Display module, preparation method thereof and display device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display module, a preparation method thereof and a display device. The display module comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a light scattering layer. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer. The first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged. The first liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first liquid crystal layer comprises cholesteric liquid crystal. The cholesteric liquid crystal is configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, so as to reflect light rays matching the pitch of the conical spiral texture. The light scattering layer is located on one side of the liquid crystal display panel and is configured to be capable of scattering the light rays reflected by the liquid crystal display panel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module, a preparation method thereof and a display device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is widely used in display, smart phone, television and other electronic products due to its low power consumption, light weight and thin thickness. With the advent of the Internet era, electronic products have fully penetrated into people's daily life, and the resulting vision problems have become increasingly prominent. Scientific research shows that the above-mentioned electronic products emit high-energy blue light, which can directly penetrate the lens to the retina, damaging the retina and macular area, causing visual fatigue, and causing irreversible damage to the human eye. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a display device with eye protection function and can meet the needs of display, video playback and the like. SUMMARY

[0003] The present disclosure provides a display module, a preparation method thereof and a display device.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a display module liquid crystal display panel, comprising: a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the first liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises cholesteric liquid crystal, the cholesteric liquid crystal is configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, so as to reflect light with a pitch matching the conical spiral texture.

[0005] A light scattering layer is located on one side of the liquid crystal display panel and is configured to scatter the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel.

[0006] In some embodiments, the light scattering layer comprises a first scattering layer.

[0007] The first scattering layer comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, the second liquid crystal layer is located between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the second liquid crystal layer comprises polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is configured to switch between scattering state and transmission state in response to electric field control.

[0008] In some embodiments, the light scattering layer comprises a second scattering layer, the second scattering layer comprises a matrix and scattering particles, the scattering particles are dispersed in the matrix.

[0009] In some embodiments, the light scattering layer comprises a third scattering layer.

[0010] The third scattering layer is divided into a first light adjusting area and a second light adjusting area in the same plane, and the third scattering layer comprises a fifth substrate, a sixth substrate and a light adjusting functional layer, the fifth substrate is arranged opposite to the sixth substrate, and the light adjusting functional layer is located between the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate, the light adjusting functional layer comprises polymer dispersed liquid crystals in the first light adjusting area and a matrix and scattering particles in the second light adjusting area, and the scattering particles are dispersed in the matrix.

[0011] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display panel is divided into a plurality of pixel areas, each of the pixel areas comprises a plurality of sub-pixel areas, the first substrate comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes corresponding to the sub-pixel areas one by one, and each of the pixel electrodes is located in a corresponding sub-pixel area.

[0012] For any one of the sub-pixel areas, a part of the sub-pixel area is projected onto the first light adjusting area on the third scattering layer, and another part of the sub-pixel area is projected onto the second light adjusting area on the third scattering layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of pixel areas in the liquid crystal display panel are arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction.

[0014] For any one of the sub-pixel areas, a part of the sub-pixel area is projected onto the first light adjusting area on the third scattering layer, and another part of the sub-pixel area is projected onto the second light adjusting area on the third scattering layer.

[0015] The first part and the second part are arranged along the first direction.

[0016] Alternatively, the first part and the second part are arranged along the second direction.

[0017] Alternatively, the first part and the second part are arranged along the third direction, and the third direction intersects with the first direction and the second direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, for any one of the sub-pixel areas, a part of the sub-pixel area is projected onto the first light adjusting area on the third scattering layer, and another part of the sub-pixel area is projected onto the second light adjusting area on the third scattering layer.

[0019] The ratio of the first projection area to the second projection area is 0.8-1.2.

[0020] In some embodiments, the fifth substrate comprises a planar fifth electrode, and the sixth substrate comprises a planar sixth electrode.

[0021] In some embodiments, the diameter of the scattering particles is 3-10 μm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the material of the scattering particles comprises silica.

[0023] In some embodiments, the concentration of the scattering particles in the matrix is 3-15%.

[0024] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a preparation method of a display module, the preparation method comprising:

[0025] providing a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal display panel comprising: a first substrate, a second substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer, the first substrate and the second substrate being oppositely arranged, the first liquid crystal layer being located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprising cholesteric liquid crystal, the cholesteric liquid crystal being configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, so as to reflect light rays matching the pitch of the conical spiral texture;

[0026] forming a light scattering layer on one side of the liquid crystal display panel, the light scattering layer being configured to scatter the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel.

[0027] In some embodiments, the step of forming the light scattering layer comprises:

[0028] forming a third substrate;

[0029] forming a second liquid crystal layer on the third substrate, the second liquid crystal layer comprising polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal being configured to switch between a scattering state and a transmission state in response to an electric field;

[0030] forming a fourth substrate on the second liquid crystal layer.

[0031] In some embodiments, the step of forming the light scattering layer comprises:

[0032] forming a second scattering layer, the second scattering layer comprising a matrix and scattering particles, the scattering particles being dispersed in the matrix.

