A waste plastic pyrolysis device

Abstract

The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste plastic pyrolysis device, belonging to the field of waste plastic pyrolysis technology. It includes a pyrolysis furnace body with two controllable rotating flaps inside. These flaps form a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber from top to bottom within the furnace body. A feed inlet is located on one side of the top of the furnace body. A first motor is located at the top of the furnace body, and its output is connected to a rotating mud removal component. An auxiliary mud removal component is located on one side of the first chamber, and a stainless steel pipe is located on the other side. This stainless steel pipe extends out of the pyrolysis furnace body via a threaded connection and is connected to a filtration device. One end of the filtration device is connected to a water tank. The second chamber is a drying chamber, and the third chamber is a pyrolysis chamber. By using this invention, the cumbersome waste plastic processing procedures and the waste of human resources are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste plastic pyrolysis technology, and specifically relates to a waste plastic pyrolysis device. Background Technology

[0002] Over the past few decades, plastic consumption has grown rapidly, becoming an indispensable part of human life and industrial activities. Of all plastics, polyethylene (PE) accounts for more than 40% of total plastic production. By 2020, approximately 104.4 million tons of polyethylene were produced using oil or natural gas. However, the disposal of post-consumer plastics from packaging, medical, and construction industries remains a serious environmental problem. More than 60% of plastic waste is not recycled and ultimately ends up in landfills and incinerators, prompting us to pursue an environmentally friendly approach to waste plastic management.

[0003] Currently, upgrading plastics into fuels and chemicals through thermochemical processes is considered a promising method for increasing the value of plastic waste. However, the raw materials often contain impurities such as soil and fibers, and their instability can affect the production of high-value products. Existing non-standard (thermal) pyrolysis units require waste plastics to be sorted, cleaned, crushed, and dried before they can be used as feedstock for the (thermal) pyrolysis unit. Traditional raw material pretreatment methods are cumbersome and inefficient, failing to address these issues. Therefore, we propose a waste plastic pyrolysis device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste plastic pyrolysis device to solve the problems of cumbersome and inefficient processes in the prior art for cleaning waste plastics of dirt and other impurities.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A waste plastic pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis furnace body. The pyrolysis furnace body is equipped with two controllable rotating flaps. The pyrolysis furnace body is divided into a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity from top to bottom by the two controllable rotating flaps. A feed inlet is provided on one side of the top of the pyrolysis furnace body. A first motor is provided at the top of the pyrolysis furnace body. The output end of the first motor is connected to a rotating mud removal component. An auxiliary mud removal component is provided on one side of the first cavity. A stainless steel pipe is provided on the other side. The stainless steel pipe extends out of the pyrolysis furnace body through a threaded connection and is connected to a suction filter device. One end of the suction filter device is connected to a water tank.

[0007] The second chamber is a drying box. Volatile matter outlets that penetrate the pyrolysis furnace are provided on both sides of the drying box. Heating tubes are provided at equal intervals on the front and rear sides of the drying box.

[0008] The third chamber is a pyrolysis chamber. The bottom of the pyrolysis chamber is equipped with a square sieve plate. Nine spiral containers with exposed outer walls for loading catalysts are evenly distributed on the square sieve plate. One side of the pyrolysis chamber is equipped with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the other side is equipped with a high-temperature flue gas inlet. The pyrolysis gas outlet is connected to a refining furnace through a pyrolysis gas delivery pipe, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected to a gas combustion furnace through a high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe. The bottom of the square sieve plate is equipped with a funnel-shaped interface with catalyst covering the sidewalls. The bottom of the funnel-shaped interface is equipped with a condensation device. The output end of the condensation device is connected to an oil tank. One side of the funnel-shaped interface is connected to the refining furnace through a hydrogen delivery pipe, and the other side is connected to the gas combustion furnace.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the feed inlet is provided with an anti-impurity component, which includes a baffle plate. The baffle plate has L-shaped guide rails on both sides, and ball bearings are slidably connected on the guide rails. A handle is provided on one side of the baffle plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating soil removal assembly is located in the first cavity. The rotating soil removal assembly includes a hollow rotating rod, which includes a rotating rod one and a rotating rod two. One end of the rotating rod one is connected to one end of the rotating rod two. The diameter of the rotating rod one is smaller than the diameter of the rotating rod two. A spring is provided inside the rotating rod one. The other end of the rotating rod is an arc-shaped end with several water outlet holes. Three sets of blades are arranged alternately on the rotating rod two. The water tank is connected to the water inlet on one side of the rotating rod through a pump.

[0011] Furthermore, each set of blades includes three blades, the blades are tilted upwards and twisted at 15°, the included angle between the blades is 120°, and several water outlet holes are evenly provided at the end of the blade away from the rotating rod and on the upper and lower sides.

