Comfortable combined fabric with filtering, high-heat protection and flame resistance and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a comfortable combined fabric with filtering, high-heat protection and flame-retardant functions and a preparation method thereof. The combined fabric provided by the application comprises a superposition unit; the superposition unit is composed of a protective outer layer, a three-in-one composite layer and an air layer formed by superposition of the protective outer layer and the three-in-one composite layer; the three-in-one composite layer is composed of a protective inner layer, a filtering layer and a comfortable layer in sequence; and the protective inner layer is connected with the protective outer layer. The combined fabric has the functions of flame retardation, air permeation, moisture permeation and comfort, and also has the functions of filtering, high-heat protection, high-heat radiation heat protection and the like. The combined fabric can be used for preparing flame-retardant head cover products in the field of emergency fire fighting, but is not limited to this.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire-retardant materials technology, specifically relating to a comfortable composite fabric with filtration, high-heat protection, and flame retardancy, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Safety emergency response and fire rescue are important components of national security and social stability. In particular, fire rescue operations involve large amounts of smoke, flames, and radiant heat. Providing necessary head and neck protection for workers and improving their personal safety and operational efficiency are of paramount importance.

[0003] Current fire hoods are generally made of single or double layers of flame-retardant knitted fabric through a simple sewing process. They can reduce the damage to the firefighter's head / neck from flames and radiant heat to a certain extent, but the protection level for workers is very low. At the same time, the existing single / double layer combination fabrics are also difficult to provide effective fire smoke protection for workers.

[0004] For example, CN212262181U discloses a headgear with filtering and flame-retardant function. It is made of Nomex knitted fabric and Nano Flex filter membrane to form a flame-retardant fabric with certain filtering function. Although the composite fabric ensures the filtering function, its heat protection performance is poor and the aramid fiber has poor moisture absorption and perspiration performance, resulting in poor overall comfort performance and poor heat radiation resistance of the fabric, which can easily cause heat stress, burns and other problems for workers.

[0005] CN215473642U discloses a fine-particle filtering fire-retardant headgear, which is made of multi-functional layers stacked with adhesives. It has functions such as filtration, antibacterial and antistatic. However, its innermost layer is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fabric. Although PTFE has excellent resistance to high and low temperatures and acids and alkalis, its breathability and moisture-wicking properties are poor. In addition, the excessive number of fabric layers and multiple layers of adhesive also reduce the overall breathability and moisture permeability of the fabric, which can easily cause heat stress and burns to workers.

[0006] It is evident that existing fire hoods have problems with low thermal protection performance and poor breathability / moisture wicking performance, which can easily cause burns and heat stress to workers, reduce their work efficiency, and in severe cases endanger their lives. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comfortable composite fabric with filtration, high heat protection, and flame retardancy, which improves heat protection, heat radiation protection, breathability, and moisture wicking properties while ensuring filtration efficiency and flame retardancy.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite fabric, including a stacking unit;

[0010] The superimposed unit consists of a protective outer layer, a three-in-one composite layer, and an air layer formed by superimposing the protective outer layer and the three-in-one composite layer;

[0011] The three-in-one composite layer is composed of a protective inner layer, a filter layer, and a comfort layer, which are sequentially combined; wherein the protective inner layer is connected to the protective outer layer.

[0012] In this invention, the weight of the composite fabric is 550-700 g / m². 2 .

[0013] In this invention, the heat shrinkage rate of the outer protective layer and the comfort layer ranges from 3% to 10%; the heat shrinkage rate of the inner protective layer ranges from <1%.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal shrinkage rate of the protective outer layer and the comfort layer ranges from 4.3% to 4.5%; the thermal shrinkage rate of the protective inner layer ranges from 0.5% to 0.6%.

[0015] In this invention, the protective inner layer is a knitted fabric made of flame-retardant core-spun yarn.

[0016] The specifications of the protective inner layer are as follows: mass per unit area is 120-200g / m². 2 Its puncture strength is 800-1200N.

