Electric long-distance vehicle fleet v2v on-route charging marshalling scheme optimization method, device and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric long-distance truck fleet V2V in-transit charging marshalling scheme optimization method, device and medium, belong to electric vehicle V2V charging field.The method includes: electric truck will be marshalling and travel high-speed road according to the position of entrance and exit is divided into several road sections, obtains road section information and vehicle information;Determine the position of each vehicle in the vehicle fleet entering and leaving high-speed road, determine the initial SoC value when vehicle enters high-speed road and travels;According to the current received vehicle state information and vehicle path, determine the arrangement order of vehicle in vehicle fleet at different time, and judge the vehicle that needs to be charged in-transit V2V, so that the total energy consumption of vehicle fleet is minimum;Electric truck in vehicle fleet is marshalled and charged V2V according to the scheme solved, and travels according to the set route, to meet the demand of goods transportation.The application makes full use of the residual electric quantity of long-distance transport electric truck, improves the electric energy utilization rate of vehicle fleet, and reduces the total cost of vehicle fleet operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of transport fleet formation and V2V charging of electric vehicles, and particularly to a method, apparatus and medium for optimizing the V2V on-the-go charging formation scheme of electric long-distance fleets. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to gasoline-powered trucks, electric trucks are energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and quieter, making them a primary mode of transportation for some logistics companies. However, limited by battery capacity, electric trucks have a short driving range, hindering their widespread adoption. While large-scale deployment of charging infrastructure is underway, V2V charging technology, which is currently being extensively researched, is considered an effective way to alleviate range anxiety for electric trucks. V2V charging allows vehicles to charge each other; if an electric truck needs to recharge while driving, it can obtain power from adjacent electric trucks in the fleet without needing to find a charging station. However, a comprehensive fleet organization solution is currently lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method, device and medium for optimizing the V2V on-the-go charging formation scheme of electric long-distance vehicle fleets.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0005] An optimization method for V2V in-transit charging formation of an electric long-haul fleet includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Divide the expressway where electric trucks will be convoyed into several road segments according to the location of the entrance and exit, and obtain road segment information and vehicle information;

[0007] S2. Based on the transportation needs proposed by the freight company, determine the entry and exit points of each vehicle in the fleet on the expressway, and determine the initial SoC value of each vehicle when it enters the expressway.

[0008] S3. Based on the currently received vehicle status information and vehicle path, determine the order of vehicles in the fleet at different times, and identify the vehicles that need to be charged via V2V on the way, so as to minimize the total energy consumption of the fleet.

[0009] S4. The electric trucks in the fleet are grouped and V2V charged according to the solved scheme, and travel along the set route to meet the needs of cargo transportation.

[0010] Furthermore, the road segment information includes the length of the road segment, and the vehicle information includes battery capacity, SoC consumption per kilometer, and charging efficiency;

[0011] Step S1 includes:

[0012] Determine the driving direction, find the entrance where the earliest vehicle enters the expressway and the exit where the latest vehicle leaves the expressway, regard the entrances and exits with vehicles entering and leaving as nodes, divide the expressway into multiple segments, number the segments sequentially, and calculate the driving distance of each segment.

[0013] Further, step S2 includes:

[0014] Companies using electric trucks for long-distance transportation determine the entry and exit points of all vehicles in their fleet on highways and expressways, and the end points of convoy operations based on their transportation needs. They input the initial SoC value of the vehicles when they start convoy operations based on the vehicle operation status or predict the initial SoC value based on known conditions.

[0015] Further, step S3 includes:

[0016] S31. Based on the location of the convoy entering and leaving the expressway, the objective is to minimize the difference between the final SoC and the initial SoC, that is, to minimize the total energy consumption of all vehicles and minimize range anxiety.

[0017] S32. Determine that the SoC value of all vehicles on each road segment is within the safety constraints, meaning that they have sufficient power to complete the transportation task.

[0018] Further, the expression for the objective in step S31 is:

[0019]

[0020] OBJ2=-γ lb

[0021] For each electric van in the fleet, the SoC calculation formula is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where s is the road segment number; k is the vehicle number; l is the rank in a vehicle convoy; S is the total number of road segments; K is the total number of electric trucks; L s L represents the number of electric trucks in road segment s; max D is the maximum convoy length. s β is the length of segment s; h(k) is the segment number when the electric truck begins to enter the convoy; e(k) is the segment number when the electric truck leaves the convoy; k For the initial SoC of electric truck k; γ ub The upper limit for the SoC of electric vans; γ engine SoC consumption per kilometer for electric vans; γ platoonFor the decrease in SoC per kilometer through platooning; γ V2V This is due to the decrease in SoC per kilometer caused by platooning; φ V2V V2V on-the-go charging efficiency for electric trucks; x k,s,l The variable is used to characterize whether the electric truck is at the l-th position in road segment s. If the value is 1, it indicates that the truck is at that position; otherwise, it is 0. This indicates whether the electric truck k is the l-th vehicle in the convoy on road segment s and is charging the vehicle behind it. This indicates that electric truck k is the l-th vehicle in segment s and is receiving charging from the vehicle in front; γ lb OBJ1 represents the minimum SoC value required for the safe operation of electric vans; OBJ2 represents the total energy consumption of all vehicles in the fleet, and z represents the vehicle's SoC threshold. k,e(k) This refers to the remaining battery power of a vehicle when it leaves the convoy.

