A photovoltaic laminate, photovoltaic module, array of photovoltaic modules

Abstract

This invention provides a photovoltaic laminate, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic module array, relating to the field of photovoltaic technology, to solve the technical problems of photovoltaic modules being unable to simultaneously meet mechanical load requirements and being unable to thoroughly clean accumulated water and dust. The photovoltaic laminate includes at least a stacked cover plate, a first encapsulant film, and a second encapsulant film. A predetermined edge of the photovoltaic laminate has a drainage structure formed in the first encapsulant film. The drainage structure includes a plurality of alternating first protrusions and at least one first groove structure distributed along the extension direction of the predetermined edge. The cover plate has a recessed structure formed in at least one first groove structure. The first peripheral sidewall of the recessed structure is abutted against the third peripheral sidewall of the corresponding first groove structure, and the bottom wall of the recessed structure is abutted against the second encapsulant film. The at least one recessed structure is used to accommodate at least a portion of a corresponding second protrusion on a predetermined frame of the photovoltaic laminate. This photovoltaic laminate can prevent water and dust accumulation at the predetermined frame position while simultaneously meeting mechanical load requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic laminate, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic module array. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules typically consist of a photovoltaic (PV) laminate and a frame surrounding the PV laminate. The frame protects the PV laminate and provides support. Because the PV laminate is surrounded by the frame, and the portion of the frame that adheres to the cover plate of the PV laminate is higher than the surface of the cover plate, water and dust easily accumulate on the cover plate. This reduces the effective power generation area of ​​the PV panel and can also cause current mismatch in the cells within the PV module, leading to hot spots.

[0004] In related technologies, the anti-water and anti-dust design of photovoltaic modules can lead to insufficient mechanical load or incomplete cleaning of accumulated water and dust. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic laminate, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic module array to solve the technical problem that photovoltaic modules cannot simultaneously meet mechanical load standards and thoroughly clean accumulated water and dust.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic laminate, comprising at least a stacked cover plate, a first encapsulant film, and a second encapsulant film.

[0008] The photovoltaic laminate has a pre-set edge with a drainage structure formed on the first adhesive film. The drainage structure includes a plurality of first protrusion structures and at least one first groove structure that are alternately distributed along the extension direction of the pre-set edge.

[0009] The cover plate has a recessed structure formed in the at least one first groove structure, the first peripheral sidewall of the recessed structure is in contact with the third peripheral sidewall of the corresponding first groove structure, and the bottom wall of the recessed structure is in contact with the second adhesive film.

[0010] At least one of the recessed structures is used to accommodate at least a portion of a corresponding second protrusion structure on a preset frame of the photovoltaic laminate.

[0011] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the sewage discharge structure is one of wavy, sawtooth, or triangular waveform.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, including a preset frame and the photovoltaic laminate described in the first aspect. The preset frame has a first side, a second side and a third side that enclose a receiving space. The third side is used to support a preset edge of the photovoltaic laminate, and the second side is used to adhere to the side of the preset edge of the photovoltaic laminate.

[0013] The preset frame has at least one second protrusion structure and a plurality of second groove structures formed on the first surface, wherein the second protrusion structure protrudes along a direction away from the second surface;

[0014] Each of the second groove structures corresponds to one of the first protrusion structures; one of the at least one second protrusion structure corresponds to one of the at least one recess structure.

[0015] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the second protrusion structure is not greater than the depth of the recess structure; wherein,

[0016] The thickness direction of the second protrusion and the depth direction of the recess both refer to the distribution direction from the first adhesive film to the second adhesive film in the photovoltaic laminate.

[0017] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic laminate further includes a back plate disposed on the side of the second adhesive film away from the first adhesive film, wherein the thickness of the portion of the second surface located in the second groove structure is not greater than a preset thickness, the preset thickness being the total thickness of the second adhesive film and the back plate;

[0018] The thickness direction of the second surface, the thickness direction of the second adhesive film, and the thickness direction of the back plate all refer to the distribution direction from the first adhesive film to the second adhesive film in the photovoltaic laminate.