[0017] The flame-retardant core-spun yarn in the protective inner layer has the following specifications: heat shrinkage rate <1%, single yarn with a linear density of 20-30S, single yarn twist coefficient of 400-700T / m, and single yarn breaking strength of 18-25cN / tex.

[0018] In the protective inner layer, the flame-retardant core-spun yarn consists of a core yarn and a covering yarn; the core yarn accounts for 40-70% of the mass percentage of the flame-retardant core-spun yarn; the core yarn is selected from one or more of glass fiber filaments, para-aramid filaments, and basalt filaments; the covering yarn is made of a fiber blend with the following mass fractions: 30-70% modified flame-retardant viscose fiber, 0-30% acrylonitrile fiber, 10-40% meta-aramid fiber or aramid sulfone fiber, and 2-4% antistatic fiber; wherein the modified flame-retardant viscose fiber is Lenzing FR purchased from Lenzing Corporation. ® 1.7dtex flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0019] The protective outer layer is a knitted fabric made of flame-retardant blended yarn.

[0020] The specifications of the protective outer layer are as follows: mass per unit area is 250-350 g / m².2 The bursting strength is 800-1200N. The specifications of the flame-retardant blended yarn are as follows: single yarn with a linear density of 10-20S, a single yarn twist coefficient of 400-600T / m, and a single yarn breaking strength of 15-18cN / tex.

[0021] The flame-retardant blended yarn in the protective outer layer is made of the following fibers by mass fraction: 20-70% modified flame-retardant viscose fiber, 0-40% acrylonitrile fiber, 10-40% meta-aramid fiber or aramid sulfone fiber, 0-5% para-aramid or polyimide fiber or poly(p-phenylenebenzodioxazole) fiber, and 2-4% antistatic fiber; wherein the modified flame-retardant viscose fiber is Lenzing FR purchased from Lenzing Corporation. ® 1.7dtex flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0022] The filter layer is a thin film with a micro / nano porous structure; the material of the thin film is selected from one or more of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, polyester, and polyolefin. The specifications of the filter layer are as follows: basis weight 12-30 g / m³. 2 The filtration efficiency for 0.1μm sodium chloride particles is 90-99.99%, with an air permeability of 2-50 mm / s and a moisture permeability of 5000-10000 g / (m³). 2 *d).

[0023] The comfort layer is a knitted fabric made of flame-retardant blended yarn.

[0024] The flame-retardant blended yarn in the comfort layer is made of the following fibers by mass fraction: 30-70% modified flame-retardant viscose fiber, 10-30% acrylic fiber, 10-30% meta-aramid fiber or aramid sulfone fiber, and 2-4% antistatic fiber; wherein the modified flame-retardant viscose fiber is Lenzing FR purchased from Lenzing Corporation. ® 1.7dtex flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing the composite fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Preparation of flame-retardant blended yarn and flame-retardant core-spun yarn;

[0027] (2) Using the obtained flame-retardant blended yarn and flame-retardant core-spun yarn, a protective outer layer, a protective inner layer, a filter layer and a comfort layer are respectively made;

[0028] (3) The protective inner layer and the comfort layer are bonded to both sides of the filter layer, composited, and cured to obtain the three-in-one composite layer;

[0029] (4) The protective inner layer of the three-in-one composite layer is superimposed with the protective outer layer to form an air layer, thereby obtaining the composite fabric.

[0030] In step (3), the adhesive used for bonding is a flame-retardant spot adhesive; the flame-retardant spot adhesive is selected from one or more of flame-retardant PUR adhesive, flame-retardant EVA adhesive, and flame-retardant PET adhesive.

[0031] The flame-retardant dotted adhesive is prepared by using halogen-free flame retardants as additives and modifying one or more of PUR adhesives, EVA adhesives, and PET adhesives.

[0032] In step (3), the conditions for the composite process are: temperature of 100℃-140℃ and vehicle speed of 5-15m / min.