[0012] Furthermore, the auxiliary sludge removal component is a drain pipe connected to an external water source.

[0013] Furthermore, the controllable rotating flap is an I-shaped plate with gears in the grooves on both sides. A semi-circular arc-shaped rack is provided on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace body that is connected to the controllable rotating flap. The semi-circular arc-shaped rack is connected to a second motor and meshes with the gears.

[0014] Furthermore, trapezoidal protective covers are provided at the pyrolysis gas outlet and the high-temperature flue gas inlet, respectively. The two inclined sides of the trapezoidal protective covers are welded to the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas outlet and the high-temperature flue gas inlet, and several gas outlet holes are evenly distributed on the lower inclined side.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. This invention features a mud removal component. The rotation of the blades agitates and stirs the raw materials, achieving a highly efficient cleaning effect. The auxiliary mud removal component operates every 20 seconds, using high pressure to flush the mud on the flip plate and prevent impurities from entering the drying stage.

[0017] 2. This invention can ensure the continuity of the entire waste plastic treatment system, avoiding the cumbersome waste plastic treatment process and the waste of human resources.

[0018] 3. The feed inlet anti-impurity components designed in this invention work together to ensure the sealing of the pyrolysis furnace body during the feeding process, preventing various impurities in the environment from entering the furnace body; and the cleaning water splashed by the high-speed rotating high-efficiency soil removal component in the first chamber will not flow out from the feed inlet, thus avoiding excessive waste of cleaning water; in addition, the design of the feed inlet anti-impurity components facilitates the input of raw materials.

[0019] 4. In this invention, a sieve plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber. Nine spiral-shaped containers with exposed outer walls are evenly distributed on the sieve plate for loading catalysts. This eliminates the low efficiency of traditional fixed-bed systems. Waste plastics from the drying chamber can react with catalysts at various heights under high-temperature conditions, thus improving the efficiency of the waste plastic pyrolysis system. The top of the pyrolysis chamber is equipped with a pyrolysis gas output end. A trapezoidal protective cover is welded to the output end. The two inclined sides of the trapezoidal protective cover are welded to the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas output end. Several gas outlet holes are evenly distributed on the lower inclined side to allow pyrolysis gas to pass through. At the same time, the upper inclined side is used to guide the dried raw materials into the pyrolysis chamber, preventing the dried raw materials from sticking to and clogging the pyrolysis gas output end. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soil removal component structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the controllable rotating flap structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-impurity component structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-impurity component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a top view of the square sieve plate of the present invention;

[0027] Wherein: 1-Pyrolysis furnace body; 2-Impurity prevention component; 3-First motor; 4-Feed inlet; 5-Rotating mud removal component; 6-Spring; 7-Auxiliary mud removal component; 8-Filtering device; 9-Water tank; 10-Pump; 11-Water inlet; 12-Heating tube; 13-Volatile part output port; 14-Controllable rotating flap; 15-Second motor; 16-Square sieve plate; 17-Container; 18-Pyrolysis gas output port; 19-Trapezoidal protective cover; 2 0-Funnel-shaped interface; 21-Condensation device; 22-Gas combustion furnace; 23-Refining furnace; 24-Hydrogen conveying pipe; 25-High-temperature flue gas conveying pipe; 26-Pyrolysis gas conveying pipe; 27-Oil tank; 28-Stainless steel pipe; 29-High-temperature flue gas inlet; 201-Baffle plate; 202-Ball bearing; 203-Guide rail; 204-Handle; 1401-I-shaped plate; 1402-Gear; 501-Rotating rod; 502-Blade. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] A waste plastic pyrolysis system includes a pyrolysis furnace body 1. Two controllable rotating flaps 14 are connected inside the pyrolysis furnace body 1. A first cavity is formed between the first controllable rotating flap and the top of the pyrolysis furnace body 1. A second cavity is formed between the first controllable rotating flap and the second controllable rotating flap. A third cavity is formed between the second controllable flap and the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace body 1.