[0019] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further has a drainage channel, the drainage channel including at least one first channel segment, the first channel segment communicating with the outside of the preset frame;

[0020] The first flow channel section is: a gap formed by the second peripheral sidewall of the second protruding structure and the first peripheral sidewall of the recessed structure.

[0021] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the drainage channel further includes a plurality of second channel segments communicating with the at least one first channel segment, wherein the second channel segment is a gap formed by the top end of the first protrusion structure and the second surface spaced apart.

[0022] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the second protrusion structure may be consistent with or inconsistent with the shape of the recessed structure; and / or,

[0023] The shape of the first protrusion may or may not be the same as the shape of the second groove.

[0024] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cover plate is a flexible cover plate.

[0025] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module array, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules, at least one of which is the photovoltaic module described in the second aspect, wherein a preset frame of the photovoltaic module is close to the ground.

[0026] In one or more technical solutions provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the following beneficial effects can be achieved.

[0027] The photovoltaic laminate of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention forms a drainage structure on a first adhesive film at a predetermined edge. Specifically, alternating first protrusions and first grooves are formed on the first adhesive film. Simultaneously, the cover plate also has a recessed structure formed within the first groove. The peripheral sidewall of the recessed structure fits against the peripheral sidewall of the first groove, and the bottom wall of the recessed structure fits against the second adhesive film. That is, the shape and size of the recessed structure of the cover plate are the same as the shape and size of the first groove. This recessed structure allows the predetermined frame at the predetermined edge of the photovoltaic laminate to be partially or entirely located within the recessed structure when the photovoltaic laminate is fixed using the second protrusion structure. Compared to the prior art where the second protrusion structure of the frame is completely located above the cover plate, the second protrusion structure of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, being located within the recessed structure, has a much lower light-receiving surface height. This means that the photovoltaic laminate is less prone to dust and water accumulation at this location. Furthermore, since the second protrusion structure can fix the recessed portion of the cover plate, the mechanical load requirements for fixing the photovoltaic laminate by the predetermined frame can be met. Based on this, the photovoltaic laminate of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention achieves water and dust prevention at the preset frame position while satisfying the preset frame mechanical load.

[0028] Furthermore, since the recessed structure is formed in the cover plate and the first encapsulant film in the laminated structure, a complete component can be formed during the lamination process. Compared with directly creating a recessed structure on the photovoltaic laminate, the photovoltaic laminate of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention will not have a destructive impact on the entire structure. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0030] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an isometric structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate and a preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of a preset border according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a top view of a photovoltaic laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a top view of the photovoltaic laminate and the preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of a preset border from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic laminate and another frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate and a preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is another cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic laminate and the preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals: 10, photovoltaic laminate; 11, first encapsulant film; 12, second encapsulant film; 13, cover plate; 14, back plate; 15, solar cell; 110, drainage structure; 111, first protruding structure; 111a, top end; 112, first groove structure; 20, pre-set frame; 21, first surface; 211, second protruding structure; 211a, second peripheral sidewall; 212, second groove structure; 22, second surface; 23, third surface; 30, drainage channel; 31, first channel section; 32, second channel section; 40, recessed structure; 41, first peripheral sidewall; 50, frame assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] As a photoelectric conversion device, a photovoltaic module typically includes a frame around its perimeter and photovoltaic laminates mounted within the frame. (Reference) Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the relative position of the photovoltaic laminate to one of the four frame borders. Because the photovoltaic laminate is completely surrounded by the frame borders, with the first surface 21 of the frame borders extending significantly above the light-receiving surface of the cover plate, the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic laminate is prone to water and dust accumulation. This reduces the effective power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and also obstructs the photovoltaic cells, causing current mismatch in the cells and leading to hot spots, posing a significant safety hazard to the actual operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] In related technologies, creating water-guiding grooves in the mounting slots of the frame increases the manufacturing cost of the frame, weakens its structural strength, and reduces the load-bearing performance of the photovoltaic module. Another method involves setting water-guiding through holes in the laminate, for example, between the sidewall of the photovoltaic laminate and the mating surface of the frame. This requires custom-made non-standard glass covers, increasing the cost of the photovoltaic module, and the edges of the through-hole area are prone to moisture ingress, posing a risk. Using a frame without an A-side (…) Figure 8 The portion of the cover plate on the photovoltaic laminate within the middle frame (surface A) is used to prevent water and dust accumulation. However, this results in insufficient mechanical load and inability to effectively secure the photovoltaic laminate. Therefore, it is evident that in related technologies, photovoltaic modules cannot simultaneously meet the requirements for preventing water and dust accumulation while also satisfying certain mechanical load requirements.