[0033] In step (3), the curing process conditions are: curing temperature of 25℃-35℃, curing time of 48h-72h, and humidity of 50%-80%.

[0034] Thirdly, the present invention provides an emergency fire-fighting product comprising the aforementioned composite fabric.

[0035] Preferably, the emergency fire-fighting product is a fire hood.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0037] 1. This invention combines a protective outer layer and a three-in-one composite layer (protective inner layer, filter layer, and comfort layer) through a superimposed unit, and utilizes the air layer formed by the superimposed unit to improve the thermal protection performance of the composite fabric.

[0038] 2. This invention uses a flame-retardant dot-matrix adhesive to combine a protective inner layer, a filter layer, and a comfort layer into a three-in-one composite fabric. While ensuring overall flame-retardant performance, this composite fabric also has excellent particulate matter filtration performance, effectively blocking the penetration of smoke and dust particles. The filtration efficiency of the 0.1μm sodium chloride particles is ≥90%.

[0039] 3. The protective inner layer provided by the present invention is made of flame-retardant core-spun yarn with extremely low heat shrinkage rate. By utilizing the different heat shrinkage rates of the protective outer layer, comfort layer and protective inner layer, the heat shrinkage of the protective outer layer and comfort layer is greater than that of the protective inner layer when the composite fabric is heated, which further increases the size of the cavity between the layers to accommodate more still air and improve the heat protection performance of the composite fabric.

[0040] 4. This invention uses a variety of comfortable flame-retardant fibers (modified flame-retardant viscose fiber, acrylonitrile fiber), inherently flame-retardant fibers (meta-aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, poly(p-phenylene benzodioxazole fiber), and conductive fibers to blend and weave a protective outer layer, a comfortable layer, and a protective inner layer. At the same time, a filter layer with breathable and moisture-permeable properties is combined using a dot-matrix adhesive composite process, which gives the combined fabric comfortable properties such as moisture absorption and breathability.

[0041] In summary, the composite fabric produced by this invention not only possesses flame retardant and breathable moisture-wicking comfort properties, but also has filtration properties, high heat protection properties, and high heat radiation heat protection properties, achieving a balance between structural and functional performance. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the composite fabric provided by the present invention; in the figure: (1) protective outer layer; (2) protective inner layer; (3) filter layer; (4) comfort layer; (5) flame-retardant dotted adhesive layer.

[0043] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the flame-retardant core-spun yarn provided by the present invention; in the figure: (6) covering yarn; (7) core yarn. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents, materials, instruments, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0047] The modified flame-retardant viscose fiber used in the following examples was lenzing FR purchased from Lenzing. ® 1.7dtex flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0048] The other fibers used in the following examples are all commercially available conventional fiber products.

[0049] The flame-retardant spot adhesives used in the following examples are commercially available products. They are made by modifying one or more of conventional PU adhesives, EVA adhesives, and PET adhesives with halogen-free flame retardants as additives.

[0050] The testing methods for fabric properties involved in this invention include the following:

[0051] GB / T 5455-2014 Tests on the vertical damage length, smoldering and afterflame time of textiles;

[0052] GB / T 12704.1-2009 Textiles - Test methods for moisture permeability of fabrics - Part 1: Moisture absorption method;

[0053] GB / T 38302-2019 Test method for thermal protection performance of protective clothing;

[0054] GB 2626-2019 Respiratory protection - Self-priming filtering respirators for particulate matter;

[0055] GB / T 5453-1997 Textiles - Determination of air permeability of fabrics;

[0056] GB / T 19976-2005 Determination of bursting strength of textiles - steel ball method;

[0057] Example 1: Preparation of Composite Fabrics

[0058] This embodiment provides a comfortable composite fabric with filtration, high heat protection, and flame retardancy, which consists of, from the outside to the inside: a protective outer layer, a protective inner layer, a filter layer, and a comfort layer.

[0059] The filter layer is bonded to the comfort layer and the protective inner layer on both sides with flame-retardant dot-shaped adhesive to form a three-in-one composite layer.