[0030] Within the first chamber, a feed inlet 4 and a feed inlet anti-impurity component 2 are welded to the left side of the top of the pyrolysis furnace body 1. A first motor 3 is installed at the top of the pyrolysis furnace body 1, and the first motor 3 is connected to a rotating mud removal component 5. An auxiliary mud removal component 7 is located on the left side of the first chamber, which works in conjunction with the rotating mud removal component 5 to remove residual mud from the controllable rotating flap 14 using high-pressure flushing. A stainless steel pipe 28 is sleeved on the other side of the first chamber, extending out of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 via a threaded connection and connected to a suction filter 8. The other end of the suction filter 8 is connected to a water tank 9, which is connected to the water inlet 11 of the rotating mud removal component 5. A drying chamber is located within the second chamber, with a volatile matter outlet 13 on each of the left and right sides above the drying chamber. Heating tubes 12 are arranged equidistantly on the front and back sides of the drying chamber to better remove impurities contained in the waste plastic raw materials cleaned from the first chamber. The third chamber contains a pyrolysis chamber, with a square sieve plate 16 connected to the bottom. Nine spiral-shaped containers 17 with exposed outer walls are evenly distributed on the square sieve plate 16 for loading catalysts. Waste plastics from the drying chamber react with the catalysts at various heights under high temperature conditions, improving the efficiency of the waste plastic pyrolysis system. The top of the pyrolysis chamber has a pyrolysis gas outlet 18, and a trapezoidal protective cover 19 is welded to the pyrolysis gas outlet 18. The two inclined sides of the trapezoidal protective cover 19 are welded to the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas outlet 18. Several gas outlet holes are evenly distributed on the lower inclined side to allow pyrolysis gas to pass through. At the same time, the upper inclined side is used to guide the dried raw materials into the pyrolysis chamber, preventing the dried raw materials from sticking and blocking the pyrolysis gas outlet 18. A funnel-shaped interface 20 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pyrolysis tank and is covered with catalyst. A hydrogen delivery pipe 24 passes through the wall of the third chamber and is connected to the funnel-shaped interface 20. The pyrolysis oil from the pyrolysis tank is refined by catalytic hydrogenation reaction. After the reaction, it is condensed by the condenser 21. The non-condensable gas enters the gas combustion furnace 22. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion is sent to the pyrolysis tank through the high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe 25. The refined oil is stored in the oil tank 27.

[0031] The rotating mud removal assembly 5 inside the first chamber of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 includes a rotating rod 501. The rotating rod 501 is a movable rotating rod with a slightly larger diameter lower half, connected by a spring 6 for easy extension and retraction. An arc-shaped component is welded to the bottom of the rotating rod 501, with several evenly distributed water outlet holes. The rotating rod 501 is a hollow rod with three sets of blades 502 welded alternately to its outer wall. Each set contains three blades, with the blades 502 tilted and twisted at an upward angle of 15° and welded to the rotating rod. The angle between the blades is 120°. Several water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the side of the blades 502 away from the rotating rod 501 and on both the upper and lower sides. When the first motor 3 starts, the rotating rod 501 and the blades 502 rotate together. The first motor 3 simultaneously starts the pump 10 to control the flow of clean water from the water tank 9. This allows the clean water to fall evenly into the first chamber in a rotating spray state. The rotation of the blades 502 agitates and stirs the raw materials, achieving a highly efficient cleaning effect. The auxiliary mud removal assembly 7 operates every 20 seconds, using high pressure to flush the mud on the flaps, preventing impurities from entering the drying stage.

[0032] The pyrolysis furnace body 1 is divided into three chambers by a controllable rotating flap 14. The controllable rotating flap 14 includes an I-shaped plate 1401 and gears 1402 welded into grooves. A semi-circular rack is fixed to the side wall of the controllable rotating flap, and the rack is controlled to rotate by a second motor 15. Each operation rotates the controllable rotating flap 14 180°. The second motor 15 is controlled by an automatic control system and runs once every 5 minutes, linking and controlling the racks on both sides of the first and second controllable rotating flaps. The control system also controls the first motor 3. When the flap is flipped, the motor controls the spring 6 inside the rotating rod to compress, thus retracting the rotating rod. This process greatly saves manpower, ensures the continuity and integrity of the waste plastic treatment process, and improves the efficiency of waste plastic treatment.

[0033] The impurity prevention component 2 at the feed inlet at the top of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 includes a rectangular baffle plate 201. Each side of the baffle plate 201 is equipped with a ball bearing 202, which is slidably connected to a guide rail 203. The guide rail 203 is a right-angled design. When the ball bearing 202 slides to the horizontal end, the baffle plate 201 is vertically suspended. There is a smooth four-finger handle 204 on one side of the baffle plate 201 in the sliding direction.