[0044] To address the aforementioned issues, the photovoltaic laminate provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a partial perforation at the edge of the first adhesive film, thereby forming alternating first protrusion structures and first groove structures. During lamination, the cover plate stacked on the first adhesive film sinks at the perforation position (first groove structure) of the first adhesive film to form a recessed structure. The recessed structure of the photovoltaic laminate can accommodate the second protrusion structure (formed on surface A of the preset frame), thereby reducing the height of the surface (light-receiving surface) of the second protrusion structure, making it difficult for water and dust to accumulate at the preset frame position. At the same time, it can fix the photovoltaic laminate with the second protrusion structure, meeting the mechanical load strength of the photovoltaic module.

[0045] It should be noted that the photovoltaic laminate provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can form a drainage structure on one preset side or on all four sides, so that the photovoltaic module can be installed at an angle close to the ground according to actual needs.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic laminate 10 mainly comprises five layers of material stacked together. From the light-receiving surface to the back-lighting surface, i.e., in the thickness direction, it sequentially includes a cover plate 13, a first encapsulating film 11, a solar cell 15, a second encapsulating film 12, and a backplate 14. The first encapsulating film 11 and the second encapsulating film 12 can be polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyolefin elastomer (POE) film, EVA / POE laminated film, EVA / POE / EVA laminated film, or POE / EVA / POE laminated film. After being stacked, the five layers are placed in a laminator. Under heating and pressure, the first encapsulating film 11 and the second encapsulating film 12 melt, forming a strong bond between the layers, thus forming the finished photovoltaic laminate. After lamination, a protective outer shell is also needed to cover the peripheral edges of the photovoltaic laminate 10 to provide mechanical support and protection. The protective casing is the frame or frame assembly, and the photovoltaic laminate with the frame or frame assembly installed forms a photovoltaic module.

[0047] Figure 2 This is an isometric structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate and a preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an isometric structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1-3 As shown, the photovoltaic laminate 10 provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes at least a stacked cover plate 13, a first adhesive film 11, and a second adhesive film 12. A predetermined edge of the photovoltaic laminate 10 has a drainage structure 110 formed in the first adhesive film 11. The drainage structure 110 includes a plurality of first protrusion structures 111 and at least one first groove structure 112 that are alternately distributed along the extension direction of the predetermined edge. The cover plate 13 has a recessed structure 40 formed in at least one first groove structure 112. The peripheral sidewall of the recessed structure 40 is fitted with the peripheral sidewall of the corresponding first groove structure 112, and the bottom wall of the recessed structure 40 is fitted with the second adhesive film 12. At least one recessed structure 40 is used to accommodate at least a portion of the corresponding second protrusion structure 211 on the predetermined frame 20 of the photovoltaic laminate 10.