[0060] The protective inner layer of the three-in-one composite layer is superimposed on the protective outer layer to form an air layer, thus obtaining the composite fabric.

[0061] The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0062] (1) Preparation of the protective outer layer: The protective outer layer is made of comfortable flame-retardant blended yarn. Specifically, the flame-retardant blended yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylonitrile fiber (23%), meta-aramid fiber (25%), and antistatic fiber (2%).

[0063] In this implementation case, the flame-retardant yarn produced is a 16S single yarn with a twist coefficient of 534 T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 9.7%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 16.8 cN / dtex. The fabric produced is a rib knit structure with a unit mass of 310 g / m². 2 The bursting strength is 862N, the heat shrinkage rate is 4.5%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 65mm, and the weft damage length is 73mm.

[0064] (2) Preparation of the protective inner layer: The protective inner layer is made of comfortable flame-retardant core-spun yarn. Specifically, the flame-retardant core-spun yarn uses para-aramid filament as the core yarn. The para-aramid filament has a linear density of 110D, a breaking strength of 18.76cN / dtex, and a heat shrinkage rate of ≤0.2%. The covering yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylonitrile fiber (20%), aramid fiber (28%), and antistatic fiber (2%).

[0065] In this implementation case, the flame-retardant core-spun yarn produced is a 24S single yarn with a twist coefficient of 456T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 16.7%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 19.6cN / dtex; the fabric produced is a weft-knitted plain weave structure with a unit mass of 185g / m². 2 The bursting strength is 954N, the heat shrinkage rate is 0.6%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 10mm, and the weft damage length is 15mm.

[0066] (3) Preparation of the filter layer: The filter layer is made of polyimide; specifically, it is made into a nanofiber membrane by electrospinning; in this embodiment, the basis weight of the filter layer is 15 g / m³. 2 The filtration efficiency is 98%, the air permeability is 20mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 6100g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0067] (4) Preparation of the comfort layer: The comfort layer is made of comfort-type flame-retardant blended yarn; specifically, the flame-retardant blended yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylonitrile fiber (23%), meta-aramid fiber (25%), and antistatic fiber (2%).

[0068] In this implementation case, the flame-retardant blended yarn produced is a 40S single yarn with a twist coefficient of 773T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 12.3%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 16.2cN / dtex. The resulting comfort layer fabric is a weft-knitted plain weave structure with a unit weight of 113g / m². 2 The bursting strength is 364N, the heat shrinkage rate is 4.3%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 79mm, and the weft damage length is 69mm.

[0069] (5) Preparation of the three-in-one composite layer: The two sides of the filter layer are bonded to the protective inner layer and the comfort layer respectively using flame-retardant PUR dot-matrix adhesive to form a three-in-one composite layer structure. Specifically, the composite temperature is 125℃, the vehicle speed is 5m / min, the curing time is 48h, the curing temperature is 28℃, the humidity is 65%, and the weight of the three-in-one fabric is 320g / m². 2The flame retardant performance is 0s for warp afterflame and 0s for weft afterflame. The warp damage length is 23mm and the weft damage length is 18mm.

[0070] (6) Preparation of composite fabric: The inner protective layer and the outer protective layer of the three-in-one composite layer are stacked to form a certain air layer in the middle of the composite fabric. Specifically, the overall weight of the composite fabric is 632 g / m². 2 The thermal protection performance (TPP) of the composite fabric is 28 cal / cm². 2 The thermal radiation protection performance (RPP) is 18 cal / cm². 2 The filtration efficiency is 95.4%, the air permeability is 16 mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 5410 g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0071] Example 2: Preparation of Composite Fabrics

[0072] This embodiment provides a comfortable composite fabric with filtration, high heat protection, and flame retardancy, which consists of, from the outside to the inside: a protective outer layer, a protective inner layer, a filter layer, and a comfort layer.