[0024] Furthermore, the constraint condition for ensuring that the SoC values ​​of all vehicles in the fleet are within a safe range in step S32 is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] k∈{1,2,…,K},h k ≤s≤e k

[0027] in, The minimum SoC allowed for electric truck k. h is the maximum allowed SoC value for electric truck k. k The road segment number where the electric trucks begin entering the convoy, e k This refers to the road segment number when the electric truck leaves the convoy.

[0028] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0029] An optimization device for V2V on-the-go charging formation scheme of electric long-distance fleet, comprising:

[0030] At least one processor;

[0031] At least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0032] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method described above.

[0033] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0034] A computer-readable storage medium storing a processor-executable program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the method described above.

[0035] By employing the above technical steps, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) Compared with the traditional transportation fleet formation optimization model, the present invention improves the existing long-distance transportation truck formation scheme, making it applicable to vehicles that are V2V charged on the way. While maintaining the low energy consumption advantage of the transportation vehicle formation, it can make full use of the vehicle formation to alleviate range anxiety. By sharing the power under the formation, it can make full use of the remaining power of the long-distance transportation electric truck, improve the power utilization rate of the fleet, and reduce the total operating cost of the fleet.

[0037] (2) Compared with similar electric freight vehicle grouping operation optimization algorithms that consider energy sharing, this algorithm has the advantages of lower computational load, more flexible SoC threshold setting, and the ability to solve for two target values ​​simultaneously. The changing SoC threshold is more in line with the actual situation of vehicle performance degradation over time in the fleet, and the application of the grouping optimization algorithm can reduce the minimum expected SoC threshold of the fleet manager, reduce the number and time of V2V charging, further reduce energy consumption, effectively improve the competitiveness of electric freight vehicles that support V2V charging, and has practical promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following description is provided with accompanying drawings of the relevant technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings described below are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating some embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an optimization method for V2V on-the-go charging formation of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of V2V in-transit charging in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a feasible vehicle formation and charging / discharging scheme in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an optimization method for a V2V on-the-go charging formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The step numbers in the following embodiments are set only for ease of explanation, and there is no limitation on the order between the steps. The execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used, it is only for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features. Furthermore, "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0046] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0047] Terminology Explanation:

[0048] V2V: short for vehicle to vehicle. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging refers to a technology that allows electric vehicles to charge each other.

[0049] This invention provides a novel optimization model for electric long-haul truck fleet formation, enabling the rational planning of fleet grouping for vehicles operating on high-speed or expressway routes. The model updates the formation scheme in real-time based on the actual battery degradation of the vehicles. This improves upon existing long-haul truck formation schemes, making them applicable to vehicles using V2V charging en route. It can alleviate range anxiety to some extent, reduce operating costs for freight companies, and enhance the competitiveness of electric trucks, thus possessing practical value for widespread adoption.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an optimization method for V2V in-transit charging formation of electric long-haul truck fleets. The method divides expressways into several segments based on the locations of entrances and exits. It analyzes and processes information such as the number of segments, number of vehicles, maximum fleet length, distance between segments, truck routes, initial SoC (System-on-Chips), SoC energy consumption per kilometer, and charging efficiency to provide a dynamically adjusted fleet formation scheme and charging strategy. When electric trucks travel on designated routes on expressways, the method determines the vehicle's position within the fleet and whether V2V in-transit charging should be performed based on the model's solution results. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Divide the expressway where electric trucks will be convoyed into several sections based on the location of the entrance and exit, and obtain section information and vehicle information.

[0052] In this embodiment, the road segment information includes the length of the road segment, and the vehicle information includes battery capacity, SoC consumption per kilometer, and charging efficiency. Step S1 specifically includes: determining a driving direction, finding the entrance where the earliest vehicle enters the expressway and the exit where the latest vehicle leaves the expressway, treating the entrances and exits with vehicles entering and exiting as nodes, dividing the road segment into multiple road segments, numbering them sequentially, and calculating the driving distance of each road segment.

[0053] S2. Based on the transportation needs proposed by the freight company, determine the entry and exit points of each vehicle in the fleet on the expressway, and determine the initial SoC value of each vehicle when entering the expressway.