[0048] In practical use, the first adhesive film 11 has a hollow structure on the preset edge where the drainage structure 110 needs to be formed. It should be noted that after the layers of the photovoltaic laminate are laminated, the hollow structure needs to be formed on the outer part of the solar cell 15, meaning the hollow structure does not affect the encapsulation and adhesion between the solar cell 15 and the cover plate 13. Exemplarily, the drainage structure 110 can be formed by cutting off a portion at the edge of the preset edge of the first adhesive film 11, creating an alternating structure of first protrusions 111 and first grooves 112. The alternating first protrusions 111 and first grooves 112 are arranged along the extending direction of the preset edge of the first adhesive film 11. Exemplarily, the number of first grooves 112 can be one or more, and the first groove 112 is formed between two first protrusions 111. Therefore, the number of first protrusions 111 is at least two. It can be understood that when the number of first grooves 112 is multiple, the number of first protrusions 111 is also more than two. It should be noted that the protrusion direction of the first protrusion structure 111 is from the middle position of the first adhesive film 11 to the preset edge.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the purpose of the drainage structure 110 is to form a recessed structure 40. The recessed structure 40 is used to accommodate at least a portion of the corresponding second protrusion structure 211 on the preset frame 20 of the photovoltaic laminate 10. Therefore, at the location of the recessed structure 40, the second protrusion structure 211 of the preset frame 20 can, on the one hand, fix the photovoltaic laminate 10 to the preset frame 20; on the other hand, it can make the light-receiving surface of the second protrusion structure 211 slightly higher than or flush with the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13. This reduces the height of the preset frame 20 at the location of the second protrusion structure 211, thus achieving the purpose of preventing water or dirt accumulation. Since the area of ​​the cover plate 13 is comparable to the area of ​​the first adhesive film 11 before it is perforated, when the first adhesive film 11 forms a first groove structure 112 on its preset edge, the cover plate 13 will sink into the corresponding first groove structure 112 during the lamination process, forming the recessed structure 40.

[0050] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first peripheral sidewall 41 of the recessed structure 40 is fitted with the third peripheral sidewall of the first groove structure 112, that is, a portion of the cover plate 13 covers the third peripheral sidewall of the first groove structure 112. When the first groove structure 112 is a rectangular structure, the third peripheral sidewall of the first groove structure 112 is composed of the side edges formed on the two first protrusion structures 111 and the bottom edge connecting the two side edges. When the first adhesive film 11 forms the first groove structure 112 on its preset edge, the photovoltaic laminate 10 will expose the second adhesive film 12 at the position of the first groove structure 112, such as... Figure 5As shown, Figure 5 This is a top view of a photovoltaic laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the bottom wall of the recessed structure 40, that is, a portion of the cover plate 13, is adhered to the second adhesive film 12. The recessed direction of the recessed structure 40 refers to the thickness direction, that is, the bottom wall of the recessed structure 40 is lower than the main body of the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13. Exemplarily, the recessed depth of the recessed structure 40 along the thickness direction is not less than the thickness of the second protruding structure 211, so that the light-receiving surface of the second protruding structure 211 does not obstruct the drainage of water or dirt.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the drainage structure 110 formed on the preset edge of the first adhesive film 11 can be a sawtooth structure. Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the drainage structure 110 can also be wavy, triangular, mountain-shaped, sine wave, or other shapes. For example, when the cross-sectional shape of the drainage structure 110 is wavy, the first protruding structure 111 is the crest, and the first groove structure 112 is the trough. The corresponding recessed structure 40 is also a trough, and the first peripheral sidewall 41 of the recessed structure 40 is an arc-shaped peripheral sidewall. The corresponding second protruding structure 211 on the preset frame 20 of the photovoltaic laminate 10 is adapted to the trough-shaped recessed structure 40.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cover plate 13 is a flexible cover plate, which can be an organically reinforced transparent flexible cover plate. The flexible cover plate 13 includes one or more resin layers, one or more glass fiber layers, and also includes an anti-ultraviolet layer. For example, the flexible cover plate 13 can be a cover plate formed by an anti-ultraviolet outer layer / resin layer / glass fiber layer / resin layer. During lamination, the flexible cover plate 13 can form a recessed structure 40 within the first groove structure 112. Therefore, a complete photovoltaic laminate can be formed without changing the existing lamination process. Based on this, the photovoltaic laminate 10 is not only simple in structure and process, but also has the function of preventing water and dust accumulation. After being combined with the preset frame 20, it can also meet the mechanical load strength requirements of the preset frame 20 on the photovoltaic laminate 10.