[0033] In some embodiments, the step of forming the light scattering layer comprises:

[0034] forming a fifth substrate;

[0035] forming a light adjusting functional layer on the fifth substrate, wherein the step of forming the light adjusting functional layer comprises: forming polymer dispersed liquid crystal in a first light adjusting area, and forming a matrix and scattering particles in a second light adjusting area, the scattering particles being dispersed in the matrix.

[0036] A sixth substrate is formed on the light-adjusting function layer.

[0037] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device, including the display module of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1;

[0040] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 2; Figure 1

[0041] A schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display panel shown in FIG. 2 reflecting non-parallel light is shown in FIG. 3; Figure 3 Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display panel shown in FIG. 2 reflecting parallel light is shown in FIG. 4;

[0042] Figure 4 Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the light path of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure under the action of the second scattering layer is shown in FIG. 5;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the light path of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the first scattering layer does not apply an electric field is shown in FIG. 6;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the light path of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the first scattering layer applies an electric field is shown in FIG. 7;

[0045] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the light path of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the third scattering layer does not apply an electric field is shown in FIG. 8;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the light path of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the third scattering layer applies an electric field is shown in FIG. 9;

[0047] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the light path of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the third scattering layer applies an electric field is shown in FIG. 9;

[0048] Figures 10-12 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 10;

[0049] Figure 13 An optical performance diagram of a display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 11;

[0050] ​​Figure 14 A schematic flowchart of a preparation method of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1.

[0051] Explanation of reference signs:

[0052] Liquid crystal display panel 10, light scattering layer 20; first substrate 1, second substrate 2, first liquid crystal layer 3;

[0053] First substrate 11, driving functional layer 12, pixel electrode 13, first alignment layer 14;

[0054] Second substrate 21, common electrode 22, second alignment layer 23, support column 24, protective layer 25;

[0055] Polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a, scattering particle 2b, matrix 2c;

[0056] First scattering layer 4: third substrate 41, fourth substrate 42, second liquid crystal layer 43;

[0057] Second scattering layer 5;

[0058] Third scattering layer 6: fifth substrate 61, sixth substrate 62, light modulation functional layer 63;

[0059] First light modulation area 6a, second light modulation area 6b, pixel area 7, sub-pixel area 7r / 7g / 7b;

[0060] First direction X, second direction Y, third direction Z. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0063] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms and scientific terms used in the present disclosure shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the use of terms such as "first", "second" and like terms in the present disclosure is not to imply any priority or order of use, but to distinguish different constituent parts. Also, the use of terms such as "include", "comprise" or "have" and like terms in the present disclosure is not to limit the parts enumerated after these terms to the listed parts only, but to encompass the listed parts and equivalents thereof. The use of terms such as "connect", "couple", or "engage" or like terms in the present disclosure is not to limit the parts connected, coupled or engaged to be directly and only connected, coupled or engaged to each other, but to also permit intervening parts therebetween. The use of terms such as "top", "bottom", "left", "right", and like terms in the present disclosure is not to indicate an absolute position, but to indicate a relative position.

[0064] Liquid crystal display (LCD) is widely used in display, smart phone, television and other electronic products due to its low power consumption, light weight and thin thickness. With the advent of the Internet era, electronic products have fully penetrated into people's daily life, and the resulting vision problems have become increasingly prominent. Scientific research shows that the above-mentioned electronic products emit high-energy blue light, which can directly penetrate the lens to the retina, damage the retina and macular area, cause visual fatigue, and cause irreversible damage to the human eye. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a display device with eye protection function and can meet the display, video playback and other needs.

[0065] Since the LCD is a non-emissive display device, a light source needs to be provided. In the related art, a light-emitting diode, an external fluorescent lamp, or the like can be used as a backlight source of the LCD, or ambient light can be used as a light source to form a reflective display device. When using an external light-emitting device as a backlight source, blue light damage can be reduced by reducing the blue light component or reducing flicker, but it can only reduce the damage to the human eye to a certain extent and cannot be completely eliminated. When using ambient light as a light source for the LCD, although the damage of blue light to the human eye can be completely avoided, in order to meet the color display requirements of the display device, a color film and a polarizing plate are needed to realize it, which leads to the problems of low reflectivity, high power consumption and high cost of the reflective LCD, and the reflective display device also has the defects of low picture contrast and poor display effect when the ambient light is sufficient.