[0054] In some embodiments, companies using electric trucks for long-distance transportation determine the entry and exit points of all vehicles in their fleet on expressways and the end points of convoy operations based on their transportation needs, and input or predict the initial SoC value for the start of convoy operations based on vehicle operating conditions or known conditions.

[0055] S3. Based on the currently received vehicle status information and vehicle path, determine the order of vehicles in the convoy at different times, and identify the vehicles that need to be charged via V2V on the way, so as to minimize the total energy consumption of the convoy.

[0056] As an optional implementation, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0057] S31. Based on the location of the convoy entering and leaving the expressway, determine the objective to minimize the difference between the final SoC and the initial SoC, that is, to minimize the total energy consumption of all vehicles and minimize range anxiety.

[0058] Specifically, the expression for the objective in step S31 is:

[0059]

[0060] OBJ2=-γ lb

[0061] For each electric van in the fleet, the SoC calculation formula is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where s is the road segment number; k is the vehicle number; l is the rank in a vehicle convoy; S is the total number of road segments; K is the total number of electric trucks; L s L represents the number of electric trucks in road segment s; max D is the maximum convoy length. s β is the length of segment s; h(k) is the segment number when the electric truck begins to enter the convoy; e(k) is the segment number when the electric truck leaves the convoy; k For the initial SoC of electric truck k; γ ub The upper limit for the SoC of electric vans; γ engine SoC consumption per kilometer for electric vans; γ platoon For the decrease in SoC per kilometer through platooning; γ V2V This is due to the decrease in SoC per kilometer caused by platooning; φ V2V V2V on-the-go charging efficiency for electric trucks; x k,s,l The variable is used to characterize whether the electric truck is at the l-th position in road segment s. If the value is 1, it indicates that the truck is at that position; otherwise, it is 0. This indicates whether the electric truck k is the l-th vehicle in the convoy on road segment s and is charging the vehicle behind it. This indicates that electric truck k is the l-th vehicle in segment s and is receiving charging from the vehicle in front; γ lb This represents the minimum SoC value required for the safe operation of electric trucks.

[0064] S32. Determine that the SoC value of all vehicles on each road segment is within the safety constraints, meaning that they have sufficient power to complete the transportation task.

[0065] The constraint condition for the SoC values ​​of all vehicles in the fleet to be within the safe range in step S32 is:

[0066]

[0067] k∈{1,2,…,K},h k ≤s≤e k

[0068] S4. The electric trucks in the fleet are grouped and V2V charged according to the solved scheme, and travel along the set route to meet the needs of cargo transportation.

[0069] The vehicles in the fleet are grouped according to a set organizational structure, and vehicles that need to be charged en route via V2V establish a power sharing mechanism to meet transportation needs.

[0070] The following combination Figures 1-3 The above method will be explained in detail with specific embodiments. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of V2V charging in transit.

[0071] A highway is divided into 10 sections, numbered 1 to 10, based on its entrance and exit locations, with the intervals between stations shown in Table 1. A convoy consists of 14 vehicles, and their initial SoC values ​​and entry and exit points on the highway are shown in Table 2. The maximum convoy length is 8 km, with a power loss of 0.5% per kilometer. Formation driving saves 0.05% of energy per kilometer, and the charging efficiency is 80%. For electric trucks using V2V charging, the additional power loss per kilometer due to V2V charging is 0.3%.

[0072] Table 1. Basic information of road sections in the example.

[0073] Road section number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Road segment length / km 7 20 9 6 13 17 5 12 15 5

[0074] Table 2. Vehicle routes and initial SoC values ​​in the examples.

[0075] Vehicle number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Initial SoC / % 40 60 40 60 40 60 40 60 40 60 40 60 40 60 Starting section 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 Termination section 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10

[0076] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides an optimized charging and grouping scheme for electric vehicle fleets for long-distance transportation, including the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Based on the given vehicle information such as the length of each road segment, battery capacity, SoC consumption per kilometer, and charging efficiency, first set the initial lower limit γ of the SoC. lb =20.5%, for a given γ lb Optimize the total energy consumption OBJ1 until the optimization problem becomes unsolvable.

[0078] Step 2: Gradually adjust the SoC value setting. It was found that 28% was close to the limit that OBJ2 could achieve, so the calculation was stopped.

[0079] Step 3: Since the Pareto surface is relatively linear, fleet managers can weigh the need to reduce energy consumption and range anxiety and choose a suitable solution. The model outputs feasible formation schemes based on the fleet manager's settings.

[0080] Step 4: Vehicles traveling on highways automatically form groups and activate V2V charging according to the derived scheme. A feasible platoon formation and charging scheme is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0081] This embodiment also provides a device for optimizing the V2V on-the-go charging and grouping scheme of electric long-distance vehicle fleets, including:

[0082] At least one processor;

[0083] At least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0084] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements Figure 4 The method shown.