[0073] The filter layer is bonded to the comfort layer and the protective inner layer on both sides with flame-retardant dot-shaped adhesive to form a three-in-one composite layer.

[0074] The protective inner layer of the three-in-one composite layer is superimposed on the protective outer layer to form an air layer, thus obtaining the composite fabric.

[0075] The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0076] (1) Preparation of the protective outer layer: The protective outer layer is made of a comfortable flame-retardant blended yarn. Specifically, the flame-retardant blended yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylonitrile fiber (23%), meta-aramid fiber (25%), and antistatic fiber (2%). In this embodiment, the flame-retardant yarn is a 16S single yarn with a twist coefficient of 534T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 9.7%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 16.8cN / dtex. The fabric is a rib knitted structure with a unit mass of 310g / m. 2 The bursting strength is 862N, the heat shrinkage rate is 4.5%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 65mm, and the weft damage length is 73mm.

[0077] (2) Preparation of the protective inner layer: The protective inner layer is made of comfortable flame-retardant core-spun yarn. Specifically, the flame-retardant core-spun yarn uses basalt filament as the core yarn. The basalt filament has a linear density of 100D, a breaking strength of 19.45cN / dtex, and a heat shrinkage rate of ≤0.2%. The covering yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylonitrile fiber (20%), aramid fiber (28%), and antistatic fiber (2%). In this embodiment, the flame-retardant core-spun yarn is a 24S single yarn with a twist coefficient of 478T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 17.2%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 20.1cN / dtex. The fabric is a weft-knitted plain weave structure with a unit mass of 191g / m. 2 The bursting strength is 987N, the heat shrinkage rate is 0.5%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 9mm, and the weft damage length is 14mm.

[0078] (3) Preparation of the filter layer: The filter layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene; specifically, it is made into a microporous membrane by an expansion and stretching process; in this embodiment, the basis weight of the filter layer is 14 g / m³. 2 It has a filtration efficiency of 98%, an air permeability of 1 mm / s, and a moisture permeability of 8000 g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0079] (4) Preparation of the comfort layer: The comfort layer is made of a comfortable flame-retardant blended yarn; specifically, the flame-retardant blended yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylonitrile fiber (23%), meta-aramid fiber (25%), and antistatic fiber (2%); in this embodiment, the flame-retardant blended yarn is a 40S single yarn with a single yarn twist coefficient of 773T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 12.3%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 16.2cN / dtex. The comfort layer fabric is a weft-knitted plain weave structure with a unit mass of 113g / m. 2 The bursting strength is 364N, the heat shrinkage rate is 4.3%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 79mm, and the weft damage length is 69mm.

[0080] (5) Preparation of the three-in-one composite layer: The two sides of the filter layer are bonded to the comfort layer and the protective inner layer respectively with flame-retardant PUR dot-matrix adhesive to form a three-in-one composite layer structure. Specifically, the composite temperature is 125℃, the vehicle speed is 5m / min, the curing time is 48h, the curing temperature is 28℃, the humidity is 65%, and the weight of the three-in-one fabric is 320g / m². 2 The flame retardant performance is 0s for warp afterflame and 0s for weft afterflame. The warp damage length is 23mm and the weft damage length is 18mm.

[0081] (6) Preparation of the composite fabric: The inner protective layer and the outer protective layer of the three-in-one composite layer are stacked to form a certain air layer in the middle of the composite fabric. Specifically, the overall weight of the composite fabric is 641 g / m². 2 The thermal protection performance (TPP) of the composite fabric is 27 cal / cm². 2 The thermal radiation protection performance (RPP) is 19 cal / cm². 2 The filtration efficiency is 96.6%, the air permeability is 1.6 mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 7120 g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] The difference from Example 1 is that the superimposed unit of the protective outer layer and the three-in-one fabric is removed; specifically, the protective inner layer is removed, and the protective outer layer, filter layer and comfort layer are directly bonded together with flame-retardant dot-shaped adhesive to form a three-in-one composite fabric; the preparation process of the three-in-one fabric is the same as that of Example 1.