[0066] Therefore, the related art provides an electrically controlled color cholesteric phase total reflection liquid crystal display device based on ambient light display. The display device has great application prospects because it does not need a color film and a polarizer and can realize high color gamut, high reflectivity, video display and the like. The electrically controlled color cholesteric phase liquid crystal can present a special conical spiral structure, and the reflection of the light by the electrically controlled color cholesteric phase liquid crystal can be regarded as mirror reflection. However, it is found in actual application that the ambient light incident to the electrically controlled color cholesteric phase total reflection liquid crystal display device can be regarded as parallel light or light with a small divergence angle. Taking the parallel light as an example, the parallel light is incident to the electrically controlled color cholesteric phase total reflection liquid crystal display device at a certain incident angle, and part of the light is reflected in the electrically controlled color cholesteric phase total reflection liquid crystal display device and is emitted at a certain reflection angle (the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle). At this time, the user can only receive the reflected light from a specific angle, that is, the user can only observe the picture presented by the display device from a specific angle, the visible viewing angle range of the display device is small, and the display performance of the display device is affected.

[0067] To solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art, the display module is provided. Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the display module provided by the present disclosure is shown in Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the display module provided by the present disclosure is shown in Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the display module provided by the present disclosure is shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown in the drawings, the display module includes a liquid crystal display panel 10 and a light scattering layer 20. The liquid crystal display panel 10 includes a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2 and a first liquid crystal layer 3. The first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are oppositely arranged, and the first liquid crystal layer 3 is located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. The first liquid crystal layer 3 includes cholesteric phase liquid crystal, which is configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, so as to reflect light with a pitch matching the conical spiral texture. The light scattering layer 20 is located on one side of the liquid crystal display panel 10 and is configured to scatter the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel 10.

[0068] In the display module provided by the present disclosure, the liquid crystal display panel 10 is an electrically controlled color cholesteric phase total reflection liquid crystal display panel. The ambient light is used as a light source, and the pitch of the cholesteric phase liquid crystal is adjusted to control the color of the light reflected by the cholesteric phase liquid crystal. Different colors of visible light are reflected under the action of different electric fields, so as to realize color display and avoid damage to the human eye caused by blue light. In addition, the liquid crystal display panel does not need to be provided with a color film and a polarizer. While realizing high color gamut color display, the manufacturing cost of the display module is reduced. The light scattering layer 20 is configured to scatter the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel 10, so as to increase the range of the exit angle of the reflected light of the display module, so that the visible angle of the display module is increased, and the display effect of the display module is improved.

[0069] It should be understood that when cholesteric liquid crystals exhibit a conical helical texture, they possess selective specular reflection characteristics. When the pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal is constant, it will reflect light of a specific wavelength corresponding to that pitch, thus displaying the corresponding color. Therefore, the pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal in a conical helical texture can be controlled by an electric field, thereby controlling the wavelength (color) of the reflected light.

[0070] As an example, the liquid crystal display panel 10 is divided into multiple pixel areas 7, each pixel area 7 including multiple sub-pixel areas, namely a sub-pixel area 7r emitting red light, a sub-pixel area 7g emitting green light, and a sub-pixel area 7b emitting blue light. The first substrate 1 also includes multiple pixel electrodes 13 corresponding to the sub-pixel areas, with each pixel electrode 13 located within its corresponding sub-pixel area. The second substrate 2 includes a planar common electrode 22. Figure 2 As shown, when no electric field is formed between pixel electrode 13 and common electrode 22, the cholesteric liquid crystal exhibits a focal cone texture, scattering incident light; as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, when different voltages are applied between pixel electrode 13 and common electrode 22 to form an electric field, the cholesteric liquid crystal located in the electric field changes from a focal cone texture to a cone-shaped spiral texture, thereby reflecting incident visible light that matches its pitch. Under the action of different electric fields, it can reflect visible light of different colors, thereby achieving color display.

[0071] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the first substrate 1 further includes: a first alignment layer 14, a first substrate 11, and a driving functional layer 12. The first alignment layer 14 is located between the pixel electrode 13 and the first liquid crystal layer 3. The first substrate 11 is located on the side of the pixel electrode 13 away from the first alignment layer 14. The driving functional layer 12 is located between the first substrate 11 and the pixel electrode 13. The driving functional layer 12 includes a plurality of driving circuits (not shown) corresponding one-to-one with the pixel electrode 13. The driving circuits are connected to their respective pixel electrodes 13 and are configured to provide a pixel voltage to the corresponding pixel electrode 13. The second substrate 2 further includes: a second substrate 21 and a second alignment layer 23. The second alignment layer 23 is located between the common electrode 22 and the first liquid crystal layer 3. The second substrate 21 is located on the side of the common electrode 22 away from the second alignment layer 23.

[0072] The first orientation layer 14 and the second orientation layer 23 can be vertically oriented or parallelly oriented; the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 can be independently selected as rigid substrates or flexible substrates, wherein the rigid substrate can be a glass substrate and the flexible substrate can be a resin substrate, and the embodiments disclosed herein do not limit either of these.

[0073] In one example, such as Figures 2-4As shown, the liquid crystal display panel 10 further comprises a support column 24 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.

[0074] Figure 5 Another structural schematic diagram of a display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 4. Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the light scattering layer 20 comprises a second scattering layer 5, and the second scattering layer 5 comprises a base 2c and scattering particles 2b dispersed in the base 2c. By arranging the second scattering layer 5, the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel can be scattered.