[0053] Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of a preset border according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an isometric structural diagram of a preset border from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, including a preset frame 20 and the aforementioned photovoltaic laminate 10. The preset frame 20 has a first surface 21, a second surface 22, and a third surface 23 enclosing a receiving space. The third surface 23 is used to support a preset edge of the photovoltaic laminate 10, and the second surface 22 is used to adhere to the side of the preset edge of the photovoltaic laminate 10. The preset frame 20 has at least one second protrusion structure 211 and a plurality of second groove structures 212 formed on the first surface 21. The second protrusion structure 211 protrudes in a direction away from the second surface 22. Each second groove structure 212 corresponds to a first protrusion structure 111. One of the at least one second protrusion structure 211 corresponds to one of the at least one recess structure 40.

[0054] In actual use, the second surface 22 and the third surface 23 on the preset frame 20 are largely consistent with the protective frame of photovoltaic modules in related technologies. The difference between the preset frame 20 and the protective frame in related technologies lies in the smaller distance between the first surface 21 and the third surface 23, and the fact that the first surface 21 is not a continuous plane, but is formed by at least one second protruding structure 211 and multiple second groove structures 212. Taking the cross-sectional shape of the drainage structure 110 as a sawtooth shape as an example, the overall shape of the first surface 21 of the preset frame 20 is also a sawtooth shape that interlocks with the drainage structure 110. Figure 4 As shown, four second groove structures 212 and three second protrusion structures 211 are alternately arranged in sequence. For example, multiple hollow structures are opened on the first surface 21 to form the second groove structure 212, and the remaining part of the first surface 21 forms the second protrusion structure 211. It should be noted that the number of second protrusion structures 211 is the same as the number of recessed structures 40. When a part of the second protrusion structure 211 is embedded in the recessed structure 40, the distance between the second protrusion structure 211 and the third surface 23 is actually the total thickness of the cover plate 13, the second adhesive film 12 and the back plate 14. Thus, the height of the light-receiving surface of the second protrusion structure 211 above the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13 is reduced compared to the height of the light-receiving surface of the first surface 21 above the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13 in the prior art. At the same time, at the second groove structure 212, the top surface of the second surface 22 will not be higher than the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13. The first surface 21 of the preset frame 20 can hardly obstruct the discharge of dirt and water, thereby reducing the accumulation of dust and water.

[0055] In some implementations... Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a photovoltaic laminate and a preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 As shown, the thickness of the second protruding structure 211 is not greater than the depth of the recessed structure 40. The thickness directions of both the second protruding structure 211 and the recessed structure 40 refer to the distribution direction of the photovoltaic laminate 10 from the first encapsulant film 11 to the second encapsulant film 12, i.e., as shown... Figure 1 The thickness direction is shown.

[0056] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the thickness of the second protruding structure 211 is h, and the depth of the recessed structure 40 is also h. That is, the light-receiving surface of the second protruding structure 211 is flush with the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13. When the photovoltaic module is installed at an angle and the preset frame 20 is in a position close to the ground, a channel for water and dirt is formed at the entire first surface 21 of the preset frame 20. Compared with the prior art, which only has a second surface 22 and a third surface 23, but does not have a frame for the first surface 21, water vapor can easily penetrate into the module, resulting in failure to meet the standards of thermal cycling test and damp heat test. The preset frame 20 of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention adopts a structure in which the first surface 21 is a part rather than the entire continuous structure, which cooperates with the recessed structure 40 of the photovoltaic laminate to meet the requirements of preventing water accumulation and dust accumulation, while also taking into account the requirements of reliability, not requiring non-standard customization, and simple and easy-to-operate module structure. The aforementioned reliability requirements include mechanical load testing, thermal cycling test (TC), and damp heat test (DH). The TC test is used to evaluate the performance stability and durability of photovoltaic modules or systems under temperature variation conditions; the DH test is a reliability test used to simulate long-term storage or use of products in high-temperature and high-humidity environments. In contrast to existing technologies where the first surface 21 of the frame is a partial rather than a continuous structure, due to manufacturing limitations, it is impossible to create a perforated structure on the photovoltaic laminate 10. This results in the partial structure of the first surface 21 being completely attached to the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13, meaning the first surface 21 is completely higher than the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13. This prevents the formation of an effective drainage channel at this location, leading to water and dust accumulation. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a perforated structure is formed on a predetermined edge of the first adhesive film 11, and the cover plate 13, after lamination, sinks to form a recessed structure 40. Based on this, there is no need to directly create grooves on the photovoltaic laminate, which would damage the entire structure. A complete module with a recessed structure 40 can be formed using existing manufacturing processes. The process is simple, and the photovoltaic laminate and the pre-set frame do not need to be customized, thus resulting in lower production costs.