[0084] The test results are as follows:

[0085] The performance indicators of the composite fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1 are as follows: Overall weight is 470 g / m². 2 The thermal protection performance (TPP) of the three-in-one composite fabric is 14.9 cal / cm². 2 The thermal radiation protection performance (RPP) is 11.3 cal / cm². 2 The filtration efficiency is 96.1%, the air permeability is 17 mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 5010 g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0086] The results showed that the thermal protection and thermal radiation protection performance of the composite fabric without the superimposed unit decreased significantly, and the breathability and moisture permeability were relatively poor. This indicates that the superimposed unit can significantly improve the thermal protection and thermal radiation protection performance of the composite fabric, and has little impact on the overall breathability and moisture permeability of the composite fabric.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] The difference from Example 1 lies in the yarn used in the inner protective layer. Specifically, it uses a flame-retardant blended yarn with a heat shrinkage rate that is basically the same as that of the outer protective layer and the comfort layer. This flame-retardant blended yarn is made of modified flame-retardant viscose fiber (50%), acrylic fiber (23%), meta-aramid fiber (25%), and antistatic fiber (2%). In this comparative example, the flame-retardant yarn is a 24S single yarn with a twist coefficient of 598 T / m, a yarn unevenness rate of 11.7%, and a single yarn breaking strength of 16.4 cN / dtex. The fabric is a weft-knitted structure with a unit mass of 172 g / m². 2 The bursting strength is 642N, the heat shrinkage rate is 4.5%, the flame retardant performance is 0s warp afterflame and 0s weft afterflame, the warp damage length is 97mm, and the weft damage length is 95mm; the rest of the related processes are the same as in Example 1.

[0089] The test results are as follows:

[0090] The performance indicators of the composite fabric obtained in Comparative Example 2 are as follows: Overall weight is 624 g / m². 2 The thermal protection performance (TPP) of the composite fabric is 18.1 cal / cm². 2 The thermal radiation protection performance (RPP) is 12.7 cal / cm². 2 The filtration efficiency is 95.3%, the air permeability is 15mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 4920g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0091] The results showed that using flame-retardant blended yarns with similar heat shrinkage rates to the outer and comfort layers to make the inner protective layer resulted in a significant decrease in the thermal protection and heat radiation protection performance of the composite fabric, but had little impact on the overall breathability and moisture permeability of the composite fabric. This indicates that by selecting flame-retardant blended yarns with appropriate heat shrinkage rates to make the inner, outer, and comfort layers, the composite fabric can possess excellent thermal protection, heat protection performance, and breathability and comfort performance.

[0092] Comparative Example 3

[0093] The difference from Example 1 is that the composite treatment is different; specifically, a conventional unmodified polyurethane dot adhesive is used, while the other related processes are the same as in Example 1.

[0094] The test results are as follows:

[0095] The performance indicators of the three-in-one composite layer obtained in Comparative Example 3 are as follows: flame retardant performance is flame retardant in both the warp and weft directions.

[0096] The performance indicators of the composite fabric obtained in Comparative Example 3 are as follows: overall weight is 623 g / m². 2The thermal protection performance (TPP) of the composite fabric is 21 cal / cm². 2 The thermal radiation protection performance (RPP) is 13 cal / cm². 2 The filtration efficiency is 95.6%, the air permeability is 18 mm / s, and the moisture permeability is 4840 g / (m²). 2 *d).

[0097] The results showed that composite fabrics made with conventional polyurethane dot adhesives could not simultaneously achieve optimal filtration efficiency, breathability, moisture permeability, and flame retardancy. This indicates that using specific flame-retardant dot adhesives can significantly improve the overall flame retardancy of the fabric while ensuring its filtration efficiency, breathability, and moisture permeability.

[0098] Comparative Example 4

[0099] The difference from Example 2 is that the filter layer of the combined fabric is different, specifically a polytetrafluoroethylene film with no air permeability or moisture permeability; the rest of the related processes are the same as in Example 2.