[0075] When the ambient light is incident on the second scattering layer 5, the scattering particles 2b in the second scattering layer 5 can scatter the ambient light, so that the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10 is increased, the liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, and the reflected light also has a relatively large exit angle range. The reflected light passes through the second scattering layer 5 again, and the scattering particles 2b in the second scattering layer 5 can scatter the reflected light, so that the exit angle range of the reflected light is further increased, and the light intensity of the reflected light at each exit angle tends to be uniform. As can be seen, the display module provided by the present disclosure has a large viewable angle range, and the brightness at each viewable angle is relatively uniform, which is conducive to improving the display effect of the display device.

[0076] In one example, the material of the scattering particles 2b can include silicon dioxide.

[0077] It should be understood that the concentration of the scattering particles 2b in the base 2c in the second scattering layer 5 will affect the scattering effect of the second scattering layer 5 on light, and in addition, the size of the scattering particles 2b will also affect the scattering effect. Only by arranging scattering particles 2b with appropriate size and concentration, the second scattering layer 5 can achieve good optical performance. If the diameter / concentration of the scattering particles 2b is too small, the scattering effect is poor, the reflectivity at the normal viewing angle is low, the color gamut is low, and the color purity is not high. If the diameter of the scattering particles 2b is too large, it will block the light exit port of the pixel unit, and if the concentration / diameter of the scattering particles 2b is too large, the haze of the exit light will increase, which will affect the color purity. Preferably, the diameter of the scattering particles 2b is 3-10 μm, for example, 4-5 μm. Preferably, the concentration of the scattering particles 2b in the second scattering layer 5 is 3%-15%, for example, 5%-10%.

[0078] In addition, in one example, the material of the base 2c in the second scattering layer 5 can be a bonding material, such as optical glue, and in the manufacturing process, the scattering particles 2b can be uniformly doped in the base 2c, and the second scattering layer 5 is bonded to the liquid crystal display panel 10 as the base 2c is solidified; in another example, the material of the base 2c can also be a polymer material without bonding effect, and in the manufacturing process, the scattering particles 2b can be uniformly doped in the base 2c, and the second scattering layer 5 is formed by solidification, and then the second scattering layer 5 is attached to the liquid crystal display panel 10 by coating a bonding material, and in this case, the bonding material can be optical glue; in any of the above examples, the refractive index of the optical glue can be in the range of 1-2.5, and the material of the base 2c in the second scattering layer 5 is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0079] It should be noted that the concentration of the scattering particles 2b refers to the mass percentage of the scattering particles 2b in the second scattering layer 5.

[0080] Figure 6 A light path schematic diagram of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the first scattering layer is not applied with an electric field is shown in Figure 7 A light path schematic diagram of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure when the first scattering layer is applied with an electric field is shown in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The light scattering layer 20 includes the first scattering layer 4; the first scattering layer 4 includes: a third substrate 41, a fourth substrate 42, and a second liquid crystal layer 43, the third substrate 41 and the fourth substrate 42 are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer 43 is located between the third substrate 41 and the fourth substrate 42, the second liquid crystal layer 43 includes polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a is configured to switch between a scattering state and a transmission state in response to an electric field.

[0081] Optionally, as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The display module further includes a protective layer 25 located on the side of the first scattering layer 4 away from the liquid crystal display panel 10, and the protective layer 25 is configured to protect other film layers in the display module from water and oxygen corrosion, and to ensure the display effect of the display module.

[0082] In one example, as shown in Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The third substrate 41 includes a planar third electrode, and the fourth substrate 42 includes a planar fourth electrode, and the third electrode and the fourth electrode are configured to apply an electric field to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a to control the deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a, thereby switching between the scattering state and the transmission state.