[0085] This embodiment of the device for optimizing the V2V charging and formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet can execute the method for optimizing the V2V charging and formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet provided in the method embodiment of the present invention. It can execute any combination of the implementation steps of the method embodiment and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0086] This application also discloses a computer program product or computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and execute the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform... Figure 4 The method shown.

[0087] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing instructions or programs that can execute the method for optimizing the V2V on-the-go charging formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet provided in the method embodiment of the present invention. When the instructions or programs are run, any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment can be executed, and the method has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects.

[0088] In some alternative embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagrams may not occur in the order shown in the operation diagrams. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, two consecutively shown blocks may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order. Furthermore, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of this invention are provided by way of example to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is altered and sub-operations described as part of a larger operation are executed independently.

[0089] Furthermore, although the invention has been described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, one or more of the described functions and / or features may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in a separate physical device or software module. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for understanding the invention. Rather, given the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the apparatus disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the scope of conventional skill of an engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the invention as set forth in the claims using ordinary techniques without excessive experimentation. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0090] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0091] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0092] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0093] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0094] In the foregoing description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "another embodiment," or "some embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0096] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the V2V in-transit charging formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Divide the expressway where electric trucks will be convoyed into several road segments according to the location of the entrance and exit, and obtain road segment information and vehicle information; S2. Based on the transportation needs proposed by the freight company, determine the entry and exit points of each vehicle in the fleet on the expressway, and determine the initial SoC value of each vehicle when it enters the expressway. S3. Based on the currently received vehicle status information and vehicle path, determine the order of vehicles in the fleet at different times, and identify the vehicles that need to be charged via V2V on the way, so as to minimize the total energy consumption of the fleet. S4. The electric trucks in the fleet are grouped and V2V charged according to the solved scheme, and travel along the set route to meet the needs of cargo transportation. Step S3 includes: S31. Based on the location of the convoy entering and leaving the expressway, the objective is to minimize the difference between the final SoC and the initial SoC, that is, to minimize the total energy consumption of all vehicles and minimize range anxiety. S32. Determine that the SoC value of all vehicles on each road segment is within the safety constraints, that is, that they have sufficient power to complete the transportation task. The expression for the objective in step S31 is: For each electric van in the fleet, the SoC calculation formula is as follows: in, This refers to the road segment number; For vehicle number; The position within a vehicle convoy; This represents the total number of road segments; This represents the total number of electric trucks; For road section The number of electric trucks in the country; For road section Length; For electric trucks The road segment number at which the convoy begins to enter; For electric trucks The road segment number at which the convoy left; For electric trucks The initial SoC; SoC consumption per kilometer for electric trucks; The decrease in SoC per kilometer through platooning; The decrease in SoC per kilometer of the vehicle due to V2V charging on the go; Improve V2V charging efficiency for electric trucks en route; To characterize electric trucks Is it on the road section? The first in The variable representing the vehicle's position is set to 1 if it is at that position, and 0 otherwise. Indicates electric truck Is it a road section? The first in the team The vehicle was charging the car behind it; Indicates electric truck It is a section of road The first in The vehicle is being charged by the vehicle in front of it; This represents the minimum SoC value required for the safe operation of electric trucks. This represents the total energy consumption of all vehicles in the convoy. This indicates the vehicle's SoC threshold. This refers to the remaining battery power of a vehicle when it leaves the convoy.

2. The method for optimizing the V2V in-transit charging formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The road segment information includes the length of the road segment, and the vehicle information includes battery capacity, SoC consumption per kilometer, and charging efficiency. Step S1 includes: Determine the driving direction, find the entrance where the earliest vehicle enters the expressway and the exit where the latest vehicle leaves the expressway, regard the entrances and exits with vehicles entering and leaving as nodes, divide the expressway into multiple segments, number the segments sequentially, and calculate the driving distance of each segment.

3. The method for optimizing the V2V in-transit charging formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Companies using electric trucks for long-distance transportation determine the entry and exit points of all vehicles in their fleet on highways and expressways, and the end points of convoy operations based on their transportation needs. They input the initial SoC value of the vehicles when they start convoy operations based on the vehicle operation status or predict the initial SoC value based on known conditions.

4. The method for optimizing the V2V in-transit charging formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraint condition for the SoC values ​​of all vehicles in the fleet to be within the safe range in step S32 is: in, For electric trucks Minimum allowed SoC For electric trucks Maximum allowed SoC value For electric trucks The road segment number at which the convoy begins to enter. For electric trucks The road segment number when leaving the convoy.

5. A device for optimizing the V2V on-the-go charging and formation scheme of an electric long-distance vehicle fleet, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; At least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method of any one of claims 1-4.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing a processor-executable program, characterized in that, The processor-executable program, when executed by the processor, is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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