[0057] In another optional embodiment, the thickness of the second protruding structure 211 is h, and the depth of the recessed structure 40 is greater than h. That is, the light-receiving surface of the second protruding structure 211 can be slightly lower than the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13, thereby forming a stepped flow channel with progressively decreasing height in the drainage channel, making it easier for accumulated water and dust to be discharged from the photovoltaic module.

[0058] Figure 10 This is another cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic laminate and the preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10As shown, the photovoltaic laminate 10 also includes a back plate 14 disposed on the side of the second adhesive film 12 away from the first adhesive film 11. The thickness of the portion of the second surface 22 located in the second groove structure 212 is not greater than a preset thickness, which is the total thickness of the second adhesive film 12 and the back plate 14. The thickness direction of the second surface 22, the thickness direction of the second adhesive film 12, and the thickness direction of the back plate 14 all refer to the distribution direction from the first adhesive film 11 to the second adhesive film 12 in the photovoltaic laminate 10.

[0059] When the length of the first adhesive film 11 is less than that of the second adhesive film 12, the second adhesive film 12 also has a protruding portion extending outward from the preset edge of the first adhesive film 11. That is, the photovoltaic laminate 10 on the side of the preset frame 20 is formed by the second adhesive film 12 and the back sheet 14. In order to ensure that water vapor does not enter the interior of the photovoltaic module, the thickness of the portion of the second surface 22 located in the second groove structure 212 can be a preset thickness H, which is the thickness of the photovoltaic laminate 10 on the side of the preset frame 20, that is, the total thickness of the second adhesive film 12 and the back sheet 14. In other words, the top surface of the second surface 22 is flush with the surface of the second adhesive film 12 away from the back sheet 14. It can be understood that the top surface of the second surface 22 can also be slightly lower than the surface of the second adhesive film 12 away from the back sheet 14, as long as water vapor does not enter the interior of the photovoltaic module. Based on this, when the photovoltaic module is installed at an angle, the first protrusion structure 111 and the second groove structure 212 of the drainage structure 110 form a stepped drainage channel with decreasing height, making it easier to drain accumulated water and dust.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the photovoltaic laminate and the preset frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic module provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention also has a drainage channel 30, the drainage channel 30 includes at least one first channel section 31, the first channel section 31 is connected to the outside of the preset frame 20; the first channel section 31 is: a gap formed by the second peripheral sidewall 211a of the second protruding structure 211 and the first peripheral sidewall 41 of the recessed structure 40.

[0061] In practical applications, the shapes of the second convex structure 211 and the concave structure 40 of the preset frame 20 can be the same, and the contour dimension of the second convex structure 211 can be smaller than that of the concave structure 40. Specifically, taking the concave structure 40 with a rectangular cross-section as an example, the second circumferential side wall 211a of the second convex structure 211 includes two side wall segments on both sides and a middle side wall segment connecting the two side wall segments, that is, a total of three side wall segments. That is, the general shape of the second circumferential side wall 211a of the second convex structure 211 is a "匚" shape; correspondingly, the first circumferential side wall 41 of the concave structure 40 also includes three side wall segments, and there is a gap between each side wall segment in the second circumferential side wall 211a and the corresponding side wall segment in the concave structure 40, thereby forming a connected first flow channel segment 31. This first flow channel segment 31 serves as at least a part of the drainage channel 30. Since it is connected to the outside of the preset frame 20, the accumulated water and dust in the gap between the second convex structure 211 and the concave structure 40 can be discharged to the external environment. The outside of the above-mentioned preset frame 20 refers to the side of the second surface 22 away from the first surface 21, that is, the external environment of the photovoltaic module.