[0083] It should be noted that the third substrate 41 and the fourth substrate 42 can also be independently selected as a hard substrate or a flexible substrate, wherein the hard substrate can be a glass substrate, and the flexible substrate can be a resin substrate; the electric field for controlling the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a can also be realized by externally applying a voltage, and the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0084] In the present disclosure, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a includes liquid crystal molecules and polymers; as Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 2, when the first scattering layer 4 is not applied with an electric field, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 3 is different from the refractive index of the polymers in the first liquid crystal layer 3, at this time, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a as a whole is in a scattering state. When ambient light is incident on the first scattering layer 4, the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the ambient light, so that the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10 is increased, and the liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, which also has a relatively large exit angle range. The reflected light passes through the first scattering layer 4 again, and the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the reflected light, so that the exit angle range of the reflected light is further increased, and the light intensity of the reflected light at each exit angle tends to be consistent.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 2, when the first scattering layer 4 is not applied with an electric field, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 3 is different from the refractive index of the polymers in the first liquid crystal layer 3, at this time, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a as a whole is in a scattering state. When ambient light is incident on the first scattering layer 4, the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the ambient light, so that the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10 is increased, and the liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, which also has a relatively large exit angle range. The reflected light passes through the first scattering layer 4 again, and the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the reflected light, so that the exit angle range of the reflected light is further increased, and the light intensity of the reflected light at each exit angle tends to be consistent. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 2, when the first scattering layer 4 is not applied with an electric field, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 3 is different from the refractive index of the polymers in the first liquid crystal layer 3, at this time, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a as a whole is in a scattering state. When ambient light is incident on the first scattering layer 4, the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the ambient light, so that the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10 is increased, and the liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, which also has a relatively large exit angle range. The reflected light passes through the first scattering layer 4 again, and the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the reflected light, so that the exit angle range of the reflected light is further increased, and the light intensity of the reflected light at each exit angle tends to be consistent. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 2, when the first scattering layer 4 is not applied with an electric field, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 3 is different from the refractive index of the polymers in the first liquid crystal layer 3, at this time, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a as a whole is in a scattering state. When ambient light is incident on the first scattering layer 4, the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the ambient light, so that the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10 is increased, and the liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, which also has a relatively large exit angle range. The reflected light passes through the first scattering layer 4 again, and the first liquid crystal layer 3 in the first scattering layer 4 can scatter the reflected light, so that the exit angle range of the reflected light is further increased, and the light intensity of the reflected light at each exit angle tends to be consistent.

[0086] Figure 8 The light path schematic diagram of the display module provided by the present disclosure when the third scattering layer is not applied with an electric field is shown in FIG. 4, Figure 9 The light path schematic diagram of the display module provided by the present disclosure when the third scattering layer is applied with an electric field is shown in FIG. 5. In some embodiments, as Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the light scattering layer 20 includes the third scattering layer 6; the third scattering layer 6 is divided into the first light adjusting area 6a and the second light adjusting area 6b in the same plane, and the third scattering layer 6 includes the fifth substrate 61, the sixth substrate 62, and the light adjusting functional layer 63; the fifth substrate 61 is arranged opposite to the sixth substrate 62, and the light adjusting functional layer 63 is located between the fifth substrate 61 and the sixth substrate 62; the light adjusting functional layer 63 includes the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a in the first light adjusting area 6a and the matrix 2c and the scattering particles 2b in the second light adjusting area 6b; the scattering particles 2b are dispersed in the matrix 2c.

[0087] Optionally, as shown in Figure 8 、 Figure 9 The display module further includes the protective layer 25 located on the side of the third scattering layer 6 away from the liquid crystal display panel 10; the protective layer 25 is configured to protect other film layers in the display module from water and oxygen corrosion, and ensure the display effect of the display module.

[0088] It should be understood that the concentration and size of the scattering particles 2b in the second light adjusting area 6b are consistent with those in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described herein again; and the scattering particles 2b and the matrix 2c in the second light adjusting area 6b form a scattering film after solidification, and the concentration of the scattering particles 2b refers to the mass percentage of the scattering particles 2b in the scattering film.

[0089] In one example, based on the same inventive concept as the third substrate 41 and the fourth substrate 42, the fifth substrate 61 and the sixth substrate 62 can be independently selected as a hard substrate or a flexible substrate to fix the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a in the light adjusting functional layer 63 therebetween; or planar electrodes can be arranged in the fifth substrate 61 and the sixth substrate 62 to apply voltage to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a to control the deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0090] It should be noted that the electric field for controlling the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a can also be realized by externally applying voltage, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0091] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a includes liquid crystal molecules and polymers; as shown in Figure 8As shown, when no electric field is applied to the third scattering layer 6, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a is different from that of the polymer for the first dimming region 6a. At this time, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a is in a scattering state. When ambient light is incident on the first dimming region 6a of the third scattering layer 6, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a can scatter the ambient light, thereby increasing the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10. The liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, which also has a relatively large exit angle range. When the reflected light passes through the first dimming region 6a, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a can also scatter the reflected light, further increasing the exit angle range of the reflected light and making the light intensity of the reflected light tend to be consistent at each exit angle.

[0092] Meanwhile, for the second dimming area 6b, the scattering particles 2b can scatter ambient light, thereby increasing the incident angle range of the incident light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10. The liquid crystal display panel 10 selectively reflects the incident light to form reflected light, which also has a relatively large exit angle range. The reflected light passes through the second dimming area 6b again, and the scattering particles 2b in the second dimming area 6b can scatter the reflected light, thereby further increasing the exit angle range of the reflected light and making the light intensity of the reflected light tend to be consistent at each exit angle.

[0093] It can be seen that the third scattering layer 6 simultaneously contains polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a and scattering particles 2b. When an electric field is applied, the display module has a large viewing angle range and the brightness is relatively uniform at each viewing angle, which is beneficial to improving the display effect of the display module.