[0034] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0035] During operation, the operator pulls handle 204 to feed the raw material into the first chamber through inlet 4, and starts the first motor 3. The first motor 3 drives the rotating rod 501 and blades 502 to rotate together. At the same time, the first motor 3 starts pump 10 to control the flow of clean water into water tank 9. The clean water is evenly sprayed into the first chamber in a rotating manner. The rotation of blades 502 agitates and stirs the waste plastic, achieving a highly efficient cleaning effect. The auxiliary sludge removal component 7 runs every 20 seconds, using high pressure to wash the sludge on the flip plate to prevent impurities from entering the drying stage. The first controllable rotating flip plate rotates 180° every 5 minutes, sending the clean waste plastic into the drying chamber. The volatile matter is sent out of the pyrolysis furnace 1 through volatile matter outlet 13. The second controllable rotating flip plate runs every 5 minutes, sending the dried waste plastic into the pyrolysis chamber. The temperature inside the pyrolysis chamber is set to 450℃ to pyrolyze waste plastic into gas and oil. The gas enters the refining furnace 23 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 18 via the trapezoidal protective cover 19. The refining furnace 23 carries out a catalytic reaction to obtain carbon nanotubes and hydrogen as products. The hydrogen enters the funnel-shaped interface 20 through the hydrogen delivery pipe 24 for catalytic hydrogenation. The reaction products are condensed through the condenser 21. The condensed refined oil enters the oil tank 27 for storage. The non-condensable gas enters the gas combustion furnace 22. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion is sent to the pyrolysis chamber through the high-temperature flue gas delivery pipe 25 to provide the heat required for pyrolysis.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste plastic pyrolysis device, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace body (1) includes two controllable rotating flaps (14) inside the pyrolysis furnace body (1). The two controllable rotating flaps (14) form a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity from top to bottom inside the pyrolysis furnace body (1). A feed inlet (4) is provided on one side of the top of the pyrolysis furnace body (1). A first motor (3) is provided at the top of the pyrolysis furnace body (1). The output end of the first motor (3) is connected to a rotating mud removal component (5). An auxiliary mud removal component (7) is provided on one side of the first cavity. A stainless steel pipe (28) is provided on the other side. The stainless steel pipe (28) extends out of the pyrolysis furnace body (1) through a threaded connection and is connected to a suction filter (8). One end of the suction filter (8) is connected to a water tank (9). The third chamber is a pyrolysis box. A square sieve plate (16) is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis box. Nine spiral containers (17) with exposed outer walls for loading catalysts are evenly distributed on the square sieve plate (16). A pyrolysis gas outlet (18) is provided on one side of the pyrolysis box, and a high-temperature flue gas inlet (29) is provided on the other side. The pyrolysis gas outlet (18) is connected to a refining furnace (23) through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipe (26). The high-temperature flue gas inlet (29) is connected to a gas combustion furnace (22) through a high-temperature flue gas conveying pipe (25). A funnel-shaped interface (20) with catalysts covering the side walls is provided at the bottom of the square sieve plate (16). A condensing device (21) is provided at the bottom of the funnel-shaped interface (20). An oil tank (27) is connected to the output end of the condensing device (21). One side of the funnel-shaped interface (20) is connected to the refining furnace (23) through a hydrogen conveying pipe (24), and the other side is connected to the gas combustion furnace (22).

2. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cavity is a drying box. On both sides of the drying box, there are volatile matter outlets (13) that penetrate the pyrolysis furnace body (1). Heating tubes (12) are provided at equal intervals on the front and back sides of the drying box.

3. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the feed inlet (4) is provided with an anti-impurity component (2), which includes a baffle plate (201). The baffle plate (201) has L-shaped guide rails (203) on both sides. Ball bearings (202) are slidably connected on the guide rails (203). A handle (204) is provided on one side of the baffle plate (201).

4. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating soil removal assembly (5) is located in the first cavity. The rotating soil removal assembly (5) includes a hollow rotating rod (501). The rotating rod (501) includes a rotating rod one and a rotating rod two. One end of the rotating rod one is connected to one end of the rotating rod two. The diameter of the rotating rod one is smaller than the diameter of the rotating rod two. A spring (6) is provided inside the rotating rod one. The other end of the rotating rod (501) is an arc-shaped end. Several water outlet holes are provided on the arc-shaped end. Three sets of blades are staggered on the rotating rod two. The water tank (9) is connected to the water inlet (11) on one side of the rotating rod (501) through a pump (10).

5. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each blade group includes three blades (502). The blades (502) are tilted upward and twisted by 15°. The included angle between the blades (502) is 120°. Several water outlet holes are evenly provided at the end of the blade (502) away from the rotating rod and on the upper and lower sides.

6. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary sludge removal component (7) is a drain pipe connected to an external water source.

7. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controllable rotating flap (14) is an I-shaped plate (1401), with gears (1402) in the grooves on both sides. A semi-circular arc-shaped rack is provided on the side wall connected to the controllable rotating flap inside the pyrolysis furnace body (1). The semi-circular arc-shaped rack is connected to a second motor (15), and the semi-circular arc-shaped rack meshes with the gears (1402).

8. The waste plastic pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis gas outlet (18) and the high-temperature flue gas inlet (29) are respectively provided with trapezoidal protective covers (19). The two inclined sides of the trapezoidal protective cover (19) are welded to the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas outlet (18) and the high-temperature flue gas inlet (29), and several gas outlet holes are evenly distributed on the lower inclined side.

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