[0062] Considering that the accumulated dust and water in the first flow channel segment 31 can be discharged more easily, as Figure 6 shown, the drainage channel 30 further includes a plurality of second flow channel segments 32 connected to at least one first flow channel segment 31. The second flow channel segment 32 is: the gap formed by the top 111a of the first convex structure 111 being spaced apart from the second surface 22. Exemplarily, the top 111a of the first convex structure 111 refers to the top of the first convex structure 111 protruding from the preset edge of the first adhesive film 11. That is, there is a certain interval between the edge of the first adhesive film 11 and the second surface 22 of the preset frame 20, and a second flow channel segment 32 is formed at the second groove structure 212. Since the first flow channel segments 31 are all connected to the second flow channel segments 32, and the second flow channel segments 32 are lower than the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13. Therefore, the accumulated dust and water in the first flow channel segment 31 can be easily discharged from the second flow channel segment 32 at this place. Generally speaking, the first flow channel segments 31 and the second flow channel segments 32 of the drainage channel 30 form a serpentine drainage channel.

[0063] In some embodiments, the shape of the second convex structure 211 is the same as the shape of the concave structure 40. For example, both of them are rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, fan-shaped, etc. The shape of the second convex structure 211 and the shape of the concave structure 40 can also be inconsistent according to actual situations. For example, the shape of the second convex structure 211 is triangular and the shape of the concave structure 40 is rectangular. As long as the concave structure 40 can accommodate part of the second convex structure 211.

[0064] For example, when the recessed structure 40 is trapezoidal, the second protruding structure 211 is also trapezoidal in shape matching the recessed structure 40. Along the direction away from the second surface 22, the width of the second protruding structure 211 decreases. For example, the second protruding structure 211 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. By adopting this type of second protruding structure 211 whose width decreases along the direction away from the second surface 22, on the one hand, it can maintain a certain mechanical strength between the second protruding structure 211 and the preset frame 20. On the other hand, when the second peripheral sidewall 211a of the second protruding structure 211 and the first peripheral sidewall 41 of the recessed structure 40 have a gap forming the first flow channel section 31, the top of the second protruding structure 211 away from the second surface 22 is smaller. That is, the part of the first flow channel section 31 located in the middle and the part extending in the same direction as the preset frame 20 are smaller. At the same time, the parts on both sides of the first flow channel section 31 are flow channels that slope to both sides. Therefore, the anti-water accumulation and anti-dust accumulation effects are better.

[0065] In other embodiments, the shape of the first protrusion structure 111 and the shape of the second groove structure 212 may be the same, for example, both may be rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, fan-shaped, etc. The shape of the first protrusion structure 111 and the shape of the second groove structure 212 may also be different, for example, the shape of the first protrusion structure 111 may be triangular and the shape of the second groove structure 212 may be rectangular.

[0066] For example, when both the second protrusion structure 211 and the second groove structure 212 of the aforementioned preset border 20 are rectangular, the width of the second protrusion structure 211 along the preset edge extension direction can be 200mm to 260mm, and the width of the second groove structure 212 along the preset edge extension direction can also be 200mm to 260mm.

[0067] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic laminate and another frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the photovoltaic laminate 10 is typically rectangular with four sides, and correspondingly, there are also four protective borders. Besides the preset border 20 provided in the exemplary embodiment of this invention, the other three protective borders can be as follows: Figure 8 The shape of the frame 50 shown differs from the preset frame 20 in that the distance between the first surface 21 and the third surface 23 is equal to the total thickness of the photovoltaic laminate 10, that is, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 The total thickness of the five layers of material, and the first surface 21 has a continuous bonding surface that is bonded to the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13 of the photovoltaic laminate 10.