[0094] like Figure 9 As shown, when an electric field is applied to the third scattering layer 6, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a located in the first dimming region 6a changes. Furthermore, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the first dimming region 6a is the same as or substantially the same as the refractive index of the polymer within the first dimming region 6a. At this time, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 2a is in a transmissive state, without changing the incident / outgoing angle of light. Simultaneously, the scattering particles 2b located in the second dimming region 6b are unaffected by the change in the electric field and maintain their scattering state. Therefore, even without an applied electric field, the third scattering layer 6 can still increase the viewing angle of the display module and improve its display effect.

[0095] It should be understood that the liquid crystal display panel 10 is divided into multiple pixel areas 7, and each pixel area 7 includes multiple sub-pixel areas. Each sub-pixel area corresponds to a different pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal, and therefore reflects a different color of light; that is, each sub-pixel emits a different color of light. In one example, such as... Figures 10-12As shown, each pixel region 7 includes three sub-pixel regions, and the light-emitting colors of the three sub-pixel regions are red, green and blue respectively. In some embodiments, for any one sub-pixel region, a part of the sub-pixel region is projected orthogonally onto the first light-adjusting region 6a on the third scattering layer 6, and another part of the sub-pixel region is projected orthogonally onto the second light-adjusting region 6b on the third scattering layer 6.

[0096] It should be noted that the interval region between adjacent pixel regions can be the first light-adjusting region 6a in which the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a is arranged, or the second light-adjusting region 6b in which the scattering particles 2b are arranged, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not make any limitation on this.

[0097] Figures 10-12 Both are schematic diagrams of a planar structure of a display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, and in some embodiments, a plurality of pixel regions in the liquid crystal display panel 10 are arranged in an array along a first direction X and a second direction Y; for any one sub-pixel region, a part of the sub-pixel region is projected orthogonally onto the first light-adjusting region 6a on the third scattering layer 6, and another part of the sub-pixel region is projected orthogonally onto the second light-adjusting region 6b on the third scattering layer 6.

[0098] As shown, Figures 10-12 each pixel region 7 includes three sub-pixel regions, i.e., a sub-pixel region 7r for emitting red light, a sub-pixel region 7g for emitting green light, and a sub-pixel region 7b for emitting blue light, and the shape of each sub-pixel region is a rectangle with a size of a x b.

[0099] As shown, Figure 10 the first part and the second part are both rectangles, and the two rectangles are arranged along the first direction X, i.e., the vertical direction, wherein in each sub-pixel region, the length of the first part in the first direction is c, and the length of the second part in the first direction is d, and preferably, c:d = 1. Alternatively, as shown, Figure 11 the first part and the second part are also rectangles, and the two rectangles are arranged along the second direction Y, i.e., the horizontal direction, wherein in each pixel region, the length of the first part in the second direction is e, and the length of the second part in the second direction is f, and preferably, e:f = 1. Alternatively, as shown, Figure 12 the first part and the second part are both right-angled triangles, and the hypotenuses of the two right-angled triangles overlap to achieve that the first part and the second part are arranged along a third direction Z, and the third direction Z can be the extension direction of the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle, which intersects both the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0100] It should be noted that the shapes of the first part and the second part are not limited to the shapes described above, one of which can be annular, and the other can be the area outside the annular area in the sub-pixel area, or the first part and the second part can be other irregular shapes, and the specific shapes of the first part and the second part are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0101] In some embodiments, for any one sub-pixel area, the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel area on the third scattering layer 6 is located in the part of the first light adjustment area 6a, which has a first orthographic projection area, and the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel area on the third scattering layer 6 is located in the part of the second light adjustment area 6b, which has a second orthographic projection area; the ratio of the first orthographic projection area to the second orthographic projection area is 0.8-1.2. Preferably, the ratio of the first orthographic projection area to the second orthographic projection area is 1:1, that is, for any sub-pixel area, after the light is reflected by the cholesteric phase liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 3, half of the light passes through the second light adjustment area 6b, that is, through the scattering particles 2b to scatter to increase the optical performance of the display module at the non-specular reflection angle of the liquid crystal display panel 10, and the other half passes through the first light adjustment area 6a, that is, through the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a to exit. In the case where no electric field is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a, the scattering particle 2b area and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a area have refraction and scattering effects on the light, and the whole presents a more uniform wide viewing angle display effect; in the case where the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a is applied with an electric field, the scattering particle 2b area refracts the light to enhance the optical performance of the non-specular reflection angle, achieving a wide viewing angle effect, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a area has no scattering effect on the light, enhancing the optical performance of the specular reflection angle; the combination of the two areas achieves the wide viewing angle effect of the specular reflection viewing angle performance enhancement.

[0102] It should be noted that the materials of all electrodes in the embodiments of the present disclosure are transparent indium tin oxide materials to avoid affecting the light emission of the pixel unit.