[0100] The test results are as follows:

[0101] The performance indicators of the composite fabric obtained in Comparative Example 4 are as follows: Overall weight is 636 g / m². 2 The thermal protection performance (TPP) of the composite fabric is 26.3 cal / cm². 2 The thermal radiation protection performance (RPP) is 17.6 cal / cm². 2 The filtration efficiency could not be tested due to the fabric being too dense, and it lacked breathability and moisture permeability.

[0102] The results showed that using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film with no air or moisture permeability had little impact on the thermal protection and heat radiation protection performance of the composite fabric, but it failed to achieve the desired filtration and air / moisture permeability. This indicates that the film with a micro / nano porous structure used in this invention to prepare the filter layer can improve the filtration and air / moisture permeability of the composite fabric while ensuring its thermal and heat radiation protection performance.

[0103] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fabric, comprising overlapping units; The superimposed unit consists of an air layer formed by superimposing a protective outer layer and a three-in-one composite layer; The three-in-one composite layer is composed of a protective inner layer, a filter layer, and a comfort layer, which are sequentially combined; wherein the protective inner layer is connected to the protective outer layer. The heat shrinkage rate of the protective outer layer and the comfort layer ranges from 3% to 10%. The thermal shrinkage rate of the protective inner layer is <1%; The protective inner layer is a knitted fabric made of flame-retardant core-spun yarn; The flame-retardant core-spun yarn is composed of a core yarn and a covering yarn; the core yarn accounts for 40-70% of the mass of the flame-retardant core-spun yarn. The core yarn is selected from one or more of glass fiber filaments, para-aramid filaments, and basalt filaments; The covering yarn is made of the following fiber blend by mass fraction: 30-50% modified flame retardant viscose fiber, 20-30% acrylic fiber, 10-40% meta-aramid fiber or aramid sulfone fiber, and 2-4% antistatic fiber; The protective outer layer is a knitted fabric made of flame-retardant blended yarn; The flame-retardant blended yarn in the protective outer layer is made of the following fibers by mass fraction: 20-50% modified flame-retardant viscose fiber, 23-40% acrylonitrile fiber, 10-40% meta-aramid fiber or aramid sulfone fiber, 0-5% para-aramid or polyimide fiber or poly(p-phenylene benzodioxazole) fiber, and 2-4% antistatic fiber; The filter layer is a thin film with a micro-nano porous structure; The film is made of one or more of the following materials: polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, polyester, and polyolefin. The comfort layer is a knitted fabric made of flame-retardant blended yarn; The flame-retardant blended yarn is made of the following fibers by mass fraction: 50-70% modified flame-retardant viscose fiber, 10-30% acrylonitrile fiber, 10-30% meta-aramid fiber or aramid sulfone fiber, and 2-4% antistatic fiber.

2. The method for preparing the composite fabric according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of flame-retardant blended yarn and flame-retardant core-spun yarn; (2) Using the obtained flame-retardant blended yarn and flame-retardant core-spun yarn, a protective outer layer, a protective inner layer, a filter layer and a comfort layer are respectively made; (3) The protective inner layer and the comfort layer are bonded to both sides of the filter layer, composited, and cured to obtain the three-in-one composite layer; (4) The protective inner layer of the three-in-one composite layer is superimposed with the protective outer layer to form an air layer, thereby obtaining the composite fabric.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (3), the adhesive used for bonding is a flame-retardant spot adhesive; The flame-retardant dotted adhesive is selected from one or more of flame-retardant PUR adhesive, flame-retardant EVA adhesive, and flame-retardant PET adhesive; The conditions for the composite are: temperature 100℃-140℃, vehicle speed 5-15m / min; The curing process conditions are as follows: curing temperature is 25℃-35℃, curing time is 48h-72h, and humidity is 50%-80%.

4. An emergency fire-fighting product comprising the composite fabric as described in claim 1.

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