion 2 of the main foundation, where the X-direction and the Y-direction are perpendicular to each other;

[0068] x i is the horizontal distance in the X direction between the vertical center line of the i-th anchor rod and the vertical center line of the bottom end seat 2;

[0069] y i is the horizontal distance in the Y direction between the vertical center line of the i-th anchor rod and the vertical center line of the bottom end seat 2;

[0070] n is the number of anchor rods;

[0071] N ti is the pull-out force borne by the i-th anchor rod.

[0072] S3. Conduct a pull-out test on the anchor foundation 1 after construction to verify whether the pull-out force borne by a single anchor is less than the characteristic value of the pull-out bearing capacity of the single anchor R. t ;

[0073] If it is less than, it means the design is qualified;

[0074] If not, redesign.

[0075] More specifically, since the spacing between the number of anchor rods is closely related to the cross-sectional dimensions of the bottom end seat 2, multiple groups of spacing between the number of anchor rods and the cross-sectional dimensions of the bottom end seat 2 can be selected, and the verification in S2 and the pull-out test verification in S3 are performed for each group to obtain the optimal solution for the spacing between the number of anchor rods and the cross-sectional dimensions of the bottom end seat 2.

[0076] More specifically, when constructing the anchor foundation 1, the anchor holes 10 can be drilled using automatic construction equipment. Figure 5 As shown, the automatic construction equipment includes a control device G2, a drilling device G1 and a monitoring device G3. The control device G2 of the automatic construction equipment has construction parameters pre-stored therein, including the number of anchor holes 10, the diameter of the anchor holes 10 and the depth of the anchor holes 10.

[0077] The control device controls the drilling device to drill the anchor hole 10, and the monitoring device monitors the construction parameters and feeds back to the control device. After the anchor hole 10 is drilled, the anchor rod is implanted and then the grouting operation is performed.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the automatic construction equipment is also integrated with an anchor puller G4. When the pull-out test is performed on the constructed anchor foundation 1 in S3, the anchor puller is used to measure the pull-out force borne by a single anchor.

[0079] The principles and implementation methods of this application have been described above using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. The foundation structure of the slope section of the pipe conveyor is characterized by: The slope section foundation structure is fixed on a flat ground (8) near the slope (7) and reserved a certain distance from the slope (7). The slope section foundation structure includes a main foundation and an anchor rod foundation (1). The anchor rod foundation (1) includes a plurality of anchor rods. The main foundation includes a top support portion (4), a bottom seat portion (2) and a column (3). The column (3) is arranged between the top support portion (4) and the bottom seat portion (2). The bottom seat portion (2) is anchored to the top of the anchor rod. One side of the top support portion (4) extends out of the side of the column (3) and extends above the slope (7). The vertical center line of the top support portion (4) is closer to the slope (7) than the vertical center line of the column (3) and the vertical center line of the bottom seat portion (2).

2. The belt conveyor slope section foundation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the top end support portion (4) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column (3), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom end seat portion (2) is also larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the column (3).

3. The belt conveyor slope section foundation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end seat (2), the upright column (3) and the top end support portion (4) are all reinforced concrete structures.

4. The belt conveyor slope section foundation structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bottom seat portion (2), the upright column (3) and the top support portion (4) are integrally formed by one-time casting.

5. The belt conveyor slope section foundation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rods are arranged in two groups, one group is arranged in the edge area of ​​the bottom end seat (2) away from the slope (7), and the other group is arranged in the edge area of ​​the bottom end seat (2) close to the slope (7).

6. The design method of the foundation structure of the slope section of the belt conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The design method comprises the following steps: S1. Determine the overall dimensions and the number and spacing of anchor rods for the foundation structure of the slope section; S2. Performing a stress analysis on the foundation structure of the slope section selected in S1, calculating the pullout force borne by a single anchor rod, and comparing whether the pullout force borne by the single anchor rod is less than the pullout bearing capacity characteristic value of the single anchor rod; If it is less than, the anchor rod diameter is determined according to the pull-out force value borne by the single anchor rod, the anchor hole diameter is determined according to the anchor rod diameter, the anchor hole depth is determined according to the anchor hole diameter and the pre-surveyed soil layer conditions, and then the construction of the anchor rod foundation (1) is carried out; If it is not less than, return to S1 and reselect until the pull-out force borne by a single anchor is less than the characteristic value of the pull-out bearing capacity of a single anchor; S3, performing a pull-out test on the constructed anchor foundation (1) to verify whether the pull-out force borne by a single anchor is less than the characteristic value of the pull-out bearing capacity of the single anchor; If it is less than, it means the design is qualified; If not, redesign.

7. The design method of the foundation structure of the belt conveyor slope section according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The limit position of the bottom seat portion (2) close to the side of the slope (7) is obtained by retreating the construction distance from the root position of the slope (7), the height position h of the top support portion (4) is selected according to the predetermined route layout plan of the pipe belt machine, the nearest limit position of the top support portion (4) close to the side of the slope (7) is obtained by retreating the safety distance from the height position h of the slope (7), the farthest limit position of the top support portion (4) close to the side of the slope (7) is calculated according to the height position h of the top support portion (4) and the inclination angle of the slope (7), and the outer dimensions of the slope section foundation structure are selected with reference to these positions.

8. The design method of the foundation structure of the belt conveyor slope section according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The pull-out force on a single anchor rod is calculated based on the following formula: Among them, F k The vertical force exerted by the belt conveyor on the foundation structure of the slope section; G k The weight of the slope section foundation structure and the weight of the soil thereon; M xk According to F k , G k A moment calculated from the X-direction horizontal distance between the vertical centerline of the top support portion (4) and the vertical centerline of the bottom seat portion (2); M yk According to F k , G k , a moment calculated from the Y-direction horizontal distance between the vertical centerline of the top support portion (4) and the vertical centerline of the bottom seat portion (2), wherein the X-direction and the Y-direction are perpendicular to each other; x i is the horizontal distance in the X direction between the vertical center line of the i-th anchor rod and the vertical center line of the bottom end seat (2); y i is the Y-direction horizontal distance between the vertical center line of the i-th anchor rod and the vertical center line of the bottom end seat (2); n is the number of anchor rods; N ti is the pull-out force borne by the i-th anchor rod.

9. The design method of the foundation structure of the belt conveyor slope section according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: Multiple groups of anchor rod number spacing and bottom end seat (2) cross-sectional dimensions are selected, and the calculation in S2 and the pull-out test verification in S3 are performed on each group to obtain the optimal solution for the anchor rod number spacing and bottom end seat (2) cross-sectional dimensions.

10. The design method of the foundation structure of the slope section of the belt conveyor according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: When constructing an anchor foundation (1), an automatic construction device is used to drill anchor holes. The automatic construction device includes a control device, a drilling device and a monitoring device. The control device of the automatic construction device has construction parameters pre-stored therein. The construction parameters include the number of anchor holes, the diameter of the anchor holes and the depth of the anchor holes. The control device controls the drilling device to drill the anchor holes. The monitoring device monitors the construction parameters and feeds back to the control device. After the anchor holes are drilled, the anchor rods are implanted and then grouting is performed. The automatic construction device is also integrated with an anchor puller. When a pull-out test is performed on the constructed anchor foundation (1), the anchor puller is used to measure the pull-out force borne by a single anchor rod.

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