[0103] Figure 13 An optical performance diagram of a display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 13 As shown in FIG. 6, the horizontal coordinates A, B, C, and D in the figure respectively represent a display module without a light scattering layer 20, a display module with the second scattering layer 5 as the light scattering layer 20 and the scattering particle 2b concentration a, a display module with the second scattering layer 5 as the light scattering layer 20 and the scattering particle 2b concentration b, and a display module with the second scattering layer 5 as the light scattering layer 20 and the scattering particle 2b concentration c, wherein a

[0104] AsFigure 13 As shown, curve 1 is the color gamut of different display modules through the scattering of light in light scattering layer 20, and curves 2, 3 and 4 are the light reflectivity of different display modules for red, green and blue light respectively. It can be seen that the reflectivity of different color light is improved with the increase of the concentration of scattering particles 2b in light scattering layer 20, but the degree of improvement is different. At the same time, with the increase of the concentration of scattering particles 2b in light scattering layer 20, the color gamut first increases and then decreases. Since the human eye is most sensitive to green light, the highest color gamut can be achieved when the reflectivity of green light is the highest compared with red and blue light. Based on this, the numerical range of the concentration of scattering particles is finally determined.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept, the disclosure also provides a preparation method of a display module, which can be used to prepare the display module provided in the above embodiments, and will be described in detail below. Figure 14 A schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the display module provided in the disclosure is shown in FIG. 8.

[0106] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the preparation method of the display module includes the following steps. Figure 14 As shown in FIG. 8, the preparation method of the display module includes the following steps.

[0107] In step S1, a liquid crystal display panel 10 is provided, which includes a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2 and a first liquid crystal layer 3. The first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are oppositely arranged, and the first liquid crystal layer 3 is located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. The first liquid crystal layer 3 includes cholesteric liquid crystal, which is configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, so as to reflect light with a pitch matching the conical spiral texture.

[0108] In step S2, a light scattering layer 20 is formed on one side of the liquid crystal display panel 10, which is configured to scatter the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel 10.

[0109] In some embodiments, the above step S1 includes the following steps.

[0110] A first metal layer, an insulating layer and a second metal layer are prepared on the first substrate 11 in sequence. The driving functional layer 12 is formed by patterning the first metal layer, and the pixel electrode 13 layer is formed by patterning the second metal layer.

[0111] A planar electrode, i.e., a common electrode 22 layer, is prepared on the second substrate 21, and a support pattern can be formed by exposure.

[0112] A first alignment layer 14 is formed on the pixel electrode 13 layer to form the first substrate 1, and a second alignment layer 23 is formed on the common electrode 22 layer to form the second substrate 2. A frame glue is coated on the second substrate 2, and cholesteric liquid crystal is dripped on the first substrate 1.

[0113] The second substrate 2 coated with the sealant and the first substrate 1 dripped with the cholesteric liquid crystal are vacuumed together;

[0114] The heat polymerizable monomers in the sealant are heated to polymerize, so as to enhance the adhesion of the sealant and make the orientation of the cholesteric liquid crystal more uniform, thereby forming the liquid crystal display panel 10.

[0115] In one embodiment, the step S2 comprises:

[0116] forming a third substrate 41; forming a second liquid crystal layer 43 on the third substrate 41, the second liquid crystal layer 43 comprising polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a configured to switch between a scattering state and a transmissive state in response to an electric field; and forming a fourth substrate 42 on the second liquid crystal layer 43.

[0117] In the above embodiment, the step S2 can specifically comprise: coating a planar electrode on the second substrate 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 10, i.e. forming a third substrate 41; coating polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a on the third substrate 41; performing UV polymerization treatment on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a to form a second liquid crystal layer 43; and attaching a flexible planar electrode, i.e. a fourth substrate 42, on the second liquid crystal layer 43.

[0118] In another embodiment, the step S2 comprises:

[0119] forming a second scattering layer 5, the second scattering layer 5 comprising a base 2c and scattering particles 2b, the scattering particles 2b being dispersed in the base 2c.

[0120] The concentration and size of the scattering particles 2b in the base 2c have been described in detail in the previous embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] In yet another embodiment, the step S2 comprises:

[0122] forming a fifth substrate 61; forming a light modulation functional layer 63 on the fifth substrate 61, wherein the step of forming the light modulation functional layer 63 comprises: forming polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a in a first light modulation area 6a; and forming a base 2c and scattering particles 2b in a second light modulation area 6b, the scattering particles 2b being dispersed in the base 2c; and forming a sixth substrate 62 on the light modulation functional layer 63.

[0123] In the above embodiment, the step S2 can specifically comprise:

[0124] A fifth substrate 61 is coated on the side of the second substrate 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 10; a polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a is coated on the third substrate 41, UV polymerization treatment is performed on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a through a mask plate, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a mixture in the non-polymerized area (second light adjustment area 6b) is removed using a solvent, a glue with scattering particles 2b is coated to fill the area without the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 2a, and the matrix 2c and the scattering particles 2b in the second light adjustment area 6b are subjected to thermal polymerization treatment to be cured and bonded, so as to finally form a second liquid crystal layer 43; a flexible surface electrode, i.e., a sixth substrate 62, is attached to the second liquid crystal layer 43.