[0068] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module array, including a plurality of photovoltaic modules, at least one of which is the photovoltaic module described above, and the preset frame 20 of the photovoltaic module is close to the ground.

[0069] Photovoltaic module arrays are generally installed at an angle, with a pre-set frame 20 designed to prevent water and dust accumulation placed on the side closest to the ground. This allows accumulated dust and water to flow toward the pre-set frame 20 under the influence of gravity. The highest surface of the pre-set frame 20 is not higher than the light-receiving surface of the cover plate 13 of the photovoltaic laminate, thus allowing accumulated dust and water to flow completely out of the photovoltaic module.

[0070] The other advantages of photovoltaic module arrays compared to existing technologies are the same as those of photovoltaic modules mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic laminate, characterized in that, It includes at least a stacked cover plate, a first adhesive film, and a second adhesive film; The photovoltaic laminate has a pre-set edge with a drainage structure formed on the first adhesive film. The drainage structure includes a plurality of first protrusion structures and at least one first groove structure that are alternately distributed along the extension direction of the pre-set edge. The cover plate has a recessed structure formed in the at least one first groove structure, the peripheral sidewall of the recessed structure is a first peripheral sidewall, the peripheral sidewall of the first groove structure is a third peripheral sidewall, the first peripheral sidewall is in contact with the corresponding third peripheral sidewall, and the bottom wall of the recessed structure is in contact with the second adhesive film. At least one of the recessed structures is used to accommodate at least a portion of a corresponding second protrusion structure on a preset frame of the photovoltaic laminate.

2. The photovoltaic laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the sewage discharge structure is one of the following: wavy, sawtooth, or triangular waveform.

3. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The device includes a preset frame and the photovoltaic laminate as described in claim 1 or 2. The preset frame has a first side, a second side, and a third side that enclose a receiving space. The third side is used to support a preset edge of the photovoltaic laminate, and the second side is used to adhere to the side of the preset edge of the photovoltaic laminate. The preset frame has at least one second protrusion structure and a plurality of second groove structures formed on the first surface, wherein the second protrusion structure protrudes along a direction away from the second surface; Each of the second groove structures corresponds to one of the first protrusion structures; One of the at least one second protruding structure corresponds to one of the at least one recessed structure.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the second protrusion is not greater than the depth of the recess; wherein, The thickness direction of the second protrusion and the depth direction of the recess both refer to the distribution direction from the first adhesive film to the second adhesive film in the photovoltaic laminate.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photovoltaic laminate also includes a back plate disposed on the side of the second adhesive film away from the first adhesive film, wherein the thickness of the portion of the second surface located in the second groove structure is not greater than a preset thickness, and the preset thickness is the total thickness of the second adhesive film and the back plate. The thickness direction of the second surface, the thickness direction of the second adhesive film, and the thickness direction of the back plate all refer to the distribution direction from the first adhesive film to the second adhesive film in the photovoltaic laminate.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also has a drainage channel, which includes at least one first channel segment that communicates with the outside of the preset frame. The first flow channel section is: a gap formed by the second circumferential sidewall and the first circumferential sidewall, wherein the circumferential sidewall of the second protruding structure is the second circumferential sidewall, and the circumferential sidewall of the recessed structure is the first circumferential sidewall.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drainage channel also includes a plurality of second channel segments that communicate with the at least one first channel segment. The second channel segment is a gap formed by the top end of the first protrusion structure and the second surface.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shape of the second protruding structure may be the same as or different from the shape of the recessed structure; and / or, The shape of the first protrusion may or may not be the same as the shape of the second groove.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cover plate is a flexible cover plate.

10. A photovoltaic module array, characterized in that, It includes multiple photovoltaic modules, at least one of which is a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 3-9, and the preset frame of the photovoltaic module is close to the ground.

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