[0125] The display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure comprises the display module.

[0126] The display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a light scattering layer. Firstly, the liquid crystal display panel takes ambient light as a light source, and the color of the light reflected by the cholesteric liquid crystal can be controlled by adjusting the pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal, so that different colors of visible light are reflected under the action of different electric fields, thereby realizing color display and avoiding damage to the human eye caused by blue light. Secondly, the color film and the polarizer are no longer arranged in the liquid crystal display panel, so that the production cost of the display module is reduced while realizing high color gamut color display. Finally, the light scattering layer is configured to scatter the light reflected by the liquid crystal display panel to increase the exit angle of the reflected light of the display module, has high light utilization, and improves the display effect of the display module. Specifically, the light scattering layer can be composed of a matrix and scattering particles, and the scattering particles of a certain size and concentration are used to scatter light to increase the exit angle of the reflected light of the display module. The light scattering layer can also comprise a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is configured to switch between a scattering state and a transmission state in response to an electric field. The light scattering layer can also simultaneously comprise scattering particles and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal to increase the exit angle range of the reflected light of the display module, so that the viewing angle of the display module is increased, and the display effect of the display module is improved.

[0127] The display device can be any product or component with display function, such as electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, display, notebook computer, digital photo frame, navigator, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0128] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principles of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered as the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A display module, wherein, The application relates to a liquid crystal display panel and a preparation method thereof. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the first liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises cholesteric liquid crystal, the cholesteric liquid crystal is configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, and the cholesteric liquid crystal is configured to reflect light rays matching the pitch of the conical spiral texture. A light scattering layer is located on one side of the liquid crystal display panel and is configured to scatter the light rays reflected by the liquid crystal display panel; the light scattering layer comprises a third scattering layer; the third scattering layer is divided into a first light adjusting area and a second light adjusting area located in the same plane; the third scattering layer comprises a fifth substrate, a sixth substrate and a light adjusting functional layer; the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate are oppositely arranged; the light adjusting functional layer is located between the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate; the light adjusting functional layer comprises polymer dispersed liquid crystal located in the first light adjusting area and a base and scattering particles located in the second light adjusting area; the scattering particles are dispersed in the base.

2. The display module of claim 1, wherein, The liquid crystal display panel is divided into a plurality of pixel areas, the pixel areas comprise a plurality of sub-pixel areas, the first substrate comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes corresponding to the sub-pixel areas one by one, and the pixel electrodes are located in the corresponding sub-pixel areas. For any one of the sub-pixel areas, a part of the sub-pixel area is located in the first light adjusting area in the orthographic projection on the third scattering layer, and another part of the sub-pixel area is located in the second light adjusting area in the orthographic projection on the third scattering layer.

3. The display module of claim 2, wherein, The plurality of pixel areas in the liquid crystal display panel are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. For any one of the sub-pixel areas, the part of the sub-pixel area located in the first light adjusting area in the orthographic projection on the third scattering layer is a first part, and the part of the sub-pixel area located in the second light adjusting area in the orthographic projection on the third scattering layer is a second part. The first part and the second part are arranged along the first direction. Alternatively, the first part and the second part are arranged along the second direction. Alternatively, the first part and the second part are arranged along a third direction, and the third direction intersects with the first direction and the second direction.

4. The display module of claim 2 or 3, wherein, For any one of the sub-pixel areas, the part of the sub-pixel area located in the first light adjusting area in the orthographic projection on the third scattering layer has a first orthographic projection area, and the part of the sub-pixel area located in the second light adjusting area in the orthographic projection on the third scattering layer has a second orthographic projection area. The ratio of the first orthographic projection area to the second orthographic projection area is 0.8-1.

2.

5. The display module of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The diameter of the scattering particles is 3-10 mu m.

6. The display module of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The material of the scattering particles comprises silicon dioxide.

7. The display module of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The concentration of the scattering particles in the base is 3%-15%.

8. A method of manufacturing a display module, wherein, The preparation method comprises the following steps: The application provides a liquid crystal display panel, which comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the first liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises cholesteric liquid crystal, the cholesteric liquid crystal is configured to present a conical spiral texture when an electric field is applied, and the cholesteric liquid crystal is configured to reflect light rays matching the pitch of the conical spiral texture; A light scattering layer is formed on one side of the liquid crystal display panel, and the light scattering layer is configured to scatter the light rays reflected by the liquid crystal display panel; The step of forming the light scattering layer comprises: forming a fifth substrate; forming a light adjusting functional layer on the fifth substrate, wherein the step of forming the light adjusting functional layer comprises: forming a polymer dispersed liquid crystal in a first light adjusting area, and forming a base and scattering particles in a second light adjusting area, wherein the scattering particles are dispersed in the base; forming a sixth substrate on the light adjusting functional layer.

9. A display device, wherein, The display module comprises any one of claims 1-7.

Images